INDEX.

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A.

Abbioso, Bishop, his courtiership, 329

Academies, tendency of, in Italy, 398

Agricola, theologian, draws up the Interim, 135

Albert of Brandenburg, 171

throws himself into Schweinfurth, 172

is driven out of Schweinfurth, 176

Aldobrandini, Cardinal, dedicated works to Isabella Andreini, 212

Alexander VII. elected, 362

his replies to Olympia's advances, 363

banishes Olympia to Orvieto, 364

Alphonso I. Duke of Ferrara, 37

rides through Ferrara at the Beffana, 45

stolen visit to his bride, 47

his difficulties with the church, 50

Alternatives for an old lady, 21

Aminta of Tasso, 218

Andreini, Isabella, her birth, 205

contemporary with Shakspeare, 206

her titles, 210

goes to France, 211

medal struck in her honour, ib.

anagrams on her name, 212

praises of, by her contemporaries, ib.

her irreproachable character, 214

her death and epitaph, ib.

her "Mirtilla," 216

her letters, ib.

her dialogues, 217

no account of her characters, 218

Andreini, Francesco, Isabella's husband, 213

Andreini Giovanni Batista, Isabella's son, 211

Angelio of Bargo, Astrologer, 28

Anna d'Este, her birth,77

Calcagnini's letter to her, 78

Curione's praises of her, ib.

her affection for Olympia Morata, 89

her marriage, 109

Antonio de' Medici, birth of, 264

Arcadia and the Arcadians, 399

nicknames, 404

falsehood in the matter of Corilla's crowning, 406

Assassinations, common in Florence, 225, 236

Augsburg in the sixteenth century, 143

Avvogaria, register of, obliteration in, 221

B.

BÂle, Olympia would willingly settle at, 155

Baker, anecdote of, about B. Cappello, 223

Barbara, Olympia Morata's maid, 163

Bayle, his remark on Isabella Andreini's epitaph, 215

"Beffana," curious custom, 44

Belvidere, near Ferrara, gardens of, 94

Bembo, anecdote of, 61

his character, 105

Olympia Morata's epitaph on him, 106

Bianca Cappello, early character, 223

her journey to Florence, 224

confined to her husband's house in Florence, 225

her personal appearance, 226

receives promise of marriage from Francesco, 234

probably cognisant of her husband's murder, 236

her character, 241

balances her accounts, 257

fictitious autobiography of, 258

her magical practices, 261

plot to impose a false heir on the Duke, 262

her fears, 264

progress in crime, 266

real nature of her witchery, 268

her bold step with Francesco, ib.

goes into retirement, 273

her ascendancy over the Duke, ib.

entertains the Court in the Oricellari gardens, 276

suborns Francesco's confessor, 290

her reception at Bologna, 291

her marriage with Francesco, 292

her coronation as daughter of St. Mark, 299

becomes reconciled to the Cardinal, 304

her claims respecting her daughtership of St. Mark, 311

her repeated pregnancies, 313

her unhappy life at Pratolino, 316

her family feeling, 318

at Cerveto, 320

declares herself again with child, 322

her interview with Pietro, 325

her pregnancy again comes to nothing, 329

her death, 332

different theories respecting it, 333, et seq.

post–mortem examination, 338

grounds of Ferdinando's hatred for her, 342

her burial, 343

pasquinades on her, 344

Boccaccio, Tullia's opinion of his works, 24

Olympia Morata's translation from, 103

Bodoni's volume on Corilla's coronation, 403

Bolsec, Jerome, 111

his disputes with Calvin, 112

Bonaventuri, Pietro, his condemnation, 221

deceives Bianca, 224

receives an appointment at Court, 233

lover of Cassandra Ricci, 235

murdered in the streets of Florence, 236

Books, high value of, in the sixteenth century 160

Borso, Duke of Ferrara, 34

C.

Cafaggiuolo, villa of, 255

Calcagnini, Celio, 56

his message to Olympia Morata, 62.

Calvin at Ferrara, 72

turned out from Ferrara, 75

prosecutes Jerome Bolsec, 112

Cappello palace, situation of, 222

Caraffa, Cardinal, 80

Casino, importance of, in Italian domestic economy, 229

Catherine de' Medici, her severe answer to Francesco, 309

Catherine II. of Russia, invites Corilla, 401

Cerreto, Ducal Villa, 320

Classical studies, female, in sixteenth century, 2, et seq.

Clement VII., Pope, his dealings with the Duke of Ferrara, 51, et seq.

