| CHAPTER I. |
| Alcohol, Its Various Forms and Sources. |
| Its chemical structure. How produced. Boiling points. Alcohol and water. Alcohol, where found. Produced from decomposition of vegetables. Sources. Principal alcohols. | 1 |
| CHAPTER II. |
| The Preparation of Mashes, and Fermentation. |
| A synopsis of steps. Mashing starchy materials. Gelatinizing apparatus and processes. Saccharifying. Cooling the mash. Fermentation. Yeast and its preparation. Varieties of fermentation:—Alcoholic, acetous, lactic and viscous. Fermenting periods. Fermenting apparatus and rooms. Strengthening alcoholic liquors. | 8 |
| CHAPTER III. |
| Distilling Apparatus. |
| The simple still. Adams still. Concentrating stills. Compound distillation. Dorn’s still. Continuous distillation. The Cellier-Blumenthal still. Coffey’s still. Current stills. Regulating distillery fire. | 33 |
| CHAPTER IV.[viii] |
| Modern Distilling Apparatus. |
| The principles of modern compound stills. Vapor traps and their construction. Steam regulation. Feed regulation. American apparatus. The Guillaume inclined column still. | 66 |
| CHAPTER V. |
| Rectification. |
| General principles of “ractionation.” Old form of rectifying still. Simple fractionating apparatus. “Vulcan” rectifier. Barbet’s twin column rectifier. Guillaume’s “Agricultural” rectifying apparatus. Rectifying by filtration. | 82 |
| CHAPTER VI. |
| Malting. |
| The best barley to use. Washing. Steeping. Germinating. The “wet couch.” The “floors.” “Long malt.” Drying. Grinding and crushing. | 103 |
| CHAPTER VII. |
| Alcohol from Potatoes. |
| Washing. Gelatinizing and saccharifying. Low pressure steaming, and apparatus therefor. Crushing the potatoes. High pressure steaming and apparatus. The vacuum cooker. The Henze steamer. Isolation of starch without steam. English methods. Saccharifying the starch. | 110 |
| CHAPTER VIII.[ix] |
| Alcohol from Grain, Corn, Wheat, Rice, and Other Cereals. |
| Relative yields of various cereals. Choice of grain. Proportions of starch, etc., in various grains. Grinding. Steeping. Preparatory mashing. Saccharifying. Treatment of grain under high pressure. Softening grain by acid. | 126 |
| CHAPTER IX. |
| Alcohol from Beets. |
| Beet cultivation. Composition. Soil and manures. Sowing. Harvesting. Storing. Production of alcohol from beets. Cleaning and rasping. Extraction by pressure. Extraction by maceration and diffusion. The diffusion battery. Fermentation. Direct distillation of roots. | 140 |
| CHAPTER X. |
| Alcohol from Molasses and Sugar Cane. |
| The necessary qualities in molasses. Beet sugar. Molasses mixing and diluting. Neutralizing the wash. Pitching temperature. Distilling. Fermenting raw sugar. Cane sugar molasses. “Dunder.” Clarifying. Fermenting. Various processes. | 163 |
| CHAPTER XI. |
| Alcoholometry. |
| Hydrometers in general. Proof spirit. Syke’s hydrometer. Gay-Lussac’s hydrometer. Tralles alcoholometer. Hydrometric methods. Estimation of alcohol. Field’s alcoholometer. Grisler’s method and apparatus. Estimating sugar in mash. Determination of alcoholic fruits. Physical tests. Chemical tests. The Permanganate of Potash test. Results by Barbet. | 174 |
| CHAPTER XII. |
| Distilling Plants, Their General Arrangement and Equipment. |
| Simple apparatus. Elaborate plants. Steam stills. The fermenting room. Ventilation. Fermenting vats. Preparatory vats. Arrangement of grain distillery. A small beet distillery. Large beet distilling plant. Transporting beets. Potato distillery. Molasses distillery. Fermenting house for molasses. Transportation of molasses to distillery. Coal consumption. | 189 |
| CHAPTER XIII. |
| De-natured Alcohol, and De-naturing FormulÆ. |
| Uses of alcohol. De-natured spirit:—Its use in Germany, France and England. The “Denaturing Act.” The uses of de-natured alcohol. Methods and FormulÆ for de-naturing. De-natured alcohol in the industrial world. | 211 |
| CHAPTER XIV. |
| De-naturing Regulations in the United States. |
| The Free Alcohol Act of 1906, and proposed changes therein. The Amendment of 1907. Internal Revenue Regulations. | 224 |
| Index. | 261 |
