West Side Studies: Boyhood and Lawlessness; The Neglected Girl

APPENDIX

TABLE 1.—SOURCES FROM WHICH THE NAMES OF THE 294 BOYS STUDIED WERE OBTAINED
Source	Names
1909 Court list	202
Big Brother Movement	43
Special club studies	10
Charity Organization Society	8
Additional children of interest in families visited	20
Known through investigators on other topics	6
Known through other children	2
School	1
Church	1
Settlement	1
Total	294

TABLE 2.—AGES OF BOYSa
Age	BOYS
Age	Number	Per Cent
Less than 8 years	1	.3
8 years and less than 10 years	3	1.0
10 years and less than 12 years	24	8.2
12 years and less than 14 years	71	24.3
14 years and less than 16 years	102	35.0
16 years and more	91	31.2
Total	292	100.0

a Information is not available as to the ages of two of the 294 boys.

TABLE 3.—LENGTH OF RESIDENCE IN THE DISTRICT OF 183 FAMILIESa
Year in District	FAMILIES
Year in District	Number	Per Cent
Less than 5 years	13	7.1
5 years and less than 10 years	31	16.9
10 years and less than 15 years	25	13.7
15 years and less than 20 years	26	14.2
20 years and more	88	48.1
Total	183	100.0

a Information is not available as to the length of residence in the district of 58 of the 241 families.

TABLE 4.—COUNTRY OF BIRTH OF PARENTSa
Country of birth	Fathers	Mothers
United States	81	92
Ireland	64	72
Germany	27	18
Italy	17	15
Scotland	7	8
England	6	4
Sweden	4	4
France	4	2
Austria	3	2
Russia	1	3
Dalmatia	2	2
Roumania	2	1
Armenia	1	1
Switzerland	1	1
West Indies	1	1
Portugal	..	1
Denmark	1	..
Total	222	227

a Information is not available as to the country of birth of 19 fathers and 14 mothers in 241 families.

TABLE 5.—NATIONALITY OF AMERICAN-BORN PARENTSa
Nationality	Fathers	Mothers
German	28	28
Irish	21	25
American	15	18
English	3	2
Total	67	73

a Information is not available as to the nationality of 14 of 81 American-born fathers and of 19 of 92 American-born mothers.

TABLE 6.—TWO HUNDRED FAMILIES CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLDS AND NUMBER OF ROOMS OCCUPIEDa
Persons in household	FAMILIES OCCUPYING								All families
Persons in household	One room	Two rooms	Three rooms	Four rooms	Five rooms	Six rooms	Seven rooms	Eight rooms	All families
Two	1	..	1	1	1	..	..	..	4
Three	1	3	13	7	1	1	..	..	26
Four	..	1	7	11	6	2	..	..	27
Five	1	3	11	10	2	..	..	..	27
Six	..	3	12	12	10	4	..	..	41
Seven	..	..	4	11	8	1	..	1	25
Eight	..	..	4	17	5	2	..	..	28
Nine	..	..	2	5	3	1	2	..	13
Ten or eleven	..	..	..	1	4	1	..	..	6
Twelve and less than 15	..	..	..	..	1	2	..	..	3
Total	3	10	54	75	41	14	2	1	200

a Information is not available as to the number of rooms occupied by one household of three persons, six of four persons, six of five persons, three of six persons, three of seven persons, three of eight persons, one of nine persons, and one of 12 persons; as to the number of persons in two households occupying four rooms; nor as to the number of rooms occupied or the number of persons in 15 households.

TABLE 7.—LIVING CHILDREN IN 231 FAMILIESa
Number of living children	FAMILIES
Number of living children	Number	Per cent
One	12	5.2
Two	28	12.1
Three	28	12.1
Four	34	14.7
Five	44	19.0
Six	36	15.6
Seven	24	10.4
Eight	17	7.4
Nine	5	2.2
Ten	2	.9
Eleven	1	.4
Total	231	100.0

a Information is not available as to the number of children in 10 of the 241 families.

TABLE 8.—STATUS OF MOTHERS IN 222 FAMILIESa
Status of mother	MOTHERS
Status of mother	Number	Per cent
Living and earning wages	87	39.2
Living and not earning wages	103	46.4
Dead	32	14.4
Total	222	100.0

a Information not available as to the status of the mother in 19 of the 241 families.

TABLE 9.—CONJUGAL CONDITIONS OF PARENTS IN 233 FAMILIESa
Conjugal condition of parents	FAMILIES
Conjugal condition of parents	Number	Per cent
Parents living together	133	57.1
Father dead, mother livingb	53	22.7
Mother dead, father livingc	20	8.6
Both parents living, but separated	15	6.4
Both parents dead	12	5.2
Total	233	100.0

a Information is not available as to the conjugal condition of parents in eight of the 241 families.

b In eleven cases where the father was dead and the mother living, the mother had remarried and the step-father was with the family.

c In four cases where the mother was dead, and the father living, the father had remarried and the step-mother was with the family.

