INDEX

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A

Anaconda, Waterton’s description of, 75

Animals, domestic, in South America, 259;
introduced by the Spaniards, 258, 259;
extinct, 259, 260

Ant-hills, 246

Ants in the tropics, depredations of, 247

Aruac Indians, 95

Augustine, St., Fla., 5

B

Bamboo, many uses of, 339

Bananas, varieties and uses of, 179;
industry in, extent of, 405 et seq.;
as a food, value of, 406, 407;
legends concerning, 418

Barranquilla, importance of, 377, 378

BarrigÓn, description of, 195 et seq.

Beauvois, E., on traditions regarding Fountain of Youth and River Jordan, 15 et seq.

Belalcazar, Sebastian de, meets Quesada and Federmann on plain of BogotÁ, 294–298, 332

Bell-bird, Waterton and Sydney Smith on, 183

Birds, migratory, in the tropics, 249–252

Boats on the Orinoco, 87, 88;
on the Magdalena, 349

BogotÁ, foundation of, 285;
location of, 286;
description and population of, 286 et seq.;
schools and scholars of, 300 et seq.

Bolivar, Simon, liberator of South America, 303 et seq.;
estimates of, by Tejera and Larazabel, 304, 305;
opinions of Hippisley and General Holstein concerning, 305–308;
ante-mortem statements of, 311

Brendan, St., in the New World, 13;
vanishing island of, 399, 400

Buccaneers, origin of, 390–392;
skill and courage of, 393, 394;
religion of, 394;
depredations and ferocity of, 395, 396;
secretly encouraged by various governments, 397

Buena Vista, Colombia, view from, 235, 236

Butterflies, tropical, 337, 338

C

Cabuyaro, village on the Meta, 186

Calabash tree, utility of, 179

Callao, Venezuela, mines of, 90, 91

Canoes used by the Indians, 174, 175

Caqueza, experience in, 254;
climate of, 256, 257

Caracas, 41, 42;
compared with Taormina, 42

Carib Indians, 95, 98;
misrepresentations of, 97, 98;
language of, 99–101

Carib fish, remarkable teeth of, 181

Cariben, Raudal de, scenery about, 144

Cartagena, location and past history of, 380–385

Cassiquiare river, first explorer of, 142, 143

Castellanos, Juan de, on the Fountain of Youth, 11, 12;
his work as poet and historian, 139, 299, 318

Castle, Morro, in Havana, 20;
in Santiago, 28

Cayman, numbers of, 366–369

Chibchas. See Muiscas

Chicha, how made and general use of, 333–335

Chinchona trees in Colombia, 231, 232

Churches, large and beautiful, in South America, 260

Ciudad Bolivar, 102;
foundation and description of, 102–107

Colombians of the eastern Cordilleras, characteristics of, 240–244;
of BogotÁ, 313

Columbus, Christopher, regards Cuba as Cathay and EspaÑola as Japan, 21;
on scenery of Cuba, 23;
notions of, about EspaÑola, 29, 30;
remains of, in Cathedral of Santo Domingo, 35–37;
Humboldt’s estimate of, 37;
monument for, 37;
view of, regarding the shape of the earth, 67;
view of, regarding the location of the Garden of Paradise, 68;
experience of, with storms, 386;
visits Costa Rica, 402–404;
at Veragua, 425

Cordillera, eastern, temperature on summit of, 275;
hardships endured by Bolivar’s army while crossing, 276, 277

Costa Rica, origin of name, 402;
scenery in, 408, 409;
railways of, 409, 423, 424;
fruits of, 410, 416–419;
negroes of, 411, 412;
coffee of, 413;
curious beliefs in, 422, 433

Couvade, the, among the Indians of South America, 152 et seq.

Crocodile. See Cayman

Cross, Southern, 101, 102

Cross section of oriental Andes, 326

Crosses, before houses along the Meta, 185, 186

Cuba, regarded as Cathay by Columbus, 21

CuraÇao, island of, 38

Curare poison, composition and manufacture of, 169

Currency, Colombian, depreciation of, 314–316

D

Darwin, Charles, on tropical scenery, 83–86;
on extinct mammals in South America, 259

Dobrizhoffer, Padre, on the Couvade among the Indians of South America, 153

Domingo, Santo, city of, 34–37;
cathedral of, 35

E

Egret hunting in South America, 107

EspaÑola, introduction of slavery into, 31–34

Esquemeling, historian of the Buccaneers, 391

F

Federmann, Nicholas, expedition of, 238, 239;
place where he crossed the Cordillera, 280;
meets Quesada and Belalcazar on plain of BogotÁ, 294–298

