Most of the subjects which have been treated in this book fall under the heading of physical geography, and therefore we may begin these notes by recommending two large works of reference on this subject. Salisbury’s Physiography (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1907, $3.50 net) is the most comprehensive work on the subject in English. In French there is an admirable book by E. de Martonne, TraitÉ de GÉographie Physique (Paris: Armand Colin, 1909, price 22 fr.), to be especially recommended for its beautiful plates and diagrams, and for its copious references.

For the subjects treated in the individual chapters the following, among others, may be consulted. Suess’s book translated as The Face of the Earth (Oxford: Clarendon Press, still in course of publication, price £4 net) is the classical book on earth structure and relief, and has stimulated research enormously, but it is not easy to read. For climatology the classical book is Hann’s Handbuch, of which the general part has been translated by Ward as Handbook of Climatology (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1903, price 12s. 6d.). For plant geography reference should be made to Schimper’s Plant Geography, translated by Fisher (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903, price 42s. net), which is again the classical treatise, and the basis of most of the later work. For the races of Europe we have in W. Z. Ripley’s Races of Europe (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, TrÜbner & Co., 1900, price 18s. net) a most interesting book, not difficult and full of most instructive diagrams. Another aspect of the same subject is treated in Sergi’s The Mediterranean Race (Contemporary Science Series, London: Walter Scott, 1901, price 6s.), but this is very controversial in tone. For the work of ice, the most important book is Die Alpen im Eiszeitalter by A. Penck and G. BrÜckner (Leipzig: Tauchnitz, 1909, price 55 marks), but the line of reasoning followed in it does not convince all geographers, and the subject is still fiercely debated.

Turning now to more general aspects of the subject we have in The International Geography, edited by H. R. Mill, and written by many authors (now published by Macmillan, London—new edition 1907, price 12s. net; also published in parts for school use), a most comprehensive and authoritative work, which includes the whole globe in its survey, and has also general chapters on various aspects of geography. It is, however, a difficult book, intended for study rather than for general reading, and is very much condensed. A book which, though dealing only with a very limited region, yet contrives in discussing that area to give the essentials of modern geographical science, is Mackinder’s Britain and the British Seas (second edition. 1907. Oxford: Clarendon Press, price 7s. 6d.).

It should be in all geographical libraries.

As commercial geography is one of the sides from which geography appeals most strongly to the general reader, we may note that the classic is G. G. Chisholm’s Handbook of Commercial Geography (New York: Longmans, Green & Co., price $4.80 net). First published in 1889 it is brought up to date in successive editions, and is full of interest for the general public as well as for the geographer. In the same connection we may note J. G. Bartholomew’s admirable Atlas of the World’s Commerce (London: George Newnes, 1907, price 10s. 6d.), which is of great assistance in studying the subject owing to its very clear maps and diagrams. A smaller and cheaper work by the same author is A School Economic Atlas (Oxford: University Press, 1910, price 2s. 6d. net).

There are an enormous number of small books on geographical subjects, for these as well as for others reference may be made to a useful little volume called Guide to Geographical Books and Appliances, which is compiled by members of the Geographical Association (London: Geo. Philip, 1910, price 5s.). This is especially intended for teachers, but gives full descriptions, with critical notes, of a great number of books. To the list given there we may add one book which, though intended for school use, may be noted as containing a great deal of information of the kind which is just beginning to find its way into the smaller text-books. This is Unstead and Taylor’s General and Regional Geography for Students (London: Geo. Philip, 1910, price 6s.). An excellent practical book is Simmons and Richardson’s Introduction to Practical Geography (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1907, price 90 cts.).

Finally, we may note that the Geographical Journal, published monthly by the Royal Geographical Society in London, and the Scottish Geographical Magazine, published monthly by the Royal Scottish Geographical Society in Edinburgh, both give reviews and accounts of all important geographical books, as they appear, with abstracts of important articles and papers, as well as publishing original papers. Both are obtainable at most libraries.