GENERAL INDEX. Joseph Nasmith Acceleration of winding velocity in mule 330 211 Action of building motion in roving machines 252 168 Action of building ratchet wheel in roving machines 257 171 Action of combing machine 198 126 Action of copping mechanism 322 205 Action of mule at end of draw 289 189 Action of fallers in mule 303 194 Action of plate wheel in roving machines 244 162 Action of rollers of mule 267 177 Advantages of rotation of backing-off wheel 296 190 Air current, conveyance of cotton by 63 32 Air current, effect of passages on 79 41 Air current in scutchers, velocity of 78 40 American cotton 21 13 Amount of lift in roving machines 233 154 Angularity of brackets in ring frames 370 240 Angularity of thread in mules 360 229 Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for ring frames 383 254 Asa Lees and Company’s rope driving for scutchers 92 48 Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder setting 129 75 Ashworth Brothers’ cylinder driving 149 85 Ashworth Brothers’ revolving flat carding machine 129 75 Attachment of cards to cylinders and doffers 164 96 Attachment of cards to flats by rivets 166 101 Attachment of cards to flats by sewing 166 101 Attachment of cards to flats by clips 166 101 Attachment of carriage end frame bands 284 187 Attachment of pressers 228 148 Attachment of roving to mule spindles 267 177 B Back shaft connection with scroll shaft 315 202 Back shaft connection of quadrant with 327 209 Back shaft clutch, shape of teeth 284 187 Back shaft clutch, disengagement of 293 190 Back shaft, driving of 284 184 Back shaft, driving of, ordinary method 351 221 Back shaft, position of scrolls 284 187 Backing-off chain, tightening motion 307 198 Backing-off clutch, engagement of 299 193 Backing-off clutch, release of 312 200 Backing-off, compression of spring 300 193 Backing-off, constant rotation of wheel 296 190 Backing-off, driving of wheel 282 194 Backing-off, effect of driving wheel 282 184 Backing-off lever, release of 301 194 Backing-off, operation of 270 177 Backing-off, holding out catch during 310 200 Backing-off, parts at end of 311 200 Bale breaker 28 17 Bale breaker, construction of rollers 33 19 Bale breaker, Dobson and Barlow’s 34 19 Bale breaker, draught of 30 18 Baling of cotton 27 16 Balling machines 404 281 Bands, check 315 202 Bands, tension of spindle 280 183 Bands, mule end frame 284 187 Bands, course of rim 281 183 Beaters, balancing scutcher 68 36 Beaters, blow of 69 37 Beaters, construction of scutcher 68 36 Beaters, space between grid and arms of 59 31 Beaters, pulsations of 70 37 Beaters, two and three winged 69 36 Beaters, velocity of opener 55 30 Beaters, velocity of Lord’s opener 58 31 Beaters, velocity of scutcher 69 36 Bearings, Higgins’ roving spindle 230 152 Belts, main driving speeds 13 10 Bend, Mason’s concentric 113 60 Bend, Dobson and Barlow’s 125 69 Bend, easy adjustment of flexible 134 78 Bend, Hetherington’s setting of 121 66 Bend, Hetherington’s trueing of 121 66 Bend, Howard and Bullough’s 127 70 Bend, Knowles’ 128 73 Bend, Legh’s flexible 119 65 Bend, Platt’s flexible 122 67 Bend, Platt’s inspection of setting of 137 79 Bend, position of flexible 120 66 Bend, setting brackets for 113 60 Bend, setting flexible 119 65 Bend, theory of flexible 118 64 Bobbins, coated 414 291 Bobbins, doubling and throstle 413 291 Bobbins, driving roving 232 153 Bobbins, lead, reasons for 237 156 Bobbins, lift of 233 154 Bobbins and flyer leads 240 158 Bobbins, principle of driving roving 239 157 Bobbins, retardation of roving 238 157 Bobbins, ring frame 413 288 Bobbins, roving 412 287 Bobbins, Sidebotham’s patent 413 291 Brazilian cotton 20 13 Brooks’ adjustment of flats in card 131 77 Brooks’ drawing machine 208 137 Brooks’ ring spinning machine 367 234 Brooks’ revolving flat card 130 76 Brooks’ slow motion for card 174 107 Building motion, action of 252 168 Building motion, construction of 251 167 Building motion, objects of 250 166 Building motion, reversal of lift by 254 171 Building motion, roving frame 250 166 Bundling press 396 267 C Cages, Crighton’s construction of 76 39 Cages, position of 67 35 Calender rollers of carding engines 109 55 Calculation of counts 387 257 Calculation of hank roving 387 257 Cam shaft, effect of first half turn of 292 190 Cam shaft, effect of second half turn of 345 218 Cam shaft, ordinary position of 350 220 Cam shaft, position of cams on 291 189 Cans, arrangement in drawing machine 215 143 Cans, Bridge’s corrugated 405 282 Cans, Platt’s full stop motion 221 145 Cans, position in coiler 110 55 Cans, sliver 405 282 Carding, importance of 190 119 Card clothing, attachment to flats by rivets 166 101 Card clothing, attachment to flats by sewing 166 101 Card clothing, attachment to flats by clips 166 101 Card clothing, attachment to flats by Platt’s clip 169 105 Card clothing, construction of foundation 154 91 Card clothing, counts of wire 156 92 Card clothing, counts used 157 93 Card clothing, defects of side grinding 159 94 Card clothing, deflection of flats 167 102 Card clothing, desirability of light grinding 163 95 Card clothing, improved side grinding 162 95 