  Aaron’s rod, 386 Aberystwith, 77 Abingdon fair, 250 Abinger, 273 Abjuratio Regni, 168, ff. Acre, 408 Adscriptio GlebÆ, 261 Adventure seekers, 181, 200, 406, 419 Agincourt, 244 Alchemists, 335 Aldenby, Agnes of, 155 Aleaume, St., of Burgos, 344 Ale, of various sorts, 251 Alehouses, 17, 133 ff., 136 ff. Alexander, romance of, 195, 199 Aliand, W., 434 Alreton, 126 Amadas, romance of, 196 “Amants Magnifiques,” MoliÈre’s les, 336 Amiens, 118, relics at, 365, 371 Amundeville, John d’, 166 Ampilforde, Th., a mason, 54 ff. Anchorites, 142 “Ancient Mariner,” 148 Andover, 250 Angerville, Richard d’, or de Bury, 324, 440 Anglure, Ogier VIII, lord of, his journey to Palestine, 389, 405, 409, 413 ff., to Egypt, 415 Anglure-sur-Aube, 415, 417, 418 Animals, performing, 217 Anne of Bohemia, Queen, 229 Anson, major, 233 Anthony, St., 415 Appleton, friar W. de, a physician, 187 Apprentices, in sanctuary, 170 ff. Apulia, 184 Archers, the King’s, 104 Ardennes, forest of, 184 Arewe, J. S., a crossbowman, 65 Aristotle, 10 Armenians, 395 Articles of the Eyre, 120 Articles of the View, 112 Arundel, Archbishop Thos., 20, 134, 321, on pilgrimages, 359 ff.; 439 Ascham, Roger, 347 Asses, the usual mount in Palestine, 413 Assisi, 293 Aswardeby, 429 Aufrike, i.e. Mahdia, 398 ff. Aumbresbury, 197 Auray, battle of, 339 Austria, Albert IV, Duke of, 405 Avenel, Viscount d’, on travelling in France, 86, 126, 202, 229, 389 Avon, bridges on the, 53 ff., 79 Avranches, 352 Aylesbury, 81 Ayremynne, Rich. de, 118 Bacon, Francis, 173, on friars, 311 Bacon, Roger, 295 Bajazet, 398 Baker, John le, M.P., 264 Baker, Oliver, 14 Ball, John, 19, 20, 212, 215, 285, his views, 286 ff., Froissart and 289; 290, 293 Ball, W. W. R., 129 Barbers, company of, 189 Barclay, Alexander, 123 Bardi, the, 232 Barking, Abbess of, 40 Barncastle, 54 Bateman, S., 122 Bath, 30 Battle Abbey, 121 Bears and bearwards, 18, 206, 216, 222, 236 Beauty powder, 192 Becket, Thos., 349 ff.; see Thomas, St. Bedford Bridge, 60 BÉdier, Joseph, 202, on pilgrimages, 344; 387 Beds, 125 ff. Beggars, blind, 18, 182; 19, 20, 181, students as, 236, 276; 252, labourers as, 269 ff., to cease wandering, 275, friars as, 294, 302 Belleforest, F. de, 49 Belloc, Hilaire, 352 Bernard, a Fr. monk, 409 Berri, Duke de, 231 Berwick, 65 ff. Beverley, sanctuary at, 159, 163 ff., its minstrels, 206, 211; 347, 426 Billingham, 36 Billings, R. W., 159 Birch, de Gray, 60 Birmingham, 39 Bishops, travelling, 115 Blackburn, 39 Blackheath, 212 BligniÈres, A. de, 17 Blythebury, 151 Boccaccio, his fralipolla, 322, 327 ff. Bodenho, John de, 60 Bohemia, 252 Bohun, Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, 340, 394 Boislisle, A. de, 397 “Boke of Nurture,” the, 17 Boniface, Pope, 386 Boniface IX, on pardoners, 316 ff., 324, 443 Bonnardot, 389 Books, sold at fairs, 252 Boston, 370 Boswell, James, 252 Botiller, Ralph le, 155 Boucicaut, Jean le Meingre, Marshall de, 404 ff., 407 Boucicaut, the younger, 414 Boulogne, 371 Bourbon, Louis, 1st Duke of, 397; Louis, 3rd Duke, his crusade, 398 ff. Bourbon, Etienne de, 359 Bourgogne, Jean de, alias Mandeville, 406 ff. Bourne, Sir Roger, 301 Bouvines, 354 Brabant, 229 Bracton, Henry de, 257, 258, 262 Bradamante, 256 Bradeley Bridge, 429 Bradshaw, 99 Brant Broughton, 138 Brantingham, Thos. de, 142, 202, 204, 229 Braunton, Philip de, 441 Bray, Master John, a physician, 187 Brest, 230 Breul, Karl, 200 Bridges, at Crowland, 13, 21, London, 13, 14 (see London Bridge), Avignon, 13, 32, 33, 36, Cahors, 13, 37, 69, Stratford-at-Bow, 13, 14, 41, Wakefield, 14, 67, with defensive towers, 14, 71 ff., 75; at Monmouth, 14, 75, on the Esk, 14, 30 ff., Pont St. Esprit, 32, Roman, 32, 69, Orthez, Limoges, Lancaster, 35 ff., Botyton, 36; pious character of, 36 ff., how repaired, 36 ff., 42 ff., 57 ff.; Bow, 40 ff.; bad state of, 41 ff., chapels on, 43 ff., Fleet, Holborn, Saintes, La Rochelle, 43, 44; houses on, 47 ff., 74 ff., at Paris, Poissy, Florence, 49 ff., wooden, 53, Hugh of Clopton’s, 53, Catterick, 54, built by Englishmen, 54, at Yarm, 58, Huntingdon, 59, tolls and gifts for the maintenance of, 58 ff., at Rochester, 60, 62, Bedford, 60, dangerous, 60 ff., 65, Moneford, 60, Heybethebridge, 61, and the Justices in Eyre, 63, at Shoreham, 64, Berwick, 65 ff., revenues of, 66; at Chester, 66, remodelled, 69, at Rotherham, St. Ives, 70, Bath, 74, Norwich Castle, 77, near Danby Castle, 77, at Durham, Hereford, Bedford, Llangollen, Dumfries, Huntingdon, Potter Heigham, Tewkesbury, 78; the Great Charter and, 83; hermits and the, 143, consisting in a plank, 429, at Chesford, Bradeley, Exhorne, etc., 429; too low, 426; who should repair, 429 ff. Bristol, 206, 244, staple, 247, fair, 251; 370 Broker, Nicholas, a coppersmith, 14 Brompton, Wm. and Margery, 206 Brotherton, 39 Browning, Robert, 291 Bruce, David, 347 Brudtholl, 57 Bruges, Thos. de, a champion, 117 Brutus, the Trojan, 196 Brynchesley, Thos. of, a messenger, 232 Bucker, J. C. and C. A., 70 Budet, Durand, 232 Buffoons, 217 ff. Bull, Wm., a priest, 70 Bullion, export of, forbidden, 239 ff., 241 ff., 265, 376 Bulls, papal, 20, 319 ff., 439, against pardoners, 443 ff. Burgundy, Duke of, 408 Burton, Thos., 343, 391 ff., 445 Bury, Isabel of, a murderess, 171 Bury, Richard de, on pardoners, 324, 440 Butler, Samuel, 273 Caen, 351 Calabria, 184 Caldecote, Wm., 281 Calder, bridge on the, 70 Cambynskan, 203 ff. Cana, 389 Cannock Wood, 150 Canterbury, 20, 34, 60, 133, 134, has minstrels, 206, staple, 247, 248; 263, 279, 312, 319, 321, 322, 347, chief English pilgrimage, 348 ff.; fortified, 364; 425 “Canterbury