INDEX.

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A.

Ages of Faith,85

Alexander VI., election of, 214

receives Catherine as a prisoner courteously, 256

accuses her of conspiring to poison him, 257

his death, 262

Alphonso of Naples abdicates, 273

Ammirato, the historian, his mention of Catherine, 27

his account of Sforza's visit to Florence, 99

Antonio, the painter, anecdote of, 159

Apennines, travelling in, in the fifteenth century, 98

Auditor of ForlÌ, his doubts, 224

Avignon, restoration of the papacy from, 25

B.

Balatrone, C., servant of the Riarii, 257

Bargello of Imola, 232

his bargain with Catherine, ib.

Barlow, Dr. H. C., his letter on Fontebranda, 398

Bassi Antonio, scene at his death–bed, 129

Beatification, 9

Benincasa Giacomo, 6

Bentivoglio, Lord of Bologna, threatens the Forlivesi, 192

Bigazzi, Signor Pietro, 398407

Biographer's duty, 269

Bona, Duchess of Milan, 92

Bona Sforza, Duchess, her trousseau, 317

Bonaventura, Catherine of Siena's sister, miraculously punished, 36

Borghese family refuse to admit the relationship to them of St. Catherine, 88

Burlamacchi, father F., 18

C.

Calza, Compagnia della, at Venice, 113

Candles, blessed by the Pope, as a safeguard in travelling, 134

Cardona, Don Raymond di, reviews his army, 307

Carnesecchi, the martyr, 361

Carpi, Tommaso, Pope Alexander's chamberlain, 258

"Carte de tendre," in the sixteenth century, 340

Castellano, duties of, 208

Cataleptic nature of Catherine's ecstasies, 23

Catherine of Siena, her story puzzling, specially so from the recentness of its date, 2;

her home described, 7;

her bedchamber, 8;

her family, 19;

not well–looking, 20;

her travels, 24

her letters to Pope Urban, 27

her brothers made citizens of Florence, 29

did really restore the papacy to Rome, 30

legendary nature of her biography, 32

at five years old, 33

her early austerities, 34

her confessions, ib.

her fasting, 37

her communications with our Saviour, 38

earns to read by miracle, ib.

her marriage, 39

her renewed heart, ib.

her visions, 40

she is joked with by our Saviour, ib.

her charity to Christ in the disguise of a beggarman, 41

she converts sinners, 43

receives the stigmata, 47

ministers to the sick, 49

literary phase of her character, 51

her Dialogue of Divine Doctrine, ib.

her prayers, 54

her letters, 55

miraculously taught to write, 58

prayer by her in Tuscan verse, 62

writes reproof to the Pope, 65

her letter to Charles V. of France, 67

how far was she sincere, 77

her moral standard, 80

her great value to the Dominicans, 82

her influence still operative, 83

her strength of character, 85

her ambition, 86

Cervino, Cardinal, Vittoria Colonna's letter to, 389

Cesare Borgia, 241

appears before Imola, 247

makes triumphal entry into ForlÌ, 250

parleys with Catherine, 251

visits Catherine his prisoner, 254

Cesena, troops brought from, against ForlÌ, 192

Charles VIII. of France invades Italy, 217

abandons Naples, 274

death, 276

Charles V. visits Vittoria Colonna, 351

short–sighted in the matter of the Interim,136

anecdote of his reception by the Fuggers, 143

in winter quarters at Innspruck, 169

escapes to Villach, 170

Chattel property, importance of, in fifteenth century, 140

Christ appears to St. Catherine as a beggarman, 41

Clan, solidarity in medieval Italy, 227

Clare St., convent fire at, 297

Cobelli Leon, the chronicler, 144

Codronchi Innocenzio; the seneschal seizes the fort Ravaldino, 177

his strange conduct, 178

Colonna, protonotary, persecution of, 161

his tortures and death, 162

Colonna, Cardinal, plundered, 161

Colonna family, power, and wealth of, 279

persecuted by Alexander VI., 285

grants of land to them, 292

at war with Pope Clement, 330

Fabrizio, his political conduct, 290

his death, 319

Colonna Vittoria; her parents, 277

eldest child, and not youngest, as the biographers say, 278

betrothed to Pescara, 283

educated by Duchessa di Francavilla, ib.

her beauty, 288

presents received from, and made to her husband, 299

her marriage, 300

her honeymoon in Ischia, 301

her epistle to her husband, 304

continues childless, 306

educates the Marchese del Vasto, ib.

her life in Ischia, 312

sees her husband for the last time, 319

Varchi's character of her, 323

no trace of patriotic sentiment in her writings, 325

her widowhood, 328

retires to the convent of San Silvestro in Capite, 329

returns to Ischia, 330

character of her sonnets, 331

specimens of them, 332

her desire to die, 337

her idea of her husband's goodness, 338

what was the real nature of her sentiments towards her husband's memory, 339

her purity of character, 340

in Rome in 1530, 346

her rambles in Rome, ib.

