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Ordinances, Passed by the Legislative Council of Great Salt Lake City, and Ordered to be Printed
(Ordinances, Passed by the Legislative Council of Great Salt Lake City, and Ordered to be Printed)

Brigham Young's nephew Brigham Hamilton Young was the first printer within the present boundaries of Utah. A manuscript "Journal History" of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints records that on January 22, 1849, "Brigham H. Young and Thomas Bullock were engaged in setting type for the fifty cent bills, paper currency. This was the first typesetting in the [Salt Lake] Valley. The bills were to be printed on the press made by Truman O. Angell."[110]

The Law Library of the Library of Congress keeps in a small manila envelope a remarkable group of five very early examples of Utah printing, some of which must have been issued in 1850. The one that seems to be the earliest has the title Ordinances, Passed by the Legislative Council of Great Salt Lake City, and Ordered to be Printed. This piece—like the others without indication of place or date of printing—may be assigned to a press from Boston which reached Salt Lake City in August of 1849 and supplanted the original homemade press. Listed as number 3 in Douglas C. McMurtrie's The Beginnings of Printing in Utah, with a Bibliography of the Issues of the Utah Press 1849-1860 (Chicago, 1931), it is a four-page leaflet containing nine ordinances passed between February 24 and December 29, 1849. Among them are a "Penalty for Riding Horses Without Leave, Driving Cattle Off the Feeding Range, &c." and "An Ordinance Creating an Office for the Recording of 'Marks and Brands' on Horses, Mules, Cattle, and All Other Stock."

A 34-page pamphlet entitled Constitution of the State of Deseret (not in McMurtrie; Sabin 98220) is obviously from the same press. Appended to the constitution, which was approved November 20, 1849, are several ordinances passed between March 9, 1849, and March 28, 1850. Another issue of this press (not in McMurtrie or Sabin) is a slightly mutilated three-page leaflet: Rules and Regulations for the Governing of Both Houses of the General Asse{mbly} of the State of Deseret, When in Joint Session; and for Each Respective House, When in Separate Session. Adopted by the Senate and House of Representatives, December 2, 1850. Of unspecified date is a single leaf, unrecorded and apparently unique, captioned Standing Committees of the House. Finally, there is among these imprints a copy of the 80-page Ordinances. Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Deseret, known as the "Compilation of 1851" and listed as number 8 by McMurtrie, who writes, "A copy of the 1851 volume in the library of the Church Historian's Office was used in 1919 for making a reprint, but the original has since disappeared.[111] A copy is said to be in private ownership in California." The latter is undoubtedly the one now in the Library of Congress.

The only one of these extremely rare imprints to show marks of previous ownership is the "Compilation of 1851." It was autographed by Phinehas Richards, who served both as representative and as senator in the provisional legislature of the state of Deseret. Whether the other four pieces also belonged to him is not clear; in any event all five came into the hands of his son, Franklin Dewey Richards (1821-99), who for half a century was an Apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, becoming president of the Apostles' Quorum, and who served as Church Historian for the last 10 years of his life.[112] A Library of Congress purchase order dated October 31, 1940, reveals that these imprints were contained in a bound volume labeled "Laws of Utah—F. D. Richards"; that by agreement the Library had them removed from the volume and subsequently returned it to Mr. Frank S. Richards, in care of the San Francisco bookseller John Howell; and that the price paid for the detached items was $1,600. Frank S. Richards, an attorney residing in Piedmont, Calif., is a great-grandson of Franklin Dewey Richards, most of whose books he has given to the Bancroft Library of the University of California.

[110] Quoted from Wendell J. Ashton, Voice in the West, Biography of a Pioneer Newspaper (New York, 1950), p. 367, note 17. This book is about Utah's first newspaper, the Deseret News, established June 15, 1850, of which the earliest original issue in the Library of Congress is dated May 31, 1851.

[111] It is now available again at the Church Historian's Office. Another copy is in the Harvard Law Library.

[112] See Franklin L. West, Life of Franklin D. Richards (Salt Lake City [1924]).


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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