Fireflies, brilliancy of, 179, 190

Florida, as described by early explorers, 5, 6;
origin of name, 6, 7;
when discovered, and by whom, 7, 8, 9

Flowers, beauty and abundance of, in the tropics, 180

Flute bird, musical notes of, 184

Fountain of Youth and Juan Ponce de Leon, 9 et seq.;
Gomara, Fontenada and Juan de Castellanos on, 10–12;
Sir John Mandeville regarding, 14

G

Germans in South America, enterprise of, 173, 174, 353;
early attempt of, at colonization, 239

Guaduas, beautiful location of, 339

Guahibos Indians, greatly misrepresented, 170

Guayra, La, port of, 39, 40

Gumilla, Padre, on Indians of Orinoco delta, 78;
account of the moriche palm by, 78, 79

H

Haiti, 29 et seq.

Hammock, general use of, in the tropics, 177

Havana, 20 et seq.

Hohermuth, George—Jorge de Spira—expedition of, 237, 238

Home-builders, in the eastern Cordilleras of Colombia, 244–246

Honda, description of, 346–348

Hospitality of the people in the equatorial regions, 187, 188, 220

Humming-birds, 338

HÜtten, Philip von, wanderings of, 238

I

Indians, of Cumana, gentleness of, 47;
former missions among, along the Meta and in Casanare, 155, 156;
simplicity of homes of, 178, 179, 246;
legends and superstitions of, 264–267

J

JosÉ, San, capital of Costa Rica, attractions of, 414–416;
people of, 421, 422

K

Keys, Florida, 18, 19

L

Labat, PÈre, on introduction and use of tobacco, 25;
on language of Caribs, 99–101

Las Casas, Bishop, on cruelty to Indians, 28, 29;
projected commonwealth of, 47, 48;
words from will of, 49;
Fiske’s eulogy on, 49;
diocese of, 387;
Thacher’s eulogy on, 388

Leon, Juan Ponce de, 9 et seq.;
remains of, in Puerto Rico, 38

Lights, mysterious, on the Andes, 191 et seq.

Llanos of Colombia, 202 et seq.;
herds on, 204, 205;
value of pastures of, 205;
accessibility of, 205;
as a region for investment and exploitation, 207;
inhabitants of, 210 et seq.;
poets of, 211, 212;
trails in, 214, 215

Llanos of Venezuela, 126–129;
inhabitants of, 129, 131;
remarkable capture of Spanish gun-boats by Llaneros under Paez, 131

Loneliness in the mountains, 263

M

Magdalena river, description of, 350, 351;
navigation on, 351, 352;
frequent changes in bed of,353, 355;
as commercial highway, 355, 356, 357;
inhabitants in valley of, 358;
scenery along, 358, 359;
fauna in the valley of, 364 et seq.

Main, Spanish, meaning of, 39

Mandeville, Sir John, on Fountain of Youth, 14

Margarita, island of, and its pearl fisheries, 49–53

Martyr, Peter, father of American history, 7;
about Indian dwellings on tree tops, 77

Meta river, size of, 146;
traveling on, 159;
inhabitants along, 160;
beauty of scenery along, 190, 191;
navigability of, 206;
should be open to all vessels, 230

Milk tree, 157

Missions, Indian, 86

Monkey bridges, stories about, 151

MontaÑa, traveling in, 201, 221

Muiscas, 319 et seq.;
an agricultural people, 320;
commerce of, 321;
civilization and culture of, 322–324;
trails of, 332

Mule, Andean, idiosyncrasies of, 239, 240, 336–337

O

Ocoa river, difficulty in crossing, 222–225

Orchids, beauty and number of species of, in the tropics, 161–163, 359

Ordaz, Diego de, an officer under Cortez, explores the Orinoco, 140–142

Orinoco, delta of, described by Sir Walter Raleigh, 70, 71;
exuberant vegetation of, 75;
stories about Indians having houses on tops of trees in, 76, 78;
exploration of, by A. E. Level, 80, 81;
inhabitants of, 81

Orinoco river, first view of, 72;
magnitude of, 82;
scenery along, 83;
fauna in valley of, 85, 86;
steamers on, 87;
travelers on, 88, 89;
erroneous notions about, 114–119;
insects along, 114;
temperature in valley of, 116, 117;
temperature and turbidity of water of, 133

OrocuÉ, capital of a prefecture, described, 166

P

Palms, number of species and uses of, 78, 79, 203, 204, 371–374

Paradise, Terrestrial, 68, 69, 400, 401

Paramo, defined, 272; flora of, 273;
dangers in, 274

Paria, gulf of, 64 et seq.

