Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; occasional unbalanced quotation marks retained.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

In some editions of this eBook, the superscript “e” in the address on page 708 appears as a normal “e”, the asterism immediately following it appears as ::, and subscripted numbers in chemical formulas appear as normal numbers, such as H2O.

Links in the Index to the other five issues of Volume 56 will not function on all reading devices. When they do work, the first use in each session may lead to the beginning of the other issue, rather than to the specified page, but subsequent uses of any link in the same session should lead to the specified page. Links in the Index were not checked for accuracy, and the external links were not checked for validity. Due to the way two of those eBooks were prepared, links to the first article in the first two issues lead to the second page of those articles.

Page 635: “wofully” was printed that way.

Page 649: Missing closing quotation mark added after “howling wilderness,”.

Page 683: “Boisbandran” is a misprint for “Boisbaudran”.

Page 731: “Adrian’s” was printed that way; may refer to “Hadrian”.

Page 734: “Pittsburg” was printed that way.