Collar, Duke Borso's golden, 34

Columbano, Princess, takes La Corilla to Naples, 396

Comedy, Italian, in the sixteenth century, 208

Corilla, La, her real name and birth, 395

drives a thriving trade, 399

employed by Maria Theresa, 401

invited by Catherine of Russia, 401

by Joseph II., 402

enters Arcady, 403

proposals for her crowning, 405

the difficulty in the way, ib.

subjects in which she was examined, 408

her examination, 409, et seq.

her coronation, 113

pasquinades on her retirement to Florence and death, 416

Cosmo I., sonnet to, 15

Cosmo de' Medici, court of, 227

Cosmo I. of Florence, founds the Florentine academy, 398

Creeds, affairs of head not heart, 122

Curione, Celio, 56

first acquaintance with Morato, 65

his adventures, ib.

conversations with Morato, 66

visit to Ferrara, 69

his letter to Olympia's mother, 140

encourages Olympia in her classical studies, 147

D.

Dante's obligations to Guerrino il Meschino, 22

Death, the desire for, 194

Demimonde and Monde in sixteenth century, 16

Dialogue on Love, Tullia's, 27

Diction, over–attention to, in Italy, 83

Dominicans, church of, at Bologna, 366

Domenichi Ludovico, 17

Donati, Maria, B. Cappello's servant, 222

Drama, Italian literature weak in, 206

E.

Eleonora di Teledo, patronises Tullia, 28

her death, 228

Eleonora di Garzia, 240

her murder, 255

Emilio, Olympia's brother accompanies her to Italy, 141

falls out of window, 150

his death, 198

Erbach, counts of, 178

receive Olympia, 179

their mode of life, 180

F.

Family feeling in Italy, 317

Famine in Ferrara, 49

Fannio, the martyr, 115, 118

Ferdinando de' Medici, Cardinal, 237

his causes of discontent, 245

his knowledge of all that passed at Florence, 246

receives the confession of the woman who managed the introduction of Don Antonio, 266

his indignation, 267

his change of conduct after the death of the Duchess Giovanna, 287

goes to Florence in 1579, 293

his anger at leaving his brother's marriage, 294

his pecuniary difficulties, 304

his reconciliation with Bianca, 305

his misgivings respecting Bianca's intentions, 319, et seq.

again in Florence, 326

refuses his brother's invitation, 328

visits Francesco for the Villeggiatura, 330

suspected of poisoning Francesco and Bianca, 334, 337, et seq.

his conduct after the death of his brother, 341

his probable motives, ib.

succeeds peaceably to his brother, 345

Fernandez, Fernando, La Corilla's husband, 396

Festivities at Lucrezia Borgia's marriage, 44, 48

Filippo, son of Giovanna, his death, 312

Flach, M. invited by Olympia to translate some of Luther's works into Italian, 158

"Flourishing;" what is the period of a lady's, 20

Forca, via della, in Florence, Corilla's home, 393

Francesco de' Medici, 236

his character, 238

his court, 242

his character, ib.

his temper, 243

his wealth, 244

his interview with Orsini, 247

easily duped by Bianca's trick, 264

becomes an accomplice in introducing a false heir, 270

in the Oricellari gardens, 281

feelings on the death of his wife, 284

his wishes and fears to marry Bianca, 285

his discontent with the court of France, 288

sends poison and assassins into France, 289

consults the church with reference to his marriage with Bianca, 290

marries Bianca, 292

entertains 170 Venetians, 298

his munificence to them, 303

his troubles about his title, 306

why he showed no grief at his son's death, 312

his life at Pratolino, 315

his cruelty to Camilla de' Martelli, 321

his suspicions and strange conduct, 327

invites the Cardinal to Florence, 328

his death, 332

different theories respecting it, 333, et seq.

his illness, 335

circumstances attending his death, 340

Frari at Venice, Archives, 220

Fugger family, 143

ridiculous blunder respecting their name, 144

their residence, ib.

G.

Gallerati, Dr., his prescriptions for E. Sirani, 381

his opinion on her death, 382

Gelli, Giambatista, his comedy of the "Sporta,"210

German cities refuse to accept the Interim, 136

Gibbon, on Lucrezia Borgia, 40

Ginori, Lorenzo, pays the cost of Corilla's crowning, 406

Giovanni de' Medici, his embassy to Venice, 297

Giraldi, G. Gregorio, 56

his verses to Olympia Morata, 88

Giulia of Ferrara, 7

Gloucester, Duke of, present at Corilla's crowning, 410

GrÜnthler, Andreas, 124

his wooing, 125

marriage, 126

returns to Germany, 127

his prospects in Germany, 133

prolonged absence from his wife, 138

returns to bring his wife to Germany, 139

attends Hermann in his illness, 147

settles at Schweinfurth, 151

rejects appointment offered at Lintz, 166

struck down by pestilence in Schweinfurth, 173

obtains a chair at Heidelberg, 181

obliged to borrow money, 19

in the pestilence at Heidelberg, 196

his death, 198

Guarini, Alexander, 56

Guerrazzi, his dialogue between Francesco and his brother Pietro de' Medici, 250

Guerrino el Meschino, origin of, 23

H.

