[Advertisement: Fred’k W. Devoe. James F. Drummond. J. Seaver Page. F. W. Devoe & Co. Cor. Fulton and William Streets, New York. Manufacturers of ARTISTS’ MATERIALS, DRAWING INSTRUMENTS, FINE BRUSHES, READY MIXED PAINTS AND VARNISHES. Fine Dry Colors for Lithographers. White and Tinted Hand-made Papers, Ingres, Crayon and Torchon, Gelatine Paper, Magnifying and Diminishing Glasses, Grained Papers for Process Drawing, Crayons, India Ink, Roulettes, etc., “Imperishable” Paste for Mounting Photographs. SUPPLIES FOR OIL PAINTING, WATER COLOR PAINTING, SKETCHING, PORCELAIN AND CHINA PAINTING, PASTEL PAINTING, MINIATURE PAINTING, CRAYON AND LEAD PENCIL DRAWING, ETCHING, CHROMO PHOTOGRAPHY, TAPESTRY PAINTING, TEXTILE DESIGNING, MODELING IN WAX AND CLAY, LUSTRE PAINTING, PEN AND INK DRAWING, REPOUSSÉ WORK, FRESCO AND SCENE PAINTING, MAKING WAX FLOWERS AND FRUIT, ETC. ETC. COFFIN, DEVOE & CO., Chicago, Ill. F. W. DEVOE & CO., Fulton St. cor. William, New York. Catalogues of our various departments to dealers, on application.]

[Advertisement: THE Huber Rotary Zincographic Press. This press was designed and is now in successful operation for printing from zinc plates the kind of work hitherto produced from stone in the lithographic press; and by reason of its continuous rotation many more impressions per hour can be produced than by the stone method. Colors are printed by it in perfect register and with no loss of brilliancy or change of the color. The advantages of the use of zinc plates are fully set forth in our circular No. 1, “Zincography” which will be mailed to lithographers on receipt of their address. To purchasers of the zincographic press, we give full instructions in zincography, and the chemical nature of the various preparations, etc., without extra charge. Harris & Jones, Sole Selling Agents, No. 31 Pearl Street, Providence, R. I.] [Advertisement: A. M. Collins Mfg. Co. No. 527 Arch Street PHILADELPHIA. Makers of all kinds of Cards required by Photographers.]

[Advertisement: ALLEN BROTHERS, DETROIT, MICH., Are Sole Agents for this Continent, for The Best Lenses in the World As well as the Cheapest, THE SUTER LENS. Price Lists and Testimonials Sent on Application. A complete supply in stock of every requisite for PHOTOGRAPHY, PHOTO-ENGRAVING, PHOTO-ETCHING, and PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHY.]

[Advertisement: CARBUTT’S DRY PLATES FOR ALL KINDS OF Photo-Mechanical Reproduction. STRIPPING PLATES for Photo-Gelatine Printing, Sensitometer 22, kept in stock, and made to order more or less sensitive when desired. STRIPPING PLATES, giving great contrast, for the Zinc-Etching Process, Sensitometer 14 to 16. PROCESS PLATE B, 14 to 16, capable of giving clear glass lines and great density in ground, for Photo-Engravers. FOR COPYING COLORS CARBUTT’S ORTHOCHROMATIC PLATES will be found the greatest improvement in Dry Plate making. They are kept in stock of Normal Sensitometer 22, but made to order more or less sensitive as may be required. They are used extensively by F. E. Ives, Philadelphia, and the Photo-Gravure Co., New York. “If I may venture the prediction, I think the history of photography for the next decade will be the history of orthochromatic work. Surely next to the production of the colors themselves, there is nothing to be desired so much as the rendering of the true values of these colors. I place the orthochromatic negative as the highest point yet attained in negative making, and as constituting the outcome to-day of that germ which was brought into being nearly one hundred years ago.”—Extract from Ernest Edwards’ article on “The Art of Making Photo-Gravures.” “With reference to the Orthochromatic Plates. The Photo-Gravure Co. is greatly pleased with its success in the use of your plates of this description. They enable us to obtain results which otherwise would be impossible, and to do work that otherwise we should have to decline, placing a great power in the hands of an intelligent operator....”—Ernest Edwards, for Photo-Gravure Co., Brooklyn, February 13, 1888. CARBUTT’S DRY PLATES can be obtained of all Dealers in Photo Materials, or direct from the KEYSTONE DRY PLATE WORKS, Wayne Junction, John Carbutt, Proprietor. PHILADELPHIA, PA. SEND FOR PRICE LIST]