Card clothing, machine for winding fillets 165 96 Card clothing, manufacture of fillets 155 91 Card clothing, mode of attaching fillets 164 96 Card clothing, Platt’s fastener for 169 105 Card clothing, preparation before fixing 164 96 Card clothing, principles of setting 158 93 Card clothing, setting teeth 156 92 Card clothing, shape of teeth 159 94 Card clothing, side grinding of teeth 159 94 Card clothing, striation of teeth 161 94 Card clothing, teeth of licker-in 157 93 Card clothing, Tweedale’s clip for 168 102 Card grinding, best speed of cylinder 170 105 Card grinding, Brooks’ slow motion for 174 107 Card grinding, construction of brackets 178 110 Card grinding, Dronsfield’s emery fillets 176 109 Card grinding, Edge’s flat apparatus 182 113 Card grinding, Hetherington’s flat apparatus 181 112 Card grinding, Hetherington’s slow motion 172 106 Card grinding, Higginson’s flat apparatus 183 114 Card grinding, Horsfall roller 177 109 Card grinding, Knowles’ and Tatham’s flat apparatus 180 111 Card grinding, Knowles’ slow motion 175 108 Card grinding, machine for rollers 186 117 Card grinding, machine for Wellman flats 187 118 Card grinding, Platt’s flat apparatus 184 116 Card grinding, principles of flat 179 110 Card grinding, rollers used in 176 108 Card grinding, Sykes’ slow motion 171 105 Carding machine, action of cylinder 151 86 Carding machine, action of licker-in 150 85 Carding machine, Ashworth’s 129 74 Carding machine, Ashworth’s cylinder setting 129 74 Carding machine, Ashworth’s driving 149 85 Carding machine, Ashworth’s setting of pedestals 148 85 Carding machine, attenuation of fleece 152 86 Carding machine, Brook’s 130 76 Carding machine, Brook’s adjustment of flats 131 77 Carding machine, condition of fibres 153 88 Carding machine, construction of bend 113 60 Carding machine, construction of calender rolls 109 55 Carding machine, construction of coiler 110 55 Carding machine, construction of cylinder 107 54 Carding machine, construction of dish feed 143 81 Carding machine, construction of doffer 108 54 Carding machine, construction of doffer comb 108 54 Carding machine, construction of licker-in 106 54 Carding machine, construction of pedestals 147 84 Carding machine, construction of setting brackets 113 60 Carding machine, construction theory of bend 118 64 Carding machine, character of working settings 133 78 Carding machine, development of 104 53 Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s 125 69 Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s covers for 145 82 Carding machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedestal setting 148 85 Carding machine, driving of parts of 146 84 Carding machine, driving of rollers 113 60 Carding machine, ease of flexible bend adjustment 134 78 Carding machine, effect of licker-in 143 82 Carding machine, feeding laps 105 53 Carding machine, Hetherington’s setting of bend 121 66 Carding machine, Hetherington’s trueing apparatus 121 66 Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s 127 70 Carding machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedestal setting 148 85 Carding machine, inclination of teeth on rollers 112 56 Carding machine, Knowles’s 128 73 Carding machine, Leigh’s flexible bend 119 65 Carding machine, method of setting flats 132 77 Carding machine, movement of cylinder centre 135 79 Carding machine, object of 103 53 Carding machine, Platt’s bend setting 122 67 Carding machine, Platt’s inspection of setting 137 79 Carding machine, position of chain attachment 123 68 Carding machine, position of flexible bend 120 64 Carding machine, position of mote knives 144 82 Carding machine, position of under casings 144 82 Carding machine, removal of neps and short fibre 150 85 Carding machine, revolving flat 115 61 Carding machine, revolving, adjusting heel of flats 117 62 Carding machine, revolving, construction of flats 116 61 Carding machine, revolving, mode of shaping flats 116 61 Carding machine, revolving, number of flats 115 61 Carding machine, revolving, testing flats 117 62 Carding machine, roller and clearer 111 56 Carding machine, roller dirt stripper 111 56 Carding machine, setting flexible bend 119 65 Carding machine, setting licker-in and doffer 136 79 Carding machine, ultimate draught 152 86 Carding machine, velocity of cylinder 107 54 Carding machine, velocity of doffer 108 54 Carding machine, velocity of doffer comb 108 54 Carding machine, velocity of rollers 112 56 Carding machine, velocity of Wellman 141 81 Carding machine, Wellman 138 79 Carding machine, Wellman, Dobson, and Barlow’s 139 80 Carding machine, Wellman, effect of setting of flats 141 81 Carding machine, Wellman, future of 142 81 Carding machine, Wellman, principles of 138 79 Carding machine, Wellman, setting flats of 140 81 Card stripping, importance of 188 118 Card stripping, method of 189 119 Card stripping, reasons for 188 118 Capital employed in spinning 3 5 Carriage of mule, connection with square 278 183 Carriage of mule, construction of 278 183 Carriage of mule, gain of 288 189 Carriage of mule, improved slips for 360 229 Carriage of mule, reciprocal motion of 269 