Pearl Coast, 46 et seq.

Pirates, 388, 389

Pitch Lake, 62

Platanos, as food in the tropics, 179, 198

Poncho, description and use of, 213, 214

Porpoises, fresh water, 182

Port-of-Spain, botanical garden of, 58–60

Puerto Cabello, 45

Puerto Limon, importance of, 404, 405

Puerto Rico, 38

Q

Quesada, Gonzalo, Jimenez de, 285, 294;
buried in cathedral of BogotÁ, 299;
first man of letters of BogotÁ, 299, 332;
voyage of, down the Magdalena, 340;
expedition of, to Cundinamarca, difficulty of, 360–362

R

Railways, Colombian, 316, 317, 357, 358

Raleigh, Sir Walter, on the delta of the Orinoco, 71;
account by, of the treasures of Guiana, 93, 94;
remarks of, on winter and summer in the tropics, 120

Rivero, Padre, work of, among the Indians along the Meta, 148 et seq.;
on the couvade among the Indians along the Meta, 152

Rubber plantations in Colombia, 231

S

Sabana de BogotÁ, 290, 317–319

Saddle used in Cordilleras, 325

Santiago de Cuba, 28

Sargento, El, magnificent view from summit of, 340–343

Scenery along trail over the eastern Cordilleras, 247–249

Serpent’s Mouth, strait of, described by Columbus, 65

Silla, La, mountain of, 39

Slavery, negro, first introduction of, into America, 31–34

Soto, Hernando de, in Florida, 12

Suma Paz, range of, 278, 279

T

Telegraph, in the tropics, 261

Tequendama, Falls of, 290, 293, 294

Tierra fria, tierra templada, tierra caliente, characteristics of, 270–274

Tobacco, discovery of, 24;
use of, by aborigines of America, 24, 25;
Benzoni, PÈre Labat, and King James on, 24–26;
value of, as source of revenue to Spain, 27

Trapiche, described, 332

Treasures found by the conquistadores, 363

Trees, remarkable, in the tropics, 156, 157

Trinidad, island of, 54 et seq.;
scenery of, 61, 62;
smugglers in, 63

Turtles, immense numbers of, on the sand banks of the Orinoco, 132

V

Valencia, 45

Varnhagen, M., on the discoveries of Americus Vespucius, 8, 9

Venezuela, reflections on, 134–138;
advantages and natural resources of, 134;
area of, 135;
revolutions in, 135;
future of, 136–139

Vespucius, Americus, discoverer of Florida, 8

Villavicencio, town of, visit to, 225 et seq.

W

Waraus Indians, 94, 95

Welser colony in Venezuela, 239

Wild, call of the, 261, 262

Winds, trade, at summit of the Cordilleras, 269

Women, market, in the Cordilleras, 258

Y

Yuca, as source of food, 180

AN AMERICAN ADMIRAL.

Forty-five Years Under the Flag.

By Winfield Scott Schley, Rear-Admiral, U. S. N. Illustrated. 8vo. Cloth, uncut edges, and gilt top, $3.00 net.

About one-third of Admiral Schley’s volume is devoted to the Spanish War, in which he became so great a figure. He tells his own story in simple and effective words. His recollections are constantly reinforced by references to dispatches and other documents.

Readers will be surprised at the extent of Admiral Schley’s experiences. He left the Naval Academy just before the outbreak of the Civil War and saw service with Farragut in the Gulf. Three chapters are devoted to Civil War events. His next important service was rendered during the opening of Corea to the commerce of the world, and the chapter in which he describes the storming of the forts is one of thrilling interest. Another important expedition in his life was the rescue of Greely, to which three chapters are devoted. Two other chapters pertain to the Revolution in Chili, and the troubles growing out of the attack upon some of Admiral Schley’s men in the streets of Valparaiso.

Altogether the book contains thirty-eight chapters. It has been illustrated from material furnished by Admiral Schley and through his suggestions, and makes an octavo volume of large size. It will appeal to every true-hearted American.

The author says in his preface: “In times of danger and duty the writer endeavored to do the work set before him without fear of consequences. With this thought in mind, he has felt moved, as a duty to his wife, his children, and his name, to leave a record of his long professional life, which has not been without some prestige, at least for the flag he has loved and under which he has served the best years of his life.”

“Rear-Admiral W. S. Schley’s ‘Forty-five Years Under the Flag’ is the most valuable contribution to the history of the American Navy that has been written in many a year.”—New York Times.