her intimacies, 350

her religious poetry, 351

visited by Charles V., ib.

visits Lucca and Ferrara, ib.

her protestant tendencies, 352

welcomed to Ferrara by Ercole d'Este, ib.

thinks of visiting the Holy Land, 354

returns to Rome, ib.

submissive to the church, 361

her devotional sonnets, 369, et seq.

no moral sentiments in her poetry, 372

absence of all patriotic feeling in her sonnets, 376

arrives in Rome from Ferrara, 377

opinions of her poetry by contemporary critics, ib.

her influence with Paul III., 378

her friendship with Michael Angelo, ib.

goes to Orvieto, and returns to Rome, 382

question of her orthodoxy, 383

conversation with Michael Angelo, 387

at Viterbo, 388

her letter to Cervino, 389

returns for the last time to Rome, 390

Fracastoro consulted on her health, ib.

sorrows in her last days, 391

her death, ib.

Colours, favourite, in fifteenth century, 406

Confessional, Vittoria Colonna on, 365

Contarini, his mission, and hopes of reconciliation, 354

dedicates his work on Free Will to Vittoria Colonna, 378

Contile, Luca, his visit to Vittoria Colonna, 382

Convent–building, investment in, 172

Conversation in the fifteenth century, 384

Conversions operated by St. Catherine, 43

Corio, his history of Milan, 400

Corsi, Rinaldo, his commentary on Vittoria Colonna's poetry, 348

Costume, female, in fifteenth century, 401

Costume at Venice in the end of fifteenth century, 113

Crucifixion, sonnet on, by Vittoria Colonna, 374

Cuppani, L., copyist of Catherine's book of secrets, 264

Cynicism of Catherine, 267

Cynicism, singular instance of, 401

Cyprian dresses, 124

D.

Della Crusca, Academy of, approves of St. Catherine's style, 64

Despotism in Italy, its results, 239

Divine doctrine, book of, by St. Catherine, 51

specimen of, 53

Dominican Order, St. Catherine devoted to, 80

of important value to, 82, 87

Dominican monks, Catherine of Siena's special reverence for, 34

E.

Ecstasies of St. Catherine, 21

Ercolani Ludovico, Riano's butler, his faithful services after his master's murder, 182, et seq.

Ercole d'Este welcomes Vitt. Colonna to Ferrara, 352

Ernest of Saxony arrives in Rome, 131

honours shown him, 132

Executions in ForlÌ, 201

F.

Faith, justification by, doctrine of, why obnoxious to the Catholic Church, 359

Falsehood, St. Catherine guilty of, 79

Famine at Rome, A.D.1482, 155

Felony in ermine, 147

Feo, Tommaso, made Castellano of Ravaldino, 179

his speech to the insurgents, 190

turned out of his place, 209

Feo, Giacomo, 207 his marriage

with Catherine, 210

made Castellano, ib.

honours heaped on him, 211

made Baron by the French King, 220

his assassination, 221

Ferdinand of Naples, death, 273

Ferdinand II. of Naples, 274

his death, 293

Ferdinand of Spain, 275

his entry into Naples,295

Ferrara, Court of, 351

under its old Dukes, 33, et seq.

increase of, 35

noted for its learned men, 37

famine and pestilence in, 49

Calvin at, 72

Paul III's. visit to, 94

curious alteration in the level of the soil, 97

Finance difficulties of Catherine, 213

Fleet, Roman, blessing of the, 139

Florence employs Catherine as a negotiator, 26

Galeazzo Sforza'sjourney to, 97

at war with Pisa, 240

Fontebranda fountain,5

ForlÌ, city of, 127

gala on the arrival of the new sovereigns, 143

situated between two armies, 217

importance of the belligerents, 219

Forlivesi, maltreated by Borgia's soldiers, 251

Fortresses in Italian mediÆval cities, their importance, 196

Fracastoro, his letter on Vittoria Colonna's health, 390

Francavilla, Duchessa di, 283

Franciscans claim monopoly of the miracle of the stigmata, 48

Frederick of Aragon in Ischia, 294

Funeral of Giacomo Feo, 229

Furniture, household, value of, in fifteenth century, 406

G.

Gambara, Veronica, her estimate of Vittoria Colonna, 377

Gianantonio di Parma, anecdote of, 157

Giberto, Cardinal, invites Vitt. Colonna to Verona, 353

his letter to Cardinal Bembo, ib.

Giovanna d'Aragona, 346

Giovanni de' Medici, 235

his death, 237

Guicciardini, on the state of Italy in 1494, 90

his estimate of good times in Italy, 216

H.

Harford, Mr., his account of Vitt. Colonna's letter to Michael Angelo, 379

Haters, the Italians great, 238

Heart, Catherine of Siena's change of, 39

Hunting party near Rome, 133

I.

