[1] An absurd suggestion made by the State Superintendent of New York.
[2] In order to get at the full amount of plunder, I ought to know how much the beneficiaries of tariff and other laws pocket. But statistics on this point are unfortunately not to be had. The amount must, however, be very large.
[3] These figures represent the expenditures before the war with Spain. That deplorable event will increase them considerably.
[4] It has been suggested by J. Novicow that, by a competition of this kind among nations, an improvement in legislation might be forced upon them.
[5] As in the demand of Johnny Powers, the great Chicago boss, for the removal of Hull House from his ward, politics often leads to hostility to the work of philanthropists to ameliorate the condition of the poor. Another striking example of the same evil was the failure of a Quay legislature to provide for the maintenance of the State charitable institutions of Pennsylvania, and its sham investigation of the pitiful condition of the inhabitants of a mining district.
[6] Advance sheets from The Races of Europe, in press of D. Appleton and Company, many footnotes and detailed references being here omitted.
[8] Consult Taylor, 1890, p. 48; Von Luschan, 1889, p. 198; Sax, 1863, p. 97.
[9] Consult Fligier, 1881. Stephanos, 1884, p. 430, gives a complete bibliography of the older works. Cf. also Reinach, 1893 b, in his review of Hesselmeyer; and on the supposed Hittites, the works of Wright, De Cara, Conder, etc.
[10] Stephanos, 1884, p. 432, asserts the Pelasgi to have been brachycephalic, while Zampa, 1886 b, p. 639, as positively affirms the contrary view.
[11] Nicolucci, 1865 and 1867; Zaborowski, 1881; Virchow, 1882 and 1893; Lapouge, 1896 a, pp. 412-419; and Sergi, 1895 a, p. 75, are best on ancient Greek crania.
[14] Philippson, Zur Ethnographie des Peloponnes. Petermann, xxxvi, 1890, pp. 1-11, 33-41, with map, gives a good outline of these. Consult also Stephanos, 1884, pp. 422 et seq.
[15] Cf. Couvreur, 1890, p. 514; and Freeman, 1877 d, p. 401.
[16] Weisbach, 1882; Nicolucci, 1867; Apostolides in Bull. Soc. d'Anth., 1883, p. 614; Stephanos, 1884; Neophytos, 1891; Lapouge, 1896 a, p. 419. Von Luschan, 1889, p. 209, illustrates the similarity between the Greek and the Bedouin skull.
[18] Neophytos finds 82.5 per cent of dark-brown or black hair, only five per cent blond or red; while seventeen per cent of the eyes were dark among two hundred individuals.
[20] VambÉry, 1885, divides the Ural-Altaic family into five groups—viz., (1) Samoyed, (2) Tungus, (3) Finnic, (4) Mongolic, (5) Turkish or Tatar.
[21] On terminology consult VambÉry, 1885, p. 60; Chantre, 1895, p. 199; Keane, 1897, p. 302.
[22] Complete data on these people will be found in Ujfalvy, 1878-'80, iii, pp. 7-50; Les Aryens, etc., 1896, pp. 385-434; Bogdanof, 1888; Yavorski, 1897.
[23] Ujfalvy (Les Aryens, etc., 1896, p. 428) found chestnut hair most frequent, with twenty-seven per cent of blondness, among some of the Tadjiks. The eyes are often greenish gray or blue (Ujfalvy, 1878-'80, iii, pp. 23-33, tables).
[24] On the anthropology of European Turks, Weisbach, 1873, is the only authority. He found an average cephalic index of 82.8 in 148 cases. Elisyeef, 1890-'91, and Chantre, 1895, pp. 206-211, have worked in Anatolia, with indices of 86 for 143 individuals, and 84.5 for 120 men, respectively. Both von Luschan and Chantre give a superb collection of portrait types in addition.
[25] Read Pruner Bey, 1860 b; Howorth; ObÉdÉnare, and especially Kanitz, 1875, for historic details.