177 Chain attachment to flats 123 68 Chain, backing-off tightening 307 198 Chain, winding 331 212 Chain, winding tightening motion 333 213 Cleanliness, importance of 16 11 Clearers for drawing frames 212 142 Clearers, Dobson and Barlow’s 212 142 Clearers, Ermen’s revolving 212 142 Clearers, roving frames 226 148 Clearers, rollers of carding engines 112 56 Click motion 341 217 Click motion, defects of old 342 217 Click motion, holding out rod and 343 217 Coiler, construction of 110 56 Collars, Mason’s long 229 152 Combined opening machines, Dobson and Barlow’s 47 25 Combined opening machines, Platt’s 52 28 Combined opening machines, Lord’s 58 31 Combined mixing, opening, and scutching 63 32 Combined opening and scutching 93 48 Combing machine, action of 198 126 Combing machine, combing cylinder 196 125 Combing machine, detaching mechanism 197 126 Combing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s 202 130 Combing machine, Imbs’ 205 135 Combing machine, nippers of, Dobson & Barlow’s 203 134 Combing machine, nipper guard 201 130 Combing machine, preparation of sliver for 192 120 Combing machine, Pinel, Lecoeur, & Hetherington’s 205 135 Combing machine, speed of 200 129 Combing machine, waste from 206 136 Comparative spindle speeds 9 8 Condenser, Theisen’s patent 11 9 Cones, Asa Lees’ driving for 92 48 Cones, Platt’s driving for 87 45 Cones, roving frame 242 158 Cones, scutching machine velocity 83 42 Cones, shape of 249 166 Cones, speed 249 166 Construction of combing cylinder 196 125 Construction of drawing machine 208 137 Construction of roving frames 226 147 Constructive methods, early 7 7 Constructive methods, modern 8 7 Cops, chase of 317 203 Cops, form of 316 202 Cops, layers of yarn in 317 203 Cops, paper tubes for 316 202 Cops, winding traverse in building 317 203 Copping motion, action of 322 205 Copping motion, loose copping rail 321 205 Copping motion, object of rail 308 199 Copping motion, theory of 319 203 Copping motion, traverse of plates 320 204 Cotton, American 21 13 Cotton, Brazilian 20 13 Cotton, cleaning of 39 23 Cotton, commercial qualities 23 14 Cotton, Egyptian 19 13 Cotton gin 24 15 Cotton, Indian 22 13 Cotton, mixing 36 21 Cotton, Sea Island 18 13 Cotton fibre, structure of 17 12 Cotton fibre, strength of 17 12 Cotton mill, cost of 6 7 Cotton, pneumatic conveyance of 63 32 Cotton spinning industry 3 5 Counts of yarn, definition of 387 257 Counts of wire, how calculated 156 92 Counts of wire commonly used 157 93 Creel, roving machine 226 147 Crighton opening machine 53 29 Crighton opening, combined 63 32 Crighton opening, double 61 32 Crighton opening, distance of grids 59 31 Crighton opening, lubrication of footsteps 57 31 Crighton opening, position of fans 54 29 Crighton opening, production of 60 32 Crighton opening, shape of grids 56 30 Curtis and Rhodes’ differential motion 247 164 Curtis’ mule 358 228 D Dead plate in scutching machine 75 39 Dead plate, effect of position of 80 41 Dead plate, Platt’s arrangement of	81	41
Dead plate, position of	77	39
Definition of lead	237	156
Deflection of flats	167	102
Detaching mechanism of combers	197	126
Development of carding machine	104	53
Differential motion, action of plate wheel in	244	162
Differential motion, Curtis and Rhodes’	247	164
Differential motion, mode of driving plate wheel	246	163
Differential motion of roving machines	243	161
Differential motion, relative velocity of plate wheel	246	164
Differential motion, theory of	244	162
Differential motion, Tweedale’s	248	165
Dirt roller of carding engine	111	56
Dobson and Barlow’s bale breaker	34	19
Dobson and Barlow’s combing machine	202	130
Dobson and Barlow’s covers for carding engines	145	82
Dobson and Barlow’s detaching mechanism	202	133
Dobson and Barlow’s governing motion	354	225
Dobson and Barlow’s nosing motion	353	223
Dobson and Barlow’s opening machine	47	25
Dobson and Barlow’s revolving flat card	125	69
Dobson and Barlow’s setting cylinders	148	85
Dobson and Barlow’s under casings	144	82
Dobson and Barlow’s Wellman machine	139	80
Doffer, carding machine	108	54
Doffer, velocity of	108	54
Doffer comb	108	54
Doffing motion for reels	394	265
Double fans in opening machines	52	28
Doubling of laps in scutchers	97	52
Doubling machine	384	284
Doubling winding machine, objects of	397	271
Doubling winding machine, Stubbs’	398	271
Draught of bale breaker	30	18
Draught of carding machine	152	86
Draught in drawing machine	211	141
Draught, effect of	211	141
Draught of machines, definition	29	18
Draught of scutching machine	98	52
Draught of scutching where occurring	101	52
Drawing machine, arrangement of sliver cans	215	143
Drawing machine, Brooks’ stop motion	219	144
Drawing machine, centres of rollers	210	141
Drawing machine, clearers for	212	142
Drawing machine, construction of	208	137
Drawing machine, deliveries of	208	137
Drawing machine, Dobson and Barlow’s, clearer for	212	142
Drawing machine, draughts in	211	141
Drawing machine, driving rollers of	209	138
Drawing machine, doubling of slivers in	215	143
Drawing machine, effect of doubling in	216	143
Drawing machine, effect of staple	210	141
Drawing machine, Ermen’s revolving clearer	212	142
