j, as in French.

ng, commencing a word, like the same letters terminating one.

ai or ei, as in aisle or eider.

au, as in German, or like ow in cow.

É, as in fÊte.

i (not followed by a consonant), as ee in see.

u (followed by a consonant), as in bull.

iu, as ew in new.

Úi, as ooi in cooing.

h at the end of a name makes the preceding vowel short.

‘ in the middle of a word denotes an aspirate (h), as K‘ung = Khung.