Imola, city of, 95

Influence, the secret, of St. Catherine, 83

Infessura Stefano, his chronicle, 399

Innocent VIII., will have nothing to do with the ForlÌ insurgents, 195

simoniacal election of, 170

Ischia, Isle of, early home of Vitt. Colonna, 286

Vitt. Colonna's life in, 312

knot of poets there, ib.

J.

Jesting, between our Saviour and St. Catherine, 40

Jew invited to settle in ForlÌ, 214

Journey, day for, indicated by the planets, 139

in the fifteenth century, 140

Jubilee at ForlÌ, 215

proceeds of, 216

Jubilee year, 1500, 293

Jurisprudence, mediÆval, specimen of, 259

K.

Knighthood inimical to patriotism, 291

L.

Lampugnani, G. A., assassin of the Duke, 117

Landriano, John Peter, 91

Lapa, St. Catherine's mother, her death, 45

Leon Cobelli, his fault and imprisonment, 207

his lamentations over the body of G. Feo, 223

Letters of St. Catherine, 55

no originals of them extant, 56

written during trance, 62

high reputation of these letters, 63

to Charles V. of France, 67

subject of that letter, 75

Literature, safe, for the millions, 17

Litta, his opinion of Catherine, 225

Litters for crossing the Apennines, 97

Lord of misrule in ForlÌ, 252

Lorenzo de' Medici, his reply to the insurgent Forlivesi, 193

Louis XII. of France, his proposal to Ferdinand of Spain, 276

Love–poetry of the sixteenth century, 344

Love, woman's, should not survive esteem, 342

Lucca, Protestant tendencies of, 352

Ludovico il Moro, 272

Luxury, increase of, 229

M.

Macchiavelli in ForlÌ, 244

Magnani, Bishop, his rule at ForlÌ, 154

Maimbourg's testimony to Catherine's influence in restoring the papacy to Rome, 29

Malatesta, Robert, death of, 155

suspicions respecting it, 156

Manfredi, Tadeo, lord of Imola, 95

Guidazzo, his son,96

Mansion family, an Italian noble's feeling about, 202

Mantellate of St. Domenico, 19

Mantua, Marchioness of, visits the Spanish army, 308

Manual for confessors, 49

Marino, description of, 280

Medals of Vitt. Colonna, 328

the last struck in her lifetime, 381

Michael Angelo, his friendship with Vitt. Colonna, 378

his disposition and temperament, ib.

influenced by Vitt. Colonna, 379

in the church of San Silvestro, 386

with Vitt. Colonna in her last moments, 391

present fate of papers and memorials left by, 409

Milan, wealth of, 90

Ministry to the sick, St. Catherine's, 49

Miracles recorded of St. Catherine, specimens only can be given, 33

miraculous conversions wrought by her, 45

of the stigmata, 47

many may be explained, 79

Molza, the poet, 346

Montano Cola and his pupils, 99

Morality of some of St. Catherine's actions, 49

low, in Vitt. Colonna's poetry, 373

Morone, minister of the Duke of Milan, 321

entrapped by Pescara, 324

Murate convent, 263

Muratori's testimony to her influence in restoring the papacy to Rome, 29

Mussis de Johannes, his curious chronicle of ancient Placentian manners, 401

N.

Naldi, Dionigi; Castellano at Imola, 247

Naples, cause of quarrel with Milan, 273

rapid changes of government, 275

finally falls under power of Spain, 277

New year's eve festival, 252

Nitre, bought for Florence in Pesaro, 246

O.

Ochino, Bernardino, 316

Olanda di Francesco, his record of conversations with Vitt. Colonna, 383, et seq.

Olgiato, G., assassin of the Duke, 117

his execution, 118

Oratory of divine love, 356

Ordelaffi, family of the, 127

conspiracies in favour of, 151

favoured by the Forlivesi, 152

Orsi, Ludovico, accomplice in Riario's murder, 183

Orsi, the father of the above, his experience of revolutions, 191

his palace razed, 201

he is put to death, 202

Orsi, Checco, his quarrel with Riario, 180

he murders Riario, 181

his reply to the Duke of Milan, 195

determines to murder Catherine's children, 198

fails, and quits ForlÌ, ib.

Orthodoxy of Vitt. Colonna, 375

Ottaviano Riario, general in the service of Florence, 244

Oudin, Father Casimir, his doubts as to St. Catherine's authorship, 52

P.

Pace, Pietro de, his adventure, 296

Pansecco, L., assassin of Riario, 182

Papal infallibility, doctrine of, dear to Italian minds, 367

Papire Masson, his high estimate of St. Catherine's letters, 65

Paradise, Catherine Sforza's, 231

difficulty of paying for it, ib.