Hammelburg, Olympia's escape to, 177

Heidelberg, in the sixteenth century, 186

pestilence breaks out in, 196

Hercules I., Duke of Ferrara, 35

his reply to Venice, 36

his piety, 37

his death, 49

resists the Pope, 147

Hercules II., of Ferrara, his dealings with the church, 73

his unwillingness to receive Paul III., 93

Hermann, George, of Augsburg, 138

Hirschhorn, evening in the inn at, 182

History, happy times have little, 168

the makers of, ib.

Hubert, Thomas, of LiÈge, 138

Humidi, academy of, 15

Hydrostatic difficulties of the Duke of Ferrara, 97

disputes arising from, 98, et seq.

I.

Improvisation, talents needful for, 400

tendencies of, 401

Indulgence to Ferrara, 48

Innocent X., Pope, 351

his early preferments, 352

election to the papacy, 353

his death, 360

Innspruck, Charles V. in winter quarters at, 169

Interim, the, 135

Isabella Orsini, 228

her character, 241

her death, 248

judgment of history on her, 249

Italy loses her pre–eminence of civilisation, 123

Italian nature, dramatic, 206

J.

Joan of Austria, marriage with Francesco de' Medici, 231

her unhappy position, 237, 241, 271

her extravagance, 272

has a son, ib.

her death, 282

Joan, Pope, story of, 346

Julius II., Pope, designs on Ferrara, 50

Julius III., Pope, 114

L.

Ladies, learned, their number in the sixteenth century, 1

Lavinia della Rovere, her friendship with Olympia Morata, 101

her religious inquiries and indifferentism, 102

visits Fannio in his prison, 116

her faithful friendship, 120

not happy, 132

Leo X., Pope, his designs on Ferrara, 50

Letters, difficulty of sending from Germany to Italy, 156

L'Humore of Bologna, anecdote of, 17

Lintz, Chair of Medicine there offered to GrÜnthler, 165

Literature, safe, princes who patronise, 397

Lucia Tolomelli, the maid in the Sirani family, 374

her troubles with her mistress, 375

her escapade with the tinker, 376

imprisoned in the poor–house, 377

her fairings, ib.

suspected of poisoning E. Sirani, 383

grounds of suspicion, 384

claimed by the church, 385

her second arrest and examination, ib.

her defence, 386

her exile, 387

Lucrezia Borgia, her marriage, 37, 42

her previous character, 38

defended by Roscoe, 39

moral phenomenon, 41

entry into Ferrara, 46

evening of her life and death, 51

contrasted with Duchess RenÉe, 59

M.

Macchiavelli, his comedy "Mandragola,"210

Malvasia, his history of E. Sirani, 391

Marco, St. Piazza of, in Florence, 225

Casino di, 229

Marot, Clement, at Ferrara, 75

his lines on Duchess RenÉe, 76

Martelli, Camilla, 228, 240

comes out of her convent–prison, 321

Martinetti, his history, 335

Material prosperity disclaimed as an object by Catholic writers, 30

Mattaselani, Dr., his evidence respecting E. Sirani's death, 387

Maurice, Elector of Saxony, 170

Medici family, domestic tragedy, 227

Michiel, Giovanni, envoy from Venice to Florence, 297

Mondragone, Marchesa, arranges meeting of Francesco and Bianca, 229, 230

Montaigne, his description of Bianca Cappello, 226

Morata, Olympia, her birth, 55-60

early promise and beauty, 62

first seeds of Protestant doctrine, 67

her acquirements at thirteen years old, 70

flattered by all Ferrara, 71

becomes an inmate of the Court, 79

her delight at her new position, 82

her earliest compositions, 83

her lecturing at sixteen, 84

specimen of her elocution, 86

verses to her from Giraldi, 88

her Greek verses, 90

her female friendships, 100

early religious indifferentism, and subsequent strong convictions, 103, 107

translations from Boccaccio, 103

her Greek epitaph on Cardinal Bembo, 106

at her father's death–bed, 109

dismissed from the palace, 110

visits Fannio in his prison, 116

commencement of religious convictions, 117

changed circumstances, 119

her lines on virginity, ib.

letter to Curione on her time of disgrace, 120

commencement of regeneration, 122

her love, 126

her marriage, ib.

separated from her husband, 127

her letter to her husband, 128

detention of her dresses by the Court, 130

dialogue with Lavinia della Rovere, 132

finally leaves Italy, 139

her journey across the Alps, 141

her letter to Giraldi, 146

misgivings as to her classical studies, ib.

