Page 1, l. 12. totam aestimare Romam: to appreciate Rome in its entirety.

Page 3, l. 12. Hinc ad Tarpeiam, etc.: he leads him next to the Tarpeian Rock and to the Capitol, now of gold, once thick with wild bushes.

Page 4, l. 24. Hinc septem, etc.: from here you may see the seven hills of the sovereign city, and appreciate Rome as a whole, the Alban and the Tusculan hills, and all the cool suburban retreats.

Page 10, l. 1. rerum, etc. Rome became a supreme thing of beauty.

Page 10, l. 13. nativa praesidia: natural defences.

Page 10, l. 21. regionum, etc. A site in the middle of Italy, singularly fitted by nature for the development of the city.

Page 17, l. 2. nec ferrea, etc.: nor has he seen the hardships of the law, the mad forum, or the archives of the people.

Page 22, l. 2. Ille, ille, etc.: he it was, Jupiter himself, who withstood the attack, he who willed it that the Capitol, that these temples, that the whole city and you all should be safe.

Page 29, footnote 1. in montibus, etc.: built between mountains and valleys, raised and almost suspended on high, through the stones of its buildings, with its back streets.

Page 39, l. 6. ubi semel, etc.: he who has once strayed from the right path will come to calamity.

Page 52, l. 11. lanificium: the working of wool.

Page 55, l. 26. graffiti: ancient scribblings, scratched, painted, or otherwise marked on a wall, column, tablet, or other surface.

Page 61, l. 4. quaestio de repetundis: court for extortion.

Page 64, l. 15. familiarem, etc.: intimate with L. Lucullus, wealthy, of intractable character.

Page 73, l. 14. qui de censoribus, etc.: whosoever shall have secured a contract from the censors shall not be accepted as associate or shareholder.

Page 73, footnote 2. Asiatici, etc.: of the public revenue of Asia, he had a very small share.

Page 91, l. 3. fortissimus, etc.: a most powerful and important farmer of the public revenue.

Page 93, l. 20. insanum forum: the forum in its maddening bustle.

Page 116, l. 12. doctissimus, etc.: the most learned of that time.

Page 121, l. 11. monumentum, etc.: a monument more enduring than bronze.

Page 123, l. 20. vere humanus: truly refined.

Page 127, l. 23. omnia, etc.: he transforms himself into all portentous shapes.

Page 130, l. 20. mÉnager ses transitions: to pass gradually over to the other side.

Page 132, l. 18. de vi: of criminal violence.

Page 133, l. 9. Uni se, etc.: they are addicted to one and the same practice, that they may cautiously cheat and craftily contend, outdo each other in blandishments, feign honesty, set snares as if they were all enemies to each other.

Page 133, l. 28. rari nantes, etc.: few and scattered swimmers in the vast abyss.

Page 142 (bottom). Claudite, etc.: close the doors, maidens, enough have we sung. And you, noble couple, live happily and apply your vigorous youth to the assiduous task of wedlock.

Page 149, footnote 2. Si quid, etc.: if a woman act reprehensibly or disgracefully, he punishes her; if she has drunk wine, if she has done something wrong with a stranger, he condemns her. If you surprise your wife in the act of adultery, you may with impunity kill her without any form of judgment; but if she caught you in adultery, she would not dare touch you, for she has no right.

Page 150, l. 11. liberorum, etc.: in order to have children.

Page 155, l. 22. Odi, etc.: I hate and I love. You ask perhaps how that can be. I do not know, I feel it, and am distressed.

Page 155 (bottom). Elle apportait, etc.: she revealed in her private behavior, in her affections, the same vehemence and the same passion which her brother showed in public life. Ready for all excesses, and not blushing to confess them, loving and hating with fury, incapable of controlling herself, and opposed to all constraint, she did not belie the great and haughty family from which she was sprung.

Page 178,1. 3. rusticorum, etc.:

The farmer-soldier's manly brood
Was trained to delve the Sabine sod,
And at an austere mother's nod
To hew and fetch the fagot wood.

Page 178, l. 20. Maxima, etc.: the greatest concern must be shown for children.

Page 185, l. 8. Avarus, etc.:

The covetous is the cause of his own misery.
Bravery is increased by daring and fear by hesitation.
You can more easily discover fortune than cling to it.
The wrath of the just is to be dreaded.
A man dies every time that he is bereft of his kin.
Man is loaned, not given to life.
The best strife is rivalry in benignity.
Nothing is pleasing unless renewed by variety.
Bad is the plan which cannot be altered.
Less often would you err if you knew how much you don't know.
He who shows clemency always comes out victorious.
He who respects his oath succeeds in everything.
Where old age is at fault youth is badly trained.

Page 187, l. 7. Grais, etc.: the muse gave genius to the Greeks and the pride of language, covetous of nothing but of praise. But the Roman youths by long reckonings learn to split the coin into a hundred parts. Let young Albinus say: "If you take one away from five pence, what results?" "A groat." Good, you'll thrive.

Page 189, l. 1. In grammaticis, etc.: in the study of literature, the perusal of the poets, the knowledge of history, the interpretation of words, the peculiar tone of pronunciation.

Page 191, l. 9. Orator est, etc.: an orator, my son, is an upright man skilled in speaking.

Page 191, l. 11. Rem tene, etc.: master the subject; the words will follow.

Page 196, l. 9. vir bonus, etc.: see page 191, l. 9.

Page 196, l. 13. Non enim, etc.: eloquence and oratorical aptness obtain good results if they be swayed by a right understanding and by the discretion and control of the mind.