TABLE 10.—RELIEF RECORDS OF 241 FAMILIES
Record	FAMILIES
Record	Number	Per cent
Known to have received aid:
From relief societies	73	30.3
In form of institutional care for children	17	7.1
From other sources	15	6.2
Total	105	43.6
Deducting duplicatesa	19	7.9
Total	86	35.7
Known not to have received aid	144	59.7
Relief record unknown	11	4.6
Grand total	241	100.0

a There were 19 cases in which families were known to have received relief of more than one of the three kinds specified.

TABLE 11.—DURATION OF RELIEF RECORDS OF 73 FAMILIES KNOWN TO HAVE RECEIVED AID FROM RELIEF SOCIETIESa
Duration of record	FAMILIES
Duration of record	Number	Per cent
Less than 1 year	15	20.5
1 year and less than 2 years	11	15.1
2 years and less than 5 years	10	13.7
5 years and less than 10 years	19	26.0
10 years and less than 15 years	11	15.1
15 years and less than 20 years	4	5.5
20 years and less than 25 years	3	4.1
Total	73	100.0

a Information is not at all available as to the duration of the relief records of 13 of the 86 families who were known to have received aid.

TABLE 12.—COURT DISPOSITION OF CASES INVOLVING 454 ARRESTS AFFECTING 259 BOYS AND 221 FAMILIESa
Disposition of cases	Arrests	Boys affected	Families affected
Boy let go	260	197	176
Boy paroled	95	83	76
Boy sent up	99	75	67
Total	454	259b	221b

a Information is not available as to the disposition of nine cases involving arrest.

b As some of the boys were arrested more times than one, and as some of the families had two or more boys who were arrested, these figures are absolute totals, and not the sums of the other figures in the columns in which they appear.

TABLE 13.—FINAL DISPOSITION OF 92 WEST SIDE PAROLED CASES AND OF 1,492 PAROLED CASES DISPOSED OF BY THE MANHATTAN COURT IN 1909a
Final disposition of case	WEST SIDE CASES		ALL CASES
Final disposition of case	Number	Per cent	Number	Per cent
Discharged or sentence suspended	78	84.8	1,264	89.5
Committed to institutions	14	15.2	148	10.5
Total	92	100.0	1,412	100.0

a Information is not available as to two of the 95 paroled cases and one case was still pending when the study was concluded.

TABLE 14.—TRUANCY RECORDS OF 215 BOYS, CLASSIFIED AS DELINQUENT OR NOT DELINQUENTa
Extent of truancy	BOYS		Total
Extent of truancy	Delinquent	Not delinquent	Total
No truancy	41	43	84
Occasional truancy	17	..	17
Serious truancy	109	1	110
Boy physically disqualified for school attendance	4	..	4
Total	171	44	215

a Information is not available as to the truancy of 79 of the 294 boys included in the study.

TABLE 15.—STATUS OF 163 BOYS NOT GAINFULLY EMPLOYEDa
Status	Boys
Less than 14 years of age	99
14 years of age or more:
Attending school	31
In institutions	8
Out of work and out of school	25
Total	163

a Of the 294 boys, 100 were gainfully employed. Information is not available as to the status of 31 boys.

TABLE 16.—OCCUPATION AND WAGES OF 100 BOYS GAINFULLY EMPLOYEDa
Occupation	BOYS EARNING						Boys whose earnings are not available	All boys
Occupation	$2 and less than $3	$3 and less than $4	$4 and less than $5	$5 and less than $6	$6 and less than $7	$7 and less than more	Boys whose earnings are not available	All boys
Errand boy	3	2	3	5	2	1	6	22
Office boy	..	..	2	6	1	2	4	15
Piano factory worker	..	1	3	2	1	4	3	14
Driver or driver’s helper	..	..	..	2	2	3	..	7
Stock boy	..	1	..	..	2	1	1	5
Printer’s apprentice	..	..	..	..	1	2	1	4
Plumber’s apprentice	..	..	..	1	1	..	2	4
Worker in factory other than piano factory	..	..	1	..	..	2	..	3
Cashboy	..	2	..	..	..	..	1	3
Tailor’s helper	..	..	..	..	..	1	2	3
Farmhand	..	..	..	..	..	..	2	2
Checkboy	..	..	2	..	..	..	..	2
Messenger boy	..	..	..	1	..	1	..	2
Bakery worker	..	..	1	1	..	..	..	2
Moving picture show worker	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1
Freight checker	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	1
Packer	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1
Garage helper	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1
Plasterer’s helper	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..
Water boy, Metropolitan Railroad	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1
Engineer’s helper	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1
Newspaper boy	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1
Furnace company worker	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	1
Water works worker	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1
Clerk	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	1
Prisoner in navy prison	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1
Total	3	9	12	21	11	19	24	99

a Of the 294 boys, 163 were not gainfully employed. Information is not available as to the status of 31 boys.

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