Curione encourages her, 147

her stay with Hermann, ib.

urges Lavinia della Rovere to save Fannio, 148

her stay with John Sinapi, 149

her ideas of a special providence, 150, 174

settles at Schweinfurth, 151

her real name questioned, 152

is an interesting character both to the religionist and the moralist, ib.

letter to Curione, 155

sends money to her mother, 156

letter to Lavinia della Rovere, 157

moderation of her Calvinism, ib.

her dialogue between Philotima and Theophila, 159

receives her books from Italy, 160

receives Theodora Sinapi, 161

lectures a backsliding divine, 165

tends her husband in his sickness, 174

her letter during the siege to Lavinia della Rovere, 174

letter to her sister describing her flight from Schweinfurth, 176

miserable journey to Erbach, 178

her health destroyed, 179

at Hirschhorn, 183

is offered a chair of Greek at Heidelberg, 184

receives letter and books from Curione, 187

ignorance of German, 190

declines to be at the Court of the Electress of Heidelberg, 192

receives Theodora Sinapi at Heidelberg, 192

theology of her letters, 193

her desire for death, 194

her last letter to Curione, 196

her last moments, 197

her epitaph, 198

her European reputation, 199

the basis of it, 200

value of her story to us, 203

Morato, Peregrino, fixes himself at Ferrara, 55

his Protestantism, 60

his criticism on Bembo, 61

his exile, 63

his training of his daughter, 64

his difficulties, ib.

returns to Ferrara, 70

appointed tutor to the Duke's sons, ib.

his instructions to his daughter, 85

his illness and death, 108

O.

Ori, Matthew, inquisitor, 113

"Oricellari Orti," their history, 274

given to Bianca Cappello, 275

a night's amusement there, 276

P.

Paganism of Italian society in the sixteenth century, 3

Palazzo Vecchio at Florence, chapel in, 292

Pallavicini, Princess, La Corilla's patroness, 395

Pamfili, Camillo, created cardinal, 353

his gross ignorance, 354

his marriage, 356

succeeds to his mother's wealth, 364

Pamfili, G. Batista, Olympia's husband, 348

Pamfili, Olympia, her birth, 348

her marriage, ib.

her ambitious plans, 349

her avarice, 354

her venality, 355

banished from the Vatican, 358 returns, ib.

her mode of life in the Vatican, 359

her last simoniacal bargain, 360

her plans after the death of Innocent, 361

makes advances to Alexander VII., 363

banished from Rome, 364

her death, ib.

Pavia, Curione at, 68

Pedagogues lay, a new social feature in the sixteenth century, 54

their social position, 64

Pellegrina, Bianca's daughter, birth of, 232

Persecution increases, 195

Pestilence in Ferrara, 49

Petrarch, crowned at the Capitol, 394

Philip II. of Spain, odious to the German electors, 169

informed of Francesco's marriage with Bianca, 294

approves of the murder of Donna Eleonora de' Medici, 256

godfather to the Duchess Giovanna's son, 273

Phoenix burning in Ferrara, 51

Picchena, Curzio, envoy employed by Francesco de' Medici as a poisoner, 289

Pietro de' Medici, 228

his character, 239

his marriage, 240

urged to re–marry, 319

stays at Florence to watch Bianca, 321

his letter to the Cardinal, 322

ill–treated by the Duke, 324

his interview with Bianca, 325

his report of it to the Cardinal, 326

Po, river, difficulties connected with, 97

Poetesses, Tiraboschi's list of, 1

Poggio–a–Caiano, ducal villa, 321

the Duke's death there, 332

Bianca's death there, ib.

Pratolino, Ducal villa, 314

Progress, moral, proofs of, 42

Psalms translated into Greek by Olympia, and set to music by GrÜnthler, 164

Publishers, eminent, send presents of books to Olympia, 187

Puteano, Ericio, his inscription on Isabella Andreini, 211

R.

