1. (n.) The knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws\.

2. (n.) A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained.

3. (n.) Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy.

4. (n.) Reasoning; argumentation.

5. (n.) The course of sciences read in the schools.

6. (n.) A treatise on philosophy.

Aristotelianism Berkeleianism Bradleianism Buddha-like composure Cynicism Cyrenaic hedonism Cyrenaicism Epicureanism Fichteanism Hegelianism Heideggerianism Heracliteanism Herbartianism Humism Kantianism Leibnizianism Marxism Mimamsa Neo-Hegelianism Neo-Pythagoreanism Neoplatonism Newtonian physics Oriental calm Peripateticism Platonism Purva Mimamsa Pyrrhonism Pythagoreanism Sankhya Schellingism Scotism Socratism Sophism Sophistry Spencerianism Stoicism Thomism Weltanschauung acosmism acoustics aerophysics aesthetics agnosticism animalism animatism animism aplomb applied physics astrophysics atomism attitude basic conductor physics biophysics body of ideas calm disposition calm of mind calmness chemical physics composure control cool coolheadedness coolness cosmotheism countenance criticism cryogenics crystallography cytophysics deduction deductive reasoning deism demonstration dialectical materialism discourse discourse of reason discursive reason dispassion dualism easy mind eclecticism egoism electron physics electronics electrophysics empiricism epistemology equanimity ethics ethos eudaemonism existentialism feeling geophysics hedonism humanism hylomorphism hylotheism hylozoism icy calm idea idealism ideology immaterialism imperturbability imperturbation indisturbance individualism induction inductive reasoning intuitionism logic logical thought macrophysics materialism mathematical physics mechanics mechanism medicophysics mental composure mentalism metaphysics microphysics monism mysticism natural philosophy natural science naturalism neocriticism nominalism notion nuclear physics ontologism ontology opinion optics optimism organic mechanism organicism outlook panpsychism pantheism patience peace of mind peacefulness pessimism philosophic composure philosophicalness physic physical chemistry physical science physicalism physicism physicochemistry physicomathematics physics placidity pluralism point of view positivism pragmaticism pragmatism proof psychism psychological hedonism psychophysics quiet quiet mind quietude radiation physics radionics ratiocination rationalism rationality rationalization rationalizing realism reason reasonableness reasoning resignation restraint sang-froid sangfroid secular humanism self-control self-possession semiotic semiotics sensationalism sentiment serenity skepticism solar physics solid-state physics soothingness sophistry specious reasoning statics stereophysics stoicism substantialism sweet reason syncretism system of ideas system of theories tenets theism theoretical physics thermodynamics thinking thoughtfulness tranquillity transcendentalism unruffledness utilitarianism viewpoint voluntarism world view zoophysics