(Titles of Works and Papers referred to in the Text.)

Adams, A. Leith.—Report on the History of Irish Fossil Mammals, "Proc. Royal Irish Acad." (2nd series), vol. iii., 1878.

Alston, E. R.—"The Fauna of Scotland," 1880.

Ball, J.—On the Origin of the Flora of the European Alps, "Proc. Royal Geograph. Soc.," vol. i., 1879.

Barrett-Hamilton, G. E. H. (vide also Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton).—Notes on the Introduction of the Brown Hare in Ireland, "Irish Naturalist," vol. vii., 1898.

Beddard, F. E.—"A Text-book of Zoogeography," 1895.

Bell (vide Kendall and Bell).

Blanchard, E.—Preuves de la Formation RÉcente de la MÉditerranÉe, "Comptes Rendus," vol. xciii., 1881.

Blanford, W. T.—Address delivered at the Anniversary Meeting of the Geological Society of London, 1890.

Blytt, A.—"Essay on the Immigration of the Norwegian Flora," 1876.

Boettger, O.—a. System. Verzeich. d. lebenden Arten d. Landschneckengattung Clausilia, "Ber. Offenbach Ver. f. Naturkunde," 1878. b. Entwicklung d. Pupa Arten d. Mittelrheingebiets, "Jahrbuch d. nass. Ver. f. Naturw.," vol. xlii.

Bogdanov, M. M.—Quelques mots sur l'histoire de la faune de la Russie d'Europe, "Archives des Sciences physiques et naturelles" (N.S.), vol. lvi., 1876.

Bonney, T. G.—"Ice-work, Present and Past," 1896.

Boulenger, G. A.—British Museum Catalogue (Amphibia), 1882.

Bourguignat, J. R.—Distribution gÉographique des Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles en AlgÉrie, "Annales des Sciences naturelles" (5th ser.), vol. v., 1864.

Brandt, J. F.—Zoogeographische und PalÆontologische BeitrÄge, "Verhandl. der Kais. russ. Mineral. Gesell." (2nd ser.), vol. ii., 1867.

Brauer, A.—Die Arktische Subregion, "Zool. JahrbÜcher" (Abth. System.), 1888.

Brehm, A. E.—"From North Pole to Equator," 1896.

Brooke, Sir V.—On the Classification of the CervidÆ, "Proc. Zool. Soc. London," 1878.

Bulman, G. W.—The Effect of the Glacial Period on the Fauna and Flora of the British Islands, "Natural Science," vol. iii., 1893.

Bunge, D.—La faune Éteinte des bouches de la LÉna et des Îles de la Nouvelle SibÉrie, "CongrÈs Intern. de Zoologie," vol. ii., Moscow, 1892.

Carpenter, G. H.—Problems of the British Fauna, "Natural Science," vol. ii., 1897.

Christ, H.—"Das Pflanzenleben der Schweiz," 1879.

Cole, G. J.—Borderland, "Irish Naturalist," vol. vi., 1897.

Credner, R.—Die Reliktenseen, "Petermann's Geog. Mitth.," 1887.

Croll, J.—"Climate and Time," 1875.

Darwin, C.—"Origin of Species," 6th ed., 1878.

Dawkins, W. Boyd.—a. "Early Man in Britain," 1880. b. "The British Pleistocene Mammalia," part A, Preliminary Treatise, 1878. c. The Former Range of the Reindeer in Europe, "Popular Science Review," vol. vii., 1868.

Drude, O.—Betrachtungen ii. d. hypothetischen vegetationslosen EinÖden im temperirten Klima der NÖrdlichen HemisphÄre zur Eiszeit, "Petermann's Geog. Mitth.," vol. xxxv., 1889.

Emery, C.—On the Origin of European and North American Ants, "Nature," vol. lii., 1895.

Engler, A.—"Versuch einer Entwicklungsgeschichte d. extratrop. Florengebiete d. NÖrdlichen HemisphÄre," 1879.

Falsan, A.—"La PÉriode Glaciaire," 1889.

Feilden, H. W.—a. Notes on the Glacial Geology of Arctic Europe and its Islands, part 2, "Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.," vol. lii., 1896. b. Notes on a small Collection of Spitsbergen Plants, "Trans. Norfolk and Norwich Nat. Hist. Soc.," vol. vi., 1894.

