The Empire and the Papacy, 918-1273

CONTENTS

CHAPTER		PAGE
I.	Introduction,	1

II.	The Saxon Kings of the Germans, and the Revival of the Roman Empire by Otto i. (919–973),	12

III.	The German Empire at the Height of its Power. The later Saxon and early Salian Emperors (973–1056),	36

IV.	France and its Vassal States under the last Carolingians and the early Capetians (929–1108),	66

V.	The Cluniac Reformation (910–1073), and Italy in the Eleventh Century,	96

VI.	The Investiture Contest (1056–1125),	120

VII.	The Eastern Empire and the Seljukian Turks (912–1095),	151

VIII.	The Early Crusades and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (1095–1187),	177

IX.	The Monastic Movement and the Twelfth Century Renascence,	198

X.	Germany and Italy (1125–1152),	221

XI.	Frederick Barbarossa and Alexander III. The renewed Conflict between Papacy and Empire (1152–1190),	245

XII.	France, Normandy, and Anjou, and the Beginnings of the Greatness of the Capetian Monarchy (1108–1189),	274

XIII.	The Third Crusade and the Reign of Henry VI. (1187–1197),	295

XIV.	Europe in the days of Innocent III. (1198–1216),	313

XV.	The Byzantine Empire in the Twelfth Century; the Fourth Crusade, and the Latin Empire in the East (1095–1261),	336

XVI.	Frederick II. and the Papacy (1216–1250),	358

XVII.	France under Philip Augustus and St. Louis (1180–1270),	393

XVIII.	The Universities and the Friars,	428

XIX.	The Last Crusades and the East in the Thirteenth Century,	450

XX.	The Growth of Christian Spain,	464

XXI.	The Fall of the Hohenstaufen and the Great Interregnum (1250–1273),	478


MAPS

1.	Germany under the Saxon and Swabian Emperors,	11
2.	Ecclesiastical Divisions of Germany,	24
3.	France, showing the great fiefs,	93
4.	South Italy before the Norman Conquest,	104
5.	Middle Italy in the Eleventh Century,	111
6.	The Eastern Empire in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries,	153
7.	The Crusading States in Syria in the Twelfth Century,	185
8.	Dominions of Saladin in 1193,	196
9.	Possessions of the Guelfs in the days of Henry the Lion,	Clyx.com