Tales,” 15, 16, 20, 103, 115, 214, 227, 292, 315, supplement to the, 364 Cantilupo, Walter de, 166 Capgrave, John, a pilgrim to Rome, 387 ff. Carpenter, John le, M.P., 264 Carretto, Ilaria del, 315 Carriages, 15, 84, for the wealthy, 95 ff., etruscan, 95, for the queen, 99 Carriers, common, 149 Carrol, Sir Rob., 375 Carts, 15, 84, London tax on, 85, common, 90, hired, 91, reaper’s, 90 Castiglione, Baldassare, 380 Castles, their halls, 122, hospitality, in, 122, become mansions, 150 Catacombs, 385 Catherine, chapel of Saint, 43; Queen, 347 Cats, 237 Caumz, John, a minstrel, 204 Caversham, Our Lady of, 348 Caxton, 402 Cenis, Mount, 396 Chaise-Dieu, 344 Chamberlain, the royal, 117 ff. Chambernoun, Oto, 375 Chambers, E. K., 205, 206, 211, 213, 217, 218 “Champertors,” 153 Champions, for duels, 117 Chandos, Sir John, 375 Chapels on bridges, 43 ff., 57, at Wakefield, 67 ff., at Rotherham, Bradford-on-Avon, St. Ives, 70 Charcoal, 279 Charer, John le, a carriage-maker, 99 Charlatans, 182 ff. Charlemagne, 195, 196, 216, 296 Charles St. Borromeo, 362 Charles V, Emperor, a pilgrim to Canterbury, 355 Charles V, King of France, 329 Charles VI, King of France, 85 Charlton, John of, 298 Chatterton, Thos., 244 Chaucer, 9, 15, 16, 18, 20, 25, 40, 41, 100, 103, 105, 125, 133, 187, 195 ff., 201, 203, on nobility, 213; 217, fond of news, 223; 246, M.P., 264; 283, on friars, 291 ff., 301, 303, 307, 310, his pardoner, 315 ff., 322, 327, 330, 333, 336; 339, 348, 357, 358, 359, 365, decries pilgrims, 368; 371 Chaundeler, Rob., M.P., 264 “Cheker of the Hope,” 134 Chesford Bridge, 429 Chester, bridge at, 66; 69, 73, 78, its minstrels, 206; 408 “Chevalier au Barisel,” le, 138 Chicheley, Archbishop H., 334 Chichester, staple at, 247; 346 Child, F. J., 437 Childebert, 177 Chimneys, in greater use, 124 China, 408 Cicero, 323 Cirencester, 428 Clamor PatriÆ, 177 Clare, Elizabeth de Burgh, Lady, her carriage, 96; her crusade by proxy, 394 Claypole, bridge at, 429 Clement VI, 36, on indulgences, 314, 391 ff., 438 Clerc, Reginald, 318 Clergy, non-residence of, 121, foreign, 121 Clerk, Roger, a quack, 188 Clerk, William, a messenger, 391 Clerkenwell, 119 Clerks, diffusion of ideas through, 283 ff. Clermont-Ferrand, 219 Cliff, John, 436 Clyf, William de, 342 Coal, 238 Codrington, T., 31 Cok, John, a messenger, 232 Cok, Peter, a ship master, 375 Cokatrices, in the Nile, 415 Cole, John, a mason, 278 Colechurch, Peter, bridge-builder, 44 Commons, their illiberal tendencies, 264 ff., 283 Communism, propagated by John Ball, 289, by the friars, 293 Compiegne, 353 Compostela, St. James of, 21, 24, 323, 344, 352, 362, 365, 370, licences for pilgrims to, 375; 381, 389, 390, 404, 406, 443 Compton, John, an archer, 318 “Condottieri,” English, 403 ff. “Confessio Amantis,” 335, 400, 401 Conjurors, 217 Constantine the Great, 385, 395 Consuls, in the Levant, 414 Contarini, Andrea, 404 Contarini, Lorenzo, 352 Cook, Chaucer’s, 116 Cook, John, 73 Copenhagen, 186 Cordier, H., 406 Cork, staple at, 248 Corn, 266 Cornwall, 30 Cornwall, Duke of, 119 Coroner, 113 “Cortegiano,” 380 CoruÑa, 375 Coryat, Thos., 192 Councils, of York, 115, on the right of sanctuary, 158, 434; of Salzburg, 306, of Clermont, 313, of Trent suppressing pardoners, 337, of Dublin, 440, of Lateran, Lyons, Vienne, Trent, 444, London, York, 432 Cranmer, Archbishop, on Becket, 356 Crete, 410 CrÉton, 14, 15, 20, 205, 321, 439 Crochille, John, a priest, 174, 258 Cromwell, Oliver, 60, on sanctuaries, 174 Cromwell, Thomas, 348 Crowland, bridge at, 13, 21, 77, 429 Crucifix, a miraculous, 343 ff., 445 Crusades, 32, 313, 394, 397 ff., 407 “Cursor Mundi,” 196 Curteys, John and Wm,, 342 Cuthbert, St., 39, 159, 164, 167, 346, 434 Cuthbert, Wm., 164 Cutts, C. L., 144 “Dais,” 122 Damascus, 409 Dances, fourteenth century, 18, tumbling, 218 ff., in cemeteries, 334 Dante, 25 Danthrop, Matthew, a hermit, 142 Dartford, 359 “Darvell Gathern,” 348 Davies, Robert, 29 Debtors, in sanctuary, 170 ff. Dee, bridge on the, 78 Degrevant, romance of Sir, 199 Delaville le Roulx, 243, 398, 405, 414 Denain, 118 “De Proprietatibus Rerum,” 335 Derby, 426 Derby, John of, a priest, 60 Des Champs, Eustache, 125 Despenser, Edward le, 82 Devil, tempting a hermit, 114 Devil’s Bridge, 77 “Dictum de Kenilworth,” 341 Diderot, 237 Dinners, fourteenth century, 16, 20, 109, 304 “Diocletian,” 199 “Diz de l’Erberie,” 185 Doctors, or physicians, 186, 187 Dominic, St., de la Calzada, 344 Dominicans, Preachers, or Black Friars, 291, 301 Dover, 121, 169, 354, 370, 371 Dressing, before a fire, 16 Drogheda, staple at, 248 Drug-sellers, 184 ff. Dublin, staple at, 247 Du Cange, 315 Duel, by champion, 117 261 Dumfries, bridge at, 78 Dunbar, William, 49 Durham, knocker, 18, 158, bridges, 62, 73, 74, 78; 126, sanctuary, 163 ff., 434, pilgrimage to, 346, sacrilege at, 393; 440 Dyke, bridge on the, 53 Dynet, William, a Lollard, 358 East Dereham, 291 Eccleston, Thos. of, 295 Edington, 410 Edward the Confessor, 346 Edward I, 62, 63, 83, his itineraries, 104; 120, 156, 202, 214, 256, 257, 261, 277, 299, 347, 354, at Tunis, 397; 428 Edward II, 120, 186, receives minstrels, 201, 202, 232, 339, 342, his offerings to shrines, 364; 428 Edward III, has bridges repaired, 57; 84, 125, gives to hermits, 142; 153 ff., 176, 187, buys MSS., 197, his minstrels, 204, his messengers, 229; 231, 241, borrows from merchants, 243 ff.; 256, 266, 270, 297, 347, helps a pilgrim, 391, and the crusade, 397; 404 Edward IV, 123, 189, has minstrels, 204, their monopoly, 208, 222; 172 Eglamour, romance of Sir, 199 Egrum, the lady of, 80 Egypt, 7, 8, cotton