Pasquinades on Cardinal Riario, 400

Passeri, the weaver, Neapolitan diarist, 408

Patriotism has no place in Vitt. Colonna's poetry, 376

Paul II., Pope, 102

Paul III. Pope, 349

creates several good cardinals, 350

makes war on the Colonnas, 381

his conduct respecting his son, ii. 42

his character, 79

waits in vain near Canossa for Charles V., 93

visits Ferrara, 94

his death, 114

Pazzi conspiracy, 135

Pescara, Ferdinand, Marquis of, 287

joins the army, 301

made prisoner, 303

complimented by Isabella of Aragon, ib.

his Dialogo d'amore, 304

his character, 309

anecdote of his cruelty, 310

last interview with his wife, 319

his cruelty, 320

his treachery and infamy, 321

his Spanish predilections, 325

rewarded for his infamy, 327

his death, ib.

Petrarchism in the sixteenth century, 343

Phoenix burning in Italy, 271

Piccolomini, Don Alfonso, his marriage, 315

Pio Nono, anecdote of, 89

Platonism of the sixteenth century, 339

Poland, King of, marriage festivities of, in Naples, 313

Pole, Cardinal, his influence on Vitt. Colonna, 388

Political intrigues in Italy, 1481, 146

Politics, Italian, in the fifteenth century, 93

Popes, good and bad, succeed in sets, 103

Pozzuoli, caverns of, 296

Prayers by St. Catherine, 54

Protestant tendencies of Vitt. Colonna, 352

Pyramus and Thisbe medal, 348

R.

Ravaldino, fortress of, at ForlÌ, 172

Ravenna, rout of, 303

Raymond of Capua, 9

becomes General of the Dominicans, 10

his Life of St. Catherine, 11

specimens of that work, 14

his proof of Catherine's miraculous powers, 22

his assertion of a miracle, 31

bequeathes two volumes of Catherine's letters, 57

his insincerity, 81

Reading, learned by Catherine of Siena, by miracle, 38

Reformers in Italy, 357

Renaissance, women of the, vi

little available as models for imitation, vii

wars of the, in Italy, ignoble in their nature, 291

Revolution, striking proneness to, in mediÆval Italian cities, 226

Riario, Girolamo, 106

made citizen of Rome, 127

invested with lordship of ForlÌ, ib.

made general of the Roman forces, 128

contriver of the Pazzi conspiracy, 136

his wealth, 141

his reasons for quitting Rome, 142

remits tax on corn, 144

his extensive architectural undertakings, 145, 172

his visit to Venice, 146

is dissatisfied with the results of it, 150

returns to Imola, 150

returns to Rome, 152

marches against the Neapolitans, 153

his savage conduct to the Protonotary Colonna, 161

in difficulty after the Pope's death, 167

returns to ForlÌ, 169

confirmed in his possessions and offices by Innocent VIII., 170

his difficult position, 171

finds himself a poor man, 172

has a hard life, 174

his dangerous illness, 176

his death, 181

Riario, Peter, Cardinal, his preferments, 105

his pomp, 107

his rivalry with Galeazzo Sforza, 107

his visit to Milan, 108

his visit to Venice, 112

his death, 114

his epitaph, 115

Riario family is founded, 166

present family, ancestor of, 173

Rohan, Cardinal de, anecdote of his death and burial, 156

Roman history, dangerous reading, 99, 117

Rome, life in, A.D. 1480–90, 128, 130

hunting party near, 133

life in, A.D. 1482, 155

riots in, 160

anarchy in, at the death of Pope Sixtus, 168

Rome's feudal dues, 241

Ronchi, G., assassin of Riario, 182

threatens Catherine, 187

Rose, Golden, to what English sovereigns sent, 405

Rosmini, his history of Milan, 400

S.

Sadoleto obtains a bull to prevent Vitt. Colonna from taking the veil, 329

St. Angelo, castle of, anecdote of an escape from, 157

Salt–tax occasions war between the Colonna and Paul III., 381

Salviati, Archbishop, hung at Florence, 135

Santi, Gismondo, murder of, 322

Santo Spirito, church of, burned down, 101

Savelli, Cardinal, invited to ForlÌ by the insurgents, 185

his interview with Catherine, 186

is duped by Catherine, 190

his reply to the Lord of Bologna, 192

finds himself in difficulty, 194

forges a bull, ib.