“The author’s career is well worthy of a book, and he has every reason for pride in telling of his forty-five active years in all parts of the world.” —Edwin L. Shuman in the Chicago Record-Herald.

“It is a stirring story, told with the simple directness of a sailor. Its reading carries the conviction of its truthfulness. The Admiral could not have hoped to accomplish more.”—Chicago Evening Post.

“He has told his own story in his own way, from his own viewpoint, and goes after his detractors, open and above board, with his big guns.”—Washington Post.

“It is a work that will interest every one, from the sixteen-year-old school-boy who is studying history and loves tales of stirring adventure to the grandsire whose blood still pulses hotly with patriotic pride at the recounting of valiant deeds of arms under our starry flag.”—Boston American.

“The Admiral tells the story well. His is a manly and straightforward style. He leaves nothing to doubt, nothing open to controversy.”—Baltimore Sun.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY.

The Journal of Latrobe.

Being the Notes and Sketches of an Architect, Naturalist, and Traveller in the United States from 1796 to 1820 By Benjamin Henry Latrobe, Architect of the Capitol at Washington. Copiously illustrated with reproductions from the original drawings by the author. 8vo. Ornamental cloth, $3.50 net.

These are the memoirs of a personal friend of the first President of the United States. He was a man of refinement and great intellectual attainments, a soldier, civil engineer, philosopher, artist, humorist, poet, and naturalist. The book is bright with story and anecdote, criticism and comment.

“Benjamin Latrobe was a man of the world and a clever commentator on what he saw going on around him. One of the best pen pictures of Washington is Latrobe’s account of a visit to the Father of his Country at Mt. Vernon in 1796.”—Review of Reviews.

“Mr. Latrobe was a keen observer, and his notes of travel in the South are valuable in an attempt to picture the life of a century ago.—Chicago Tribune.

“Benjamin Latrobe visited Washington at Mt. Vernon and recorded what he saw very fully. Then, late in life, he went to New Orleans by sea and wrote full notes of his voyage and his impressions. Both diaries are full of interest. Between them are placed in this volume papers relating to the building of the Capitol. Prefixed to the volume is a biographical introduction written by his son thirty years ago. The illustrations are curious and interesting.”—New York Sun.

“With what has been said of the volume it should be evident that it is curious, interesting, and instructive to an unusual degree. To speak of ‘The Journal of Latrobe’ without mention of its illustrations would be an unpardonable oversight.”—San Francisco Chronicle.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

VIVID, MOVING, SYMPATHETIC, HUMOROUS.

A Diary from Dixie.

By Mary Boykin Chesnut. Being her Diary from November, 1861, to August, 1865. Edited by Isabella D. Martin and Myrta Lockett Avary. Illustrated 8vo. Ornamental Cloth, $2.50 net; postage additional.

Mrs. Chesnut was the most brilliant woman that the South has ever produced, and the charm of her writing is such as to make all Southerners proud and all Northerners envious. She was the wife of James Chesnut, Jr., who was United States Senator from South Carolina from 1859 to 1861, and acted as an aid to President Jefferson Davis, and was subsequently a Brigadier-General in the Confederate Army. Thus it was that she was intimately acquainted with all the foremost men in the Southern cause.

“In this diary is preserved the most moving and vivid record of the Southern Confederacy of which we have any knowledge. It is a piece of social history of inestimable value. It interprets to posterity the spirit in which the Southerners entered upon and struggled through the war that ruined them. It paints poignantly but with simplicity the wreck of that old world which had so much about it that was beautiful and noble as well as evil. Students of American life have often smiled, and with reason, at the stilted and extravagant fashion in which the Southern woman had been described south of Mason and Dixon’s line—the unconscious self-revelations of Mary Chesnut explain, if they do not justify, such extravagance. For here, we cannot but believe, is a creature of a fine type, a ‘very woman,’ a very Beatrice, frank, impetuous, loving, full of sympathy, full of humor. Like her prototype, she had prejudices, and she knew little of the Northern people she criticised so severely; but there is less bitterness in these pages than we might have expected. Perhaps the editors have seen to that. However this may be they have done nothing to injure the writer’s own nervous, unconventional style—a style breathing character and temperament as the flower breathes fragrance.—New York Tribune.

“It is written straight from the heart, and with a natural grace of style that no amount of polishing could have imparted.”—Chicago Record-Herald.

“The editors are to be congratulated; it is not every day that one comes on such material as this long-hidden diary.”—Louisville Evening Post.