from, 243; 406, as the road to Jerusalem, 407; 415, its strange monuments and animals, 416 ff. Eleanor, Queen, 293 Eleanor, Lady, 99 Elton, on tenures, 31, on markets, 250 “Elynour Rummynge,” 138 Emancipation, longings for, 212 ff. Engel, Carl, 208 England, supreme on and protected by, the sea, 240 ff., 244, undergoes transformation, 421 ff. English, the, like change and travels, 402 Enlart, Prof. C., 18, 371, 372 Erasmus, on pilgrimages, 362 ff., 366 Ermyte, John, 35 “Esprit des Lois,” 244 Ethelbert, King, and sanctuary, 158 Eugene IV, 346 “Euphues and his England,” 49 Euse, Jacques d’, 232 Eustochius, 396 “Excursion,” the, 253 Exeter, 18, its minstrels’ gallery, 208 ff., staple at, 247, relics at, 328; 441 Exeter, Duke of, 13 Exhorne Bridge, 429 Eya, Wm. de, 441 Eyre, articles, or justices of the, 63, 113, 120, 432 “FÆrie Queene,” a bridge in, 74 Fairs, the goose, 193 ff.; 248 ff. Falaise, 315 Falcons, 204 Falstaff, 138 Famagusta, 407 Farnese, Cardinal, 192 Faryngton, Sir Wm. de, 231 Fashions, 96 Fencers, 236 Fenere, Rob. le, 59 Ferrees, Ralph de, 166 Ferry bridge, 39 Finsen, Niels, 186 Fisher, Bishop John, 355 Fisshere, Geoffrey le, M.P., 264 FitzJohn, Robert, 108 FitzRalph, Archbishop Richard, 297 FitzWarin, Fulk, 255 Flagellants, 392 Flaherty, W. E., 279 Flanders, 59, 229, 230, trade with, 238; 243 Flemings, 239 ff. “Fleta,” 63, 104, 108, 113, 169, 177, on outlaws, 257 Flower, C. T., on public works in Middle Ages, 60, 81, 138 Foix, Comte de, 398 Fords, 35 Forests, life in, 19, 254, 258, 263 ff., wood from the, 279 Forgers of seals, 318 Forsate, 164 Forte, Isabella de, 112 Fosse, the, 30 Foston, 345 Fountains, Abbot of, 429 FourviÈres, its chapel of St. Thomas, 350 “Fox,” Volpone or the, 191 ff. Fox, John, mayor of Northampton, 284 Foxe, John, 273 France, misery in, owing to the wars, 279; see Roads and Bridges. Francino, 387 Francis, St., 32, 293, his rule and ideals, 294 ff. Franciscans, Friars minor, or Grey Friars, 291 ff. French, the, of Stratford-atte-Bow, of Norfolk, 246; manual to teach, 130 ff., importance to know, 401 ff. Friars, 20, 24, 181, 182, travelling, 283, Langland and Chaucer on, 291 ff., 298, 307; preaching emancipation, 293, why founded, 294 ff., Matthew Paris on, 296, wealth and buildings of, 296 ff., burials in their churches or habits, 297, 302, Wyclif on, 298, begging, 302, Walsingham and Oxford on, 303, derided and maltreated, 305, the secular clergy and councils on, 306, are everywhere, 306 ff., their pedlar’s wallet, 307, their letters of fraternity, 308, Sir Thomas More on, 309, doomed in England, 310, Bacon on, 311, 396, 419 ff. Fridstool, 159 ff., at Beverley, 159, Hexham, 159, 160, Sprotborough, 161, 163 Frith, the church, 158 ff. Froissart, 15, 82, 99, 118, 279, on John Ball, 289; 339, 355, 375, on the crusade of 1390, 398 ff. Fullar, Erasmus, 346 Furnivall, F. J., 9, 13, 15, 16, 17, 49, 134, 437 Gaddesden, John of, 186 ff., 338 Garette, John, a mason, 54 ff. Gascoigne, Thos., 218 ff., 346 Gaunt, John of, 35, 36, 166, his physicians, 187; his minstrels, 205; 206, 258, to be King of England, 278 ff., kind to tenants, 279; 403 “Gawaine and the Green Knight,” 203 Genoa, 399 ff. George I, re-abolishes sanctuary, 174 Gifford, Wm., 50 Gilbert, Wm. and Richard, 375 Gilds, repair bridges, 39 ff., of minstrels, 211, 435 ff.; foreign, 242, help pilgrims, 389 ff. Gipsies, 182 Glanville, Bartholomew de, 122, 335 Glasson, 114 Glastonbury, 126, 343, pilgrimage to, 346 Glendower, Owen, 309 Gloucester, inn at, 126, 131; 178, 318 Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, Earl of, 298 Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, 16 Godelak, Walter, 79 Godeland, 142 Gold, William, a condottiere, 403 ff. Goldsmiths, and sanctuary, 171 Golias, and goliardic poetry, 200 ff. Goliath, his tooth, 389 Gonzaga, Louis, lord of Mantua, 403 Gorst, Walter de, 298 Gosse, Edmund, 9 Gower, John, 136, 307, 335, 400, 401 Grant, F., 233 Great Charter, on bridges, 83; 112, 113 Greek, manual of, 410 GrÉgoire, Bishop Henry, 32 Grenefeld, Wm., 345 Grey, Lord, of Fallodon, 18 Grey, John of, 155 Grey friars, 291 Greyhounds, 231 Grim, Edward, 349 Griselda, 256 Grosseteste, Robert, 295 Grymesby, 426 Guaches 375 Guest house, 14 Guest, J., 70 Gulliver, 408 Hadrian, Emperor, 30 Hainaut, Jean de, 118 Haliday, Walter, a minstrel, 204, 436 Halitgarius, Bishop, on indulgences, 313 Hall, the, in castles, its uses, 122 ff., its changes, 124 ff., with a gallery for minstrels, 207 Hall, Hubert, 238 Halliwell, J. O., 437 Hampole, 290 ff., 343; see Rolle of Hanse towns, 239, merchants, 241 Harlots, following the court, 104 ff., 108 “Haro, clameur de,” 114 Harrison, Wm., 17, 48, 49, 251 Hastings, battle of, 195 Hatfield, 207 Hawking, and good roads, 83, 84 Hawkwood, Sir John, 403 Hayles, holy blood of, 347 Hazlitt, W. C., 437 Hedecrone Bridge, 429 Hedon, 426 Hekinby Bridge, 429 Henry II, and Becket, 349 ff., his penance, 352, revisits Canterbury, 354, at Rocamadour, 372 Henry III, 61, 112, 217, 257, 272, 329, 341, 347, 354 Henry IV (or Henry of Lancaster), 13, 14, 20, 143, 244, opposed by the friars, 308, 309; 321, fights Prussians, 398, 439 ff. Henry V, regulates surgery, 188 ff., his minstrels, 204; 244, 407 Henry VII, 153, 173, 212, 347, 354, 405 Henry VIII, 74, regulates surgery, 189 ff.; 347, a pilgrim to Canterbury, destroys St. Thomas’s shrine, 355 Herbalists, 182 ff., Rutebeuf’s, 184 ff., laws about, 188 Herbarton, Richard de, 176 Hereford, bridge at, 78; 116, 438 Hereward, 255 Hermits, 17, 138 ff., should have testimonial letters, 144, judged by Langland, 145 