Drawing machine, essential features in	214	142
Drawing machine, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion	223	145
Drawing machine, Leigh’s loose boss rollers	208	138
Drawing machine, number of doublings	216	143
Drawing machine, number of doublings permissible	217	144
Drawing machine, objects of	207	137
Drawing machine, Platt’s full can stop motion	221	145
Drawing machine, reasons for stop motion	219	144
Drawing machine, rollers for	208	138
Drawing machine, roller laps	212	142
Drawing machine, roller relieving motion	213	142
Drawing machine, size of rollers	224	146
Drawing machine, slubs	212	142
Drawing machine, velocity of rollers	209	138
Drawing machine, velocity of rollers	224	146
Driving, Ashworth’s, of carding machine	149	84
Driving belts, speed of	13	10
Driving bobbins of roving machine	232	153
Driving carding engines	146	84
Driving rollers and clearers	113	60
Driving rollers of roving machine	231	152
Driving ropes, size and speed of	14	10
Driving, spindles of roving machine	231	152
Dronsfield’s emery fillets	176	109
Dronsfield’s roller covering machine	409	284
Dub’s governing motion	356	226
Duplex driving of mules	287	188
Dust trunks, construction of	64	32
Dust trunks, Platt Brothers	65	33
Dust trunks, position of	64	32
Dust trunks, use of	63	32
E
Early inventions	1	5
Edge’s flat grinding apparatus	182	131
Egyptian cotton	19	13
Elephant opener	28	16
Engines, steam, types of	11	8
Ermen’s revolving clearer	212	142
Essential features of drawing frames	214	142
Extent of machine making trade	3	5
F
Fans in opening machine	52	28
Feed motion dish for carding engine	106	54
Feed motion dish for carding engine	143	81
Feed motion, Lord’s piano	82	42
Feed motion, cones in scutching	84	43
Feed motion, velocity of cones in scutching	83	42
Feed rollers, draught of	98	52
Feed rollers, drawing action of	85	44
Feed rollers, scutcher	85	44
Feeding carding machines	105	53
Feeding scutching machines from laps	95	51
Fibres, position in fleece	153	88
Fillets attaching to cylinders	164	96
Fillets attaching to flats	166	101
Fillets, Dronsfield’s emery	176	109
Fillets, foundation for card	154	91
Fillets, manufacture of card	155	91
Fillets, Platt’s fastener for	169	105
Fillets, preparation of	164	96
Fillets, setting teeth in	156	92
Fillets, Tweedale’s clip for card	168	102
Fillets, winding on	165	96
Fillets, Whiteley’s clip for card	166	101
Flats, adjustment of heel in	117	62
Flats, attaching chain to	123	68
Flats, attaching clothing to	166	101
Flats, Brooks’ adjustment of	131	77
Flats, character of working setting	133	78
Flats, construction of	116	61
Flats, deflection of	167	102
Flats, Edge’s grinding apparatus for	182	113
Flats, Hetherington’s grinding apparatus for	181	112
Flats, Higginson’s grinding apparatus for	183	114
Flats, Knowles’ grinding apparatus for	180	111
Flats, number of	115	61
Flats, Platt’s grinding apparatus	184	116
Flats, Platt’s inspecting device for	137	79
Flats, shaping	116	61
Flats, setting	132	77
Flats, setting, Wellman	140	80
Flats, testing heel of	117	62
Flyers, attachment of pressers to	228	148
Flyers, construction of roving	227	148
Flyers, lead of	240	158
Flyers, retardation of	240	157
G
Gassing machine	399	272
Gauge of spindles in roving machines	227	148
Gin, cotton	24	15
Gin, Macarthy cotton	25	15
Grids, Howard and Bullough’s air bars for	74	38
Grids, pitch of projections on	60	32
Grids, position in opening machine	59	31
Grids, position in scutching machine	72	37
Grids, shape of opening machine	56	30
Grids, setting bars in	73	38
Grinding, defects of side	160	94
Grinding, desirability of light	163	95
Grinding, Horsfall roller for	177	109
Grinding, improved side	162	95
Grinding, principles of flat	179	110
Grinding, roller brackets for	178	110
Grinding, roller	186	117
Grinding, side	159	94
Grinding, slow speed of cylinder during	170	105
Grinding, striation of teeth	161	94
Grinding, Wellman flat	187	118
H
Hank, definition of	387	257
Hank, roving calculation of	387	257
Heating of mills	15	11
Heilmann combing machine	195	122
Hetherington’s flat-grinding apparatus	181	112
Hetherington’s Heilmann comber	195	122
Hetherington’s mule	352	222
Hetherington’s production of mule	...	233
Hetherington’s setting of flexible bend	121	66
Hetherington’s slow motion	172	106
Hetherington’s trueing apparatus for card	121	66
Higgins’ spindle bearing	230	152
Higginson’s flat grinding apparatus	183	114
Holding-out catch	309	199
Horsfall grinding roller	177	109
Howard and Bullough’s air bars	74	38
Howard and Bullough’s carding engine	127	70
Howard and Bullough’s clip for fillets	168	102
Howard and Bullough’s differential motion	248	165
Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion	223	145
Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion	263	174
Howard and Bullough’s production of ring frame	...	259
Howard and Bullough’s weft ring frame	382	253
Humidity of mills	15	10
I
Importance of cleanliness	16	11
Importance of efficient carding	190	119
Importance of stripping cards	188	118
Imbs’ combing machine	205	135
Inclination of carding roller teeth	112	56
Inclination of spindle in mule	280	183
Increase in production of machine	4	6
