Notes and Queries, Sixth Series, x. 287. See letter from Swift to John Temple, February 1737. She was then “quite sunk with years and unwieldliness.” AthenÆum, Aug. 8, 1891. Journal, May 4, 1711. Craik’s Life of Swift, 269. Unpublished Letters of Dean Swift, pp. 189–96. In 1730 he wrote, “Those who have been married may form juster ideas of that estate than I can pretend to do” (Dr. Birkbeck Hill’s Unpublished Letters of Dean Swift, p. 237). Scott added a new incident which has become incorporated in the popular conception of Swift’s story. Delany is said to have met Swift rushing out of Archbishop King’s study, with a countenance of distraction, immediately after the wedding. King, who was in tears, said, “You have just met the most unhappy man on earth; but on the subject of his wretchedness you must never ask a question.” Will it be believed that Scott—who rejects Delany’s inference from this alleged incident—had no better authority for it than “a friend of his (Delany’s) relict”? This incident, for which there is probably some foundation of fact—we cannot say how much—has been greatly expanded by Mrs. Woods in her novel Esther Vanhomrigh. Unfortunately most of her readers cannot, of course, judge exactly how far her story is a work of imagination. In October Swift explained that he had been in the country “partly to see a lady of my old acquaintance, who was extremely ill” (Unpublished Letters of Dean Swift, p. 198). There is a story that shortly before her death Swift begged Stella to allow herself to be publicly announced as his wife, but that she replied that it was then too late. The versions given by Delany and Theophilus Swift differ considerably, while Sheridan alters the whole thing by representing Swift as brutally refusing to comply with Stella’s last wishes. There has also been the absurd suggestion that the impediment was Swift’s knowledge that both he and Stella were the illegitimate children of Sir William Temple—a theory which is absolutely disproved by known facts. It is curious to note the intimate knowledge of some of Swift’s peculiarities which was possessed by the hostile writer of a pamphlet called A Hue and Cry after Dr. S—t, published in 1714. That piece consists, for the most part, of extracts from a supposed Diary by Swift, and contains such passages as these: “Friday. Go to the Club . . . Am treated. Expenses one shilling.” “Saturday. Bid my servant get all things ready for a journey to the country: mend my breeches; hire a washerwoman, making her allow for old shirts, socks, dabbs and markees, which she bought of me . . . Six coaches of quality, and nine hacks, this day called at my lodgings.” “Thursday. The Earl looked queerly: left him in a huff. Bid him send for me when he was fit for company. . . . Spent ten shillings.” The “little language” is marked chiefly by such changes of letters (e.g., l for r, or r for l) as a child makes when learning to speak. The combinations of letters in which Swift indulges are not so easy of interpretation. For himself he uses Pdfr, and sometimes Podefar or FR (perhaps Poor dear foolish rogue). Stella is Ppt (Poor pretty thing). MD (my dears) usually stands for both Stella and Mrs. Dingley, but sometimes for Stella alone. Mrs. Dingley is indicated by ME (Madam Elderly), D, or DD (Dear Dingley). The letters FW may mean Farewell, or Foolish Wenches. Lele seems sometimes to be There, there, and sometimes Truly. Addressed “To Mrs. Dingley, at Mr. Curry’s house over against the Ram in Capel Street, Dublin, Ireland,” and endorsed by Esther Johnson, “Sept. 9. Received.” Afterwards Swift added, “MD received this Sept. 9,” and “Letters to Ireland from Sept.1710, begun soon after the change of Ministry. Nothing in this.” Beaumont is the “grey old fellow, poet Joe,” of Swift’s verses “On the little house by the Churchyard at Castlenock.” Joseph Beaumont, a linen-merchant, is described as “a venerable, handsome, grey-headed man, of quick and various natural abilities, but not improved by learning.” His inventions and mathematical speculations, relating to the longitude and other things, brought on mental troubles, which were intensified by bankruptcy, about 1718. He was afterwards removed from Dublin to his home at Trim, where he rallied; but in a few years his madness returned, and he committed suicide. Vicar of Trim, and formerly a Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. In various places in his correspondence Swift criticises the failings of Dr. Anthony Raymond, who was, says Scott, “a particular friend.” His unreliability in money matters, the improvidence of his large family, his peculiarities in grammar, his pride in his good manners, all these points are noticed in the journal and elsewhere. But when Dr. Raymond returned to Ireland after a visit to London, Swift felt a little melancholy, and regretted that he had not seen more of him. In July 1713 Raymond was presented to the Crown living of Moyenet. A small township on the estuary of the Dee, between twelve and thirteen miles north-west of Chester. In the early part of the eighteenth century Parkgate was a rival of Holyhead as a station for the Dublin packets, which started, on the Irish side, from off Kingsend. Dr. St. George Ashe, afterwards Bishop of Derry, who had been Swift’s tutor at Trinity College, Dublin. He died in 1718. It is this lifelong friend who is said to have married Swift and Esther Johnson in 1716. The Commission to solicit for the remission of the First-Fruits and twentieth parts, payable to the Crown by the Irish clergy, was signed by the Archbishops of Armagh, Dublin, and Cashel, and the Bishops of Kildare, Meath, and Killala. Dr. William Lloyd was appointed Bishop of Killala in 1690. He had previously been Dean of Achonry. Dr. John Hough (1651–1743). In 1687 he had been elected President of Magdalen College, Oxford, in place of the nominee of James II. Hough was Bishop of Oxford, Lichfield, and Worcester successively, and declined the primacy in 1715. Steele was at this time Gazetteer. The Cockpit, in Whitehall, looked upon St. James’s Palace, and was used for various Government purposes. This coffee-house, the resort of the Whig politicians, was kept by a man named Elliot. It is often alluded to in the Tatler and Spectator. William Stewart, second Viscount Mountjoy, a friend and correspondent of Swift’s in Ireland. He was the son of one of William’s generals, and was himself a Lieutenant-General and Master-General of the Ordnance; he died in 1728. Catherine, daughter of Maurice Keating, of Narraghmore, Kildare, and wife of Garret Wesley, of Dangan, M.P. for Meath. She died in 1745. On the death of Garret Wesley without issue in 1728, the property passed to a cousin, Richard Colley, who was afterwards created Baron Mornington, and was grandfather to the Duke of Wellington. The landlady of Esther Johnson and Mrs. Dingley. Swift’s housekeeper at Laracor. Elsewhere Swift speaks of his “old Presbyterian housekeeper,” “who has been my Walpole above thirty years, whenever I lived in this kingdom.” “Joe Beaumont is my oracle for public affairs in the country, and an old Presbyterian woman in town.” Isaiah Parvisol, Swift’s tithe-agent and steward at Laracor, was an Irishman of French extraction, who died in 1718 (Birkbeck’s Unpublished Letters of Dean Swift, 1899, p.85). In some MS. Accounts of Swift’s, in the Forster Collection at South Kensington there is the following entry:—“Set out for England Aug. 31st on Thursday, 10 at night; landed at Parkgate Friday 1st at noon. Sept. 1, 1710, came to London. Thursday at noon, Sept. 7th, with Lord Mountjoy, etc. Mem.: Lord Mountjoy bore my expenses from Chester to London.” In a letter to Archbishop King of the same date Swift says he was “equally caressed by both parties; by one as a sort of bough for drowning men to lay hold of, and by the other as one discontented with the late men in power.” The Earl of Godolphin, who was severely satirised by Swift in his Sid Hamet’s Rod, 1710. He had been ordered to break his staff as Treasurer on August 8. Swift told Archbishop King that Godolphin was “altogether short, dry, and morose.” Martha, widow of Sir Thomas Giffard, Bart., of County Kildare, the favourite sister of Sir William Temple, had been described by Swift in early pindaric verses as “wise and great.” Afterwards he was to call her “an old beast” (Journal, Nov. 11, 1710). Their quarrel arose, towards the close of 1709, out of a difference with regard to the publication of Sir William Temple’s Works. On the appearance of vol. v. Lady Giffard charged Swift with publishing portions of the writings from an unfaithful copy in lieu of the originals in his possession, and in particular with printing laudatory notices of Godolphin and Sunderland which Temple intended to omit, and with omitting an unfavourable remark on Sunderland which Temple intended to print. Swift replied that the corrections were all made by Temple himself. Lord Wharton’s second wife, Lucy, daughter of Lord Lisburn. She died in 1716, a few months after her husband. See Lady M. W. Montagu’s Letters. Mrs. Bridget Johnson, who married, as her second husband, Ralph Mose or Moss, of Farnham, an agent for Sir William Temple’s estate, was waiting-woman or companion to Lady Giffard. In her will (1722) Lady Giffard left Mrs. Moss £20, “with my silver cup and cover.” Mrs. Moss died in 1745, when letters of administration were granted to a creditor of the deceased. Dr. William King (1650–1729), a Whig and High Churchman, had more than one difference with Swift during the twenty years following Swift’s first visit to London in connection with the First-Fruits question. Swift’s benefice, in the diocese of Meath, two miles from Trim. Steele, who had been issuing the Tatler thrice weekly since April 1709. He lost the Gazetteership in October. James, second Duke of Ormond (1665–1745) was appointed Lord Lieutenant on the 26th of October. In the following year he became Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief. He was impeached of high treason and attainted in 1715; and he died in exile. “Presto,” substituted by the original editor for “Pdfr,” was suggested by a passage in the Journal for Aug. 2, 1711, where Swift says that the Duchess of Shrewsbury “could not say my name in English, but said Dr. Presto, which is Italian for Swift.” Charles Jervas, the popular portrait-painter, has left two portraits of Swift, one of which is in the National Portrait Gallery, and the other in the Bodleian Library. Sir William Temple’s nephew, and son of Sir John Temple (died 1704), Solicitor and Attorney-General, and Speaker of the Irish House of Commons. “Jack” Temple acquired the estate of Moor Park, Surrey, by his marriage with Elizabeth, granddaughter of Sir William Temple, and elder daughter of John Temple, who committed suicide in 1689. As late as 1706 Swift received an invitation to visit Moor Park. Dr. Benjamin Pratt, Provost of Trinity College, Dublin, was appointed Dean of Down in 1717. Swift calls him “a person of wit and learning,” and “a gentleman of good birth and fortune, . . . very much esteemed among us” (Short Character of Thomas, Earl of Wharton). On his death in 1721 Swift wrote, “He was one of the oldest acquaintance I had, and the last that I expected to die. He has left a young widow, in very good circumstances. He had schemes of long life. . . . What a ridiculous thing is man!” (Unpublished Letters of Dean Swift, 1899, p. 106). A Westmeath landlord, whom Swift met from time to time in London. The Leighs were well acquainted with Esther Johnson. Dr. Enoch Sterne, appointed Dean of St. Patrick’s, Dublin, in 1704. Swift was his successor in the deanery on Dr. Sterne’s appointment as Bishop of Dromore in 1713. In 1717 Sterne was translated to the bishopric of Clogher. He spent much money on the cathedrals, etc., with which he was connected. Archdeacon Walls was rector of Castle Knock, near Trim. Esther Johnson was a frequent visitor at his house in Queen Street, Dublin. William Frankland, Comptroller of the Inland Office at the Post Office, was the second son of the Postmaster-General, Sir Thomas Frankland, Bart. Luttrell (vi. 333) records that in 1708 he was made Treasurer of the Stamp Office, or, according to Chamberlayne’s Mag. Brit. Notitia for 1710, Receiver-General. Thomas Wharton, Earl and afterwards Marquis of Wharton, had been one of Swift’s fellow-travellers from Dublin. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland under the Whig Government, from 1708 to 1710, Wharton was the most thorough-going party man that had yet appeared in English politics; and his political enemies did not fail to make the most of his well-known immorality. In his Notes to Macky’s Characters Swift described Wharton as “the most universal villain that ever I knew.” On his death in 1715 he was succeeded by his profligate son, Philip, who was created Duke of Wharton in 1718. This money was a premium the Government had promised Beaumont for his Mathematical Sleying Tables, calculated for the improvement of the linen manufacture. The bellman was both town-crier and night-watchman. Dr. William Cockburn (1669–1739), Swift’s physician, of a good Scottish family, was educated at Leyden. He invented an electuary for the cure of fluxes, and in 1730, in The Danger of Improving Physick, satirised the academical physicians who envied him the fortune he had made by his secret remedy. He was described in 1729 as “an old very rich quack.” Sir Matthew Dudley, Bart., an old Whig friend, was M.P. for Huntingdonshire, and Commissioner of the Customs from 1706 to 1712, and again under George I., until his death in 1721. Isaac Manley, who was appointed Postmaster-General in Ireland in 1703 (Luttrell, v. 333). He had previously been Comptroller of the English Letter Office, a post in which he was succeeded by William Frankland, son of Sir Thomas Frankland. Dunton calls Manley “loyal and acute.” Sir Thomas Frankland was joint Postmaster-General from 1691 to 1715. He succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his father, Sir William Frankland, in 1697, and he died in 1726. Macky describes Sir Thomas as “of a sweet and easy disposition, zealous for the Constitution, yet not forward, and indulgent to his dependants.” On this Swift comments, “This is a fair character.” Theophilus Butler, elected M.P. for Cavan, in the Irish Parliament, in 1703, and for Belturbet (as “the Right Hon. Theophilus Butler”) in 1713. On May 3, 1710, Luttrell wrote (Brief Relation of State Affairs, vi. 577), “’Tis said the Earl of Montrath, Lord Viscount Mountjoy . . . and Mr. Butler will be made Privy Councillors of the Kingdom of Ireland.” Butler—a contemporary of Swift’s at Trinity College, Dublin—was created Baron of Newtown-Butler in 1715, and his brother, who succeeded him in 1723, was made Viscount Lanesborough. Butler’s wife was Emilia, eldest daughter and co-heir of James Stopford, of Tara, County Meath. No. 193 of the Tatler, for July 4, 1710, contained a letter from Downes the Prompter—not by Steele himself—in ridicule of Harley and his proposed Ministry. Charles Robartes, second Earl of Radnor, who died in 1723. In the Journal for Dec. 30, 1711, Swift calls him “a scoundrel.” Benjamin Tooke, Swift’s bookseller or publisher, lived at the Middle Temple Gate. Dunton wrote of him, “He is truly honest, a man of refined sense, and is unblemished in his reputation.” Tooke died in 1723. Swift’s servant, of whose misdeeds he makes frequent complaints in the Journal. Deputy Vice-Treasurer of Ireland. In one place Swift calls him Captain Pratt; and in all probability he is the John Pratt who, as we learn from Dalton’s English Army Lists, was appointed captain in General Erle’s regiment of foot in 1699, and was out of the regiment by 1706. In 1702 he obtained the Queen’s leave to be absent from the regiment when it was sent to the West Indies. Pratt seems to have been introduced to Swift by Addison. Charles Ford, of Wood Park, near Dublin, was a great lover of the opera and a friend of the Tory wits. He was appointed Gazetteer in 1712. Gay calls him “joyous Ford,” and he was given to over-indulgence in conviviality. See Swift’s poem on Stella at Wood Park. Lord Somers, to whom Swift had dedicated The Tale of a Tub, with high praise of his public and private virtues. In later years Swift said that Somers “possessed all excellent qualifications except virtue.” At the foundation school of the Ormonds at Kilkenny (see p. 10, note 6.) A Whig haberdasher. Benjamin Hoadley, the Whig divine, had been engaged in controversy with Sacheverell, Blackall, and Atterbury. After the accession of George I. he became Bishop of Bangor, Hereford, Salisbury, and Winchester in success. Dr. Henry Sacheverell, whose impeachment and trial had led to the fall of the Whig Government. Sir Berkeley Lucy, Bart., F.R.S., married Katherine, daughter of Charles Cotton, of Beresford, Staffordshire, Isaac Walton’s friend. Lady Lucy died in 1740, leaving an only surviving daughter, Mary, who married the youngest son of the Earl of Northampton, and had two sons, who became successively seventh and eighth Earls of Northampton. Forster and others assumed that “Lady Lucy” was a Lady Lucy Stanhope, though they were not able to identify her. It was reserved for Mr. Ryland to clear up this difficulty. As he points out, Lady Lucy’s elder sister, Olive, married George Stanhope, Dean of Canterbury, and left a daughter Mary,—Swift’s “Moll Stanhope,”—a beauty and a madcap, who married, in 1712, William Burnet, son of Bishop Burnet, and died in 1714. Mary, another sister of Lady Lucy’s, married Augustine Armstrong, of Great Ormond Street, and is the Mrs. Armstrong mentioned by Swift on Feb. 3, 1711, as a pretender to wit, without taste. Sir Berkeley Lucy’s mother was a daughter of the first Earl of Berkeley, and it was probably through the Berkeleys that Swift came to know the Lucys. Ann Long was sister to Sir James Long, and niece to Colonel Strangeways. Once a beauty and toast of the Kit-Cat Club, she fell into narrow circumstances through imprudence and the unkindness of her friends, and retired under the name of Mrs. Smythe to Lynn, in Norfolk, where she died in 1711 (see Journal, December 25, 1711). Swift said, “She was the most beautiful person of the age she lived in; of great honour and virtue, infinite sweetness and generosity of temper, and true good sense” (Forster’s Swift, 229). In a letter of December 1711, Swift wrote that she “had every valuable quality of body and mind that could make a lady loved and esteemed.” Said, I know not on what authority, to be Swift’s friend, Mrs. Barton. But Mrs. Barton is often mentioned by Swift as living in London in 1710–11. One of Swift’s cousins, who was separated from her husband, a man of bad character, living abroad. Her second husband, Lancelot, a servant of Lord Sussex, lived in New Bond Street, and there Swift lodged in 1727. £100,000. Francis Stratford’s name appears in the Dublin University Register for 1686 immediately before Swift’s. Budgell is believed to have referred to the friendship of Swift and Stratford in the Spectator, No. 353, where he describes two schoolfellows, and says that the man of genius was buried in a country parsonage of £160 a year, while his friend, with the bare abilities of a common scrivener, had gained an estate of above £100,000. William Cowper, afterwards Lord Cowper. Sir Simon Harcourt, afterwards Viscount Harcourt, had been counsel for Sacheverell. On Sept. 19, 1710, he was appointed Attorney-General, and on October 19 Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. In April 1713 he became Lord Chancellor. This may be some relative of Dr. John Freind (see p. 65), or, more probably, as Sir Henry Craik suggests, a misprint for Colonel Frowde, Addison’s friend (see Journal, Nov. 4, 1710). No officer named Freind or Friend is mentioned in Dalton’s English Army Lists. See the Tatler, Nos. 124, 203. There are various allusions in the “Wentworth Papers” to this, the first State Lottery of 1710; and two bluecoat boys drawing out the tickets, and showing their hands to the crowd, as Swift describes them, are shown in a reproduction of a picture in a contemporary pamphlet given in Ashton’s Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne, i. 115. A few weeks later Swift wrote, “I took a fancy of resolving to grow mad for it, but now it is off.” Sir John Holland, Bart., was a leading manager for the Commons in the impeachment of Sacheverell. He succeeded Sir Thomas Felton in the Comptrollership in March 1710. Dryden Leach. (see p. 51.) William Pate, “bel esprit and woollen-draper,” as Swift called him, lived opposite the Royal Exchange. He was Sheriff of London in 1734, and died in 1746. Arbuthnot, previous to matriculating at Oxford, lodged with Pate, who gave him a letter of introduction to Dr. Charlett, Master of University College; and Pate is supposed to have been the woollen-draper, “remarkable for his learning and good-nature,” who is mentioned by Steele in the Guardian, No. 141. James Brydges, son of Lord Chandos of Sudeley, was appointed Paymaster-General of Forces Abroad in 1707. He succeeded his father as Baron Chandos in 1714, and was created Duke of Chandos in 1729. The “princely Chandos” and his house at Canons suggested to Pope the Timon’s villa of the “Epistle to Lord Burlington.” The Duke died in 1744. Charles Talbot, created Duke of Shrewsbury in 1694, was held in great esteem by William III., and was Lord Chamberlain under Anne. In 1713 he became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and held various offices under George I., until his death in 1718. “Before he was o. age,” says Macaulay, “he was allowed to be one of the finest gentlemen and finest scholars of his time.” See p. 230. William Cavendish, second Duke of Devonshire (1673–1729), who was Lord Steward from 1707 to 1710 and from 1714 to 1716. Afterwards he was Lord President of the Council. Swift’s comment on Macky’s character of this Whig nobleman was, “A very poor understanding.” John Annesley, fourth Earl of Anglesea, a young nobleman of great promise, had only recently been appointed joint Vice-Treasurer, Receiver-General, and Paymaster of the Forces in Ireland, and sworn of the Privy Council. Nichols, followed by subsequent editors, suggested that “Durham” was a mistake for “St. David’s,” because Dr. George Bull, Bishop of St. David’s, died in 1710. But Dr. Bull died on Feb. 17, 1710, though his successor, Dr. Philip Bisse, was not appointed until November; and Swift was merely repeating a false report of the death of Lord Crewe, Bishop of Durham, which was current on the day on which he wrote. Luttrell says, on Sept. 19, “The Lord Crewe . . . died lately”; but on the 23rd he adds, “The Bishop of Durham is not dead as reported” (Brief Relation, vi. 630, 633). Lady Elizabeth (“Betty”) Butler, who died unmarried in 1750. Swift wrote in 1734, “Once every year I issued out an edict, commanding that all ladies of wit, sense, merit, and quality, who had an ambition to be acquainted with me, should make the first advances at their peril: which edict, you may believe, was universally obeyed.” Charles, second Earl of Berkeley (1649–1710), married Elizabeth, daughter of Baptist Noel, Viscount Campden. The Earl died on Sept. 24, 1710, and his widow in 1719. Swift, it will be remembered, had been chaplain to Lord Berkeley in Ireland in 1699. Lady Betty and Lady Mary Butler. (see p. 44.) Henry Boyle, Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1702 to 1708, was Secretary of State from 1708 to 1710, when he was succeeded by St. John. In 1714 he was created Baron Carleton, and he was Lord President from 1721 until his death in 1725. On Sept. 29 Swift wrote that his rooms consisted of the first floor, a dining-room and bed-chamber, at eight shillings a week. On his last visit to England, in 1726, he lodged “next door to the Royal Chair” in Bury Street. Steele lived in the same street from 1707 to 1712; and Mrs. Vanhomrigh was Swift’s next-door neighbour. In Exchange Alley. Cf. Spectator, No. 454: “I went afterwards to Robin’s, and saw people who had dined with me at the fivepenny ordinary just before, give bills for the value of large estates.” John Molesworth, Commissioner of the Stamp Office, was sent as Envoy to Tuscany in 1710, and was afterwards Minister at Florence, Venice, Geneva, and Turin. He became second Viscount Molesworth in 1725, and died in 1731. Misson says, “Every two hours you may write to any part of the city or suburbs: he that receives it pays a penny, and you give nothing when you put it into the Post; but when you write into the country both he that writes and he that receives pay each a penny.” The Penny Post system had been taken over by the Government, but was worked separately from the general Post. The Countess of Berkeley’s second daughter, who married, in 1706, Sir John Germaine, Bart. (1650–1718), a soldier of fortune. Lady Betty Germaine is said to have written a satire on Pope (Nichols’ Literary Anecdotes, ii. 11), and was a constant correspondent of Swift’s. She was always a Whig, and shortly before her death in 1769 she made a present of £100 to John Wilkes, then in prison in the Tower. Writing of Lady Betty Butler and Lady Betty Germaine, Swift says elsewhere, “I saw two Lady Bettys this afternoon; the beauty of one, the good breeding and nature of the other, and the wit of either, would have made a fine woman.” Germaine obtained the estate at Drayton through his first wife, Lady Mary Mordaunt—Lord Peterborough’s sister—who had been divorced by her first husband, the Duke of Norfolk. Lady Betty was thirty years younger than her