ff., by Rutebeuf, 147; Coleridge on, 148; 358 Herod, King, 415 Heron, Sir Robert, 65 Hesel, 433 Hewlett, H., 272 Hexham, “fridstool” and sanctuary at, 18, 159 ff. Highgate, 309 Hogarth, 273 Hoghton, Adam of, 35 Holborn, 309 Holderness, 426 Holinshed, 310 Holy Land, 329, 390, pilgrimages to, 395 ff., described by Lannoy, 407, guide books to, 408 ff.; service between Venice, and, 409 ff.; diseases in, 412; 419, 443 Holy Sepulchre, 417 Holywell, 347 Homer, 224 Honnecourt, Villard de, 18, 207, 419 Hornsey mere, 261 Horse riding, 100 ff., by women, 103 Hospitality, its limits, 113, in monasteries, 118 ff., abused, 120 ff., in castles, 122 ff. Hostelries, 125 ff., in France, 126, ill-famed, 134 ff. Houses, on bridges, 47, 49, 50 ff., 74 Hrotsvitha, 134 “Hudibras,” 273 Humber, crossing the, 129, 433 “Humphrey Clinker,” 122 Hundred years’ war, 10, royal not national in the fourteenth century, 200, 230 Huntingdon, bridge at, 59 ff., 78 Iceland, 348 Ikenild Street, 30 Incredulity, on the increase, 393 Indulgences, in favour of bridges, 36, origin, development and abuse of, 312 ff., plenary, 313, attract pilgrims, 383 ff., Clement VI, and, 392 ff., for Palestine pilgrims, 395; 438 Inns, the, 17, 125 ff., dialogue at, 130 ff., music at, 134, minstrels at, 202 “Inscription maritime,” 271 Ireland, 205, 230, staple in, 247 Ireland, Laurence of, a messenger, 232 Isabella, daughter of Ed. III, 202 Isembert, a bridge-builder, 13, 44, 54, 425 ff. Islington, 309 Isumbras, romance of, 196, 198 ff. Jacquerie, 277 “Jacques le Fataliste,” 237 James I, abolishes sanctuary, 173 Jean de Luxembourg, King, 355 Jeannette of France, 403 ff. Jeddah, 376 Jerome, St., 387, on pilgrimages, 395 Jerusalem, 313, 352, 365, 368, 370, 384, 391, pilgrimages to, the holiest, 395 ff., itinerary to, 406 ff., 415 ff. Jessopp, Dr. Augustus, 291 Joan of Arc, 244 John the Baptist, St., 371 ff. John, St., of Beverley, 347 John, St., the Evangelist, 415 John, King of England, 44, a bridge-builder, 79, 425 ff., his itinerary, 104, visits St. Robert, 142; 354, 427 John the Good, King of France, 95, 185, 232, 239, 265, 354 Jongleurs, their repertory and behaviour, 194 ff. Jonson, Ben, his mountebank, 184, 191 ff., 250 Joseph, of Arimathea, 347 Jowermersh, 80 Judges, witticisms of, 260 Jugglers, 18, 183, 216 ff., their coarseness, 217; 252 Julian, Emperor, 386 Julius CÆsar, romance of, 195 Jury, 111, 113 ff., their fate if perjured, 114; 176 Justices in Eyre, 63, 107, 113 ff., 432 Justinian, Emperor, 158 Juvenal, 295 Kaermardyn, staple at, 247 Karkeek, 348 Katerine, John, a dancer, 220 Kaye, Wm., a priest, 70 Kellawe, Bishop Richard de, 36 Kelm, 80 Kempe, A. J., 167 Kenilworth, 347 Kilby, T., 70 King, Daniel, 78 King’s Lynn, 387 Kingston-upon-Hull, 370 Kitchin, G. W., 250 Knaresborough, hermitage at, 17, 139, 141 ff. Knights, travelling, frontispiece, 13, 15, 97, 101, at table, 109, seek and grant hospitality, 119 ff., as highwaymen, 151, practice maintenance, 153 ff., listen to songs and romances, 194 ff., have music during meals and keep minstrels, 203 ff., enjoy tumblings and ribaldry, 217 ff., refugees in the forest, 255 ff., and their villeins, 259 ff., buried in friars’ churches, 297 ff., as pilgrims, 357, 364, pilgrims by proxy, 393, crusaders, 397 ff., pilgrims to the Holy Land, 404 ff. Knights Hospitallers, 119 ff. Knut, King, 347 Knyghton, 263 Kyteler, Dame Alice, 334 Labour, conscription of, 265 Labourers, free or not, 262 ff., statute of, 264 ff., become artificers, 266, hold assemblies, 276, informers among, 278, freed, 419 ff. Lafford, 429 La Fontaine, 130 Lancaster, Henry of, cousin to Edward III, 340, 391 Lancaster, Isabella of, a nun, 197 Lancaster, Thomas, Earl of, 339 ff., 342 ff. Lane, Wm. atte, a thief, 176 Langland, William, 16, 20, 25, 42, 43, 53, 124, 135, 136, 145 ff., 201, 203, 206, 207, 218, 233 ff., 237, 246, 250, on friars, 291, 298, 307, 336, on pilgrims, 358, 360, 368, on scepticism, 393, 400 Langley Castle, 123 Lannoy, Gilbert de, 407 Lappeley, 151 Latimer, Alice, a recluse, 142 Latimer, Bishop Hugh, 310, on miraculous statues, 363 Latimer, Neville, Lord, 14, 77 Latymer, Wm., lord of Yarm, 58 “Lazarillo de Tormes,” 21, 331 Lecoy de la Marche, 359 Leet days, 431 ff. Leicester, minstrels at, 206, plague at, 263 Le Puy, 372 Letters, dictating and sending of, 228 Leven, Hugh of, 343 “Libelle of Englyshe Polycye,” 244 ff. Liberalism in England and France, 213 ff. Lichfield, 150 ff. LiÈge, 407 “Life of Alexander,” 199 Limoges, 35 Lincoln, bridge at, 74; 138, 199, dance of Salome at, 219, staple at, 247, 347, 390, 426 Lindesay, David, Earl of Crawford, 47 Linne, 251 Lithuania, 398 Little John, 213 Liveries, given to retainers, 152 ff. “Livre de la mutacion de Fortune,” 136 “Loci e libro veritatum,” 346 Lodgings for the king and others, 117 ff. Lollards, 284 ff., 298, and pilgrimages, 358 ff. Lombards, 242 ff. London, Dr., 348 London, a hermit in, 142, its common carriers, 149; 169, its minstrels, 206; 246, friars church in, 297; 342, 348, 370 London Bridge, 13, 14, 43 ff., duel on, 47, houses on, 47, 50 ff., heads on, 48, praise of, 48 ff., dispraise of, 50, new, 50, tolls at, 58, disrepair of, 61 ff.; 309, 425 ff., maintenance of, 427 ff. Longnon, 389 Loretto, 347 Louis VII of France, a pilgrim to Canterbury, 353 ff. Louis IX (St. Louis), gives an elephant to Henry III, 217; 397 Louis XI, his wearing of medals, 365 ff. Louterell psalter, 15, 16, 17, 90, 93, 95, 97, 115, 116 Luce, SimÉon, 83 Ludinglond, 272 Luke, St., paints the Virgin, 387 Lune, 35 Lusignan, James I of, King of Cyprus, 405 Lyndsay, or