Indian cotton	22	13
Indicators for mules	417	292
Indicators for slubbing machines	417	294
J
Jack frame	225	147
Jack shaft	241	158
Jacking	361	231
K
Knowles’ revolving flat carding engine	128	73
Knowles’ slow motion	175	108
Knowles and Tatham’s grinding apparatus	180	111
L
Lap attachment to scutching machine	67	35
Lap, doubling of	97	52
Lap, effect of licker-in on	143	82
Lap, feeding on scutching machine	95	51
Lap, feeding on carding engine	105	53
Lap, selvedges of	99	52
Lap, weight and hank of	100	52
Leaf extractor, Crighton’s	77	40
Leigh’s flexible bend	119	65
Leigh’s loose boss top roller	208	138
Licker-in, action of	150	85
Licker-in, construction of	106	54
Licker-in, setting of	136	79
Licker-in, teeth of	157	93
Lift of roving bobbins	233	154
Lift, amount of	233	154
Lift, reversal of	254	171
Lift, ring rail	367	236
Lift, shortening of roving frame	235	155
Locking lever in mule	305	196
Long collar, Mason’s	229	152
Long lever in mule	290	189
Lord Brothers’ opening machine	58	31
Lord Brothers’ piano feed motion	82	42
Lord Brothers’ scutching machine	68	35
Lord Brothers’ velocity of opening beaters	58	31
M
Machine making industry, employment in	3	5
Machinery, productive power of	4	6
Main driving of mills	12	9
Margin between yarn and cotton	5	6
Mason’s long collars	229	152
Methods, earlier, of machine construction	2	5
Methods, earlier, of machine construction	7	7
Methods, modern, of machine construction	8	7
Mill, cost of	6	7
Mill, construction of modern	10	8
Mixing arrangements	35	20
Mixing by machine	37	21
Mixing, principles of	36	21
Mixing, staples of cottons in	38	22
Moisture in cotton	27	16
Mote knives, position and setting	144	82
Mule	264	176
Mule, back shaft driving of	284	184
Mule, back shaft clutch teeth of	284	187
Mule, back shaft disengagement of clutch	293	190
Mule, back shaft scrolls on	284	187
Mule, backing-off, driving of wheel	282	184
Mule, backing-off, effect of	282	184
Mule, backing-off, engagement of clutch	299	193
Mule, backing-off, operation of	270	177
Mule, backing-off, rotation of wheel	296	190
Mule, backing-off, release of clutch	312	200
Mule, backing-off, release of lever	301	194
Mule, backing-off, compression of spring	300	193
Mule, backing-off, tightening motion of chain	307	198
Mule, bands attaching to end frames	284	187
Mule, cam shaft effects, first half turn	292	190
Mule, cam shaft effects, second half turn	345	218
Mule, cam shaft, position of cams on	291	189
Mule, cam shaft, position of ordinary	350	220
Mule, click motion, description of	341	217
Mule, click motion, defects of old	342	217
Mule, click motion, holding out rod, and	343	217
Mule carriage, angularity of yarn during traverse of	360	229
Mule carriage, connection with square	278	183
Mule carriage, construction of	278	183
Mule carriage, extent of traverse of	269	177
Mule carriage, gain of	288	189
Mule carriage, reciprocal motion of	269	177
Mule carriage, relation of rollers to	276	180
Mule cop, chase of	317	203
Mule cop, form of	316	202
Mule cop, layers of yarn in	317	203
Mule cop, paper tubes for	316	202
Mule cop, position of nose of	306	197
Mule copping motion, action of	322	205
Mule copping motion, loose rail in	321	205
Mule copping motion, object of rail	308	199
Mule copping motion, theory of	319	203
Mule copping motion, traverse of plates in	320	204
Mule, Curtis’	358	228
Mule, driving arrangement of bands for	281	183
Mule, driving, back shaft	284	184
Mule, driving, dimensions of pulleys for	281	183
Mule, driving, duplex	287	188
Mule, driving, duplex, dimensions of pulleys for	287	188
Mule, driving, gear of taking-in shaft	285	187
Mule, driving, improved, for taking-in side shaft	286	188
Mule, driving rollers from rim shaft	283	184
Mule, driving scroll shaft	285	187
Mule, driving spindles	280	183
Mule fallers, action of	303	194
Mule fallers, actuating mechanism of winding	305	196
Mule fallers, construction and position of	303	194
Mule fallers, difference in upward and downward traverse of	317	203
Mule fallers, position of winding before unlocking	346	218
Mule fallers, regulating mechanism of counter	304	195
Mule fallers, regulation of unlocking winding	346	219
Mule fallers, release of strain on rods	347	219
Mule, fine yarn	361	230
Mule governing, action of motion	338	216
Mule governing, amount required	340	216
Mule governing, construction of motion	337	215
Mule governing, Dobson and Barlow’s motion	354	225
Mule governing, Dub’s motion	356	226
Mule governing, necessity for	336	214
Mule governing, release of motion	339	216
Mule, Hetherington’s	352	222
Mule, holding out catch mechanism of	309	199
Mule, holding out position during backing-off	310	200
Mule, holding out catch release of	313	201
Mule, holding out rod effect on click motion	343	217
Mule, jacking motion	361	231
Mule, long lever	290	189
Mule, locking lever, position of	305	196
Mule, locking point, relation to cop nose	306	197
Mule, locking taking-in friction	309	200
Mule, Mendoza lever	351	221
Mule, Mendoza locking	352	222
Mule nosing motion, Dobson and Hardman’s	353	223
Mule nosing motion, Platt’s	333	213
Mule nosing peg	332	213
Mule, Platt’s reasons for selecting	275	179
Mule, production of, 1835-1890	4	6