Page 210, footnote 1. Mancipiis, etc.: avoid being like the
Cappadocian monarch, rich in slaves and penniless in purse.

Page 211, footnote 1. pone aedem, etc.: behind the temple of Castor are those to whom you'd be sorry to lend money.

Page 215, l. 18. An te ibi, etc.: would you stay there among those harlots, prostitutes of bakers, leavings of the breadmakers, smeared with rank cosmetics, nasty devotees of slaves?

Page 216, footnote 2. agrum, etc.: in cultivating the fields or in hunting, servile occupations, etc.

Page 233, l. 5. Nec turpe, etc.: what a master commands cannot be disgraceful.

Page 233, footnote 3. Coli rura, etc.: it is a bad practice to fill the fields with men from the workhouse, or to have anything done by men who are forsaken by hope.

Page 235, footnote 2. Regum, etc.: we have taken the tyrant's temper.

Page 239, l. 10. ante focos, etc.: it was customary once to take places in the long benches before the fireplace, and to trust that the gods were present at our table.

Page 246, l. 5. nunc vero, etc.: but now from morning till evening, on holidays and working days, the whole people, senators and commoners, busy themselves in the forum and retire nowhere, etc. (See page 133, l. 9, and translation of that passage.)

Page 246, footnote 2. Urbem, etc.: remain in the city, Rufus; stay there and live in that light. All foreign travel is humble and lowly for those that can work for the greatness of Rome.

Page 247, footnote 1. Frequens, etc.: constant change of abode is a sign of unstable mind.

Page 248, l. 12. contentio, etc.: not a straining of the mind, but a relaxation.

Page 259, l. 12. locus, etc.: a pleasant site, on the sea itself, and can be seen from Antium and Circeii.

Page 265, footnote 3. Ut illum, etc.: may the gods confound him who first invented the hours, and who first placed a sundial in this city. Pity on me! They have cut up my day in compartments. Once when I was a boy my stomach was my clock, and it was much more fitting and reliable; it never failed to warn me except when there was nothing; now, even when there is something, there is no eating unless it so please the sun. For the whole city is full of sun-dials, and most of the people crawl on in need of food and drink.

Page 269, footnote 1. Romae, etc.: in Rome it was for a long time a joy and a pride to open up the house at early morning and attend to the legal needs of the clients.

Page 275, l. 20. Nesciit vivere: he did not know how to live.

Page 277, l. 10. ad noctem: late into the night.

Page 280, l. 17. Saepe tribus, etc.: often you would see three couches with four guests apiece.

Page 283, l. 21. [Greek: Emetikhaeu], etc.: he was under the emetic cure, and consequently ate and drank freely and with much satisfaction; and everything certainly was good and well served; nay more, I may say that

"Though the cook was good,
'Twas Attic salt that flavored best the food."

Page 283, footnote 1. qua lege, etc.: which law did not determine the expense, but the kind of victuals and the manner of cooking them.

Page 285, l. 11. Agricolo, etc.: the farmer is the first who after a long day of toil in the fields adapted rustic songs to the laws of metre; the first in satisfied leisure to modulate a song on his reed, which he would say before the gods decked with flowers. It was the farmer, O Bacchus, who with his face colored with reddish minium, taught his untrained feet the first movements of the dance.

Page 287, l. 13. Quippe etiam, etc.: for even on holy days, divine and human laws allow us to perform certain works. No religion has forbidden to clear the channels, to raise a fence before the corn, to lay snares for birds, to fire the thorns, and plunge in the wholesome river a flock of bleating sheep.

Page 303, l. 2. lex de ambitu: law concerning the courting of popular favor in canvassing.

Page 307, l. 4. Eandem, etc.: a time will come when you will bewail that valor of yours.

Page 309, l. 7. Spectatum, etc.: they come to see, but they come also to be seen.

Page 313, l. 27. summuts artifex: consummate artist.

Page 314, l. 3. gravis: serious.

Page 314, l. 4. gravitas: seriousness.

Page 315, l. 14. Fescennina, etc.: the rude Fescennine farce grew from rites like these, where rustic taunts were hurled in alternate verse; and the pleasing license, tolerated from year to year, gambolled, etc.

Page 317, l. 18. Nihil mihi, etc.: know well that I lacked nothing except company with whom to laugh in a friendly way and intelligently over these things.

Page 324, l. 28. mos maiorum: the customs of our ancestors.

Page 327, l. 12. Felix, etc.: blessed is he who succeeded in knowing the causes of events.

Page 327, l. 16. Fortunatus, etc.: fortunate he also who knows the rustic gods.

Page 333, l. 6. lectisternia: a feast of the gods during which their images on pillars were placed in the streets.

Page 333, l. 6. supplicationes: religious solemnities for supplication.

Page 333, l. 6. ludi: games.

Page 339, l. 23. numen: godhead, deity.

Page 340, footnote 3. idem etiam, etc.: he says also that Jupiter is the power of this law, eternal and immutable, which is the guide, so to speak, of our life and the principle of our duties; a law which he calls a fatal necessity, an eternal truth of future things.

Page 341, l. 15. qua: as.

Page 341, l. 26. O qui res, etc.: thou who rulest with eternal sway the doings of men and gods.

Page 342, l. 1. Olli, etc.: the sire of men and gods, smiling to her with that aspect wherewith he clears the tempestuous sky, gently kissed his daughter's lips; then thus replies: Cytherea, cease from fear; immovable to thee remain the fates of thy people.

Page 351, l. 13. Iuppiter, etc.: Jove reserved these shores for the just, when he alloyed the golden age with brass; with brass, then with iron he hardened the ages, from which there shall be a happy escape according to my predictions.