Lindesay, Sir David, 327 Lynn, minstrels at, 206 Macbeth, 137 Madden, Sir F., 217 Madox, 260 Mahdia, 398 ff. Maidstone, 278 “Maintenance,” 153 ff. Maitland, F. W., 111 Malta, 192 Mandeville, Sir John, 21, on pilgrimages, 372; 387 ff., 401, 406 ff., 416 “ManiÈre de language,” la, 130, 202, 402 Manuel II, PalÆologus, 355 Manuscripts, illuminated, 197 Map, Walter, 200 “MappÆ Clavicula,” 32 Marco Polo, 387 ff. Marian, maid, 213 Mariette, 417 Markeley, Wm. of, 62 Markets, weekly, 251 Marne, the, 233 Marseilles, 396 Marshall, Robert, 167 Martin, Ernest, 447 Maspero, Gaston, 417 Mathilda, Queen, 40 Matthew, F. D., 307 Maunselle, a mason, 54 ff. Meath, Petronilla of, a sorceress, 334 Meaux (Melsa) near Beverley, 84, 129, 260, 343, 391, 445 Mecca, 376 “MÉdecin malgrÉ lui,” le, 331 Meliadus, romance of King, 95 MÉnageries, 217 Merchants, 42, their perils when travelling, 150 ff., 156, 233, dresses of, 237, 245, impeded by regulations, 239 ff., foreign, 239 ff., protected by Edward III, 241 ff., lend to the king, 243 ff., use rivers, 245, the male of, 246 ff., villeins become, 261 Merton College, 126 Messengers, 18, 116, 181, 223 ff., their “boystes,” 227, whom serving, 227 ff., writ bearers, 227, professional, 228, their missions and salaries, 228 ff., parcel carriers, 231, travel fast, 231 ff., presents to, 232 ff., run risks, 233, Langland on, 233 ff.; 391, 419 Messines, 233 Middle Ages, life in the, 7, religious spirit in the, 32 MiÉlot, Jean, 383 Milford, 205 “Mill on the Floss,” 235 Minot, Laurence, 201 Minstrels, singing, 7, 13, gallery for, 18; 183, repertory and behaviour, 194 ff., received by the king, 201 ff., by a bishop, 202, at the inn, 202, the king’s, 204 ff., for colleges, lords and cities, 205 ff., gifts to, 206, their instruments, 208 ff., monopoly of the royal, 208 ff., 435 ff., gilds of, 211, spread liberal ideas, 212 ff., disappear, 216 ff., tolerated by St. Thomas Aquinas, 217, execrated by Phil. Stubbes, 221 ff.; 419 “Mirabilia RomÆ,” 388 Miracles, at Walsingham, 158, sham, by Thos. of Lancaster, 339 ff., at Meaux, 343 ff., at Rocamadour, 380 ff., at Santa Maria delle Grazie, 380, at Rome, 386, by Moses, 415, in Bethlehem, 416 “Mirror for Justices,” 169 Mistreworth, Sir John, 231 MoliÈre, 335 Mommsen, 30 Monasteries, hospitality in, 118 ff. Monks, great agriculturists, 84, their worldly dress, 115, 432 Monmouth, Geoffrey of, 224 Montalto, Cardinal, 192 Montesquieu, 244 Montfort, Guy de, 229 Montfort, Henry de, 342 Montfort, Reginald de, 342 Moon, the planet of the English, 402 Mordon, Walter, a stockfishmonger, 298 More, Sir Thomas, 48, 172, on friars, 310; 355, 363, 365 Morley, Henry, 250 Morris, W. A., 112 “Mort d’Arthur,” 199 Mortet, Victor, 32 Mowbray, Lord, 60 Murley, Isabella of, an adulteress, 166 Mynach, bridge on the, 77 Mystery plays, 201 Naples, 330 Navarre, 230 Nets, certain, prohibited, 250 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 126, 149, staple at, 247; 370 Newenham, 80 Newport fair, 251 Newton Abbot, 66 Newur, 80 Nichol, J., 341 Nicholas, St., patron of travellers, 43, 389, 416 Nichols, F. M., 388 Nicholson, E. B., 406 Nicholson, Wm., a murderer, 164, 434 Nicodemus, 387 Nicopolis, 398 Nicosia, 405 Nile, comes from Paradise, 415 Niniveh, 400 Nith, bridge on the, 78 Nobles, their lands scattered, 82, who are truly, according to Chaucer, 214, their literary tastes, 196 ff., slandered, 277, sceptic, 393; see Knights Nogent, Ingelram de, a thief, 108 Norden, 49 Norfolk, 347 Norfolk, Countess of, 78 North Berwick, 339 Northumberland, Earl of, 205 Norton, 36 Norwich, bridge at, 69, 78; 143, minstrels at, 206, staple at, 247; 441 Nottingham, 63, its goose fair, 193 ff.; 353, 426 Nuncio, remits penance, 165; 232 “Nut Brown Maid,” 255 ff. Oaks, preserved, 156 “Octavian,” 199 Oddyngesles, Sir John and Esmon de, 151 ff. Okeden forest, 36 Oliver, 296 Olives, Mount of, 396 Orfevre, Richard, M.P., 264 OrlÉans, 244 OrlÉans, Charles d’, 13 Orthez, 35 Outlaws, 107, 174, 181, 254 ff., 269 Oxford, 126, its common carriers, 149; 176, 187, 236, to London by water, 246; 252, university, on friars, 303, on pardoners, 327, 444 Palestine, pilgrimages to, 395 ff. PalmatÆ, 312 Palmers, professional, 181, 367, 368, gild, 334, way, 347, 358 Palmistry, 236 “Pantagruel,” 330 Pantheon, the Roman, 386 Panurge, gaining pardons, 330 Pardon, charters of, 174 ff. “Pardoner and the Frere,” the, 327 Pardoner, Thomas, 318 Pardoners, 20, 24, 133, 181, 312 ff., Chaucer’s, 315 ff., 336, Boniface IX on, 316 ff., greed and misdeeds of, 316, their associations, 324, the authorized, 324, collect various goods, 325, Urban VI on, 326 ff., hated by the secular clergy, 326, Oxford and the, 327, on the stage, 331, in Spain, 331, suppressed, 337; 367, 394, 419 ff., documents concerning, 440 ff., 444 Paris, roads leading to, 85, 86; 257, its minstrels, 211, its idlers, 265, its relics, 372 Paris, the diacre, 342 Paris, Gaston, 9 Paris, Matthew, portrays an elephant, 217, on friars, 296; 329, 350 Parliament, the good, 9, 25, 154; sitting at Westminster, 14, 87 ff., members of, detained by bad roads, 86; on what principle created, 214, its development, 421 Parson, Chaucer’s, 125 Patmer, John of, 155 Paul V, 445 Paula, St., 395 ff. Payne, John, 323 Peasants, out of bond, 181, 254 ff., 259 ff., 421; at the tavern, 136, at the drug sellers’, 193, revolt of the, 212, 276 ff., compared with French, 277, 279, results of, 280, cursed by Langland, 293, and the scepticism of the nobles, 393 Pedlars, 181, their temper, 234 ff., long ignored by statutes, 235 ff., content of their packs, 236 ff., at the