Schismatic Pope, important consequences of, 75

Secrets, Catherine's volume of wonderful, 264

Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, 91

his journey to Florence, 97

his pleasures, 109

his death, 117

his character, 119

Sforza, Catherine, born 91

legitimation of her, 95

projects of marriage, 95

accompanies her father to Florence, 97

negotiations for her marriage with Girolamo Sforza, 111

her marriage in danger, 116

her marriage, 121

her entry into Rome, 123

her personal appearance, ib.

her residence in Rome, 125

her influence with Sixtus IV., 126

whether guilty of the Pazzi conspiracy, 137

her three elder children, 138

her entry into ForlÌ, 142

her questionable happiness, 154

her energetic conduct after the Pope's death, 167

her younger children, 173

a helpful wife to her husband, 175

her character, 176

visits Milan, ib.

nurses her husband in his illness, 177

her night–ride to ForlÌ, 178

recovers possession of Ravaldino, 179

birth of her sixth child, 180

her first steps on learning the murder of her husband, 185

is imprisoned by the Orsi, 186

is threatened by the insurgents, 187

succeeds in obtaining permission to enter the castle, 189

her clemency, 199

her graciousness in the hour of triumph, 200

her virile energy, 204

marriage projected for her, 205

her anger thereat, 206

lures the Castellano out of Ravaldino, 209

orders a man to the rack for speaking of her marriage with Feo, 210

conduct to her children, 211

decides on allying herself with Naples, 219

breaks that alliance, ib.

conduct after the murder of Feo, 224

doubts as to her innocence of Feo's murder, 225

what she thanked God for, 226

her vengeance, 227

builds a new palace and gardens, 230

how she finds the money to pay for them, 232

her third marriage, 234

her posterity by this marriage, 236

her trade in soldiers, 240

deposed by Alexander VI., 241

her recruiting, 242

negotiations with Macchiavelli, 245

her conference with her subjects, 248

batters ForlÌ, 249

is taken prisoner, 253

taken to Rome, 255

accused of conspiracy to poison the Pope, 257

confined in St. Angelo, 260

released by interference of French king, 262

goes to Florence, ib.

retires to the Murate, ib.

her volume of wonderful secrets, 264

her moral and intellectual condition, 268

her death, 270

apocryphal story of, 407

Siena, description of, 3

Silvestro San, in Capite, Vitt. Colonna retires thither, 329

church of, party in, 385

Sixtus IV., Pope, 102

his lineage, 103

his character, 104

whether guilty of the Pazzi conspiracy, 136

his designs on Ferrara, 153

his fraudulent granaries, 155

his violence to the court of the Rota, 158

condemns a painter to death, 159

implacability towards the Colonna, 161

his despair at the conclusion of peace, 164

and death, 165

Sleep, St. Catherine's abstinence from, 78

Soldiers, trade in, by little princes of Italy, 240

Sonnets, theological, of Vitt. Colonna, 362, et seq.

character of, 332

specimen of Vitt. Colonna's, 333, et seq.

Stella, Catherine's sister, her marriage, 193

Stigmata, miracle of the, 47

T.

Tapestry belonging to Ferdinand I., 297

Tasso, Bernardo, his sonnet on the society in Ischia, 313

Taxation, unequal, 231

applied to give alms to ruined taxpayers, 233

Tiraboschi, his opinion of Vittoria's orthodoxy, 361

Tolentino, Francesco, governor of ForlÌ, 151

Toll–bars, Catherine's, 212

failure of them, 213

Torelli, Onorato,95

Trissino, Giangiorgio, letter to him from Vitt. Colonna, 353

Tyrants, occasional impotence of, 158

U.

Ughelli, Abate, his testimony to Catherine's influence, 29

V.

Valdez, Juan, reformer, 357

Varchi, Bened., his character of Vitt. Colonna, 323

Vasto, Marchese del, educated by Vitt. Colonna, 306

death of, 391

Venice, festivities at, 148

Verri, his history of Milan, 400

his sentiments on the assassination of Duke Sforza, 119

Vigne, delle, Pietro, 10

Virgin, sonnet to, by Vitt. Colonna, 375

Virgin della Bruna, carried from Naples to Rome, 294

Visconti, extinction of, in Milan, 91

Visconti, C., assassin of the Duke, 117

Visconti, Pietro, recent editor of Vitt. Colonna's works, 278

W.

Woman, her social position a test of civilisation, v

woman's love should not outlive esteem, 342

Works, good; what sort the church requires, 360

Writing, art of, miraculously acquired by St. Catherine, 58

Z.

Zocchejo, Melchior, Castellano of Ravaldino, his character, 177

his death, ib.

END OF VOLUME I.

BRADBURY AND EVANS, PRINTERS, WHITEFRIARS.

FOOTNOTES:

[2] Quetif et Echard, Script. Ord. PrÆd., tom. i. p. 679.

[3] "Eique coelitus datus est a confessionibus et divinorum secretorum conscius."—Quetif et Echard, Script. Ord. PrÆd., tom. i. p. 679.

[4] Among others, the writer refers to a life of St. Catherine, by Pietro Aretino. That most versatile of literary scamps did, indeed, write such a work; but it is the life of an altogether different St. Catherine!

[5] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 19.

[6] It may be noted for the unlearned reader, that, though catholic signifies universal, catha has no such sense.

[7] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 46.

[8] "Vi contentiate di farmi una grazia si grande."