[26] 1889 a, with map, in Petermann, 1889 b. Cf. criticism of his contention by Oppel, 1890; Couvreur, 1890, p. 523; and Ghennadieff, 1890, p. 663.
[27] Auerbach, 1898, p. 286, gives a full summary of the rival controversy between Roumanians and Hungarians as to priority of title in Transylvania.
[28] Cf. Picot, 1883, in his review of Tocilescu; and Rosny, 1885, p. 83.
[31] 1891, p. 30. Dr. Bassanovitch has most courteously sent me a sketch map showing the results of these researches. Deniker, 1897, p. 203, and 1898 a, describes them also.
[32] Deniker, 1898 a, p. 122; Weisbach, 1877, p. 238; Rosny, 1885, p. 85.
[35] Popular Science Monthly, October, 1898, p. 734.
[36] 1891, p. 31. Women dolicho-, twenty-five per cent; meso-, forty-two per cent; brachy-cephalic, thirty per cent; while among men the percentages are 3, 16, and 81 ± per cent respectively.
[37] Popular Science Monthly, January, 1899, p. 350.
[38] Bassanovitch's series of 1,955 individuals averages only 1.638 metre. Op. cit., p. 30. Auerbach, 1898, p. 259, gives an average of 1.63 metre for 880 Wallachians in Transylvania. ObÉdÉnare, 1876, p. 374, states brown eyes to be most frequent in Roumania.
[39] This table of statistics need not be quoted here in full. The following section, embracing the ten years prior to 1889 and including 1884, will suffice:
Year.
Date quota filled.
Hauling grounds driven.
Number of drives.
Killed on land.
Killed at sea.
1879
16
71
36
110,411
8,557
1880
17
78
38
105,718
8,418
1881
20
99
34
105,063
10,382
1882
20
86
36
99,812
15,551
1883
19
81
39
79,509
16,557
1884
21
101
42
105,434
16,971
1885
27
106
63
105,024
23,040
1886
26
117
74
104,521
28,494
1887
24
101
66
105,760
30,628
1888
27
102
73
103,304
26,189
1889
81
110
74
102,617
29,858
[40] An address to the students of Mason University College, Birmingham, at the opening of the session, October 4, 1898.
[41] Pascal Duprat, born at Hagetman (Department of the Landes), March 24, 1816, was professor of history at Algiers and at Paris. He took the direction of the Revue independante in 1847; founded with Lamennais the journal Le Peuple constituant, and was an ardent promoter of the Revolution of 1848. Having became a member of the National Assembly, he opposed the coup d'État of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. Being obliged in consequence of this act to exile himself, he retired to Belgium and afterward to Lausanne. He did not return to France till after the war of 1870, and died in August, 1885. The most interesting of his works is the Historical Essay on the Races of Africa (Essai historique sur les Races de l'Afrique, 1845).
[43] Sketch of the Evolution of our Native Fruits. By L. H. Bailey, New York: The Macmillan Company. Pp. 472. Price, $2.
[44] The Tides; and Kindred Phenomena in the Solar System. The Lowell Institute Lectures for 1898. By George Howard Darwin. New York: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Pp. 378. $2.
[45] Elementary ZoÖlogy. By Frank E. Beddard. New York: Longmans, Green & Co. Pp. 208. Price, 90 cents.
[46] An Introductory Logic. By James Edwin Creighton. New York: The Macmillan Company, pp. 392. $1.10.
[47] The Workers: an Experiment in Reality. The West. By Walter A. Wyckoff. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Pp. 878. $1.50.
[48] Manual of Determinative Mineralogy, with an Introduction on Blowpipe Analysis. By George J. Brush. Revised and enlarged, with entirely new tables for the identification of minerals. Fifteenth edition, first thousand. New York: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 312.
[49] A Manual of Chemical Analysis, Qualitative and Quantitative. By G. S. Newth. New York: Longmans, Green & Co., pp. 462. $1.75.
[50] Human Immortality. Two Supposed Objections to the Doctrine. By William James. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., pp. 70. $1.