fair, 252, Wordsworth’s 253; 307, 419 Pegge, S., 159 Pelagrua, Cardinal de, 232 Penrose, John, a vintner, 239 Perceval, romance of, 198, 199 Percy, Henry, 404 Percy, Bishop Thomas, 437 “Percy and Douglas,” song of, 216 Perers, Alice, 154 Persia, dances in, 18, 220, 221; poetry of, chanted, 194 Persians in Palestine, 395 Peter, St., 314, his vest, 329; 384 Peterborough, 347 Petit-Dutaillis, Ch., 276 Petrarch, 324 Petronella, St., 385 Philip II, Augustus, 353 Physicians, 18, 183 ff., laws about, 188 ff. Piccolomini, Æneas Sylvius, 339 Pie powder court, 249 “Pierce the Ploughman’s Crede,” 301 Piers, Johan, 258 “Piers Plowman” (Visions about), 19, 25, 42, 124, 135, 137, 145 ff., 203, 207, 213, 218, 233 ff., 237, 246, 250, 293, 301, 307, 358, 368, 393, 400 Pilate, 201 Pilgrimages, vows of, remitted, 323, 325; chief, 338, motives for, 338 ff., by proxy, 340, 357, 394; various English, 342 ff., 346 ff., how advertised, 344 ff., Reynard’s, 360, 446; Erasmus on, 362 ff., More on, 363, restrained, in England and France, 369 ff., various French, 370 ff., to Compostela, 375 ff., indulgences attached to, 383, to Rome, 384 ff., cost of, 389 ff., to the Holy Land, 395 ff. Pilgrims, 21, 24, inns for, 131; 181, 226, as news bringers, 263, 270, escaped villeins as, 273; how attracted, 343 ff., on the road to Canterbury, 348, royal and imperial, 352 ff., their mixed troups, their prayers, 357 ff., their amusements on the way, 359 ff., tale tellers, 360, visit the curiosities and buy signs, 364 ff., 418, professional, 367, their speeches and livelihood, 367, their staffs and scrips, 362, 368 ff., false, 369, 420, permits for real, 369, oaths before leaving, 376, uncomfortable at sea, 376 ff., offerings by, 380, attracted by indulgences, 383 ff., how helped, 389 ff., go to Palestine and have to pay the Saracen, 395 ff., 409, 413; 419 Pilgrims’ Way, 352 Pius II, 339 Pius IV, 337 Plague, the great, effect on labour and wages, 263 ff. Plato, 387 “Play of the Sacrament,” 186 Players, common, 236 “Plowman’s Tale,” 301 Plymouth, 370 Poissy-sur-Seine, 354 Pole, the de la, Earls of Suffolk, 244 Pollock, Sir Frederick, 111, 113 “Polycraticus,” 218 Pontagium, 57 Pont du Gard, 35 Pont-Sainte-Maxence, Garnier de, 351, 365 Pont-Saint-Esprit, 32 Pontiff brothers, 32 ff. Popes, and bridge building, 36, and sanctuary, 174, condemn pardoners, 316 ff., at Avignon, are abused, 391 Porter, Nicholas le, 165 ff. Porter, Simon, 64 Porto, 232 ’Pothecary, Heywood’s, 189 Potter Heigham, 78 “Povre Clerc,” le, 216 Powell, E., 276 Power, Robert, 155 Prague, 229 Pratt, Godfrey, 41 ff., 57, 61, 143 Preachers, wandering, 181, 283 ff., Wyclif’s, 284 ff., Rolle of Hampole as a, 290, 419, 421 Prest, Godfrey, coppersmith, 14 Prestbury, 178 Preston, Gilbert de, 429 “Promessi Sposi,” 152 Prussia, hampers British trade, 241, the pagans of, 391, 398 Pulteney, Wm., 74 Purveyors, royal, their exactions, how remedied, 91 ff., 95 ff., 430 ff. Putnam, Miss Bertha, 264 Pythagoras, 387 Quacks, 24, 181, laws about, 188 ff., 419 Questors, or pardoners, 315 ff., 440 Quintilian, 323 Railton, Herbert, 126 Raven, Edward, 347 Reading, 348 Recluses, 142 Reims, 349 Relics, pardoners’, 327 ff., at Exeter, Westminster, the Ste-Chapelle, 328 ff.; 343, at Walsingham, 362, in various places, 365, at Amiens, Paris, Chartres, etc., 371 ff., at Rome, 386 ff., Venice, 389, in Holy Land, 415 ff. RÉville, AndrÉ, on Abjuratio Regni, 169; 276 Reynard, his pilgrimage, 138, 360 ff., 446 ff., as a preacher, 304; 332 Rhine country, the, 239 Richard, St., 346 Richard I, Coeur de Lion, 354, 425 Richard II, 13, his portrait, 14; 20, 21, 47, 153 ff., 170, buys MSS., 198, sees mystery plays, 201, his minstrels, 204, pays a dancer, 220; 229, 231, 270, and the peasants’ revolt, 276; 278, 279, 280, 308, 309, 321, 369, 375, 398, 405, 439 Richard III, 172 Richard, prior, of Hexham, 160 Rideware, Sir Robert and Walter de, 150 ff., 249 Ringeston, Hugo de, 260 Ripert-Monclar, Marquis de, 36 Rishanger, 297 Rivers, to be clear of hindrances, 245 Roads, 29 ff., Roman, 30 ff., repair of, 42, 79 ff., excessive taxes, 80, in the East, 81, good, of interest for the king and monks, 82 ff., security of, 149 ff., cleared of bushes, 156 Robbers, in sanctuary, 156 ff.; 176 Robert, St., of Knaresborough, 17, 139, 141 ff. Robertson, Wm., 8 Rocamadour, 21, 365 ff., 372 ff., fair tresses at, 380 Rogers, Thorold, 32, 91, 99, 126, 149, 176, 219, 229, 252, 346 Rogier, Pierre (Clement VI), 392 Roland, 195, song of, 196, 296, 349, at Rocamadour, 372 Rolle, Richard, of Hampole, 141 ff., 290, 342 Romances of Troy, Rome, Arthur, etc., 195 ff. Roman de la Rose, 198, 335, de Perceval, 198, de Renard, 136, 360 ff., 447, de Rou, 20 Rome, 225, 317, 352, pilgrimages to, 361, 363, 368, 370, 384, 390, 398, a pilgrim’s history of, 384 ff., relics at, 386 ff., wonders of, 388, 398 Rome, Wm., a murderer, 164, 434 Romulus, and Remus, 251 Roncevaux, 349 Roper, Margaret, 48 “Rosa Anglica,” 186 ff. Rosels, Reginald of, 42 Rossetti, W. M., 387 Rouen, 389 Rouland, David, 331 Rouland, Roger, a chariot matter, 99 Round Table romances, 96 Roxburghe Castle, 232 Rubens, 194 Rushes, as carpets, 122 Russell, John, 16 Rutebeuf, 19, on hermits, 147, his herbalist, 184 ff. Rymer, 375 Sacrilege, at York, 393 St. Alban’s Abbey, 297, 303, 346 St. Anne d’Auray, 365 St. Bernard, the Great and Little, 396 St. Catherine of Mount Sinai, 384, 414 St. Davids, 346 St. Edmundsbury, 346 St. Evremond, 194 St. George’s Day, 229 St. Gothard, 396 St. Hilaire, Barthelemy, 10 St. Ives, bridge at, 78 St. James of Compostela or of Galicia, 370 ff.; see