Mule production, tables of

Mule, primary parts of

Mule, regulation of releasing motions

Mule rim shaft, driving bands on

Mule rim shaft, driving back shaft from

Mule rim shaft, driving rollers from

Mule rim shaft, reversal of

Mule rim shaft, velocity of

Mule rollers, action of

Mule rollers, construction of

Mule rollers, driving of

Mule rollers, disengagement of clutch

Mule rollers, engagement of clutch

Mule scroll, diameters of

Mule scroll, connection with back shaft

Mule scroll, driving of shaft

Mule scroll, position of, on back shaft

Mule scroll, position of check

Mule scroll, revolution of shaft

Mule spindles, attaching roving to

Mule spindles, construction of

Mule spindles, dimensions of

Mule spindles, effect of taper of

Mule spindles, fitting bands on

Mule, number of spindles on

Mule, reversal of spindles

Mule, velocity of spindles

Mule spinning, definition of spinning

Mule, stages in working of

Mule stages, definition of

Mule stages, end of first

Mule stages, end of second

Mule stages, end of third

Mule stages, end of fourth

Mule stages, end of fifth

Mule stages, end of fifth

Mule stages, end of sixth

Mule stages, varying operation of parts during

Mule strap guide, lever mechanism of

Mule strap guide, mode of releasing

Mule strap guide, release of

Mule strap guide, re-locking, &c.