husband, and after Sir John’s death she remained a widow for over fifty years. The letter in No. 280 of the Tatler. Discover, find out. Cf. Shakespeare’s All’s Well that Ends Well, iii. 6: “He was first smoked by the old Lord Lafeu.” A village near Dublin. Excellent. See p. 3. John Molesworth, and, probably, his brother Richard, afterwards third Viscount Molesworth, who had saved the Duke of Marlborough’s life at the battle of Ramillies, and had been appointed, in 1710, colonel of a regiment of foot. Presumably at Charles Ford’s. The Virtues of Sid Hamet the Magician’s Rod, published as a single folio sheet, was a satire on Godolphin. Apparently Marcus Antonius Morgan, steward to the Bishop of Kildare (Craik). Swift wrote to the Duke of Montagu on Aug. 12, 1713 (Buccleuch MSS., 1899, i. 359). “Mr. Morgan of Kingstrope is a friend, and was, I am informed, put out of the Commission of justice for being so.” Dr. Raymond is called Morgan’s “father” because he warmly supported Morgan’s interests. The Rev. Thomas Warburton, Swift’s curate at Laracor, whom Swift described to the Archbishop as “a gentleman of very good learning and sense, who has behaved himself altogether unblamably.” The tobacco was to be used as snuff. About this time ladies much affected the use of snuff, and Steele, in No. 344 of the Spectator, speaks of Flavilla pulling out her box, “which is indeed full of good Brazil,” in the middle of the sermon. People often made their own snuff out of roll tobacco, by means of rasps. On Nov. 3, 1711, Swift speaks of sending “a fine snuff rasp of ivory, given me by Mrs. St. John for Dingley, and a large roll of tobacco.” Katherine Barton, second daughter of Robert Barton, of Brigstock, Northamptonshire, and niece of Sir Isaac Newton. She was a favourite among the toasts of the Kit-Cat Club, and Lord Halifax, who left her a fortune, was an intimate friend. In 1717 she married John Conduitt, afterwards Master of the Mint. See p. 17. William Connolly, appointed a Commissioner of the Revenue in 1709, was afterwards Speaker of the Irish House of Commons. He died in 1729. Francis Robarts, appointed a Commissioner of the Revenue in 1692, was made a Teller of the Exchequer in England in 1704, and quitted that office, in September 1710, on his reappointment, in Connolly’s place, as Revenue Commissioner in Ireland. In 1714 Robarts was removed, and Connolly again appointed Commissioner. Enoch Sterne, Collector of Wicklow and Clerk to the Irish House of Lords. Writing to Dr. Sterne on Sept. 26, Swift said, “I saw Collector Sterne, who desired me to present his service to you, and to tell you he would be glad to hear from you, but not about business.” In his Character of Mrs. Johnson Swift says, “She was never known to cry out, or discover any fear, in a coach.” The passage in the text is obscure. Apparently Esther Johnson had boasted of saving money by walking, instead of riding, like a coward. John Radcliffe (1650–1714), the well-known physician and wit, was often denounced as a clever empiric. Early in 1711 he treated Swift for his dizziness. By his will, Radcliffe left most of his property to the University of Oxford. Charles Barnard, Sergeant-Surgeon to the Queen, and Master of the Barber Surgeons’ Company. His large and valuable library, to which Swift afterwards refers, fetched great prices. Luttrell records Barnard’s death in his diary for Oct. 12, 1710. Robert Harley, afterwards Earl of Oxford, had been appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in August 1710. In May 1711 he was raised to the peerage and made Lord High Treasurer; and he is constantly referred to in the Journal as “Lord Treasurer.” He was impeached in 1715, but was acquitted to 1717; he died in 1724. The Right Hon. Thomas Bligh, M.P., of Rathmore, County Meath, died on Aug. 28, 1710. His son, mentioned later in the Journal, became Earl of Darnley. Penalty. Erasmus Lewis, Under Secretary of State under Lord Dartmouth, was a great friend of Swift, Pope, and Arbuthnot. He had previously been one of Harley’s secretaries, and in his Horace Imitated, Book I. Ep. vii., Swift describes him as “a cunning shaver, and very much in Harley’s favour.” Arbuthnot says that under George I. Lewis kept company with the greatest, and was “principal governor” in many families. Lewis was a witness to Arbuthnot’s will. Pope and Esther Vanhomrigh both left him money to buy rings. Lewis died in 1754, aged eighty-three. Charles Darteneuf, or Dartiquenave, was a celebrated epicure, who is said to have been a son of Charles II. Lord Lyttleton, in his Dialogues of the Dead, recalling Pope’s allusions to him, selects him to represent modern bon vivants in the dialogue between Darteneuf and Apicius. See Tatler 252. Darteneuf was Paymaster of the Royal Works and a member of the Kit-Cat Club. He died in 1737. No. 230. Good, excellent. Captain George Delaval, appointed Envoy Extraordinary to the King of Portugal in Oct. 1710, was with Lord Peterborough in Spain in 1706. In May 1707 he went to Lisbon with despatches for the Courts of Spain and Portugal, from whence he was to proceed as Envoy to the Emperor of Morocco, with rich presents (Luttrell, vi. 52, 174, 192). Charles Montagu, Earl of Halifax, as Ranger of Bushey Park and Hampton Court, held many offices under William III., and was First Lord of the Treasury under George I., until his death in 1715. He was great as financier and as debater, and he was a liberal patron of literature. John Manley, M.P. for Bossiney, was made Surveyor-General on Sept. 30, 1710, and died in 1714. In 1706 he fought a duel with another Cornish member (Luttrell, vi. 11, 535, 635). He seems to be the cousin whom Mrs. De la Riviere Manley accuses of having drawn her into a false marriage. For Isaac Manley and Sir Thomas Frankland, see p. 7. The Earl of Godolphin (see p. 18). Sir John Stanley, Bart., of Northend, Commissioner of Customs, whom Swift knew through his intimate friends the Pendarves. His wife, Anne, daughter of Bernard Granville, and niece of John, Earl of Bath, was aunt to Mary Granville, afterwards Mrs. Delany, who lived with the Stanleys at their house in Whitehall. Henry, Viscount Hyde, eldest son of Laurence Hyde, Earl of Rochester, succeeded his father in the earldom in 1711, and afterwards became Earl of Clarendon. His wife, Jane, younger daughter of Sir William Leveson Gower,—who married a daughter of John Granville, Earl of Bath,—was a beauty, and the mother of two beauties—Jane, afterwards Countess of Essex (see Journal, Jan. 29, 1712), and Catherine, afterwards Countess of Queensberry. Lady Hyde was complimented by Prior, Pope, and her kinsman, Lord Lansdowne, and is said to have been more handsome than either of her daughters. She died in 1725; her husband in 1753. Lord Hyde became joint Vice-Treasurer for Ireland in 1710; hence his interest with respect to Pratt’s appointment. See p. 9. Sir Paul Methuen (1672–1757), son of John Methuen, diplomatist and Lord Chancellor of Ireland. Methuen was Envoy and Ambassador to Portugal from 1697 to 1708, and was M.P. for Devizes from 1708 to 1710, and a Lord of the Admiralty. Under George I. he was Ambassador to Spain, and held other offices. Gay speaks of “Methuen of sincerest mind, as Arthur grave, as soft as womankind,” and Steele dedicated to him the seventh volume of the Spectator. In his Notes on Macky’s Characters, Swift calls him “a profligate rogue . . . without abilities of any kind.” Sir James Montagu was Attorney-General from 1708 to Sept. 1710, when he resigned, and was succeeded by Sir Simon Harcourt. Under George I. Montagu was raised to the Bench, and a few months before his death in 1723 became Chief Baron of the Exchequer. The turnpike system had spread rapidly since the Restoration, and had already effected an important reform in the English roads. Turnpike roads were as yet unknown in Ireland. Ann Johnson, who afterwards married a baker named Filby. An infusion of which the main ingredient was cowslip or palsy-wort. William Legge, first Earl of Dartmouth (1672–1750), was St. John’s fellow Secretary of State. Lord Dartmouth seems to have been a plain, unpretending man, whose ignorance of French helped to throw important matters into St. John’s hands. Richard Dyot was tried at the Old Bailey, on Jan. 13, 1710–11, for counterfeiting stamps, and was acquitted, the crime being found not felony, but only breach of trust. Two days afterwards a bill of indictment was found against him for high misdemeanour. Sir Philip Meadows (1626–1718) was knighted in 1658, and was Ambassador to Sweden under Cromwell. His son Philip (died 1757) was knighted in 1700, and was sent on a special mission to the Emperor in 1707. A great-grandson of the elder Sir Philip was created Earl Manvers in 1806. Her eyes were weak. The son of the Sir Robert Southwell to whom Temple had offered Swift as a “servant” on his going as Secretary of State to Ireland in 1690. Edward Southwell (1671–1730) succeeded his father as Secretary of State for Ireland in 1702, and in 1708 was appointed Clerk to the Privy Council of Great Britain. Southwell held various offices under George I. and George II., and amassed a considerable fortune. Nicholas Rowe (1674–1718), dramatist and poet laureate, and one of the first editors of Shakespeare, was at this time under-secretary to the Duke of Queensberry, Secretary of State for Scotland. No. 238 contains Swift’s “Description of a Shower in London.” This seems to be a vague allusion to the text, “Cast thy bread upon the waters,” etc. Sir Godfrey Kneller (1646–1723), the fashionable portrait-painter of the period. At the General election of 1710 the contest at Westminster excited much interest. The number of constituents was large, and the franchise low, all householders who paid scot and lot being voters. There were, too, many houses of great Whig merchants, and a number of French Protestants. But the High Church candidates, Cross and Medlicott, were returned by large majorities, though the Whigs had chosen popular candidates—General Stanhope, fresh from his successes in Spain, and Sir Henry Dutton Colt, a Herefordshire gentleman. Sir Andrew Fountaine (1676–1753), a distinguished antiquary, of an old Norfolk family, was knighted by William III. in 1699, and inherited his father’s estate at Norfolk in 1706. He succeeded Sir Isaac Newton as Warden of the Mint in 1727, and was Vice-Chamberlain to Queen Caroline. He became acquainted with Swift in Ireland in 1707, when he went over as Usher of the Black Rod in Lord Pembroke’s Court. See p. 6. The Bishop was probably Dr. Moreton, Bishop of Meath (see Journal, July 1, 1712). The game of ombre—of Spanish origin—is described in Pope’s Rape of the Lock. See also the Compleat Gamester, 1721, and Notes and Queries, April 8, 1871. The ace of spades, or Spadille, was always the first trump; the ace of clubs (Basto) always the third. The second trump was the worst card of the trump suit in its natural order, i.e. the seven in red and the deuce in black suits, and was called Manille. If either of the red suits was trumps, the ace of the suit was fourth trump (Punto). Spadille, Manille, and Basto were “matadores,” or murderers, as they never gave suit. See p. 12 In the Spectator, No. 337, there is a complaint from “one of the top China women about town,” of the trouble given by ladies who turn over all the goods in a shop without buying anything. Sometimes they cheapened tea, at others examined screens or tea-dishes. The Right Hon. John Grubham Howe, M.P. for Gloucestershire, an extreme Tory, had recently been appointed Paymaster of the Forces. He is mentioned satirically as a patriot in sec. 9 of The Tale of a Tub. George Henry Hay, Viscount Dupplin, eldest son of the sixth Earl of Kinnoull, was made a Teller of the Exchequer in August, and a peer of Great Britain in December 1711, with the title of Baron Hay. He married, in 1709, Abigail, Harley’s younger daughter, and he succeeded his father in the earldom of Kinnoull in 1719. Edward Harley, afterwards Lord Harley, who succeeded his father as Earl of Oxford in 1724. He married Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles, daughter of the Duke of Newcastle, but died without male issue in 1741. His interest in literature caused him to form the collection known as the Harleian Miscellany. William Penn (1644–1718), the celebrated founder of Pennsylvania. Swift says that he “spoke very agreeably, and with much spirit.” This “Memorial to Mr. Harley about the First-Fruits” is dated Oct. 7, 1710. Henry St. John, created Viscount Bolingbroke in July 1712. In the quarrel between Oxford and Bolingbroke in 1714, Swift’s sympathies were with Oxford. I.e., it is decreed by fate. So Tillotson says, “These things are fatal and necessary.” See p. 8. Obscure. Hooker speaks of a “blind or secret corner.” Ale served in a gill measure.
