1. (n.) The act of defying, putting in opposition, or provoking to combat; a challenge; a provocation; a summons to combat.

2. (n.) A state of opposition; willingness to flight; disposition to resist; contempt of opposition.

3. (n.) A casting aside; renunciation; rejection.

audacity boldness bravado brazenness call cartel challenge combative reaction command complaint contempt contrariness contumaciousness contumacy counteraction dare declaration of war defi defiance of authority defy demur despite dispute dissent dissentience effrontery factiousness fractiousness hardihood headstrongness impudence incorrigibility indocility indomitability insolence insubordination insuppressibility insurgency intractability intractableness irrepressibility muster negativism noncooperation objection obstinacy obstreperousness opposition order orneriness passive resistance perversity protest reaction rebelliousness rebuff recalcitrance recalcitrancy recalcitration refractoriness reluctance remonstrance renitence renitency repellence repellency repulse repulsion resistance restiveness revolt shrewishness stand stubbornness stump summons temerity uncontrollability uncooperativeness ungovernability unmalleability unmanageability unmoldableness unruliness unsubmissiveness untamableness wildness withstanding