[9] It may be just mentioned, for the benefit of the English reader, that the name Catherine, as may be seen from any dictionary, is derived from the Greek adjective signifying "pure."

[10] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 81.

[11] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 114.

[12] Ibid., vol. i. p. 153.

[13] That is, by the hand of her secretary; of which more anon.

[14] There is a letter from her to the war commissioners in Florence, written from Avignon, 28th of June, 1376, ten days after her arrival there, in which she speaks of an interview she had had with the Pope on this subject. It is the 197th letter of the collection.

[15] Ammirato, Istorie Fiorentine, vol. v. p. 130. Edit. Florence, 1824.

[16] The "otto della guerra;" a committee of eight, appointed to carry on the war.

[17] Ammirato, vol. v. p. 133.

[18] Muratori, Annali, ad ann. 1376.

[19] Hist. du grand Schis. d'Occid., lib. i. p. 11.

[20] Ughelli, Ital. Sacra, vol. i. col. 45.

[21] Burlamacchi, Epis., vol. i. p. 92.

[22] That is, not only of such things as have occurred since the last confession, but of all the sins of a lifetime.

[23] Supplement. di Script. Eccl., p. 649. Paris, 1686.

[24] Dialogo, etc. Op. di Son Cat., vol. iv. p. 30.

[25] The report of the investigation, which took place on occasion of her canonization, in 1411. This Caffarini was one of her disciples.

[26] This was the Beato Stefano Maconi, one of the amanuenses of the Saint.

[27] The Dialogue, of which an account has been given.

[28] The original is also printed at the end of the volume, for the examination of those who might think that the translation unfairly represented its merits.

[29] This phrase, "with the desire to see in you," occurs in the same position and construction in nearly every letter.

[30] I translate literally. The sense would seem to be, "or if it does so, it does so only," &c.

[31] It is curious to observe the mind perverted by the church doctrine of self-abnegation to such a point as to become incapable of seeing that human nature cannot be more Godlike than when it does justice "for its own natural pleasure."

[32] This phrase, "open the eye of your mind," occurs with wearisome repetition in Catherine's writings.

[33] The expression in the original is, "lie over their heads."

[34] That is to say, whom they pretended to have elected, in order to quiet the populace, who insisted on having a Roman Pope. They did elect the Archbishop of Bari; but gave out that they had elected the Cardinal of St. Peter, intending that to be believed only till they could leave the Conclave and get into safety.

[35] The favours, that is to say, begged of Urban, who of course could grant none such, if he were not Pope. It is in truth clear enough, that the excuses of those Cardinals who deserted the party of Urban, were mere afterthoughts. They deemed him truly enough elected, till they found that they had given themselves a severer master than they had reckoned on.

[36] The construction of this sentence is defective in the original; "truth" in the singular being the nominative case to the two verbs, which are in the plural, as if governed by "servants of God."

[37] The Saint is wrong here, in matter of fact. More than one recognised saint was of the party of Clement, afterwards definitively judged by the Church to have been an anti-Pope. Burlamacchi is sadly gravelled by this awkward fact, and labours hard in his note on the passage to show that the saints of Clement's party were not warm partisans in his favour; but if our saint is right, they must have been damned.

[38] The context would seem to require "ye" in place of "we" here. I translate the phrase as I find it. Burlamacchi has no remark on the passage.

[39] She alludes to the Sorbonne.

[40] That is, the French cardinals, who took part against Urban. It should seem as if some such phrase as "tolerate them" were left out after the words "otherwise not."

[41] Burlamacchi remarks, that this passage seems to indicate that Catherine had an intention of going to Paris.

[42] This last phrase forms the conclusion of every one of the Saint's letters.

[43] Lib. i. cap. i.

[44] Vita di Caterina Sforza, dall'Abate Antonio Burriel, 3 vols. 4to. Bologna, 1795. Burriel was a Spanish priest; and his work, which I shall frequently have occasion to quote, is not deficient in research and painstaking, though it is the production of a thorough-going partisan, and one perfectly imbued with the opinion, that not only kings, but all royal and noble persons, whether mitred or coroneted, can do no wrong.

[45] Guicciardini, lib. i. cap. i.

[46] Burriel, lib. i. cap. i.

[47] Corio, Historia di Milano, ad ann. 1471.

[48] Verri, Storia di Milano, cap. xviii. Corio, all'anno 1471. Rosmini, Istoria di Milano, vol. iii. p. 19. This learned, accurate, and trustworthy History of Milan, was printed in that city in four vols. 4to, 1820.

[49] Burriel, vol. i. p. 27.

[50] Ammirato, Istorie Fiorentine, lib. xxiii., Gonf. 1079.

[51] Ammirato, lib. xxiii., Gonf. 1006.

[53] Du Plessis Mornai, MystÈre d'IniquitÉ, p. 555, et seq.