Scott suggests that the allusion is to The Tale of a Tub. An extravagant compliment. See p. 62. L’Estrange speaks of “trencher-flies and spungers.” See p. 2. Samuel Garth, physician and member of the Kit-Cat Club, was knighted in 1714. He is best known by his satirical poem, The Dispensary, 1699. Gay speaks of “Wondering Main, so fat, with laughing eyes” (Mr. Pope’s Welcome from Greece, st. xvii.). See p. 24, note 3. See the letter of Oct. 10, 1710, to Archbishop King. See p. 6. “Seventy-three lines in folio upon one page, and in a very small hand.” (Deane Swift). I.e., Lord Lieutenant. Tatler, No. 238. See p. 2. Charles Coote, fourth Earl of Mountrath, and M.P. for Knaresborough. He died unmarried in 1715. Henry Coote, Lord Mountrath’s brother. He succeeded to the earldom in 1715, but died unmarried in 1720. The Devil Tavern was the meeting-place of Ben Jonson’s Apollo Club. The house was pulled down in 1787. Addison was re-elected M.P. for Malmesbury in Oct. 1710, and he kept that seat until his death in 1719. Captain Charles Lavallee, who served in the Cadiz Expedition of 1702, and was appointed a captain in Colonel Hans Hamilton’s Regiment of Foot in 1706 (Luttrell, v. 175, vi. 640; Dalton’s English Army Lists, iv. 126). See p. 25. The Tatler, No. 230, Sid Hamet’s Rod, and the ballad (now lost) on the Westminster Election. The Earl of Galway (1648–1720), who lost the battle of Almanza to the Duke of Berwick in 1707. Originally the Marquis de Ruvigny, a French refugee, he had been made Viscount Galway and Earl of Galway successively by William III. William Harrison, the son of a doctor at St. Cross, Winchester, had been recommended to Swift by Addison, who obtained for him the post of governor to the Duke of Queensberry’s son. In Jan. 1711 Harrison began the issue of a continuation of Steele’s Tatler with Swift’s assistance, but without success. In May 1711, St. John gave Harrison the appointment of secretary to Lord Raby, Ambassador Extraordinary at the Hague, and in Jan. 1713 Harrison brought the Barrier Treaty to England. He died in the following month, at the age of twenty-seven, and Lady Strafford says that “his brother poets buried him, as Mr. Addison, Mr. Philips, and Dr. Swift.” Tickell calls him “that much loved youth,” and Swift felt his death keenly. Harrison’s best poem is Woodstock Park, 1706. The last volume of Tonson’s Miscellany, 1708. James Douglas, second Duke of Queensberry and Duke of Dover (1662–1711), was appointed joint Keeper of the Privy Seal in 1708, and third Secretary of State in 1709. Harrison must have been “governor” either to the third son, Charles, Marquis of Beverley (born 1698), who succeeded to the dukedom in 1711, or to the fourth son, George, born in 1701. Anthony Henley, son of Sir Robert Henley, M.P. for Andover, was a favourite with the wits in London. He was a strong Whig, and occasionally contributed to the Tatler and Maynwaring’s Medley. Garth dedicated The Dispensary to him. Swift records Henley’s death from apoplexy in August 1711. Sir William Ashurst, Sir Gilbert Heathcote, and Mr. John Ward were replaced by Sir Richard Hoare, Sir George Newland, and Mr. John Cass at the election for the City in 1710. Scott was wrong in saying that the Whigs lost also the fourth seat, for Sir William Withers had been member for the City since 1707. Sir Richard Onslow, Bart., was chosen Speaker of the House of Commons in 1708. Under George I. he was Chancellor of the Exchequer, and was elevated to the peerage as Baron Onslow in 1716. He died in the following year. “The upper part of the letter was a little besmeared with some such stuff; the mark is still on it” (Deane Swift). John Bolton, D.D., appointed a prebendary of St. Patrick’s in 1691, became Dean of Derry in 1699. He died in 1724. Like Swift, Bolton was chaplain to Lord Berkeley, the Lord Lieutenant, and, according to Swift, he obtained the deanery of Derry through Swift having declined to give a bribe of £1000 to Lord Berkeley’s secretary. But Lord Orrery says that the Bishop of Derry objected to Swift, fearing that he would be constantly flying backwards and forwards between Ireland and England. See p. 6, note 2. “That is, to the next page; for he is now within three lines of the bottom of the first” (Deane Swift). See p. 20. Joshua Dawson, secretary to the Lords Justices. He built a fine house in Dawson Street, Dublin, and provided largely for his relatives by the aid of the official patronage in his hands. He had been dead three weeks (see pp. 14, 25). In The Importance of the Guardian Considered, Swift says that Steele, “to avoid being discarded, thought fit to resign his place of Gazetteer.” As Swift never used the name “Stella” in the Journal, this fragment of his “little language” must have been altered by Deane Swift, the first editor. Forster makes the excellent suggestion that the correct reading is “sluttikins,” a word used in the Journal on Nov. 28, 1710. Swift often calls his correspondents “sluts.” Godolphin, who was satirised in Sid Hamel’s Rod (see p. 4). No. 230. “This appears to be an interjection of surprise at the length of his journal” (Deane Swift). Matthew Prior, poet and diplomatist, had been deprived of his Commissionership of Trade by the Whigs, but was rewarded for his Tory principles in 1711 by a Commissionership of Customs. “The twentieth parts are 12d. in the £1 paid annually out of all ecclesiastical benefices as they were valued at the Reformation. They amount to about £500 per annum; but are of little or no value to the Queen after the offices and other charges are paid, though of much trouble and vexation to the clergy” (Swift’s “Memorial to Mr. Harley”). Charles Mordaunt, the brilliant but erratic Earl of Peterborough, had been engaged for two years, after the unsatisfactory inquiry into his conduct in Spain by the House of Lords in 1708, in preparing an account of the money he had received and expended. The change of Government brought him relief from his troubles; in November he was made Captain-General of Marines, and in December he was nominated Ambassador Extraordinary to Vienna. Tapped, nudged. I.e., told only to you. Sir Hew Dalrymple (1652–1737), Lord President of the Court of Session, and son of the first Viscount Stair. Robert Benson, a moderate Tory, was made a Lord of the Treasury in August 1710, and Chancellor of the Exchequer in the following June, and was raised to the peerage as Baron Bingley in 1713. He died in 1731. The Smyrna Coffee-house was on the north side of Pall Mall, opposite Marlborough House. In the Tatler (Nos. 10, 78) Steele laughed at the “cluster of wise heads” to be found every evening at the Smyrna; and Goldsmith says that Beau Nash would wait a whole day at a window at the Smyrna, in order to receive a bow from the Prince or the Duchess of Marlborough, and would then look round upon the company for admiration and respect. See p. 19. See p. 25. An Irish doctor, with whom Swift invested money. Enoch Sterne, Collector of Wicklow and Clerk to the House of Lords in Ireland. Claret. Colonel Ambrose Edgworth, a famous dandy, who is supposed to have been referred to by Steele in No. 246 of the Tatler. Edgworth was the son of Sir John Edgworth, who was made Colonel of a Regiment of Foot in 1689 (Dalton, iii, 59). Ambrose Edgworth was a Captain in the same regiment, but father and son were shortly afterwards turned out of the regiment for dishonest conduct in connection with the soldiers’ clothing. Ambrose was, however, reappointed a Captain in General Eric’s Regiment of Foot in 1691. He served in Spain as Major in Brigadier Gorge’s regiment; was taken prisoner in 1706; and was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of Colonel Thomas Allen’s Regiment of Foot in 1707. This volume of Miscellanies in Prose and Verse was published by Morphew in 1711. Dr. Thomas Lindsay, afterwards Bishop of Raphoe. The first mention of the Vanhomrighs in the Journal. Swift had made their acquaintance when he was in London in 1708. Lady Elizabeth and Lady Mary (see p. 40 and below). John, third Lord Ashburnham, and afterwards Earl of Ashburnham (1687–1737), married, on Oct. 21, 1710, Lady Mary Butler, younger daughter of the Duke of Ormond. She died on Jan. 2, 1712–3, in her twenty-third year. She was Swift’s “greatest favourite,” and he was much moved at her death. Edward Wortley Montagu, grandson of the first Earl of Sandwich, and M.P. for Huntingdon. He was a great friend of Addison’s, and the second volume of the Tatler was dedicated to him. In 1712 he married the famous Lady Mary Pierrepont, eldest daughter of the Duke of Kingston, and under George I. he became Ambassador Extraordinary to the Porte. He died in 1761, aged eighty. See p. 28. No copy of these verses is known. Henry Alexander, fifth Earl of Stirling, who died without issue in 1739. His sister, Lady Judith Alexander, married Sir William Trumbull, Pope’s friend. “These words, notwithstanding their great obscurity at present, were very clear and intelligible to Mrs. Johnson: they referred to conversations, which passed between her and Dr. Tisdall seven or eight years before; when the Doctor, who was not only a learned and faithful divine, but a zealous Church-Tory, frequently entertained her with Convocation disputes. This gentleman, in the year 1704, paid his addresses to Mrs. Johnson” (Deane Swift). The Rev. William Tisdall was made D.D. in 