Mule, taking-in, action of back shaft during

Mule, taking-in, locking of clutch

Mule, taking-in, position of clutch during backing off

Mule, taking-in, release of clutch

Mule, taking-in, speed of carriage during

Mule, Threlfall’s fine

Mule, twist yarn produced

Mule, tin roller, construction of

Mule, tin roller, driving of

Mule winding, action at end of

Mule winding, acceleration of velocity during

Mule winding, application of theory

Mule winding, connection of chain with tin roller

Mule winding, construction of quadrant mechanism

Mule winding, chain tightening motion

Mule winding, chain rewinding on scroll

Mule winding, difference in velocity of

Mule winding, effect of taper of spindle on

Mule winding, elevation of initial point of

Mule winding, mode of rotating quadrant screw

Mule winding, position of parts during

Mule winding, theory of

Mule winding, theory of action of quadrant arm

Mule, weft yarn

Mule, waste spinning

Neps, removal of

Nipper guard

Nipper, Dobson and Barlow’s

Nosing motion, Dobson and Barlow’s

Nosing motion, Platt’s

Nosing peg

Number of doublings in drawing

Number of persons employed

Number of roving machines for various counts

Number of spindles at work

Opening, conditions of, successful

Opening, mode of

Opening, object of

Opening machine, combination with mixing room

Opening machine, construction of dust trunks for

Opening machine, conveyance of cotton to

Opening machine, Crighton’s

Opening machine, Dobson and Barlow’s

Opening machine, distance between beater arms and grid

Opening machine, double fans in

Opening machine, essential features of

Opening machine, forms of

Opening machine, Lord Brothers’ combined

Opening machine, lubrication of footstep in

Opening machine, pitch of projections on grid

Opening machine, Platt’s

Opening machine, Platt’s improved dust trunks for

Opening machine, porcupine rollers for

Opening machine, porcupine position and speed of

Opening machine, porcupine used as feed

Opening machine, position of dust trunks

Opening machine, position of fans

Opening machine, production of Crighton

Opening machine, shape of grids

Opening machines, Taylor, Lang and Co.’s

Opening machines, velocity of beaters in

Opening machines, velocity of beaters in Lord’s

Operation of twist wheel in roving machine

Paley’s traverse motion

Parallelisation of fibres in carding

Persons employed

Pedal motion, Asa Lees

Pedal motion, Howard and Bullough’s

Pedal motion, Platt’s

Pedal motion, Lord’s

Pedal motion, operation of

Pedal motion, with rollers

Pinel. Lecoeur, and Hetherington’s combing machine

Pitch of drawing frame rollers

Plate wheel, action of

Plate wheel, driving of

Plate wheel, relative velocity of

Platt’s carding machine

Platt’s dust trunks

Platt’s flat grinding apparatus

Platt’s flexible bend setting

Platt’s full can stop motion

Platt’s inspection of carding setting

Platt’s mule

Platt’s opening machine

Platt’s scutching machine

Pneumatic conveyance of cotton

Polishing machines for thread

Porcupine rollers, construction of

Porcupine rollers, position and speed of

Porcupine rollers used as feed

Preparation of card fillets

Preparation of card slivers

Principles of flat grinding

Principles of mixing

Principles of setting card teeth

Principles of twisting

Production of mule spindles, 1835-90

Production, tables of mule

Production of polishing machines

Production of roving machines

Production of spooling machines

Productive power of machinery

Pugh’s under-clearer spring

Quick traverse winding machines, Brooks’

Quick traverse, Dobson and Barlow

Quick traverse, Hetherington’s

Reeling machines, construction of

Reeling machines, doffing motions

Reeling machines, formation of hanks on

Reeling machines, Guest and Brooks’ skeining motion

Reeling machines, seven lea motion

Ribbon lap machine

Rigidity of machine framing

Ring doubling machine, English system

Ring doubling machine, manufacture of thread on

Ring doubling machine, Scotch system

Ring spinning machine, angularity of roller brackets

Ring spinning machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving

Ring spinning machine, ballooning in

Ring spinning machine, balloon guards

Ring spinning machine, Bee spindle

Ring spinning machine, Bernhardt’s anti-balloon guide

Ring spinning machine, Booth Sawyer spindle

Ring spinning machine, centrifugal action of traveller

Ring spinning machine, common spindle

Ring spinning machine, construction of

Ring spinning machine, concentricity of ring and spindle

Ring spinning machine, Coulthard’s double ring

Ring spinning machine, definition of ring spinning

Ring spinning machine, diameter of rings

Ring spinning machine, diameter of front rollers

Ring spinning machine, differential drag of traveller

Ring spinning machine, Dobson Marsh spindle

Ring spinning machine, Dodd spindle

Ring spinning machine, early use of

Ring spinning machine, effect of weight of traveller

Ring spinning machine, elastic spindles

Ring spinning machine, form of travellers for bare spindles

Ring spinning machine, frictional resistance of traveller

Ring spinning machine, gauge of spindles

Ring spinning machine, Howard and Bullough’s weft

Ring spinning machine, influence of weight of traveller

Ring spinning machine, Lancaster’s system of weft

Ring spinning machine, lift of ring rail

Ring spinning machine, lift of spindles

Ring spinning machine, loss of twist in

Ring spinning machine, manufacture of rings

Ring spinning machine, Platt’s bare spindle

Ring spinning machine, Rabbeth spindle

Ring spinning machine, self-contained spindles

Ring spinning machine, spinning on bare spindles

Ring spinning machine, tables of production

Ring spinning machine, tables of power

Ring spinning machine, unsteady running spindles

Ring spinning machine, velocity of spindles

Ring spinning machine, Whitin gravity spindles

Rollers, bale breaker

Rollers, calender

Rollers, cloth pasting machine

Rollers, construction of

Rollers, covering machines for

Rollers, drawing frame

Rollers, ending machines for

Rollers, grinding

Rollers, grinding machines for finished

Rollers, grinding machine for skins

Rollers, inclination of teeth on

Rollers, jointing of

Rollers, pitch of centres of

Rollers, relieving motion for

Rollers, rolling machine for

Rollers, size of

Rollers, splicing machine for

Rollers, velocity of

Rollers, velocity of

Ropes, speed of driving

Rope driving

Rope driving for scutchers, Asa Lees’