Rabelais on the Fuggers, 143

RenÉe of France, her marriage with Hercules II., 57

her person and character, 58

her Protestantism, 59

theological difficulties with her husband, 72

secret reception of Calvin, 72

scene in her closet, 74

in durance, 81

abandons Olympia, 113, 130

Reno river, difficulties connected with, 98

Respectability, prized by Italians, 238

Riario family is founded, 166

present family, ancestor of, 173

Ricci, Bartolomeo, 56

Ricci, Cassandra de, her murder, 236

Roman history, society, means of rising in, 349

Rosaria, Princess, Camillo Pamfili's wife, 357

Rosarias, Andreas, poor schoolmaster out of employ, 193

Roscoe's defence of Lucrezia Borgia, 39

Rudolph, the Emperor, his reply to the Italian Princes, 310

S.

Salviati, Maria, sonnet to, 16

Savoy, Duke of, his claim to pre–eminence over other Italian princes, 309

Scandal in Europe, caused by Olympia Pamfili, 357

Scenery, appreciation of, a modern sentiment, 142

Schweinfurth, Olympia finds a home at, 151

its condition in the sixteenth century, 154

idea of Olympia's home in, 162

siege of, 172

pestilence in, 173

destruction of the city, 176

Serene, title of, squabbles about, 307

Servants, Olympia's troubles with, 188

Sinapi, Chilian, 56

Sinapi, John, 56

letter from, 88

Olympia's letters to, 131

settled at WÜrzburg, 149

receives Olympia in his house, ib.

death of his wife, 166

sends Olympia a volume recovered from the sack of Schweinfurth, 186

his letter to Olympia, 187

Sirani, Elisabetta, her artistic merits, 367

story of her death, 368

her home in Bologna, 369

her catalogue of her works, 370

her rapidity of execution, 371

paints before Cosmo of Tuscany, ib.

before the Duchess of Brunswick, 372

her disposal of her earnings, 373

frugal life, ib.

falls into ill–health, 379

her death, 380

mourning in Bologna for her death, 380

her personal appearance, 391

Sirani, G. Andrea, Elisabetta's father, 369

his conduct to Lucia Tolomelli, 377

withdraws his accusation against Lucia, 387

Sirani, Anna Maria, Elisabetta's sister, 369

Sirani, Barbara, Elisabetta's sister, 369

is ill with fever, 379

Sirani, Margherita, Elisabetta's mother, 375

Soderini, Giovanni Vettorio, his extraordinary letter, 336

Strozzi, Filippo, his character, 11

his connection with Tullia d'Aragona, 12

Strozzi, Matteo, envoy to Venice, 295

Squadrone volante, in the Conclave, 362

T.

Tagliavia, Peter, at Trent, 5

his reminiscences, 6

educates his daughter, 8

Tasso crowned at the Capitol, 394

Terence, Adelphi of, performed before Paul III. at Ferrara, 95

Theodore, daughter of John Sinapi, a pupil of Olympia, 161

Theology, Olympia's, 193

Theriaca medicine, 380

Tiepolo, Antonio, envoy from Venice to Florence, 297

Tiraboschi, his notion of comedy, 208

Torelli, Lelio, his murder, 247

Toselli, Mazzoni, his pamphlet on E. Sirani, 369

Tragedy, Italian, in the sixteenth century, 207

Treuthuger, the schoolmaster at Hirschhorn, 183

Troilo, Orsini, 247

Tullia d'Aragona, her birth, and early talents, 8

difficulties of dates respecting her, 10

her beauty, 14

her husband, 15

scene at her house, 17

leaves Rome, 18

specimen of her poetry, 19

quits "La BohÈme," 22

her translation of Guerrino el Meschino, ib.

her opinion of Boccaccio, 24

her propriety, 25

her Dialogue on the Infinity of Love, 26

her death, 28

V.

Varchi, Bened., a personage in Tullia's "Dialogo,"26

Venetian senate, their conduct on hearing the Duke's marriage with Bianca Cappello, 295

their reply to Bianca's remonstrances, 311

Villach, Charles V. at, 170

Villeggiatura, Italian habit of, 330

THE END.

BRADBURY AND EVANS, PRINTERS, WHITEFRIARS.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Gaume, ver Rongeur.

[2] Roccho Pirro. Sicilia Sacra, ad. art. Tagliavia.

[3] Sarpi., lib. iv. sec. 37.

[4] Zilioli, Storia di poeti Ital., cited by Mazzuchelli, art. "Tullia."

[6] VitÆ Pontif. et Cardin.

[7] "L'ornamento degli abiti lascivi," is Zilioli's phrase.

[8] Mazzuchelli, vol. i. p. 928.