1707. Swift never forgave Tisdall’s proposal to marry Esther Johnson in 1704, and often gave expression to his contempt for him. In 1706 Tisdall married, and was appointed Vicar of Kerry and Ruavon; in 1712 he became Vicar of Belfast. He published several controversial pieces, directed against Presbyterians and other Dissenters. No. 193 of the Tatler, for July 4, 1710, contained a letter from Downes the Prompter in ridicule of Harley’s newly formed Ministry. This letter, the authorship of which Steele disavowed, was probably by Anthony Henley. William Berkeley, fourth Baron Berkeley of Stratton, was sworn of the Privy Council in September 1710, and was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He married Frances, youngest daughter of Sir John Temple, of East Sheen, Surrey, and died in 1740. Probably the widow of Sir William Temple’s son, John Temple (see p. 5). She was Mary Duplessis, daughter of Duplessis Rambouillet, a Huguenot. The Rev. James Sartre, who married Addison’s sister Dorothy, was Prebendary and Archdeacon of Westminster. He had formerly been French pastor at Montpelier. After his death in 1713 his widow married a Mr. Combe, and lived until 1750. William Congreve’s last play was produced in 1700. In 1710, when he was forty, he published a collected edition of his works. Swift and Congreve had been schoolfellows at Kilkenny, and they had both been pupils of St. George Ashe—afterwards Bishop of Clogher—at Trinity College, Dublin. On Congreve’s death, in 1729, Swift wrote, “I loved him from my youth.” See p. 19. Dean Sterne. See p. 38. When he became Dean he withheld from Swift the living of St. Nicholas Without, promised in gratitude for the aid rendered by Swift in his election. Crowe was a Commissioner for Appeals from the Revenue Commissioners for a short time in 1706, and was Recorder of Blessington, Co. Wicklow. In his Short Character of Thomas, Earl of Wharton, 1710, Swift speaks of Whartons “barbarous injustice to . . . poor Will Crowe.” See p. 9. See p. 13. See p. 3. Richard Tighe, M.P. for Belturbet, was a Whig, much disliked by Swift. He became a Privy Councillor under George I. Dryden Leach, of the Old Bailey, formerly an actor, was son of Francis Leach. Swift recommended Harrison to employ Leach in printing the continuation of the Tatler; but Harrison discarded him. (See Journal, Jan. 16, 1710–11, and Timperley’s Literary Anecdotes, 600, 631). The Postman, which appeared three days in the week, written by M. Fonvive, a French Protestant, whom Dunton calls “the glory and mirror of news writers, a very grave, learned, orthodox man.” Fonvive had a universal system of intelligence, at home and abroad, and “as his news is early and good, so his style is excellent.” Sir William Temple left Esther Johnson the lease of some property in Ireland. See p. 27. An out-of-the-way or obscure house. So Pepys (Diary, Oct. 15, 1661) “To St. Paul’s Churchyard to a blind place where Mr. Goldsborough was to meet me.” Sir Richard Temple, Bart., of Stowe, a Lieutenant-General who saw much service in Flanders, was dismissed in 1713 owing to his Whig views, but on the accession of George I. was raised to the peerage, and was created Viscount Cobham in 1718. He died in 1749. Congreve wrote in praise of him, and he was the “brave Cobham” of Pope’s first Moral Essay. Richard Estcourt, the actor, died in August 1712, when his abilities on the stage and as a talker were celebrated by Steele to No. 468 of the Spectator. See also Tatler, Aug. 6, 1709, and Spectator, May 5, 1712. Estcourt was “providore” of the Beef-Steak Club, and a few months before his death opened the Bumper Tavern in James Street, Covent Garden. See p. 32. Poor, mean. Elsewhere Swift speaks of “the corrector of a hedge press in Little Britain,” and “a little hedge vicar.” Thomas Herbert, eighth Earl of Pembroke, was Lord Lieutenant from April 1707 to December 1708. A nobleman of taste and learning, he was, like Swift, very fond of punning, and they had been great friends in Ireland. See p. 9. See p. 10. A small town and fortress in what is now the Pas de Calais. Richard Stewart, third son of the first Lord Mountjoy (see p. 2), was M.P. at various times for Castlebar, Strabane, and County Tyrone. He died in 1728. See p. 7. Swift, Esther Johnson, and Mrs. Dingley seem to have begun their financial year on the 1st of November. Swift refers to “MD’s allowance” in the Journal for April 23, 1713. Samuel Dopping, an Irish friend of Stella’s, who was probably related to Anthony Dopping, Bishop of Meath (died 1697), and to his son Anthony (died 1743), who became Bishop of Ossory. See p. 6. The wife of Alderman Stoyte, afterwards Lord Mayor of Dublin. Mrs. Stoyte and her sister Catherine; the Walls; Isaac Manley and his wife; Dean Sterne, Esther Johnson and Mrs. Dingley, and Swift, were the principal members of a card club which met at each other’s houses for a number of years. See p. 2. “This cypher stands for Presto, Stella, and Dingley; as much as to say, it looks like us three quite retired from all the rest of the world” (Deane Swift). Steele’s “dear Prue,” Mary Scurlock, whom he married as his second wife in 1707, was a lady of property and a “cried-up beauty.” She was somewhat of a prude, and did not hesitate to complain to her husband, in and out of season, of his extravagance and other weaknesses. The other lady to whom Swift alludes is probably the Duchess of Marlborough. See p. 46. Remembers: an Irish expression. This new Commission, signed by Narcissus Marsh, Archbishop of Armagh, and William King, was dated Oct. 24, 1710. In this document Swift was begged to take the full management of the business of the First-Fruits into his hands, the Bishops of Ossory and Killala—who were to have joined with him in the negotiations—having left London before Swift arrived. But before this commission was despatched the Queen had granted the First-Fruits and Twentieth Parts to the Irish clergy. Lady Mountjoy, wife of the second Viscount Mountjoy (see p. 2), was Anne, youngest daughter of Murrough Boyle, first Viscount Blessington, by his second wife, Anne, daughter of Charles Coote, second Earl of Mountrath. After Lord Mountjoy’s death she married John Farquharson, and she died in 1741. Forster suggests that Swift wrote “Frond” or “Frowde” and there is every reason to believe that this was the case. No Colonel Proud appears in Dalton’s Army Lists. A Colonel William Frowde, apparently third son of Sir Philip Frowde, Knight, by his third wife, Margaret, daughter of Sir John Ashburnham, was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in Colonel Farrington’s (see 59) Regiment of Foot in 1694. He resigned his commission on his appointment to the First Life Guards in 1702, and he was in this latter regiment in 1704. In November and December 1711 Swift wrote of Philip Frowde the elder (Colonel William Frowde’s brother) as “an old fool,” in monetary difficulties. It is probable that Swift’s Colonel Proud (? Frowde) was not Colonel William Frowde, but his nephew, Philip Frowde, junior, who was Addison’s friend at Oxford, and the author of two tragedies and various poems. Nothing seems known of Philip Frowde’s connection with the army, but he is certainly called “Colonel” by Swift, Addison, and Pope (see Forster’s Swift, 159; Addison’s Works, v. 324; Pope’s Works, v. 177, vi. 227). Swift wrote to Ambrose Philips in 1705, “Col. Frond is just as he was, very friendly and grand rÊveur et distrait. He has brought his poems almost to perfection.” It will be observed that when Swift met Colonel “Proud” he was in company with Addison, as was also the case when he was with Colonel “Freind” (p. 11). Charles Davenant, LL.D., educated at Balliol College, Oxford, was the eldest son of Sir William Davenant, author of Gondibert. In Parliament he attacked Ministerial abuses with great bitterness until, in 1703, he was made secretary to the Commissioners appointed to treat for a union with Scotland. To this post was added, in 1705, an Inspector-Generalship of Exports and Imports, which he retained until his death in 1714. Tom Double, a satire on his change of front after obtaining his place, was published in 1704. In a Note on Macky’s character of Davenant, Swift says, “He ruined his estate, which put him under a necessity to comply with the times.” Davenant’s True Picture of a Modern Whig, in Two Parts, appeared in 1701–2; in 1707 he published The True Picture of a Modern Whig revived, set forth in a third dialogue between Whiglove and Double, which seems to be the piece mentioned in the text, though Swift speaks of the pamphlet as “lately put out.” Hugh Chamberlen, the younger (1664–1728), was a Fellow of the College of Physicians and Censor in 1707, 1717, and 1721. Atterbury and the Duchess of Buckingham and Normanby were among his fashionable patients. His father, Hugh Chamberlen, M.D., was the author of the Land Bank Scheme of 1693–94. Sir John Holland (see p. 11). Swift may mean either rambling or gambolling. Thomas Farrington was appointed Colonel of the newly raised 29th Regiment of Foot in 1702. He was a subscriber for a copy of the Tatler on royal paper (Aitken, Life of Steele, i. 329, 330). In The History of Vanbrugh’s House, Swift described everyone as hunting for it up and down the river banks, and unable to find it, until at length they—
“— in the rubbish spy
A thing resembling a goose pie.”
