NOTE

PRELUDE

CHAPTER I

CHAPTER II

CHAPTER III

CHAPTER IV

CHAPTER V

CHAPTER VI

CHAPTER VII

CHAPTER VIII

CHAPTER IX

CHAPTER X

CHAPTER XI

CHAPTER XII

CHAPTER XIII

CHAPTER XIV

CHAPTER XV

CHAPTER XVI

CHAPTER XVII

CHAPTER XVIII

CHAPTER XIX

CHAPTER XX

CHAPTER XXI

APPENDIX I

APPENDIX II LEADERS AND PREMIERS AFTER THE UNION OF 1841

APPENDIX III LISTE DES GOUVERNEMENTS DE LA PROVINCE DE QUEBEC

INDEX

Title: Old Quebec

The Fortress of New France

Author: Sir Gilbert Parker and Claude Glennon Bryan

Language: English

Character set encoding: UTF-8

Note:

Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries. See http://www.archive.org/details/oldquebecfortres00parkuoft

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MAJOR GENERAL JAMES WOLFE

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OLD QUEBEC

THE FORTRESS OF NEW FRANCE

BY

GILBERT PARKER

AND

CLAUDE G. BRYAN

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS

New York

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd.

1903

All rights reserved

Copyright, 1903,

By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.

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Set up, electrotyped, and published September, 1903. Reprinted November, 1903.

Norwood Press

J. S. Cushing & Co.—Berwick & Smith Co.
Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

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CONTENTS

			page
	Note		xvii
	Prelude		xix
CHAPTER I	Early Voyages		1
CHAPTER II	The Era of Champlain		19
CHAPTER III	The Heroic Age of New France		44
CHAPTER IV	Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam		66
CHAPTER V	Royal Government		85
CHAPTER VI	The Noblesse and the People		95
CHAPTER VII	Frontenac and La Salle		110
CHAPTER VIII	Fire, Massacre, and Siege		134
CHAPTER IX	The Close of the Century		159
CHAPTER X	Border Warfare		175
CHAPTER XI	The Beginning of the End		187
CHAPTER XII	Life under the Ancien RÉgime		218
CHAPTER XIII	During the Seven Years' War		246
CHAPTER XIV	Here died Wolfe Victorious		268
CHAPTER XV	Murray and De LÉvis		299
CHAPTER XVI	The First Years of British Rule		325
CHAPTER XVII	The Fifth Siege		342
CHAPTER XVIII	Social and Political Progress		364
CHAPTER XIX	The Story of the Great Trading Companies		394
CHAPTER XX	The New Century		422
CHAPTER XXI	The Modern Period		443
	Appendices		473
	Index		479

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LIST OF PLATES

Major-General James Wolfe	Frontispiece
	face page
FranÇois-Xavier de Laval	16
Cardinal de Richelieu	48
The Earl of Chatham	187
General the Marquis Montcalm	271
General Sir Jeffrey Amherst	282
Admiral Earl St. Vincent	294
General Gage	301
The Hon. Robert Monckton	307
[1]General Sir A. P. Irving	317
General Townshend	327
Sir James Henry Craig	342
Sir John Cope Sherbrooke	355
The Fourth Duke of Richmond	368
Admiral Viscount Nelson	374
Lord Dalhousie	376
General Lord Aylmer	395
The Earl of Durham	407
Sir John Colborne	417
Lord Sydenham	424
Sir Charles Bagot	434
General Earl Cathcart	443
The Earl of Elgin	452
Lord Lisgar	458
The Marquis of Dufferin and Ava	466

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

	page
Jacques Cartier	7
Manoir de Jacques Cartier À Limoulon	11
Arrival of Jacques Cartier at Quebec, 1535	13
Cap Rouge	17
Champlain	21
Montmorency Falls	25
Bonne Ste. Anne (Old Church)	31
Marie de l'Incarnation	51
Ursuline Nuns of Quebec (Salle d'Étude, noviciat)	55
Jesuits' College and Church	56
ChÂteau Saint Louis, 1694	57
The Ursulines' Convent	61
Monument to the First Canadian Missionary	71
BrÉbeuf	74
Lalement	75
Colbert	87
Old Bishop's Palace	103
New Palace Gate	105
Intendant's Palace	107
Frontenac	113
Old St. Louis Gate	117
Robert Cavelier de la Salle	123
Sir William Phipps	147
Plan of Fort St. Louis, 1683	151
The Citadel To-day (from Dufferin Terrace)	153
Notre Dame de la Victoire	157
The Citadel in Winter	173
Lieut.-General Sir William Pepperell, Bart.	189
Bienville	193
De Bougainville	197
Ruins of ChÂteau Bigot	201
Le Chien d'Or	202
Plan of the City of Quebec, 1759	207
Major-General Sir Isaac Barre	209
Sir Hugh Palliser, Bart.	213
The City of Quebec in 1759	219
Baron Grant	221
Baroness de Longueil	223
Upper Town Market To-day	225
New St. John's Gate	227
Petit Champlain Street To-day	229
Old Prescott Gate	231
A Carriole	234
Village of Beauport	235
The Basilica	239
Jesuits' Barracks	241
CalÈches	243
Quebec (from LÉvi)	245
De LÉvis	251
Sir George Bridges Rodney, Bart. (Governor of Newfoundland, 1759)	263
Entrance to the Citadel To-day	270
Hope Gate	272
Admiral Sir Charles Saunders	274
The Manor-House at Beauport, Montcalm's Headquarters	277
General Hospital	284
Captain James Cook	290
New Kent Gate	301
Church of the RÉcollets and La Grande Place	309
Old French House, St. John Street	315
Manor House, Sillery	319
Montreal in 1760	329
General Richard Montgomery	345
Cape Diamond	357
Benjamin Franklin	365
Charles Carroll of Carrollton	367
Samuel Chase	369
Breakneck Steps To-day	371
Old Parliament House, Quebec	377
H.R.H. the Duke of Kent, K.B	379
St. Lawrence River from the Citadel	381
PercÉe Rock	387
Hon. William Osgoode	389
New St. Louis Gate	390
Old Market Square, Upper Town	391
Frontenac Terrace To-day	392
Mr. Samuel Hearne	397
Prince of Wales's Fort, Hudson's Bay, 1777	401
Prince Rupert	403
Sir Alexander Mackenzie	415
Simon M'Tavish	419
Earl of Selkirk	420
Ferry-Boat on the St. Lawrence	423
Sir Gordon Drummond	427
Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, K.B.	430
General de Salaberry	435
A Beggar of CÔte BeauprÉ	437
St. Louis Street, Place d'Armes, and New Court House	448
City Hall, Quebec	444
Lieut.-Colonel John By, R.E.	445
Sir Peregrine Maitland	448
Trappists at Mistassini	449
The Hon. Louis Joseph Papineau	451
English Cathedral	455
The Marquis of Lorne (Duke of Argyll)	461
Sir George Cartier	465
Sir John A. Macdonald	467
Sir Wilfrid Laurier	469

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MAPS

1.	Canada and the North American Colonies, 1680-1782	Face page 110
	The Environs of Quebec, 1759.
	Louisbourg, to show the Sieges of 1744 and 1758.
2.	Plan of Quebec, 1759. From a Map published in London in 1760	Page 207
3.	Plan of the River St. Lawrence	Face page 268
4.	Map of Upper and Lower Canada, illustrating events until the Campaign of 1814	Face page 378
5.	The Territory of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1670-1870	Face page 399

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