Compostela St. John of Jerusalem, order of, 44, their pardoners, 119, 326 St. Martin’s le Grand, London, 167, 170 ff., 435 St. Nectaire, 18 St. Neots, 64 St. Paul’s, London, its sanctuary 172 ff.; 342, 428, 436 St. Prassede, 385 St. Prudence, 385 St. Sebastian, 386 St. Thomas chapel, 427 St. Vitus, 385 St. Vivian, 386 “Saint Vou,” the, 387 Salerno, Mme. Trote de, 184 ff., 187 Salzburg, 306 Salisbury, Earl of, 117 Salisbury, John of, 218 Salome, head downwards, 219 ff. Salzmann, L. F., 238 Sanctuary, 18, prisoner flying to, 149, privilege of, 157 ff., seats or fridstools, 159 ff., registers, 163 ff.; violation of, 165 ff., at Westminster, etc., 166 ff., watch outside, 168, refugees to, forswear the realm, 168 ff., various kinds of refugees to, 170 ff., St. Paul’s, 172 ff.; suppression of, 173 ff.; 434 ff. Sandwich, 370 Santa Maria delle Grazie, 380 Santa Maria Maggiore, 386 Saracens, 397, of Tunis, 399 ff., should be converted, not killed, 400 ff., tolerant and practical in Palestine, 409, 413, 415; robbers among, 412 ff. Sarrebruck, Simon de, 418 “Satyre of the Thrie Estaits,” 327 Sauvage, Wm. le, 272 Scala Celi, 385 Scaliger, J. J., 48 Scarborough, its fish fair, 250 Scarth, H. M., 31 Scotland, wars with, 119, 178; 229, 230, 231 Sculpture, from the nude, 344, 445 Seebohm, 263 Seneca, 293 Seneschal, the King’s, 107 ff. Sens, 350 Servants, 269 ff. Seyssel, Claude de, 366 ff., 394 Shene, 229 Sheriff, the, 80, 107, his functions, 111 ff., exactions of, 121, 430 Sherwood forest, 213 Shipping, alternate growth and decay, 240 ff. Shorwalle, 112 Shrewsbury, 206 Sidney, Sir Philip, 216 Sigismund, Emperor, 355 “Sir Gawayne,” 197 Skinnerwell, 201 Skirlawe, Bishop, 58 Skredington, 429 Smith, C. Roach, 364 Smith, Miss L. Toulmin, 9, notes by, 92, 208 Smollett, T., 122 Snayth, 426 “Solace of Pilgrims,” 387 “Song of Roland,” 349 Songs, satirical, 212, chief collection of, 437 ff. Sorcerers, 334 Spain, pardoners in, 331; see Compostela Spalding, Abbot of, 429 Spelman, H., 159 Spenser, Edmund, 74 Spoelberch, Wm., 296 Sprotborough, fridstool at, 18, 161, 163 “Stacions of Rome,” 387 Stafford, 150 Stanley, Dean, 350 Staple, the, 247 ff. “Staple of News,” 50 Stapleton, Walter, 172 Statius, 224 Statues, 344 ff., 363, 371, burnt, 347 ff. Statutes, of Winchester, 176, 177; well meant but inefficient, 154 ff., 211; proclaimed, 229; on pedlars, 235 ff., on the staple, 247; on labourers, 264 ff., 271 ff., on slanderers, 278, of Westminster, 278 Stephen, St., 389 Stermersworthe, Richard, a woolman, 284 Stocks, the, 19, 264, 269, 270 ff. Stone, F., 78 Stow, J., 43, 44, 47, 50, 61, 62 Stowe, church of, 429 Stratford-on-Avon, bridge at, 53 Straw, Jack, 293 Stubbs, Bishop, 421 Stubbes, Philip, on minstrels, 221 ff. Students, travelling, 125 ff., 175, begging, 236, 276 Sudbury, Simon, 442 ff. Suffolk, Duke of, 212, 457 ff. Suitors, follow the court, 108 Sully Prudhomme, 147 Superstitions, 302, 308, 333 ff., 393 Surrey, Duke of, 13 Surtees, 166 Swall Bridge, 54 Swinfield, Bishop Richard, 116 ff., 202 Swithin, St., 347 Sylvester, Pope, 386 Tabor, Mount, 417 Taine, 291 Taverner, Ralph, M.P., 264 Taverns, 134 ff. Taylor, P. T., 66 Teign, bridge on the, 66 Teignmouth, 66 Temple Bar, 84 Thames, 43, 47, polluted, 123; 251, 428 Thebes, 224 Thegra, 366 Theodore, Archbishop, on indulgences, 312 Theodosius the Great, 158 Theolonium, 80 Thieves, 156 ff., 176, 181, labourers become, 270 Thomas, St., Aquinas, 89 Thomas, St., Becket, 13, 47, 74, 248, 279, the best healer, 338, pilgrimage to, 348 ff., life and death of, 348 ff., his cult and shrine destroyed, 355 ff. Thomas, G. M., 411 Thompson, Sir E. Maunde, 9 Thompson, Richard, antiquary, 47, 53 Thompson, Yates, 350 Thorelstan, 272 “Thornton romances,” 198 ff. Thorpe, Wm., 134, 285, on pilgrimages, 359 ff. Thresk, Robert, a priest, 258 Thurkelby, Roger de, a judge, 261 Tinkers, 236 Tours, 372 Trade, arbitrarily regulated, 239 ff., foreign, 243 ff., in the Levant, 408, 414 Travelling, a merchant, 19, by sea, 21, dangerous, 30; royal and lordly, 82 ff., 103, 430 ff.; 89, ordinary, 90 ff., on horseback, 95, 100 ff., 105; in carriages, 95 ff., in horse litters, 99, 101, monks and bishops, 115, from Oxford to Newcastle and Cambridge to York, 126 ff., students, 175, its dangers, 149 ff., fast and slow, 232 ff., merchants, 233 ff., 245 ff., sea, 376 ff., the English fond of, 402 Trees, taken down, 156 Trinoda Necessitas, 29, 31, 57, 61 Tristram, romance of, 196 Tri Thlws Cymru, 78 Trivium, 302 “Troilus,” Chaucer’s, 196, 197 Troo, 17 Troy, Duchess of, 384 Tuck, friar, 213 Tulle, 366 Tunbridge, 298 Turnbrigg, 426 Turns, of the sheriff, 112 Turpin, Archbishop, 349 Tutbury, 279 Tweed, bridge on the, 65 Tyndale, W., 363 Upatherle, H. and Th. of, 178 Urban II, 313 Urban V, on pardoners, 326, 441 Urban VI, 443 Valon, de, 366 Van der Meulen, 371 Vendomois, 17 Venice, mountebanks of, 192; 239, fleets and trade of, 243; 388, relics at, 389; 396, 405, 407 VÉrard, Antoine, 49 Vezelay, 372 View of Frankpledge, 111, 113, 135, 431 ff. Villeins, 24, how emancipated, 259 ff., sold, 260, services due by, 262, leave their district, 266 ff., federated, 270, interpret texts, 270 ff., send their children to school, 283 Vinogradoff, 260 Viollet le Duc, 35 Virgil, 388 Virgin, the, milk of, 347, 386, 416, unworshipped by Saracens, 399, relics of, in Palestine, 415 ff. Vissher, 48 Volterra, 95 “Vox Clamantis,” 307 Wace, 20 Wages, 263 ff., excessive, 265 ff. Waits, 206 Wake, the lord of, 341 Walcott, 347 Wales, 40, bridges in, 70, 77, minstrels in, 212; 229, staple in, 247; 309 Wales, Prince of, the