Sir John Vanbrugh was more successful as a dramatist than as an architect, though his work at Blenheim and elsewhere has many merits. For the successes of the last campaign. John Sheffield, third Earl of Mulgrave, was created Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703, and died in 1721. On Queen Anne’s accession he became Lord Privy Seal, and on the return of the Tories to power in 1710 he was Lord Steward, and afterward (June 1710) Lord President of the Council. The Duke was a poet, as well as a soldier and statesman, his best known work being the Essay on Poetry. He was Dryden’s patron, and Pope prepared a collected edition of his works. Laurence Hyde, created Earl of Rochester in 1682, died in 1711. He was the Hushai of Dryden’s Absalom and Achitophel, “the friend of David in distress.” In 1684 he was made Lord President of the Council, and on the accession of James II., Lord Treasurer; he was, however, dismissed in 1687. Under William III. Rochester was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, an office he resigned in 1703; and in September 1710 he again became Lord President. His imperious temper always stood in the way of popularity or real success. Sir Thomas Osborne, Charles II.’s famous Minister, was elevated to the peerage in 1673, and afterwards was made successively Earl of Danby, Marquis of Caermarthen, and Duke of Leeds. On Nov. 29, 1710, a few days after this reference to him, the Duke was granted a pension of £3500 a year out of the Post Office revenues. He died in July 1712, aged eighty-one, and soon afterwards his grandson married Lord Oxford’s daughter. See p. 12. See p. 48. See p. 11. See p. 52. This is, of course, a joke; Swift was never introduced at Court. Captain Delaval (see p. 23). Admiral Sir Charles Wager (1666–1743) served in the West Indies from 1707 to 1709, and gained great wealth from the prizes he took. Under George I. he was Comptroller of the Navy, and in 1733 he became First Lord of the Admiralty, a post which he held until 1742. See p. 52. See p. 24. Isaac Bickerstaff’s “valentine” sent him a nightcap, finely wrought by a maid of honour to Queen Elizabeth (Tatler, No. 141). The “nightcap” was a periwig with a short tie and small round head, and embroidered nightcaps were worn chiefly by members of the graver professions. Tatler, No. 237. Tatler, No. 230. See pp. 32, 68.
“Returning home at night, you’ll find the sink
Strike your offended sense with double stink.”
(Description of a City Shower, ll. 5, 6.) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin. See p. 1. See p. 55. See p. 34. See p. 2. The bellman’s accents. Cf. Pepys’ Diary, Jan. 16, 1659–60: “I staid up till the bellman came by with his bell just under my window as I was writing of this very line, and cried, ‘Past one of the clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning.’” John Freind, M.D. (1675–1728), was a younger brother of the Robert Freind, of Westminster School, mentioned elsewhere in the Journal. Educated under Dr. Busby at Westminster, he was in 1694 elected a student of Christ Church, where he made the acquaintance of Atterbury, and supported Boyle against Bentley in the dispute as to the authorship of the letters of Phalaris. In 1705 he attended the Earl of Peterborough to Spain, and in the following year wrote a defence of that commander (Account of the Earl of Peterborough’s Conduct in Spain). A steady Tory, he took a share in the defence of Dr. Sacheverell; and in 1723, when M.P. for Launceston, he fell under the suspicion of the Government, and was sent to the Tower. On the accession of George II., however, he came into favour with the Court, and died Physician to the Queen. See p. 59. St. John was thirty-two in October 1710. He had been Secretary at War six years before, resigning with Harley in 1707. Swift repeats this comparison elsewhere. Temple was forty-six when he refused a Secretaryship of State in 1674. Sir Henry St. John seems to have continued a gay man to the end of his life. In his youth he was tried and convicted for the murder of Sir William Estcourt in a duel (Scott). In 1716, after his son had been attainted, he was made Viscount St. John. He died in 1742, aged ninety. See p. 4. “Swift delighted to let his pen run into such rhymes as these, which he generally passes off as old proverbs” (Scott). Many of the charming scraps of “Old Ballads” and “Old Plays” at the head of Scott’s own chapters are in reality the result of his own imagination. See p. 10. Sir Richard Levinge, Bart., had been Solicitor-General for Ireland from 1704 to 1709, and was Attorney-General from 1711 to 1714. Afterwards he was Speaker of the Irish House of Commons and Chief-Justice of the Common Pleas in Ireland. See pp. 32, 62. See p. 6. Thomas Belasyse, second Viscount Fauconberg, or Falconbridge (died 1700), a nobleman of hereditary loyalty, married, in 1657, the Protector’s youngest daughter, Mary Cromwell, who is represented as a lady of high talent and spirit. She died on March 14, 1712. Burnet describes her as “a wise and worthy woman,” who would have had a better prospect of maintaining her father’s post than either of her brothers. Richard Freeman, Chief Baron, was Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1707 until his death in November 1710. See p. 49. Sir Richard Cox, Bart. (1650–1733), was Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1703 to 1707. In 1711 he was appointed Chief-Justice of the Queen’s Bench, but he was removed from office on the death of Queen Anne. His zealous Protestantism sometimes caused his views to be warped, but he was honest and well-principled. Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bart. (1676–1746), succeeded Bromley as Speaker in 1714. In February 1713 Swift said, “He is the most considerable man in the House of Commons.” His edition of Shakespeare was published by the University of Oxford in 1743–44. Pope called it “pompous,” and sneered at Hanmer’s “superior air” (Dunciad, iv. 105). See p. 24. Elliot was keeper of the St. James’s Coffee-house (see 2). Forster suggested that the true reading is “writhing.” If so, it is not necessary to suppose that Lady Giffard was the cause of it. Perhaps it is the word “tiger” that is corrupt. The Hon. Charles Boyle (1676–1731), of the Boyle and Bentley controversy, succeeded to the peerage as Lord Orrery in 1703. When he settled in London he became the centre of a Christ Church set, a strong adherent of Harley’s party, and a member of Swift’s “club.” His son John, fifth Earl of Orrery, published Remarks on the Life and Writings of Jonathan Swift in 1751. William Domville, a landed proprietor in County Dublin, whom Swift called “perfectly as fine a gentleman as I know.” On May 16, 1711, Swift wrote, “There will be an old to do.” The word is found in Elizabethan writers in the sense of “more than enough.” Cf. Macbeth, ii. 3: “If a man were porter of hell gate, he should have old turning the key.” See p. 9. Clements was related to Pratt, the Deputy Vice-Treasurer, and was probably the Robert Clements who became Deputy Vice-Treasurer, and whose grandson Robert was created Earl of Leitrim in 1795. See p. 24. Swift’s sister Jane, who had married a currier in Bride Street, named Joseph Fenton, a match to which Swift strongly objected. Deane Swift says that Swift never saw his sister again after the marriage; he had offered her £500 if she would show a “proper disdain” of Fenton. On her husband’s dying bankrupt, however, Swift paid her an annuity until 1738, when she died in the same lodging with Esther Johnson’s mother, Mrs. Bridget Mose, at Farnham (Forster’s Swift, pp. 118–19). Welbore Ellis, appointed Bishop of Kildare in 1705. He was translated to Meath in 1731, and died three years later. The expression of the Archbishop is, “I am not to conceal from you that some expressed a little jealously, that you would not be acceptable to the present courtiers; intimating that you were under the reputation of being a favourite of the late party in power” (King to Swift, Nov. 2, 1710). This indignant letter is dated Nov. 23, 1710. It produced an apologetic reply from the Archbishop (Nov. 30, 1710), who represented that the letter to Southwell was a snare laid in his way, since if he declined signing it, it might have been interpreted into disrespect to the Duke of Ormond. Of the bishops King said, “You cannot do yourself a greater service than to bring this to a good issue, to their shame and conviction.” William Bromley (died 1732) was M.P. for the University of Oxford. A good debater and a strong High Churchman, he was Secretary of State from August 1713 until the Queen’s death in the following year. Colonel, afterwards Major-General, John Hill (died 1735) was younger brother of Mrs. Masham, the Queen’s favourite, and a poor relation of the Duchess of Marlborough. He was wounded at Mons in 1709, and in 1711 was sent on an unsuccessful expedition to attack the French settlements in North America. In 1713 he was appointed to command the troops at Dunkirk. “The footmen in attendance at the Houses of Parliament used at this time to form themselves into a deliberative body, and usually debated the same points with their masters. It was jocularly said that several questions were lost by the Court party in the menial House of Lords which were carried triumphantly in the real assembly; which was at length explained by a discovery that the Scottish peers whose votes were sometimes decisive of a question had but few representatives in the convocation of lacqueys. The sable attendant mentioned by Swift, being an appendage of the brother of Mrs. Masham, the reigning favourite, had a title to the chair, the Court and Tory interest being exerted in his favour” (Scott). Steele alludes to the “Footmen’s Parliament” in No. 88 of the Spectator. See p. 1. A Court of Equity abolished in the reign of Charles I. It met in the Camera Alba, or Whitehall, and the room appears to have retained the name of the old Court. See p. 24. Swift’s first contribution to the Examiner (No. 13) is dated Nov. 2, 1710. Seduced, induced. Dryden (Spanish Friar) has “To debauch a king to break his laws.” Freeman (see p. 69). “To make this intelligible, it is necessary to observe, that the words ‘this fortnight’, in the preceding sentence, were first written in what he calls their little language, and afterwards scratched out and written plain. It must be confessed this little language, which passed current between Swift and Stella, has occasioned infinite trouble in the revisal of these papers” (Deane Swift). Trim. An attack upon the liberties of this corporation is among the political offences of Wharton’s Lieutenancy of Ireland set forth in Swift’s Short Character of the Earl of Wharton. Apologies. “A Description of the Morning,” in No. 9 of the Tatler. See p. 38. William Palliser (died 1726). See p. 20. “Here he writ with his eyes shut; and the writing is somewhat crooked, although as well in other respects as if his eyes had been open” (Deane Swift). Tatler, No. 249; cf. p. 93. During this visit to London Swift contributed to only three Tatlers, viz. Nos. 230, 238, and 258. St. Andrew’s Day. No. 241. Tatler, No. 258. Lieutenant-General Philip Bragg, Colonel of the 28th Regiment of Foot, and M.P. for Armagh, died in 1759. James Cecil, fifth Earl of Salisbury, who died in 1728. See p. 5. See p. 60. Kneller seems never to have painted Swift’s portrait. On Nov. 25 and 28. Arthur Annesley, M.P. for Cambridge University, had recently become fifth Earl of Anglesea, on the death of his brother (see p. 13). Under George I. he was Joint Treasurer of Ireland, and Treasurer at War. A Short Character of the Earl of Wharton, by Swift himself, though the authorship was not suspected at the time. “Archbishop King,” says Scott, “would have hardly otherwise ventured to mention it to Swift in his letter of Jan. 9, 1710, as ‘a wound given in the dark.’” Elsewhere, however, in a note, Swift hints that Archbishop King was really aware of the authorship of the pamphlet. A false report: see p. 88 below. None of these Commissioners of Revenue lost their places at this time. Samuel Ogle was Commissioner from 1699 to 1714; John South from 1696 until his death in 1711; and Sir William St. Quintin, Bart., from 1706 to 1713. Stephen Ludlow succeeded South in September 1711. See p. 53. James Hamilton, sixth Earl of Abercorn (1656–1734), a Scotch peer who had strongly supported the Union of 1706. L’Estrange speaks of “insipid twittle twattles.” Johnson calls this “a vile word.”
