Changes. In a mule the alteration of the motion of the various parts at the end of the outward and inward runs.

Chase. The extent of the traverse of the winding faller wire.

Cop. The spool of yarn formed on a mule.

Counts. The number of hanks of yarn in one pound weight.

Creel. A frame in which feed bobbins are placed.

Doffer. In carding, the drum removing the fleece from the cylinder; the person removing bobbins or cops from the spindles.

Doffing. The process of removing finished material from the machines.

Doubling. The combination of two or more laps, slivers, or threads; as a separate process the twisting together of strands of yarn.

Draught. The amount of attenuation of a lap or sliver.

Draw. The longitudinal traverse of a mule carriage.

Droppings. The impurities removed from cotton during opening or scutching.

End. One strand of sliver, roving, or yarn.

Fillet. A narrow strip of cloth.

Fly. The loose short fibres given off during spinning.

Gauge. The distance from centre to centre of spindles or rollers.

Governing. The regulation of the traverse of the quadrant nut.

Halching. The entanglement of the coils of yarn at a cop nose.

Hank. A length of 840 yards of yarn.

Lap. A rolled fleece of cotton.

Lea. One seventh of a complete hank.

Lead. The excess of the revolution of a bobbin, flyer, or traveller over each other.

Licking. The adhesion of cotton fibres to any surface.

Lift. The extent of the traverse of a guide eye or bobbin.

Motes. Fragments of broken seed or leaf.

Neps. Small knots or tangles of fibres.

Nose. The extreme upper point of a cop.

Piecing. The union of two ends of sliver, roving, or yarn.

Poker. The vertical rod sustaining a bobbin or ring rail.

Roller Laps. Coils of roving or yarn wrapped on rollers after breakage.

Roving. The attenuated and partially twisted sliver.

Selvedge. The edge of a lap or sliver.

Shaper. The mechanism by which the shape of a cop is determined.

Single. A length of sliver, roving, or yarn in which only one strand exists.

Skeining. The process of winding yarn into hanks.

Sliver. The attenuated fleece of cotton from carding or combing machine.

Slubbing. The sliver after having passed through the first roving machine.

Slubs. Thick pieces of cotton attached to or twisted into the yarn, caused by accumulation of fly.

Snarls. Small twisted loops of yarn.

Staple. The length of individual fibres in any grade of cotton.

Stretch. The longitudinal traverse of a mule carriage.

Stripping. Removing the imbedded impurities from card clothing.

Twist. The number of turns per inch in a thread or yarn; yarn used for warps.

Warp. Yarn forming the longitudinal threads in cloth.

Weft. Yarn forming the transverse threads in cloth.

Yarn. The fully twisted roving.