“It is a book that would have delighted Charles Lamb.”—Houston Chronicle.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

ALL ABOUT EARTHQUAKES.

Earthquakes.

By Prof. William Herbert Hobbs, Ph.D., formerly of the University of Wisconsin and now head of the Department of Geology in the University of Michigan. Illustrated. 12mo. Ornamental cloth, $1.50 net; postage additional.

Any book on earthquakes prepared by a great authority and adapted for popular reading would be interesting. Professor Hobbs has been for years a special student of the noted geological tract in southwestern New England, which is the focus of much controversy and in which he prepared himself for the especial study of earthquakes, faults, dikes, and associated phenomena. From his experience in America, in Spain, and in Italy, he has been fortunately enabled to discover what promises to be a new law of earthquake faults, which law is so simple and appropriate that it was at once adopted by the world’s greatest authority on earthquakes, the Count de Montessus de Ballore.

While the book contains allusions to the new theory of earthquake faults, it also fairly presents the whole subject of earthquakes in its proper proportion and perspective, giving complete lists of all the great seismological disturbances and detailed descriptions of all the more important and typical earthquakes. The book is written from the standpoint of a great scientist, but in language which an ordinary reader can easily understand.

“Mr. Hobbs’ study of the subject is exhaustive and very clear, sensible and of practical benefit.”—Seattle Post-Intelligencer.

“Professor Hobbs furnishes valuable observations made of recent earthquakes. The book is scholarly and well written; a good book that even the casual reader can peruse with pleasure.”—New York World.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

BOOKS BY PROFESSOR GROOS.

The Play of Man.

By Karl Groos, Professor of Philosophy in the University of Basel. Translated, with the author’s coÖperation, by Elizabeth L. Baldwin, and edited, with a Preface and Appendix, by Prof. J. Mark Baldwin, of Princeton University, 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 net; postage, 12 cents additional.

“A book for parents to read and ponder over with care and mental diligence.”—Chicago Tribune.

“Not alone does the work make an appeal to the strictly scientific. The general reader will find in it absorbingly interesting facts, presented in a way which may prove of practical use.”—Boston Advertiser.

“A very valuable book. The results of Professor Groos’s original and acute investigations will be especially appreciated by those who are interested in psychology and sociology, and they are of great importance to educators.”—Brooklyn Standard Union.

The Play of Animals.

By Karl Groos. Translated, with the author’s coÖperation, by Elizabeth L. Baldwin, and edited, with a Preface and Appendix, by Prof. J. Mark Baldwin, of Princeton University, 12mo. Cloth, $1.75.

“A work of exceptional interest to the student”—San Francisco Argonaut.

“His work is intensely interesting. Both nature and books have been ransacked for materials, and the selection shows a trained intelligence of the highest order in observation and acumen.”—The Independent.

“A treasure-house of the most amusing and interesting stories about the entire brute creation, from elephants to ants, all adduced as illustrating some mental process. We feel that we are brought into closer contact with, and a better understanding of, those faithful friends from whom we learn so much.”—Boston Beacon.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.

TWENTIETH CENTURY TEXT-BOOKS.

TEXT-BOOKS OF ZOOLOGY.

By David Starr Jordan, President of Leland Stanford Jr. University; Vernon Lyman Kellogg, Professor of Entomology; Harold Heath, Assistant Professor of Invertebrate Zoology.

Evolution and Animal Life.

This is a popular discussion of the facts, processes, laws, and theories relating to the life and evolution of animals. The reader of it will have a very clear idea of the all-important theory of evolution as it has been developed and as it is held to-day by scientists. 8vo. Cloth, with about 300 illustrations, $2.50 net; postage 20 cents additional.

Animal Studies.

A compact but complete treatment of elementary zoology, especially prepared for institutions of learning that prefer to find in a single book an ecological as well as morphological survey of the animal world. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25 net.

Animal Life.

An elementary account of animal ecology—that is, of the relations of animals to their surroundings. It treats of animals from the standpoint of the observer, and shows why the present conditions and habits of animal life are as we find them. 12mo. Cloth, $1.20 net.

Animal Forms.

This book deals in an elementary way with animal morphology. It describes the structure and life processes of animals, from the lowest creations to the highest and most complex, 12mo. Cloth, $1.10 net.

Animals.

This consists of “Animal Life” and “Animal Forms” bound in one volume. 12mo. Cloth, $1.80.

Animal Structures.

A laboratory guide in the teaching of elementary zoology, 12mo. Cloth, 50 cents net.

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY,

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