Rope driving for scutchers, Platt’s

Roving machines, action of building motion

Roving machines, action of plate wheel

Roving machines, action of ratchet wheel

Roving machines, amount of lift

Roving machines, building motion for

Roving machines, clearers for

Roving machines, construction of

Roving machines, construction of building motion

Roving machines, construction of collars

Roving machines, construction of differential motion

Roving machines, construction of speed cones

Roving machines, construction of spindles

Roving machines, cone motion for

Roving machines, Curtis and Rhodes’ motion

Roving machines, definition of lead in

Roving machines, difference in bobbin and flyer leads

Roving machines, effect of winding in

Roving machines, effect of diminishing rod

Roving machines, effect of ratchet wheel change

Roving machines, Higgins’ bearing for spindles of

Roving machines, Howard and Bullough’s electric stop motion

Roving machines, jack frame

Roving machines, locking motion

Roving machines, Mason’s long collar

Roving machines, method of driving bobbins

Roving machines, method of giving lift

Roving machines, method of driving spindles and rollers

Roving machines, method of driving plate wheel

Roving machines, necessity for

Roving machines, necessity for retardation of bobbin

Roving machines, number employed

Roving machines, number of rollers in

Roving machines, object of building motion

Roving machines, object of creel

Roving machines, operation of twist wheel

Roving machines, Paley’s traverse motion

Roving machines, principles of reducing bobbin speed

Roving machines, principles of reducing flyer speed

Roving machines, twisting

Roving machines, winding

Roving machine, Pugh’s under-clearer for

Roving machine, pressers attachment of

Roving machine, reasons for bobbin lead

Roving machine, releasing motion

Roving machine, relation of strap and diminishing rod

Roving machine, relative velocity of plate wheel

Roving machine, reversal of lift

Roving machine, setting of spindles

Roving machine, shape of speed cones

Roving machine, shortening of lift in

Roving machine, size of rollers

Roving machine, spindle speeds

Roving machine, table of production

Roving machine, theory of action of differential motion

Roving machine, Tweedale’s differential motion

Roving machine, velocity of wheels

Roving machine, weighting of rollers

Scutching machine, Asa Lees’ pedal motion

Scutching machine, Asa Lees’ rope driving

Scutching machine, character of beater blow

Scutching machine, combinations of

Scutching machine combined with mixing

Scutching machine, conditions of successful working

Scutching machine, construction of air passages

Scutching machine, construction of beaters

Scutching machine, construction of feed rollers and pedals

Scutching machine, Crighton’s cages

Scutching machine, Crighton’s leaf extractor

Scutching machine, distance of dead plate from beater sheet

Scutching machine, Dobson and Barlow’s pedal motion

Scutching machine, doubling of laps in feeding

Scutching machine, draught of

Scutching machine, drawing action of rollers

Scutching machine, effect of dead plate on air current

Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s airbars

Scutching machine, Howard and Bullough’s pedal bowls

Scutching machine, importance of balancing beaters

Scutching machine, lap attachment

Scutching machine, lap feeding of

Scutching machine, lap even selvedge of

Scutching machine, lap weight and hank of

Scutching machine, Lord’s

Scutching machine, Lord’s piano feed

Scutching machine, number of workpeople required for

Scutching machine, object of

Scutching machine, operation of piano feed

Scutching machine, Platt’s dead plate

Scutching machine, Platt’s pedal motion

Scutching machine, Platt’s rope driving

Scutching machine, position of grids

Scutching machine, position of dead plate

Scutching machine, pulsations of beater

Scutching machine, setting of grid bars

Scutching machine, two or three winged beaters

Scutching machine, velocity of air current

Scutching machine, velocity of beaters

Scutching machine, velocity of cones

Sea Island cotton

Selvedges in carding

Selvedge, opener

Selvedge, scutcher

Setting brackets for rollers

Setting card covers

Setting card cylinders

Setting card pedestals

Setting, character of card

Setting, effect of Wellman flats

Setting flats

Setting flats, theory of

Setting flats, Wellman

Setting flexible bend

Setting licker-in and doffer

Setting mote knives

Setting, Platt’s inspection of

Setting teeth in clothing

Setting under casings

Seven lea motion

Shape of card teeth

Shortening lift in roving machines

Side grinding of card teeth

Side grinding, defects of

Side grinding, improved

Side grinding, striation of teeth by

Size of driving rollers

Size of driving ropes

Size of roving rollers

Skeining motion

Slivers, definition of

Slivers, doubling of

Slivers, doubling of

Slivers, cans for

Sliver lap machine

Slow motion, Sykes’

Slow motion, Hetherington’s

Slow motion, Brooks’

Slow motion, Knowles’

Slubbing machine

Slubs, production of

Speed cones, construction of

Speed cones, shape of

Speed of combing machine

Speed of belts and ropes

Speed of roving spindles

Spindles, comparative speed of

Spindles, construction of roving

Spindles, number at work

Spindles, setting of

Spooling machine

Spooling, production of

Standard Spinning Co’s Mill

Staple, definition of

Staple, effect in drawing

Starch pump

Steam engines, types of

Stop motion drawing frame

Stop motion winding frame

Stripping, method of

Table of production of roving frame

Table of production of mule

Table of production of ring frame

Tables of power for ring frame

Taylor Lang’s opening machine

Teeth, carding, setting of

Teeth, carding, licker in

Teeth, carding, principles of setting

Teeth, carding, side grinding

Testing flexible bend

Testing heel in flats

Theisen’s condenser

Theory of differential motion

Theory of mule winding

Transmission of power by belts

Transmission, loss in

Twist in yarn, rule

Twist wheel in roving frames

Under casings for carding machine

Under clearer for roving machine

Velocity of beater in opener

Velocity of beater in scutcher

Velocity of carding cylinders

Velocity of carding cylinders during grinding

Velocity of doffer

Velocity of doffer comb

Velocity of main driving belts

Velocity of main driving ropes

Velocity of porcupine cylinders

Velocity of rollers of drawing frame

Velocity of rollers of ring frame

Velocity of spindles in roving machines

Velocity of spindles in mule

Velocity of spindles in ring frame

Velocity of wheels in differential

Waste from combing machine

Wellman carding machine

Width of lap for combing machine

Whiteley’s clip

Whiteley’s fillet winding machine

Whiteley’s side-ground teeth

Willow, The

Workpeople employed in machine making

Wrap reel

Yarn, counts of

Yarn testers

John Heywood, Excelsior Printing and Bookbinding Works, Hulme Hall Road, Manchester.