Contents

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Theodore J. Walker
INTRODUCTION 1
TWO GENERAL MIGRATION ROUTES 2
WHALE WATERS—SUMMER AND WINTER 5
FEEDING—FILTER WHALES 6
EVOLUTION OF WHALES 10
Breathing Adaptations 10
Swimming Adaptations 11
WHALE TYPES 15
Porpoises and Dolphins 15
Squid Eaters 18
Filter Whales 18
SIGNIFICANCE OF BLUBBER 19
Heat Conservation 19
Buoyancy 20
Food Storage 20
SEXUAL MATURITY 21
LIFE SPAN 21
WHALE INTELLIGENCE 23
WHALE SENSES 23
Sight 23
Hearing 23
Smell 24
HABITS 24
ENEMIES 25
Killer Whales 25
Parasites 25
WHALE ABNORMALITIES 26
INADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE OF WHALES 26
CALIFORNIA GRAY WHALE 28
Evolutionary Place 28
Geographic Distribution 29
Shore Habits 30
Scientific Description 31
Reaction to Whaling 33
How Do They Sleep? 33
Migration Groupings 34
Breaching 35
WHALING 36
Whalers As Explorers 37
Prehistoric Whaling 37
Historic Whaling 39
Modern Whaling 42
EXAMPLE OF UNREGULATED WHALING 47
California Gray Whale 47
GRAY WHALE PROTECTED 48
VALUE OF GRAY WHALE 48
Esthetic 48
Scientific 49
Commercial 49
NATURAL POPULATION CONTROLS 51
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY 52
Life Expectancy 52
Age Determination 52
Distribution and Population Rise 53
APPENDIX 55

Migration routes of the California gray whale. The Korean herd may now be extinct.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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