Menstruation commonly occurs at regular monthly intervals, during a period of about thirty years. The time for its cessation depends somewhat upon the date of its first appearance. In the temperate zones it commences at about the fifteenth year, and, consequently should terminate at the forty-fifth year. Instances are common, however, in which it has been prolonged until the fiftieth and even to the fifty-fifth year. In warm climates it commences and terminates at an earlier age.

As women approach the critical period of life, if the general health and habits be good, the discharge may gradually diminish, and, at length, totally disappear, without producing any particular inconvenience, but this seldom happens. More frequently, the discharge is entirely absent for six or seven weeks, and when it does return, it is more copious than usual. In some cases, the flow is not only too profuse, but too frequent. Many months may elapse before the menses return, and, even then, they are apt to be very pale and deficient in quantity.

The fluctuations of this function occasion irregularities and disturbances of the general health. When the flow of blood is diverted from the uterus, it is liable to be directed to the head or some other part of the body. In fact, there appears to be constitutional agitation, and disorders of all the organs. Perhaps one reason for calling this a critical period is, that if there is a morbid tendency in the system, a disposition to develop tumors of the breast or uterus, these are very liable to make rapid progress at this time, since they are not relieved by the customary, local exudation of blood. It is a time favorable to the awakening of latent disorder and morbid growths, for, at the decline of the menstrual function, the uterus is not so capable of resisting vitiating influences.

There is greater liability to irritation of the bladder and rectum, and the menstrual flow may be superseded by a white, acrid discharge, caused by an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the vagina. Even if the system be not enfeebled by excessive losses of blood, debility may result from a continued irritation of the uterine organs, and cause the morbid discharge. The nervous system sympathetically responds, becoming exceedingly irritable, and thus implicating in this derangement every bodily organ. In some constitutions, the change of any habit is almost impossible, particularly if it is improperly acquired, or detrimental to health; and so we have sometimes thought respecting this function, that the more it has been abused and perverted [pg 701]during the time of Its natural activity, the greater is the disturbance occasioned when it ceases.

Treatment. There should be regularity in all the habits of life. Women are too apt to approach this important period without due care and consideration. When the physical system is about to suspend a function, it is folly to endeavor to perform the labor or assume the responsibilities which were permissible when the constitution was more robust.

How the duties of each day and hour weigh upon the energies of the mother! What intense solicitude and yearning she experiences! How unselfish is that mother who each day works steadily and faithfully for others, and who is conscious of the hidden dangers that lurk around her pathway! With confiding faith and love, she commends the interests of her children to Him who doeth all things well. She anticipates the wants of her family and strives to supply the desired comforts, thus wasting her strength in the labors prompted by her loving nature. Would it not be a greater comfort to those children to have the counsel of their dear mother in later years, than to have the bitter reflection that she sacrificed her health and life for their gratification?

Unconsciously, perhaps, but none the less certainly, do women enter upon this period regardless of the care they ought to bestow upon themselves. Without sufficient forethought or an understanding of the functional changes taking place, they over-tax their strength, until, by continuous exertion, they break down under those labors which, to persons of their age, are excessive and injurious. Is it strange, when woman has thus exhausted her energies, when her body trembles with fatigue and her mind is agitated with responsibilities, that the menses capriciously return, or the uterus is unable to withstand congestion, and capillary hemorrhage becomes excessive? If the physical system had not been thus exhausted, it would have exercised its powers for the conservation of health and strength. It is better to be forewarned of the ills to which we are liable, and fortify ourselves against them, rather than squander the strength intended for personal preservation. Let every woman, and especially every mother, consider her situation and properly prepare for that grand climacteric, which so materially influences her future health and life.

The general health should be carefully preserved by those exercises which will equalize the circulation of the blood, and the regular action of the bowels should be promoted by the use of those articles of diet which contribute to this end. Relieve the mind of responsibility, keep the skin clean, and enrich the blood with tonics and alteratives. For the latter purpose, use Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription and "Golden Medical Discovery." If these remedies fail, seek professional advice. A careful regulation of the habits, strict attention to the requirements of the system, and the use of tonic medicines, will very frequently render the employment of a physician unnecessary

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