[1]Robertson Smith, Religion of the Semites (Edin. 1889), p. 84.
[2]Goblet d’Alviella, The Migration of Symbols (London, 1894), p. 119.
[3]Op. cit. chap. iv.
[4]J. Menant, Les Pierres gravÉes de la Haute-Asie (Paris, 1886), Part II. p. 63.
[5]Les Origines de l’Histoire (Paris, 1888), vol. i. p. 88.
[6]A. H. Sayce, Religion of the Ancient Babylonians (London, 1887), Lect. IV.
[7]Robertson Smith, op. cit. p. 169.
[8]Cf. Ex. xxxiv. 13; Deut. vii. 5, xii. 3, xvi. 21; Judges iii. 7, vi. 25; 1 Kings xiv. 15; 2 Kings xvii. 16; cf. also Isaiah i. 29, lxv. 3, lxvi. 17.
[9]Robertson Smith, op. cit. p. 172.
[10]Eusebius, Praepar. Evang., lib. i. cap. 10.
[11]Goblet d’Alviella, op. cit. p. 125.
[12]Ezek. xli. 18.
[13]1 Kings vi. 29-35.
[14]G. Maspero, The Dawn of Civilisation (London, 1894), p. 122.
[15]Slatin Pasha, Fire and Sword in the Sudan (London, 1896), p. 114.
[16]J. G. Frazer, The Golden Bough (London, 1890), vol. i. p. 60.
[17]Duff Macdonald, Africana (London, 1882), vol. i. p. 60.
[18]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 307.
[19]A. H. Sayce, op. cit. p. 238.
[20]Encyclop. Brit., 9th edition, vol. xviii. p. 850.
[21]Isis et Osiris, 46.
[22]Lajard, Le Culte du cyprÈs pyramidal (1845), p. 148.
[23]Sir. W. Ouseley, Travels (London, 1819), vol. iii. p. 83.
[24]Herodotus, vii. 31.
[25]R. Folkard, Plant-lore, Legends, and Lyrics (London, 1892), p. 239.
[26]M. D. Conway, Demonology and Devil-lore (London, 1879), vol. i. p. 299.
[27]Quintus Curtius, De Gestis Alex. viii. 33.
[28]Folkard, op. cit. p. 4.
[29]Goblet d’Alviella, op. cit. p. 130.
[30]Murray’s Handbook for Japan (London, 1884), p. 66.
[31]E. B. Tylor, Primitive Culture (London, 1871), vol. ii. pp. 196, 198.
[32]Goblet d’Alviella, op. cit. p. 131.
[33]MÜller, Amerikanische Urreligionen (Basel, 1855), p. 494.
[34]E. B. Tylor, Anahuac (London, 1861), pp. 215, 265.
[35]Carl BÖtticher, Der Baumkultus der Hellenen (Berlin, 1856).
[36]L. R. Farnell, The Cults of the Greek States (Oxford, 1896), vol. i. p. 14.
[37]Arthur Evans, in the anthropological section of the British Association, Times, 23rd Sept. 1896.
[38]Jacob Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie (GÖttingen, 1844), vol. i. p. 60.
[39]Der Baumkultus der Germanen und ihrer NachbarstÄmme (Berlin, 1875); Antike Wald- und Feldkulte (Berlin, 1877). These volumes will be referred to as Mannhardt I. and II.
[40]A. Castren, Ethnologische Vorlesungen (St. Petersburg, 1857), p. 141.
[41]Boecler, Der Esthen aberglÄubische GebrÄuche, etc. (St. Petersburg, 1854), quoted in Fergusson’s Tree and Serpent Worship.
[167]Ibid. vii. 4, 4; viii. 23, 4.
[168]Servius ad Virgil. Aeneid, iii. 91.
[169]BÖtticher, op. cit. p. 338.
[170]Metamorphoses, ii. 346-366, translated by Henry King (London, 1871).
[171]Metamorphoses, viii. 711-724. The story is told by Lelex of Troezene at a feast given to Theseus by Achelous, the river-god.
[172]Bion, Idyl. i. 63.
[173]Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act ii. Sc. 2.
[174]Folkard, op. cit. p. 268.
[175]Ibid. p. 389.
[176]Percy’s Reliques.
