INDEX.

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  • Ablepharus pannonicus, 258
  • Accentor collaris, 316
    • modularis, 317
  • Accidental distribution, 12, 26
  • Acipenser ruthenus, 29
  • Acme, 323
  • Adams, Leith, 112, 150
  • Ægean continent, subsidence of, 272-273
  • Agriolimax, 284
  • Alactaga jaculus, 204
  • Alca impennis, 92, 142
  • Alligator, accidental dispersal of, 14
  • Allolobophora Georgii, 115, 302
  • Alpine Accentor, 316
    • Chough, 317
    • fauna, survival of, during Glacial period, 332
    • flora, 341-348
    • flora, age of, 78, 79
    • flora, suitable conditions for, 78-79
    • Hare, as a test of climate, 316
    • Snow-finch, 318
  • Alps, component elements of fauna, 311-312
  • Alston, E. R., 312
  • Alytes cisternasii, 295
    • obstetricans, 295
  • Amalia, 284
  • America, introductions from, 24
  • American beetles in the British Islands, 167
    • plants, origin of, in the British Islands, 144
    • plants in Ireland, 166
    • sponges in Ireland, 166
  • Ampelis garrulus, 205
  • Amphibia of Europe, 193-194
    • dispersal of, 21
  • Amphicoma, 268
  • Andalusian Bush-quail, 291-292
  • Anergates, 167
  • Anglo-Scotian fauna, 95
  • Animals as tests of climate, 71-75
  • Antelope, 39
  • Ants, European origin of, 161
  • Apollo, 325
  • Apus glacialis, 94, 167
  • Aralo-Caspian Sea and Arctic Ocean, connection between, 219-231
  • Arbutus unedo, 110, 307
  • Arctic animals in Caspian Sea, 238
      202
  • CervidÆ, origin of, 248
  • Cervus dama, 251
  • ChamÆleon vulgaris, 279
  • Chamois, 312
  • Charrs, origin of, 124
  • Chioglossa, 296
  • Chough, Alpine, 317
  • Christ, H., 52, 343-344
  • Christy, Miller, 105
  • Chrysochraon, 330
  • Cicindela, 197-198
  • Cinclus, 255
  • Clarke, Eagle, 105
  • Clausilia, 47, 262-264, 284
  • Claviger, 267-268
    • testaceus, 268
  • Climate in Glacial period, 65, 81, 127, 149, 182-183
    • in Pleistocene Europe, 208-209
  • Close, Maxwell, 129
  • Cod-fish, origin of, 143
  • Coecilianella, 17
  • Coenonympha typhon, 93
  • Cole, G. J., 83, 106-107
  • Coleoptera of Europe, origin of, 197
    • common to Europe and North America, 161
  • Colias, 266
  • Coregonus, 124
  • Cosmopolitan species, 24
  • Cottus, 92-93
    • bubalis, 93
    • gobio, 93
    • quadricornis, 175
    • scorpio, 93
  • Credner, R., 76, 80-83, 116, 129, 163, 182, 216-217, 226-227, 233, 235, 238
  • Geographical changes, importance of, 64
  • Geomalacus maculosus, 5, 49, 99, 102, 115, 298-299
  • Gervais, E., 150
  • Glacial climate in France, 150
    • period, climate of, 65-81, 127, 149, 182-183
    • period in Scandinavia, 176
    • period, survival of animals and plants during, 65
  • Glaciation of Ireland, 129
  • Glutton, 119, 203
  • Goldfinch, origin of, 257
  • Gonepteryx, 296-297
  • Gould, J. E., 20
  • Great Auk, range of, 92, 142
  • Greenland flora, 161-162
    • flora, survival of, 163-164
    • miocene temperature in, 146
    • mollusca on coast of Finmark, 171
    • Tertiary plants, 144-145
  • Grouse, 91, 334
  • Gulo luscus, 119, 203
  • Haacke, W., 147
  • Hamilton, John, 161
  • Hamster, 190, 204
  • Hanitsch, R., 94
  • Hare, 2, 29, 90
  • Hare, Alpine, as a test of l#Page_279" class="pginternal">279
  • erminea, 135-136
  • putorius, 190
  • Myodus lemmus, 138
  • Myoxus, 316
  • Mysis caspica, 223
    • Nathorst, A. G., 163, 169, 240-241
    • Natterjack Toad, 30
    • Nebria atrata, 328
    • Nehring, A., 96, 107, 119, 196, 208-211, 340
    • Nenia, sub-genus of Clausilia, 48
    • Neumayr, M., 19, 67
    • Newt, 319
    • New Siberian Islands, origin of
      • bone-beds, 219
      • extinct fauna of, 218
    • Nightingale, 192
    • Nordquist, 179
    • North American marine mollusca in crag deposits, 173
    • North European Sea, 172
    • Ocean basins, permanence of, 18
    • Oceanic Islands, 18
    • Œneis, 326-327
    • Onychogomphus, 268
    • Oriental migration, old and new, 272
    • Oriental plants, 282-283
    • Origin, centre of, shifting, 202
    • Otiorrhynchus auropunctatus, 115, 302
    • Ovibos moschatus, 119, 134-135, 203

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