[54] Article sixte iv.

[55] Corio, the contemporary annalist of Milan, writes: "Hebbe due che egli chiamava Nipoti."—Istor. Mil. p. 974. "Secundo che ciascuno credeva, erano suoi figliÚoli."—Machiavelli, St. lib. vii.

[56] Papiensis Cardinalis Epis., 548. Diario di Ste. Infissura, p. 1144.

[59] Gioviano Pontano, in the first chapter of his book, "De Splendore."

[60] Burriel, lib. i. cap. iii. p. 21.

[61] VitÆ Pontif. et Card. in vita Petri, "sublimes spiritus et imperio idoneos induit."

[62] Ferrario, Costumiere, vol. viii. p. 314.

[63] Infessura says, without intimating any doubt, "fu atossicato,"—"he was poisoned," but he does not say by whom. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1144.

[64] Ist. Mil., p. 976.

[66] Rosmini, vol. iii. p. 34.

[67] Verri, Ist. Mil., chap. xviii.

[69] "Questo mondo È dei solleciti."

[70] Filippo da Bergamo: "Est quippe hÆc Catarina inter mulieres nostri sÆculi formosissima, et eleganti aspectu, ac per omnes corporis artus mirificÈ ornata est." Bernardi, her personal attendant for many years, writes that she was "molto formosa del suo corpo."

[71] Paolo Bonoli, Storia di ForlÌ, 2 vols. 1826; vol. ii. p. 211.

[72] Cardinal Bibbiena to Giuliano de Medici.

[74] Clement XII., A.D. 1730.

[75] Paul III., A.D. 1534.

[76] Vita di Catarina, lib. i. chap. iv. p. 31.

[77] Bernardi. p. 429.

[78] Infessura, apud Muratori, tom. iii. part ii. p. 1146.

[79] Rer. Ital. Scrip. Muratori, tom. xxiii. p. 111.

[80] Ap. Muratori, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 112.

[81] Jacobus Volaterranus, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 109.

[82] Jac. Volat, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 104.

[85] Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. iii. par. ii. p. 1146.

[86] Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom, xxiii. p. 137.

[87] Bonoli, p. 213.

[88] Jac. Volter., Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 140.

[89] Burriel, p. 50.

[90] Jac. Volter., Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 140.

[91] Burriel, p. 51.

[92] Vecchiazzani, Historia di Forlimpopoli (Rimini, 1647), vol. ii. p. 153; Bonoli, Storia di ForlÌ, p. 210.

[93] Bonoli, p. 213; Burriel, p. 54.

[94] Burriel, p. 52.

[95] Alberghetti, Storia della CittÀ d'Imola, p. 251.

[96] Burriel, p. 55.

[97] Burriel, p. 75.

[98] Rer. Ital. Script., tom., xxiii. p. 242.

[99] Printed by Fabroni, in his life of Lorenzo, from the original in the Florentine archives.

[101] Burriel, p. 103.

[102] Il Notario di Nantiporto. Ap. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.

[103] Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.

[104] Not. di Nantiporto. Ap. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.

[105] Notario di Nantiporto. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1087.—Infessura, same volume, p. 1178.

[107] Notario di Nantiporto. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii p. 2, p. 1084.

[108] Infessura, tom. iii., por. ii. p. 1163.

[109] Tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1170.

[110] 12th of August, 1484.

[111] Infessura, tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1185.

[112] Burriel, p. 121.

[113] Burriel, p. 137.

[114] Burriel, p. 169.

[115] Marchesi, Storia di ForlÌ, lib. ix. p. 554.

[116] Bernardi, Lastri ForlÌvesi, p. 117.

[117] Burriel, p. 174.

[118] Burriel, p. 239; Bonoli, p. 235; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 164; Alberghetti, p. 254; Infessura apud Murat., tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1219.

[119] For the account of the following interesting passages of Catherine's life, the authorities are Burriel, lib. ii. cap. v. vi. vii.; Alberghetti, p. 255, et seq.; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 164, et seq.; and Bonoli, lib. x. The last is on this occasion the best, and has been chiefly followed in the text.

[121] Burriel, p. 430; Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 260.

[122] Burriel, p. 431.

[123] Burriel, p. 450.

[124] Burriel, p. 446.

[125] Burriel, lib. ii. cap. xviii.

[126] Burriel, p. 492.

[127] Guicciardini, lib. i.; Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 270.

[128] Burriel, p. 579.

[129] Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 274; Burriel, p. 579; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 187.

[130] Cobelli, p. 277.

[132] Burriel, p. 582.

[133] Litta. Famig. de' Medici.

[134] Burriel, lib. iii. chap. ii.

[135] Burriel, p. 629.

[136] Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 277.

[137] Burriel, p. 673.

[138] Opere di Macchiavelli. Italia. 1813, vol. vi. p. 7.