[177]Old-World Japan, p. 115.
[178]Folkard, op. cit. p. 274.
[179]Folkard, op. cit. p. 325.
[180]Old-World Japan, p. 127.
[181]Op. cit. vol. ii. p. 786.
[182]Frazer, op. cit. vol. ii. p. 328.
[183]Selections from the Talmud (London, 1889), p. 318.
[184]Moore’s Life of Lord Byron, vol. i. p. 101.
[185]Mannhardt I. p. 32.
[186]Ibid. p. 53.
[187]Ibid. p. 182.
[188]Pliny, Hist. Nat. lib. xvi. 27.
[189]Tacitus, Annal. xiii. 58.
[190]Pliny, op. cit. lib. xv. 36.
[191]The late General Gordon, in Times for 5th January 1885.
[192]Goblet d’Alviella, op. cit. p. 142.
[193]Farnell, op. cit. vol. ii. p. 695.
[194]J. Menant, op. cit. vol. i. p. 220.
[195]Ibid. vol. i. p. 170 et seq.
[196]Goblet d’Alviella, op. cit. p. 145 et seq.
[197]Lajard, op. cit. Pl. i.
[198]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 70.
[199]Mannhardt I. p. 222.
[200]Ibid. p. 46.
[201]Virgil, Georg. ii. 291; Servius ad Virgil. Aeneid, iv. 446.
[202]Robertson Smith, op. cit. p. 169.
[203]Pausanias, x. 5, 3.
[204]Encyclop. Brit., 9th edition, vol. xvii. p. 808.
[205]Sayce, op. cit. p. 241.
[206]Ibid. p. 240.
[207]Robertson Smith, op. cit. p. 179.
[208]2 Samuel v. 24.
[209]Hosea iv. 12 (R. V.).
[210]Odyssey, xiv. 327.
[211]Scholiast on Sophocles, Trachiniae 1169.
[212]Herodotus, ii. 52, 57.
[332]Mannhardt I. p. 315.
[333]Mannhardt I. p. 160.
[334]Camden, quoted in Brand’s Antiquities, vol. i. p. 227.
[335]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 78.
[336]Ibid. p. 77.
[337]Mannhardt II. p. 212.
[338]Ibid. p. 214.
[339]BÖtticher, op. cit. p. 393.
[340]Knights, v. 729.
[341]Wasps, v. 398.
[342]Plutus, v. 1054.
[343]Mannhardt II. p. 257.
[344]Aeneas Sylvius, Opera (Bale, 1571), p. 418.
[345]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 73.
[346]Ibid. p. 74.
[347]Mannhardt I. p. 167.
[348]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 100.
[349]Farnell, op. cit. vol. i. pp. 185, 189.
[350]Mannhardt I. p. 169.
[351]Mannhardt I. p. 174.
[352]Ibid. p. 218.
[353]Mannhardt I. p. 315.
[354]Ibid. p. 313.
[355]Mannhardt I. pp. 341 et seq.
[356]Brand’s Antiquities, vol. i. pp. 253-261.
[357]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 240.
[358]Mannhardt I. p. 360.
[359]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 241.
[360]Frazer, op. cit. vol. i. p. 242.
[361]Ibid. vol. i. p. 243.
[362]Mannhardt I. p. 523.
[363]Alexander Tille, Die Geschichte der Deutschen Weihnacht (Leipzig, 1893).
[364]Ibid. p. 2.
[365]J. G. Frazer in Encyclop. Brit., 9th edition, vol. xxi. p. 321.
[366]W. Stukeley, Medallic History of Carausius (1757-59), vol. ii. pp. 163, 164.
[367]Brand’s Antiquities, vol. i. p. 520.
[368]Ibid. pp. 519, 521.
[369]Mannhardt I. p. 240.
[370]Ibid. p. 238.
[371]Tille, op. cit. p. 264.
[372]Goethe, Die Leiden des jungen Werthers (Am 20 December).
[373]Schiller und Lotte (Stuttgart, 1856), p. 574.
[374]Tille, op. cit. p. 258.
[375]Ibid. p. 259.
[376]Tille, op. cit. chap. viii.
[377]Tille, op. cit. p. 220.
[378]Ibid. p. 221.