[9] Printed at p. 183 of the "Documenti Storici," appended by Signor Bigazzi to Niccolini's tragedy of "Filippo Strozzi." Firenze, 1847.

[10] Ibid., p. 185.

[11] Strozzi was then forty–three.

[13] MSS. Stroz., Clas. 7, Cod. No. 95, p. 75.

[14] Facetie, Motti, e Burle, Raccolte per M. L. Domenichi. Venetia, 1588.

[15] "Mezza Vecchia."

[16] Istor. di Volg. Poesia, vol. i. p. 341.

[17] Vol. i. p. 930.

[18] Fam. Med. Tavola, 14.

[19] Frizzi, Mem. per la Storia di Ferrara, vol. iv. p. 80.

[20] Frizzi, Mem. per la Storia di Ferrara, vol. iv. p. 80.

[21] Vide apud Frizzi, Mem. Stor. di Ferrara, vol. iv. p. 184.

[22] Ancient Diary, cited by Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 164.

[23] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 217.

[24] Relazioni degli Ambasciatori Veneti, ser. xi. vol. iii. p. 11.

[26] Appendix, on Lucrezia Borgia; Life of Leo X.

[27] Antiq. of the House of Brunswick.

[28] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 203.

[29] Diario Ferrarese. Anon. apud Muratori, tom. xxiv. p. 399.

[30] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 207.

[31] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 220.

[32] Vol. iv. p. 281.

[33] C. Secundi Curionis Epist., lib.

[34] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 307.

[35] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 307.

[36] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 329.

[37] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 307.

[38] Altogether wrongfully, it should seem.

[39] Opere di Bembo; Milano, 1810, vol. vii. p. 226.

[40] Letters of Calcagnini cited by Bonnet, in his Vie d'Olympia Morata, p. 27.

[41] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 359.

[42] Tiraboschi, tom. vii. p. 1746.

[43] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 359.

[44] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 359.

[45] Tiraboschi, tom. vii. p. 2286.

[46] This brief account of the career of Curione has been taken from Bonnet's Vie d'Olympia, supplemented, where necessary, by Tiraboschi.

[47] Tiraboschi, tom. vii. p. 1747.

[49] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 329.

[50] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 329.

[51] Frizzi, ibid.

[52] For the original, see Note 3.

[53] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 360.

[54] Ibid.

[55] Calc. Opera., cited by Bonnet.

[56] Celio Curione, Epist., cited by Bonnet.

[57] Cited by M. Bonnet.

[58] A citation from Juvenal, alluding to certain rhetorical jousting–bouts established by Caligula at Lyons.

[59] Curionis, Epist.

[60] Calcag. Opera.

[62] Bonnet, p. 37.

[64] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 347.

[65] Frizzi, vol. i. p. 147.

[67] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 342.

[68] The historian of Ferrara, Gaspar Sardi, dedicated to her, towards the end of the period spoken of, his book "De Triplici PhilosophiÂ."

[69] Sansovino, Hist. de Casa Orsini, cited by Bonnet.

[70] Olymp. Mor. C. S. Curioni, cited by Bonnet.

[71] For the original Greek, see Note 7.

[72] Olymp. Mor. Oper., cited by Bonnet.

[73] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 348.

[74] Antiq. Esten., tom. ii. p. 371.

[75] C.S. Curionis Epist., lib. i. p. 11, cited by Bonnet.

[76] Vie d'Olympia, p. 69.

[77] Article Bolsec.

[78] Beza, in Vit Calvini.

[79] Bonnet, Vie, p. 69.

[80] Vie d'Olymp. ibid.

[81] Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 359.

[82] Histoire des Martyrs, cited by Bonnet, p. 74.

[83] Melchior Adam, Vita Germanorum Medicorum. Art. GrÜnthler.

[84] Bonnet, Vie d'Olymp. p. 202.

[85] Olymp. MoratÆ Opera. BÂle, 1570.

[86] Bonnet, Vie d'Olymp. p. 79.

[88] C. S. Curione, Xysto Betulsio, 21st letter in the "EpistolÆ," Opera MoratÆ, BÂle, 1570.

[89] Mendoza. Letter to Charles of 10th June, 1848, cited by Ranke. Book 3, sec. 1.

[90] Olympia, Curioni, 23rd epist. Op. Ol. Morat. BÂle.

[91] Olympio Laurentia Schleenvio. 27th epistle in her collected works.

[92] Olym. G. Hermanno. 34th of the collection.

[93] Bonnet. Vie. p. 90.

[94] Beatus Rhenanus in a letter, which is the 50th of the century of Epist. Philolog. published by Goldast.