[139] Burriel, p. 725.

[140] Burriel, p. 760.

[141] Bernardi, p. 410.

[142] Burriel, p. 783.

[143] Burriel, p. 817.

[144] Fabio Oliva.

[145] Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 203.

[146] Burriel, p. 823.

[147] Girlhood of Cat. de' Medici, cap. 10.

[149] Storia di Nap., lib, i. cap. 1.

[150] He speaks, indeed, (p. 236) of Sciarra as a brother of Ascanio: adding, that he was illegitimate.

[151] Coppi, Mem. Col., p. 269.

[152] Which is the truly wonderful assertion of M. le Fevre Deumier, in his little volume entitled "Vittoria Colonna;" Paris, 1856, p. 7.

[153] As it would appear they must have been, from the dates given above to show that Vittoria must have been their first child.

[154] Coppi Mem. Col., p. 228.

[155] Coppi. Mem. Col., p. 243.

[156] Book v. chap. ii.

[157] Book xvii. chaps. iii. and iv.

[158] Giovio, Vita del Mar. di Pescara, Venice, 1557, p. 14.

[159] Visconti, Rimi di Vit. Col., p. 39. See portrait prefixed to this volume.

[160] Coppi, Mem. Col., p. 249.

[162] Passeri, p. 122.

[163] Passeri, p. 126.

[164] Passeri, p. 146.

[165] Passeri, p. 151.

[166] Passeri, p. 152.

[167] Passeri, p. 162.

[168] Giovio, Bp. of Como, Life of Pescara, book i.

[169] Filocalo, MS. Life of Pescara, cited by Visconti, p. lxxxii.

[170] Giovio, lib. i.

[171] Visconti, p. 77.

[172] Passeri, p. 197.

[173] Passeri, p. 326.

[174] Passeri, p. 234.

[176] Ist. Ital., lib. xvi. cap. 4.

[177] Varchi, Storia Fiorentina, vol. i. p. 88, edit. Firenze, 1843.

[178] Varchi, p. 89.

[179] Lettere de Principi, vol. i. p. 87. See Letters from Giberto to Gismondo Santo, and to Domenico Sanli.

[180] Storia, lib. xvii. chap. iv.

[181] Guicciardini, lib. xvii. chap. iv.

[182] Vita, lib. i.

[183] Contemporary copy of the Act of Accusation, cited by Visconti, p. ci.

[185] See advertisement "ai lettori" of Rinaldo's Corso's edition of the sonnet. Venice, 1558.

[186] Madame Lamaze, Études sur Trois Femmes CelÈbres; Paris, 1848, p. 41.

[187] Lettere di Bembo vol. i. p. 115, ed. 1560.

[188] Edit., Serassi pp. 14, 15, 37, 40.

[189] Mem. per la St. di Ferrara. di Antonio Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 333.

[190] Vita., p. cxiii.

[191] Letter dated 11th September 1537, from Bembo's Correspondence cited by Visconti, p. cxv.

[192] Visconti, p. cxiv.

[193] Visconti, p. cxvi.

[194] He left Rome 11th November, 1538. Letter from Contarini to Pole, cited by Ranke. Austin's transl., vol. i. p. 152.

[195] Caracciolo, Vita di Paolo 4, MS. Ranke, Popes, vol. i. p. 136, edit. cit.

[196] Ranke. ed. cit., vol. i. p. 217.

[197] Ed. cit., vol. i. p. 138.

[198] Bembo, Opere, vol. iii. p. 65.

[199] Opere, ed. Ven., p. 164.

[200] Annales, ad. ann. 1540.

[201] Visconti, p. 123.

[202] See Harford's Michael Angelo, vol. ii. p. 148, et seq.

[204] Harford's Michael Angelo, vol. ii. p. 158.

[205] Coppi. Mem. Col., p. 306.

[206] Especially Adriani, Storia di suoi tempi.

[207] Visconti, p. cxxvii.

[208] Contile, Lettere, p. 19; Venice, 1564.

[210] Visconti, p. cxxxi. Printed also by Tiraboschi, vol. 7.

[212] Lettere del Tolomei. Venezia, 1578.

[213] Visconti, p. cxxxiv.

[214] Condivi. Vita.

[215] See also, in support of the view taken in the text, "Historia di Forlimpopoli, di Matteo Vecchiazzani." Forlimpopoli, 1647. Page 140. Also, "Compendio della Storia della CittÀ d'Imola; da Giuseppe Alberghetti." Imola, 1810. Page 248–9.

[216] The words in the original are "paludamentum" and "soccam" on neither of which does Ducange throw any satisfactory light.

[217] Anne Boleyn, whom Rome always deems to have been the sole cause of England's heresy.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

—Plain text and punctuation errors fixed.

—The index in this e-book was not present in the original book, it has been copied from the second volume.

—Cover image produced by transcriber and placed in public domain.





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