Black Prince, 154, 232 Walsingham, 21, its sanctuary, 158, its pilgrimage, 329, 338, 347 ff., 358, 362, 392 ff., 416 Walsingham, Thomas, 293, 297, on friars, 303; 325, 350, 393 Walter, Hubert, 425 Waltham, 347 Walton, Robert de, a villein, 260 Walton Street, 81 War, state of, caused by abuses, 154 ff., necessitates good roads, 83, Scottish, 119, of the Roses, 153 Ward, Henry, L.D., 437 Ware, Lord de la, 205 Warkworth, bridge at, 14, 71 ff., hermitage at, 142 Warner, G. F., 345 Waterford, staple at, 247 Wathsand mere, 261 Watling Street, 30 Wayfarers, carriers of news and ideas, 263, 277 ff., 279, religious, preach emancipation, 285 ff., conclusion about the work of, 419 ff. Welles, Lord, 47 Wels, John, 43 Werburge, St., 142 Werchin, de, 406 Westminster, road to, 84, parliament sitting at, 86 ff., 301, 421; sanctuary at, 166, 170, 172 ff.; 247, fair at, 250; 264, 329, 346 Westmoreland, Countess of, 205 Wey, Wm., his pilgrimage to Compostela, 375, on catacombs and relics, 385 ff., on the Holy Land and how to go there, 409 ff.; his souvenirs from Palestine, 417 Weyhill fair, 250 Wheatly, 49 Whitekirk, 339 Whittington, Sir Richard, 244, 245, 297 Wilfrid, St., 160 William III, King, 236 Wills, devotional bequests in, 394 Winchester, 149, 247, fair at, 249, 250, pilgrimages to, 347 Windsor, 229 Wines, trade in, 239 “Winter’s Tale,” 252 Wode, Agnes atte, 155 Wolves, 63 Wood, F. G., 78 Worcester, 40 Wordsworth, 253 Workmen, perambulating, 181 Works of charity, the seven, 89 Wright, A. B., 163 Wurtham, Thos. of, 260 Wyatt, Sir Thos., 48 Wyclif, 20, 24, 166, 172, 266, his poor priests, 284, influence of, 285; 286, 293, on friars, 298 ff.; 336, on pilgrimages, 358 ff.; 391, 400, 401 Wylynton, H. de, 342 Wyresdale, 35 Yarm, 58 Yarmouth, its fish fair, 250; 370 Ydoine, romance of, 196 York, 30, 39, bridge at, 73; 129, 169, minstrels at, 206; 232, staple at, 247; 261, prison at, 271; 347, 393, 426, plays, 201 Ypres, 233 Yule, Col., 406 Zousche, Master la, a clerk of the wardrobe, 99 Printed in Great Britain by UNWIN BROTHERS, LIMITED, THE GRESHAM PRESS, WOKING AND LONDON TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE Original spelling and grammar have been generally retained, with some exceptions noted below. Original printed page numbers are shown like this: {52}. Footnotes have been relabeled 1–598, converted to endnotes, and moved to just ahead of the Index. Illustrations have been moved from within paragraphs to nearby locations between paragraphs. Page numbers for dislocated full-page illustrations are removed. I produced the cover image and assign it to the public domain. Original page images are available from archive.org—search for “englishwayfaring00jussmiss”. Page 19, description of illustration 51. The last three letters of fabliau were invisible on the printed page. Page 48n. The latin small letter l in Introduction, p. l. is retained. Page 49n. Belleforset was changed to Belleforest, to agree with the index. Page 69. The link (p. 47) was changed to (p. 37). Page 82. Single right quotation mark was substituted for the double quotation mark after with the high steeple?. Page 83. Double quotation mark after Why do you say so? was changed to single right quotation mark. Page 107n. The link p. 110 was changed to p. 108. Page 126n. The single quotation mark in ‘Domestic Architecture was replaced by double left quotation mark. Page 136. Changed Rennaissance to Renaissance. Page 206n. Note 1 had no anchor in the text; a new one was placed after A curious example of this is recorded in John of Gaunt’s register,. Page 222. The illustration, judging by its location on the original page, appears to belong to the footnote. But judging by the content of footnote and illustration, they are not related. Therefore, the illustration has been retained on page 222. Page 226. Changed almost evey one to almost every one. Page 261n. Changed Prenez le par le ccu to Prenez le par le cou. Page 265n. Added right double quotation mark after Rolls of Parliament,. Page 289. Changed afer masse to after masse. Page 301n. Retained Hence the reproaches the satirists:. From the looks of the page, there should possibly be another word between reproaches and the, such as of. Page 340. Changed Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford to Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford. Page 356. Retained gave opprobious names to the gentlemen which then counselled him to leave his stubornness. Page 389n. Changed SocietÉ to SociÉtÉ. Page 449, INDEX. The original punctuation is strange, particularly in the use of semicolons. There was seemingly a method for this, but it was a complicated one, imperfectly applied. The original punctuation and structure of the index has been retained, with a few exceptions mentioned below. Page 450, keyword Boccacio changed to Boccaccio. The link for Bridges, Roman to page 68 (which was blank) was changed to page 69. Page 451, keyword [Canterbury]: changed piilgrimage to pilgrimage. Also, one of the links was to page 34; but that page was blank in the original. There is mention of Thomas of Canterbury on page 43, so that might be the intended reference. Page 452, keyword [Dances]: changed cemetries to cemeteries. Page 454, keyword [Forsate]: changed 162 to 164. Page 457, keyword LiÉge changed to LiÈge. Page 458, keyword [Nicholson, Wm.]: changed 162 to 164. Page 460, keyword [Poictiers]: changed 231 to 232. Under keyword [Purveyors], changed 94 to 95. Page 464, keyword [Wales]: changed 219 to 229. |
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