A cousin of Swift’s; probably a son of William Swift. Nicholas Sankey (died 1722) succeeded Lord Lovelace as Colonel of a Regiment of Foot in Ireland in 1689. He became Brigadier-General in 1704, Major-General 1707, and Lieutenant-General 1710. He served in Spain, and was taken prisoner at the battle of the Caya in 1709. See p. 88. The Earl of Abercorn (see p. 86) married, in 1686, Elizabeth, only child of Sir Robert Reading, Bart., of Dublin, by Jane, Dowager Countess of Mountrath. Lady Abercorn survived her husband twenty years, dying in 1754, aged eighty-six. Charles Lennox, first Duke of Richmond and Gordon (1672–1723), was the illegitimate son of Charles II. by Madame de Querouaille. Sir Robert Raymond, afterwards Lord Raymond (1673–1733), M.P. for Bishop’s Castle, Shropshire, was appointed Solicitor-General in May 1710, and was knighted in October. He was removed from office on the accession of George I., but was made Attorney-General in 1720, and in 1724 became a judge of the King’s Bench. In the following year he was made Lord Chief-Justice, and was distinguished both for his learning and his impartiality. Lynn-Regis. Richard Savage, fourth Earl Rivers, the father of Richard Savage, the poet. Under the Whigs Lord Rivers was Envoy to Hanover; and after his conversion by Harley, he was Constable of the Tower under the Tories. He died in 1712. Chancellor of the Exchequer in Ireland from 1695 until his death in 1717. Lord Shelburne’s clever sister, Anne, only daughter of Sir William Petty, and wife of Thomas Fitzmaurice, Lord of Kerry, afterwards created first Earl of Kerry. Mrs. Pratt, an Irish friend of Lady Kerry, lodged at Lord Shelburne’s during her visit to London. The reference to Clements (see p. 73), Pratt’s relative, in the Journal for April 14, 1711, makes it clear that Mrs. Pratt was the wife of the Deputy Vice-Treasurer of Ireland, to whom Swift often alludes (see p. 9). Lieutenant-General Thomas Meredith, Major-General Maccartney, and Brigadier Philip Honeywood. They alleged that their offence only amounted to drinking a health to the Duke of Marlborough, and confusion to his enemies. But the Government said that an example must be made, because various officers had dropped dangerous expressions about standing by their General, Marlborough, who was believed to be aiming at being made Captain General for life. For Maccartney see the Journal for Nov. 15, 1712, seq. Meredith, who was appointed Adjutant-General of the Forces in 1701, was made a Lieutenant-General in 1708. He saw much service under William III., and Marlborough, and was elected M.P. for Midhurst in 1709. He died in 1719 (Dalton’s Army Lists, iii. 181). Honeywood entered the army in 1694; was at Namur; and was made a Brigadier-General before 1711. After the accession of George I. he became Colonel of a Regiment of Dragoons, and commanded a division at Dettingen. At his death in 1752 he was acting as Governor of Portsmouth, with the rank of General (Dalton, iv. 30). Or “malkin”; a counterfeit, or scarecrow. William Cadogan, Lieutenant-General and afterwards Earl Cadogan (1675–1726), a great friend of Marlborough, was Envoy to the United Provinces and Spanish Flanders. Cadogan retained the post of Lieutenant to the Tower until 1715. Earl Cadogan’s father, Henry Cadogan, barrister, married Bridget, daughter of Sir Hardresse Waller, and sister of Elizabeth, Baroness Shelburne in her own right. See p. 28. Cadogan married Margaretta, daughter of William Munter, Counsellor of the Court of Holland. Presumably the eldest son, William, who succeeded his father as second Earl of Kerry in 1741, and died in 1747. He was at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, and was afterwards a Colonel in the Coldstream Guards. Henry Petty, third Lord Shelburne, who became Earl of Shelburne in 1719. His son predeceased him, without issue, and on Lord Shelburne’s death, in 1751, his honours became extinct. His daughter Anne also died without issue. The menagerie, which had been one of the sights of London, was removed from the Tower in 1834. In his account of the Tory Fox Hunter in No. 47 of the Freeholder, Addison says, “Our first visit was to the lions.” Bethlehem Hospital, for lunatics, in Moorfields, was a popular “sight” in the eighteenth century. Cf. the Tatler, No. 30: “On Tuesday last I took three lads, who are under my guardianship, a rambling, in a hackney coach, to show them the town: as the lions, the tombs, Bedlam.” The Royal Society met at Gresham College from 1660 to 1710. The professors of the College lectured on divinity, civil law, astronomy, music, geometry, rhetoric, and physic. The most important of the puppet-shows was Powell’s, in the Little Piazza, Covent Garden, which is frequently mentioned in the Tatler. The precise nature this negligent costume is not known, but it is always decried by popular writers of the time. Retched. Bacon has “Patients must not keck at them at the first.” Swift was born on November 30. Mrs. De la Riviere Manley, daughter of Sir Roger Manley, and cousin of John Manley, M.P., and Isaac Manley (see pp. 7, 24), wrote poems and plays, but is best known for her Secret Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality, of both sexes. From the New Atalantis, 1709, a book abounding in scandalous references to her contemporaries. She was arrested in October, but was discharged in Feb. 1710. In May 1710 she brought out a continuation of the New Atalantis, called Memoirs of Europe towards the Close of the Eighth Century. In June 1711 she became editress of the Tory Examiner, and wrote political pamphlets with Swift’s assistance. Afterwards she lived with Alderman Barber, the printer, at whose office she died in 1724. In her will she mentioned her “much honoured friend, the Dean of St. Patrick, Dr. Swift.” “He seems to have written these words in a whim; for the sake of what follows” (Deane Swift). See p. 62. No. 249 (see p. 81). See p. 30. In a letter to the Rev. Dr. Tisdall, of Dec. 16, 1703, Swift said: “I’ll teach you a way to outwit Mrs. Johnson: it is a new-fashioned way of being witty, and they call it a bite. You must ask a bantering question, or tell some damned lie in a serious manner, and then she will answer or speak as if you were in earnest; and then cry you, ‘Madam, there’s a bite!’ I would not have you undervalue this, for it is the constant amusement in Court, and everywhere else among the great people.” See, too, the Tatler, No. 12, and Spectator, Nos. 47, 504: “In a word, a Biter is one who thinks you a fool, because you do not think him a knave.” See p. 66. “As I hope to be saved;” a favourite phrase in the Journal. See p. 48. This statement receives some confirmation from a pamphlet published in September 1710, called A Condoling Letter to the Tatler: On Account of the Misfortunes of Isaac Bickerstaf Esq., a Prisoner in the — on Suspicion of Debt. Dr. Lambert, chaplain to Lord Wharton, was censured in Convocation for being the author of a libellous letter. Probably the same person as Dr. Griffith, spoken of in the Journal for March 3, 1713,—when he was ill,—as having been “very tender of” Stella. See p. 74, note 1. Vexed, offended. Elsewhere Swift wrote, “I am apt to grate the ears of more than I could wish.” Ambrose Philips, whose Pastorals had been published in the same volume of Tonson’s Miscellany as Pope’s. Two years later Swift wrote, “I should certainly have provided for him had he not run party mad.” In 1712 his play, The Distrest Mother, received flattering notice in the Spectator, and in 1713, to Pope’s annoyance, Philips’ Pastorals were praised in the Guardian. His pretty poems to children led Henry Carey to nickname him “Namby Pamby.” An equestrian statue of William III., in College Green, Dublin. It was common, in the days of party, for students of the University of Dublin to play tricks with this statue. Lieutenant-General Richard Ingoldsby (died 1712) was Commander of the Forces in Ireland, and one of the Lords Justices in the absence of the Lord Lieutenant. This seems to have been a mistake; cf. Journal for July 13, 1711, Alan Brodrick, afterwards Viscount Midleton, a Whig politician and lawyer, was made Chief Justice of the Queen’s Bench in Ireland in 1709, but was removed from office in June 1711, when Sir Richard Cox succeeded him. On the accession of George I. he was appointed Lord Chancellor for Ireland. Afterwards he declined to accept the dedication to him of Swift’s Drapiers Letters, and supported the prosecution of the author. He died in 1728. Robert Doyne was appointed Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland in 1695, and Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in 1703. This appointment was revoked on the accession of George I. See p. 69. Of the University of Dublin. See pp. 6, 7. Sir Thomas Frankland’s eldest son, Thomas, who afterwards succeeded to the baronetcy, acquired a fortune with his first wife, Dinah, daughter of Francis Topham, of Agelthorpe, Yorkshire. He died in 1747. See p. 60. See p. 20. Mary, daughter of Sir John Williams, Bart., and widow of Charles Petty, second Lord Shelburne, who died in 1696. She had married, as her second husband, Major-General Conyngham, and, as her third husband, Colonel Dallway. Dr. John Vesey became Bishop of Limerick in 1672, and Archbishop of Tuam in 1678. He died in 1716. See p. 14. Sex. Toby Caulfeild, third son of the fifth Lord Charlemont. In 1689 he was Colonel to the Earl of Drogheda’s Regiment of Foot, and about 1705 he succeeded to the command of Lord Skerrin’s Regiment of Foot. After serving in Spain his regiment was reduced, having lost most of its men (Luttrell, vi. 158). John Campbell, second Duke of Argyle (1680–1743), was installed a Knight of the Garter in December 1710, after he had successfully opposed a vote of thanks to Marlborough, with whom he had quarrelled. It was of this nobleman that Pope wrote—
“Argyle, the State’s whole thunder born to wield,
And shake alike the senate and the field.”