Fischer, P.—Faune malacologique de Cauterets, suivie d'une Étude sur la rÉpartition des Mollusques, "Journal de Conchyliologie" (3rd series), vol. xvi., 1876.

Forbes, E.—The Geological Relations of the Fauna and Flora of the British Isles, etc., "Memoirs Geol. Survey," vol. i., 1846.

Geikie, Sir A.—"Text-book of Geology," 1882.

Geikie, J.—a. "The Great Ice Age," 1894. b. On Changes of Climate during the Glacial Period, "Geological Magazine," vol. ix., 1872.

Haacke, W.—Der Nordpol als SchÖpfungs-zentrum der Landfauna, "Biologisches Centralblatt," vol. vi., 1887.

HarlÉ, E.—Sur la succession de diverses faunes À la fin du quaternaire, dans le sud-ouest de la France, "SocietÉ d'Histoire Naturelle," Toulouse, 1893.

Harmer, F. W.—On the Pliocene Deposits of Holland, and their relation to the English and Belgian Crags, "Quarterly Journal Geological Soc.," vol. lii., 1896.Herdman, W. A., and Lomas, J.—On the Floor Deposits of the Irish Sea, "Proc. Liverpool Geological Society," vol. viii., 1898.

Hofman, E.—Die Isoporien der EuropÄischen Tagfalter, "Inaugural Diss. d. Phil. FakultÄt in Jena," 1873.

Hooker, J. D.—Outlines of the Distribution of Arctic Plants, "Trans. Linnean Soc.," vol. xxiii., 1862.

Howorth, Sir H.—"The Mammoth and the Flood," 1887.

Ihering, H. von.—a. Die Ameisen von Rio Grande d. Sul, "Berliner Entomolog. Zeitschrift," vol. iii., 1894. b. Najaden von SÃo Paulo und die geographische Verbreitung d. SÜsswasserfaunen von SÜd Amerika, "Archiv. f. Naturgesch.," 1893.

Jordan, H.—Die Binnenmollusken der nÖrdl. gemÄss. LÄnder, "Nova Acta Acad. Carol.-Leop.," vol. xlv., 1883.

Judd, J. W.—Address to the Geological Section, "British Association Report," Aberdeen, 1885.

Karpinski, A.—Übersicht d. physiko-geograph. VerhÄltnisse d. Europ. Russlands, etc., "BeitrÄge z. Kenntniss d. Russ. Reichs" (3 Folge), vol. iv., 1888.Kendall, P. F., and Bell, A.—On the Pliocene Beds of St. Erth, "Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc.," vol. xlii, 1886.Kennard, A. S., and Woodward, B. B.—The Mollusca of the English Cave-Deposits, "Proc. Malacological Soc.," vol. ii., 1897.

Kew, H. W.—"The Dispersal of Shells," 1893.

Kinahan, G. H.—On possible land-connections in recent geological times between Ireland and Great Britain, "Trans. Manchester Geol. Soc.," vol. xxiv., 1896.

Kobelt, W.—a. Das VerhÄltniss d. Europ. Landmoll. z. Westindien und Central Amerika, "Nachrichtsblatt d. deutschen Malak. Gesell.," 1886. b. "Studien zur Zoogeographie," vols. i., ii., 1897-98.

KÖppen, F. T.—Das Fehlen d. EichhÖrnchens, etc., in der Krim, "BeitrÄge zur Kenntniss d. Russ. Reichs" (2 Folge), vol. vi., 1883.

Krasan, F.—Zur Abstammungsgesch. d. autochthonen Pflanzenarten, "Mitth. d. Naturw. Ver. Steiermark," 1896.

Lamplugh, G. W.—The Glacial Period and the Irish Fauna, "Nature," vol. lvii., 1898.

Lomas (vide Herdman and Lomas).

Lydekker, R.—a. "A Handbook of the British Mammalia," 1895. b. "A Geographical History of Mammals," 1896. c. "The Deer of all Lands," 1898. d. Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia of the British Museum, pt. 4, 1886.

Major, C. J. Forsyth.—a. Die Tyrrhenis, "Kosmos," 7 Jahrg., 1883. b. Studien zur Geschichte der Wildschweine, "Zool. Anzeiger," vol. vi., 1883.