[95] Bayle, Art. Fugger. Note C.

[96] Bonnet, Vie d'Olymp. p. 93.

[97] The 19th of the collection, as printed at BÂle, in 1570. But neither the dates affixed to these letters, nor the order in which they are printed, are correct.

[98] Letter 17th of the collection.

[99] Olymp. Curioni et Georg. Hermanno. Letters 23rd and 34th of the collection.

[100] Bonnet, Vie d'Olymp., p. 101.

[101] Olymp. Carchisio. Letter 29th of the collection.

[102] Olymp. Carchisio. Letter 32nd.

[103] Letter 31st.

[104] Letter 24th of the collection.

[105] Absence from her husband and continued ill health.

[106] Art. Curion. Note B.

[108] Letters, 26, 27.

[109] Letter, No. 50.

[110] Olympia cuidam concionatori Germano. Letter 39.

[111] Letter, 28.

[112] Corresp. ined. de Calv. cited by Bonnet, p. 121.

[113] Bonnet. Vie d'Olymp. p. 103.

[114] Vie d'Olymp. p. 130.

[115] Letter 37.

[116] Vie d'Olymp. p. 133.

[117] Letter 37.

[118] Letter 58.

[119] Olympia a Madonna Cherubina. Letter 86. The only one of the collection written in Italian.

[120] Letter to Cherubina.

[121] Olympia's letter to her sister.

[122] Letter to Donna Cherubina, already quoted.

[123] Letter 40.

[124] "Quin et pallam egregiam donavit, plus quam mille sestertium nummorum Æstimatam."—Letter to her sister.

[125] Letter. 74. of the collection of Olympia's letters.

[126] "Id quod doctorem etiam et Olympiam in summam admirationem adduxit."

[127] Annales de Vit et Rebus gestis Federici II., Electoris Palatini lib. xiv. Ann. 1554, quoted by Bonnet.

[128] Letter 50.

[129] Letter 50.

[130] Letter 56.

[131] Letter 46.

[132] Letter 68.

[133] Letter 69.

[134] All of them at BÂle, with the following dates, 1558, 1562, 1570, 1580. That of 1570 has been referred to in these pages.

[135] Mazzuchelli, tom. i. p. 711.

[136] Lib. III. cap. iii. sect. 61.

[137] Cited, Ibid.

[138] Tiraboschi, lib. III. cap. iii. sect. 61.

[139] Mazzuchelli, vita.

[140] Venezia e sue Lagune. Vol. ii. part 2. Ap. p. 6.

[141] Bianca Capello. Cenni storico–critici. Venezia, 1828.

[143] Cigogna, p. 26.

[144] Cigogna, ibid. p. 19.

[145] Siebenkees. Life of Bianca. Gotha, 1789.—Sismondi.

[146] Cigogna, p. 7.

[147] Litta. Famiglia Medici. Art.—Bianca.

[148] Litta. Fam. Med. Art.—Bianca.

[149] Litta, ibidem.

[150] Cigogna. Cenni storico–critici. p. 9.

[151] Cigogna. Ibid. p. 9.

[152] Litta. Ibidem.

[153] See Appendix. Letter I.

[154] Galluzzi. Istoria del Granducato. Lib. 4, cap. 2.

[155] Cigogna. Ibidem. p. 10.

[156] Galluzzi. Istoria del Granducato. Lib. 4.—Litta. Famiglia Medici.

[157] Litta. Ibidem.

[158] See Appendix. Letters I. and III.

[159] Galluzzi. Istoria del Ducato. Lib. 4.

[160] Galluzzi. Istoria del Ducato. Lib. 4, cap. 1.

[161] Litta. Fam. Med. Art. Ferdinando.—Galluzzi. Lib. 4.

[162] Cronaca MS. del Settimanni, cited by Guerazzi in his "Isabella Orsini," p. 177.

[163] Litta. Fam. Med. Art. Isabella Orsini.

[164] MSS. Caponi, cited by Galluzzi. Isa. Orsini, p. 178.

[165] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, cap. 2.—Litta. Fam. Med. Art. Isabella.—Ademollo. Mari. de' Ricci, Notes to, p. 810.

[167] These words actually do occur in a book of memoranda of the kind mentioned, which is still extant.

[168] Printed by Galuzzi. Lib. 4. ch. 2.

[169] Litta. Fam. Med. Art. Bianca.

[170] Ademollo. Mar. de Ricci. Notes, p. 628.

[171] Galluzzi. Ist. del Gr. ducato. Lib. 4, c. 2.

