Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

Inconsistent use of small-caps and Proper caps in names unchanged.

Inconsistent use of periods after Regnal numbers not changed.

Footnotes moved from bottoms of pages to the end of the text, just before the Index.

The Index was not checked for correct page references.

Cover created by Transcriber and placed in the Public Domain.

Pages v, 231: Chapter summaries refer to "Samuel bar Chofni," but all occurrences in the body of the text and in the Index are to "Samuel ben Chofni".

Page 146: "His son Abu-Sahal Ali (835–853)" date range seems to be too short.

Page 648: Missing closing quotation mark added after 'and to sustain our hope.'

Page 654: Alphabetization sequence error corrected.

Page 664: "Judaism: d philosophy" was printed that way in the original.