Mallet, R.—Some Remarks upon the Movements of Post-tertiary and other Discontinuous Masses, "Journal Geol. Soc. Dublin," vol. v., 1850-53.

Merriam, C. H.—The Geographic Distribution of Life in North America, "Proc. Biological Soc. Washington," vol. vii., 1892.

Murray, Andrew.—"The Geographical Distribution of Mammals," 1866.

Nathorst, A. G.—Kritische Bemerkungen Über die Geschichte d. Vegetation GrÖnlands, "Botanische JahrbÜcher," vol. xiv., 1891.

Nehring, A.—"Tundren und Steppen der Jetzt und Vorzeit," 1890.

Neumayr, M.—"Erdgeschichte," vol. ii., 1887.

Ogilvie, W. R. Grant.—"Game Birds," 1895.

Penck, A.—Die grosse Eiszeit, "Himmel und Erde."

Petersen, W.—Die Lepidopterenfauna d. arktisch. Gebiete von Europa, "BeitrÄge z. Kenntniss d. Russ. Reichs," vol. iv., 1888.

Pettersen, K.—Arktis, "Arch. f. Math. og Naturvid.," 1882.

Pohlig, H.—Dentition und Kraniologie des Elephas antiquus (part 2), "Nova Acta Acad. Carol.-Leop.," vol. liii., 1889.

Reade, Mellard—a. The Present Aspects of Glacial Geology, "Geological Magazine," vol. iii., 1896. b. High Level Shelly Sands and Gravels, "Natural Science," vol. iii., 1893.

Reid, C.—The Pliocene Deposits of Britain, "Mem. Geol. Survey of the United Kingdom," 1890.

RÜtimeyer, L.—"Die Herkunft unserer Thierwelt," 1867.

Sars, G. O.—Crustacea Caspica, "Bull. Acad. Imp. d. Sciences St. Petersburg," vol. xiii., 1893-94.

Scharff, R. F.—a. On the Origin of the European Fauna, "Proc. Royal Irish Acad." (3rd. ser.), vol. iv., 1897. b. Some Remarks on the Distribution of British Land and Freshwater Mollusca, "Conchologist," vol. ii., 1893. c. Étude sur les mammifÈres de la RÉgion Holarctique, "MÉm. de la Soc. Zool. de France," vol. viii., 1894.

Schulz, A.—"GrundzÜge einer Entwicklungsgeschichte d. Pflanzenwelt Mittel-europas," 1894.

Sharpe, R. Bowdler.—British Museum Catalogue (Birds).

Simroth, H.—Eine Bearbeitung d. Russischen Nacktschnecken fauna, "Ann. MusÉe Zool. St. Petersburg," 1896.

SjÖgren, H.—Ueber das diluviale Aralo-Kaspische Meer und die nord-europÄische Vereisung, "Jahrb. d. Kais. K. Geol. Reichsanstalt," vol. xl., 1890.

Sollas, W. J.—On the Origin of Freshwater Faunas, "Trans. Royal Dublin Soc." (2nd ser.), vol. iii., 1884.

Speyer, A. and A.—"Die Geographische Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge Deutschlands und der Schweiz," vol. i., 1858.

Struckmann, C.—Ueber die Verbreitung d. Rennthiers, in d. Gegenwart, etc., "Zeitschr. d. deutsch. Geol. Gesell.," vol. iii., 1883.

Suess, E.—"Das Antlitz der Erde," vol. i., 1892.

Tcherski, J. D.—Das Janaland und die Neusibirischen Inseln, "MÉm. Acad. Imp. St. Petersburg," vol. xl., 1892.Thomas, O., and Barrett-Hamilton, G. E. H.—The Irish Stoat distinct from the British species, "Zoologist," 1895.

Wallace, A. R.—"Island Life," 2nd edit., 1892.

Warming, E.—Ueber GrÖnlands Vegetation, "Botanische JahrbÜcher," vol. x., 1888-89.

White, F. B.—Some Thoughts on the Distribution of the British Butterflies, "The Entomologist," vol. xiv., 1881.

Woodward, B. B.—On the Pleistocene (non-marine) Mollusca of the London District, "Proc. Geologists' Association," vol. ii. (vide also Kennard and Woodward).

Wright, J.—Boulder-clay a marine deposit, "Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow," vol. x., 1896.