[172] Galluzzi. Ist. del Gr. ducato. Lib. 4. ch. 2.

[173] Galluzzi. Ibid. Lib. 4, ch. 3.

[174] Osservatore Fiorentino. Tom. 3, p. 106.

[175] Machiavelli. Op. Ed. Italia, 1813. V. iv. p. 194.

[176] Malespini. Novelli. Par. 2, nov. 24.

[177] Litta. Fam. Med. Art. Giovanni.—Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. iii.

[178] See Appendix. Letter VIII. and Note.

[179] Galluzzi. Ibidem.

[180] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 3.

[181] Galluzzi. Ibidem.

[182] Galluzzi. Ibidem.

[183] MS. Rinieri, cited by Cigogna, Cenni Critico–storia, p. 42.

[184] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 3.

[185] Cenni. Storico–critici, p. 27.

[186] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 3.

[187] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, cap. 4.

[188] Registri secreti del Senato, cited by Cigogna.—Cenni, Critico–storici, p. 28.

[189] Cenni, Storici, p. 44.

[190] Lib. 4, ch. 4.

[191] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 4.

[193] Cigogna. Cenni, Storico–critici, p. 30.

[194] See Cigogna. Cenni, Storico–critici, p. 31.

[196] Cigogna. Cenni, Storico–critici, p. 32.

[197] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 4.

[198] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 5.

[199] Adriani. Lib. 19.—Galluzzi. Lib. 3.

[200] Republiques. V. 16, p. 204.

[201] Galluzzi. Lib. 4.—Sismondi. Ch. 123.

[202] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 5.

[203] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 5.

[204] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 6.

[205] Lib. 4, ch. 6.

[206] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 5.

[207] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 6.

[208] Letter from Giovanni Vettorio Soderini to Signore Silvio Piccolomini; printed in the Notes to Guerrazzi's "Isabella Orsini," p. 179.

[209] "FamiliaritÀ con l'olio di vetriolo."

[210] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 6.

[211] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 7.

[212] Printed by Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 7.

[213] Printed by Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 7.

[214] Printed by Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 8.

[215] See, in confirmation of his view, Appendix, art. II.

[217] The sentence is thus incomplete in the original.

[218] "Scontorcimenti."

[220] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 8.

[221] "Non fece testamento prima, nÈ poi."

[222] "Rispettosamente;" which means literally "respectfully," and not "doubtfully." But "respectful" does not describe the manner of a sovereign to a captain of his guards. The author's meaning evidently is "with a manner the reverse of security and boldness."

[223] Galluzzi. Lib. 4, ch. 8.

[224] Hist. Rep. Ital., ch. 123.

[225] Letter of Soderini.—Guerrazzi's Isabella Orsini.

[226] Giusti. The stinging satires of this Tuscan poet, who died a few years since in the prime of life, should be read by those who wish to obtain a just notion of the lights and shades of modern Italian life.

[227] Guide Book to Central Italy.

[228] Storia Pittorica, vol. v. p. 97, edit. 4to.

[229] Lanzi should have written "recorded by herself;" for Malvasia, the historian of Bolognese art, merely prints a catalogue, left by the artist in her own handwriting.

[230] The list, however, is not complete, as there are pictures by her extant, which are not enumerated in it.

[231] This would seem to refer either to the medical brother or to the pupils in the house.

[232] She alludes in all probability to the murder of her husband; if so, the date of this letter would enable us to fix, with some approach to accuracy, the time of that event, which the Florentine contemporary writers have not mentioned, and which the subsequent historians have not been able to fix.

[233] This appears to allude to some scheme of marriage, which Bianca would seem to have in some degree encouraged.

[234] Signor Odorici thinks, in all probability correctly, that this matter, of too great importance to be written, was her hope of being married to the Duke after the death of the Duchess. He observes, that even the seal attached by Bianca to this letter seems to have reference to such an idea. It bore a Venus arming Cupid with arrows, with the motto significative enough certainly as a device of Bianca, "Aude et fiet." But if such a scheme of succeeding to the place of the Grand Duchess appeared to be of such importance as to deserve the coming of her cousin to Florence to discuss it, while the lady to be supplanted was still alive and well, do not such plannings and discussions add some degree of probability to the Florentine notion, that Giovanna's welcome death was unduly hastened?

[235] It must be observed, that from this letter it would appear either that the "matter which cannot be put on paper" was, after all, not what has been conjectured, or that her wishes and intentions of returning to Venice were insincere.

[236] An antidote to poison.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

—Plain text and punctuation errors fixed.

—Cover image produced by transcriber and placed in public domain.





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