[Advertisement: THE LATEST NOVELTY OUT. The New Magic Vignetter, (Illustration: Patented May 31st, 1887.) For producing the Popular Black Background or Ebony Photographs. Endorsed and in use by the Leading Photographers of the United States. No more trouble or expense than making plain photographs. It is easily attached to any camera by fastening it on the inside of the diaphragm of the box (as shown in the cut). The opening can be adjusted to the proper size by simply turning the thumb-screw. Focus and expose as usual. Every one guaranteed. PRICE, EACH, $8.00. For sale by all dealers in Photographic Goods. Sample photographs of work done with it furnished on application to H. A. HYATT, Sole Agent, Dealer in Photo Supplies of Every Description. N. E. Cor. Eighth and Locust Streets, ST. LOUIS, MO.] [Advertisement: THE AIR BRUSH. (Illustration: Medals: American Institute 1884, Franklin Institute 1885, Franklin Institute 1887.) The Brush applies dilute liquid pigment by a jet of air. To photographers producing large work, its use is especially recommended in place of crayon, and for water colors. With equal skill on the part of the artist, the work is accomplished with far more elegance, and with wonderful saving of time. The Brush will be sent upon trial. The Air Brush has been found one of the most useful helpers in Process Engraving that has ever been discovered. See instructions given in this book. For full description, terms, and any particulars desired, address, AIR BRUSH MANUFACTURING CO. 69 Nassau Street, ROCKFORD, ILL.]

[Advertisement: VIOLET Lightning Flash Compound, (BRUTUM FULMEN.) Pictures Made in the Darkness. Do not waste DRY PLATES trying to make NEGATIVES AT NIGHT WITH CHEAP, FROUZY MIXTURES. Use the best. Sure Pop. No Animal Charcoal. No Chlorate of Potash. No Acid. VIOLET LIGHTNING FLASH, the most powerful light under the sun. Price, Per Bottle, 75 Cents. Write for particulars and catalogue of all Photographic Materials. BUCHANAN, BROMLEY & CO., Manufacturers, PHILADELPHIA.] [Advertisement: THE GUNDLACH PHOTOGRAPHIC LENSES MANUFACTURED BY THE GUNDLACH OPTICAL CO., ROCHESTER, N. Y. ARE THE BEST IN THE WORLD FOR ALL KINDS OF Photo-Mechanical Work. Send for Descriptive Price List. For sale by dealers in Photo. Goods.]

[Advertisement: THE UNIVERSAL COPYING MACHINE COPIES PRINT, WRITING, TYPE-WRITING, WOOD-CUTS, LITHOGRAPHS, CRAYON DRAWINGS, PRINTED OR WRITTEN MUSIC, ETC. The original is written with our copying ink or with our ribbon, and then, by a simple and sure process, transferred to a plate, from which any number of copies can be taken. Print is transferred to the plate without spoiling the original, and then copied like writing. A great number of copies can be made from one original. As printer’s ink is used, all impressions are alike clear and legible, and can be of any color desired. The negitive can be kept for years, or it can be removed in a minute, and the plate used over and over again. This process has been awarded medals at recent exhibitions in different European cities, and is patented in Great Britain, Germany, France, Belgium and the United States. It is simple, cleanly, not liable to get out of order; can be used in any climate, and is not affected by the weather. Its importance to men of business, teachers in day and Sunday schools, photographers, musicians, and others, is obvious. The samples sent out are printed by ourselves, and on the Universal Copying Machine. Price of machine with outfit, plate 9 × 13-1/2 inches, legal-cap size, $20.00. Price, with process to copy print, etc., $5.00 extra. Ribbons for different type-writers, $1.00 each. Larger machines can be furnished, if desired; but this is a very convenient size. Samples of work sent free of charge.

Original printed spelling and grammar are generally retained, with a few exceptions noted below. A few missing full stops were supplied silently. The original page numbers are shown like this: {97}. The original pagination is screwy. The Introduction is on pp. xv–xvi, and then the next page is numbered 9. There are no pp. 1–8. Illustrations have been moved from within paragraphs to between. Blank pages, numbered or not, have been removed. Footnotes, all six, have been moved from within paragraphs to between paragraphs. Ditto marks have been removed, with text restructured as necessary to retain the original meaning. Similarly, large curly brackets used to tie together information on more than one line of text have been removed. The original Index employed white space to indicate words or phrases to be regarded as repeated from the text line above. This edition employs instead the Unicode character U2015 HORIZONTAL BAR —, one for each word to be repeated. The cover image was prepared by editing an image of the original cover, and is in the public domain.

Page 36. The left double quotation mark has no mate, but is retained as printed.

Page 73. The phrase “sheet of Bristol paper and are of pressing board” is retained as printed.

Page 84. The second at was removed from “strength of 2°BaumÉ at at a temperature”.

Page 103. Changed zince to zinc, in “take the zince plate”.

Page 134. Changed “throughly melted” to “thoroughly melted”.

Page 140. Changed “with a a glue roller” to “with a glue roller”.

Page 141. Changed “difcult to handle” to “difficult to handle”.

Page 182, entry Exposure. Changed “timeing” to “timing”. Likewise, on page 184, the entry Timeing was changed to Timing.