| a | as | a | in | what | | e | ” | ai | ” | air | | i | ” | i | ” | pique | | o | ” | o | ” | tone | | u | ” | u | ” | rule | | Ä | ” | a | ” | father | | Ë | ” | ey | ” | they | | Ï | ” | i | ” | machine | | ? | ” | u | ” | hut | | ? | ” | e | ” | met | | ? | ” | i | ” | tin | | c | ” | sh | ” | shun | | x | ” | ch | ” | machen (German) | | j | ” | ch | ” | mich (German) | | z | ” | z | ” | azure | | b, d, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, as in English | | b, w, interchangeable with m | | n, l, r, interchangeable with d | An apostrophe (’) marks a short, nearly
inaudible breathing. | Native Hidatsa words in this thesis are written in the foregoing alphabet. This does not apply to the tribal names Hidatsa, Mandan, Dakota, Arikara, Minitari.
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