In a note to Macky’s Memoirs, Swift describes the Duke as an “ambitious, covetous, cunning Scot, who had no principle but his own interests and greatness.” Harley’s second wife, Sarah, daughter of Simon Middleton, of Edmonton, and sister of Sir Hugh Middleton, Bart. She died, without issue, in 1737. Elizabeth Harley, then unmarried, the daughter of Harley’s first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Foley, of Whitley Court, Worcestershire. She subsequently married the Marquis of Caermarthen, afterwards Duke of Leeds. Harcourt (see p. 11). William Stawel, the third baron, who succeeded to the title in 1692, was half-brother to the second Baron Stawel. The brother here referred to was Edward, who succeeded to the title as fourth baron in 1742. Charles Finch, third Earl of Winchelsea, son of Lord Maidstone, and grandson of Heneage, second Earl of Winchelsea. On his death in 1712 Swift spoke of him as “a worthy honest gentleman, and particular friend of mine.” Vedeau was a shopkeeper, who abandoned his trade for the army (Journal, March 28, April 4, 1711). Swift calls him “a lieutenant, who is now broke, and upon half pay” (Journal, Nov. 18, 1712). Sir Edmund Bacon, Bart. (died 1721), of Herringflat, Suffolk, succeeded his father in the baronetcy in 1686. The reverse at Brihuega. See p. 57. John Barber, a printer, became Lord Mayor of London in 1732, and died in 1741. Mrs. Manley was his mistress, and died at his printing office. Swift speaks of Barber as his “very good and old friend.” Bernage was an officer serving under Colonel Fielding. In August 1710 a difficulty arose through Arbuthnot trying to get his brother George made Captain over Bernage’s head; but ultimately Arbuthnot waived the business, because he would not wrong a friend of Swift’s. See p. 99. George Smalridge (1663–1719), the High Church divine and popular preacher, was made Dean of Carlisle in 1711, and Bishop of Bristol in 1714. Steele spoke of him in the Tatler (Nos. 73, 114) as “abounding in that sort of virtue and knowledge which makes religion beautiful.” St. Albans Street, Pall Mall, was removed in 1815 to make way for Waterloo Place. It was named after Henry Jermyn, Earl of St. Albans. See p. 100 Algernon Seymour, Earl of Hertford (1684–1750), only son of Charles Seymour, Duke of Somerset. Lord Hertford succeeded to the dukedom in 1748. From 1708 to 1722 he was M.P. for Northumberland, and from 1708 to 1713 he took an active part in the war in Flanders. See p. 17. A Short Character of the Earl of Wharton (see p. 85). See 69. Henry Herbert, the last Baron Herbert of Cherbury, succeeded to the peerage in 1709, and soon afterwards married a sister of the Earl of Portsmouth. A ruined man, he committed suicide in 1738. Nos. 257, 260. See p. 26. “After is interlined” (Deane Swift). With this account may be compared what Pope says, as recorded in Spence’s Anecdotes, p. 223: “Lord Peterborough could dictate letters to nine amanuenses together, as I was assured by a gentleman who saw him do it when Ambassador at Turin. He walked round the room, and told each of them in his turn what he was to write. One perhaps was a letter to the emperor, another to an old friend, a third to a mistress, a fourth to a statesman, and so on: yet he carried so many and so different connections in his head, all at the same time.” Francis Atterbury, Dean of Carlisle, had taken an active part in the defence of Dr. Sacheverell. After a long period of suspense he received the appointment of Dean of Christ Church, and in 1713 he was made Bishop of Rochester and Dean of Westminster. Atterbury was on intimate terms with Swift, Pope, and other writers on the Tory side, and Addison—at whose funeral the Bishop officiated—described him as “one of the greatest geniuses of his age.” John Carteret, second Baron Carteret, afterwards to be well known as a statesman, succeeded to the peerage in 1695, and became Earl Granville and Viscount Carteret on the death of his brother in 1744. He died in 1763. In October 1710, when twenty years of age, he had married Frances, only daughter of Sir Robert Worsley, Bart., of Appuldurcombe, Isle of Wight. Dillon Ashe, D.D., Vicar of Finglas, and brother of the Bishop of Clogher. In 1704 he was made Archdeacon of Clogher, and in 1706 Chancellor of Armagh. He seems to have been too fond of drink. Henley (see p. 37) married Mary, daughter of Peregrine Bertie, the second son of Montagu, Earl of Lindsey, and with her obtained a fortune of £30,000. After Henley’s death his widow married her relative, Henry Bertie, third son of James, Earl of Abingdon. Hebrews v. 6. Probably Mrs. Manley and John Barber (see pp. 92, 106). Sir Andrew Fountaine’s (see p. 28) father, Andrew Fountaine, M.P., married Sarah, daughter of Sir Thomas Chicheley, Master of the Ordnance. Sir Andrew’s sister, Elizabeth, married Colonel Edward Clent. The “scoundrel brother,” Brig, died in 1746, aged sixty-four (Blomefield’s Norfolk, vi. 233–36). Dame Overdo, the justice’s wife in Ben Jonson’s Bartholomew Fair. See p. 7. Atterbury, who had recently been elected Prolocutor to the Lower House of Convocation. Dr. Sterne, Dean of St. Patrick’s, was not married. January 6 was Twelfth-night. Garraway’s Coffee-house, in Change Alley, was founded by Thomas Garway, the first coffee-man who sold and retailed tea. A room upstairs was used for sales of wine “by the candle.” Sir Constantine Phipps, who had taken an active part in Sacheverell’s defence. Phipps’ interference in elections in the Tory interest made him very unpopular in Dublin, and he was recalled on the death of Queen Anne. Joseph Trapp, one of the seven poets alluded to in the distich:—
“Alma novem genuit celebres Rhedycina poetas,
Bubb, Stubb, Grubb, Crabb, Trapp, Young, Carey, Tickell, Evans.”
Trapp wrote a tragedy in 1704, and in 1708 was chosen the first Professor of Poetry at Oxford. In 1710 he published pamphlets on behalf of Sacheverell, and in 1712 Swift secured for him the post of chaplain to Bolingbroke. During his latter years he held several good livings. Elsewhere Swift calls him a “coxcomb.” See p. 50. The extreme Tories, who afterwards formed the October Club. Crowd. A Jacobean writer speaks of “the lurry of lawyers,” and “a lurry and rabble of poor friars.” See p. 24, note 3. St. John’s first wife was Frances, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Henry Winchcombe, Bart., of Berkshire, and in her right St. John enjoyed the estates of Bucklebury, which on her death in 1718 passed to her sister. In April 1711 Swift said that “poor Mrs. St. John” was growing a great favourite of his; she was going to Bath owing to ill-health, and begged him to take care of her husband. She “said she had none to trust but me, and the poor creature’s tears came fresh in her eyes.” Though the marriage was, naturally enough, unhappy, she did not leave St. John’s house until 1713, and she returned to him when he fell from power. There are letters from her to Swift as late as 1716, not only doing her best to defend his honour, but speaking of him with tenderness. “Battoon” means (1) a truncheon; (2) a staff of office. Luttrell, in 1704, speaks of “a battoon set with diamonds sent him from the French king.” Edward Harley, second son of Sir Edward Harley, was M.P. for Leominster and Recorder of the same town. In 1702 he was appointed Auditor of the Imposts, a post which he held until his death in 1735. His wife, Sarah, daughter of Thomas Foley, was a sister of Robert Harley’s wife, and his eldest son eventually became third Earl of Oxford. Harley published several books on biblical subjects. See p. 36. The last number of Steele’s Tatler appeared on Jan. 2, 1711; Harrison’s paper reached to fifty-two numbers. Dryden Leach (see p. 51). Cf. Letter 7, October 28th. Published by John Baker and John Morphew. See Aitken’s Life of Steele, i. 299–301. In No. 224 of the Tatler, Addison, speaking of polemical advertisements, says: “The inventors of Strops for Razors have written against one another this way for several years, and that with great bitterness.” See also Spectator, Nos. 428, 509, and the Postman for March 23, 1703: “The so much famed strops for setting razors, etc., are only to be had at Jacob’s Coffee-house. . . . Beware of counterfeits, for such are abroad.” Sir John Holland (see p. 11). Addison speaks of a fine flaxen long wig costing thirty guineas (Guardian, No. 97), and Duumvir’s fair wig, which Phillis threw into the fire, cost forty guineas (Tatler, No. 54) Swift’s mother, Abigail Erick, was of a Leicestershire family, and after her husband’s death she spent much of her time with her friends near her old home. Mr. Worrall, vicar of St. Patrick’s, with whom Swift was on terms of intimacy in 1728–29, was evidently a relative of the Worralls where Mrs. Swift had lodged, and we may reasonably suppose that he owed the living to Swift’s interest in the family. The title of a humorous poem by Lydgate. A “lickpenny” is a greedy or grasping person. Small wooden blocks used for lighting fires. See Swift (“Description of the Morning”),
“The small-coal man was heard with cadence deep,
Till drowned in shriller notes of chimney-sweep;”
and Gay (Trivia, ii. 35),
“When small-coal murmurs in the hoarser throat,
From smutty dangers guard thy threatened coat.”
The Tory Ministers. See p. 51. Thomas Southerne’s play of Oroonoko, based on Mrs. Aphra Behn’s novel of the same name, was first acted in 1696. “Mrs.” Cross created the part of Mrs. Clerimont in Steele’s Tender Husband in 1705. See p. 106. George Granville, afterwards Lord Lansdowne, was M.P. for Cornwall, and Secretary at War. In December 1711 he was raised to the peerage, and in 1712 was appointed Comptroller of the Household. He died in 1735, when the title became extinct. Granville wrote plays and poems, and was a patron of both Dryden and Pope. Pope called him “Granville the polite.” His Works in Verse and Prose appeared in 1732. Samuel Masham, son of Sir Francis Masham, Bart., had been a page to the Queen while Princess of Denmark, and an equerry and gentleman of the bed-chamber to Prince George. He married Abigail Hill (see p. 149), daughter of Francis Hill, a Turkey merchant, and sister of General John Hill, and through that lady’s influence with the Queen he was raised to the peerage as Baron Masham, in January 1712. Under George I. he was Remembrancer of the Exchequer. He died in 1758. A roughly printed pamphlet, The Honourable Descent, Life, and True Character of the . . . Earl of Wharton, appeared early in 1711, in reply to Swift’s Short Character; but that can hardly be the pamphlet referred to here, because it is directed against libellers and backbiters, and cannot be described as “pretty civil.” “In that word (the seven last words of the sentence huddled into one) there were some puzzling characters” (Deane Swift). Sir Robert Worsley, Bart., married, in 1690, Frances, only daughter of the first Viscount Weymouth. Their daughter Frances married Lord Carteret (see p. 116) in 1710. In a letter to Colonel Hunter in March 1709 Swift spoke of Lady (then Mrs.) Worsley as one of the principal beauties in town. See, too, Swift’s letter to her of April 19, 1730: “My Lady Carteret has been the best queen we have known in Ireland these many years; yet is she mortally hated by all the young girls, because (and it is your fault) she is handsomer than all of them together.” See p. 7. See p. 25. William Stratford, son of Nicholas Stratford, Bishop of Chester, was Archdeacon of Richmond and Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, until his death in 1729. See p. 10. James, third Earl of Berkeley (1680–1736), whom Swift calls a “young rake” (see p. 151). The young Countess of Berkeley was only sixteen on her marriage. In 1714 she was appointed a lady of the bed-chamber to Caroline, Princess of Wales, and she died of smallpox in 1717, aged twenty-two. The Earl was an Admiral, and saw much service between 1701 and 1710; under George I. he was First Lord of the Admiralty. Edward Wettenhall was Bishop of Kilmore from 1699 to 1713. In the Dedication to The Tale of a Tub Swift had addressed Somers in very different terms: “There is no virtue, either in public or private life, which some circumstances of your own have not often produced upon the stage of the world.” Their lodgings, opposite to St. Mary’s Church in Stafford Street, Dublin. The Stamp Act was not passed until June 1712: see the Journal for Aug. 7, 1712. Both in St. James’s Park. The Canal was formed by Charles II. from several small ponds, and Rosamond’s Pond was a sheet of water in the south-west corner of the Park, “long consecrated,” as Warburton said, “to disastrous love and elegiac poetry.” It is often mentioned as a place of assignation in Restoration plays. Evelyn (Diary, Dec. 1, 1662) describes the “scheets” used on the Canal. Mrs. Beaumont. The first direct mention of Hester Vanhomrigh. She is referred to only in two other places in the Journal (Feb. 14, 1710–11, and Aug. 14, 1711). See p. 10. No. 27, by Swift himself. No. 7 of Harrison’s series. The printers of the original Tatler. Harley had forwarded to Swift a banknote for £50 (see Journal, March 7, 1710–11). At Moor Park. Scott says that Swift here alludes to some unidentified pamphlet of which he was the real or supposed author. See p. 89. The Examiner. See p. 43. Mistaken. Mrs. De Caudres, “over against St. Mary’s Church, near Capel Street,” where Stella now lodged. “A crease in the sheet” (Deane Swift). “In the original it was, good mallows, little sollahs. But in these words, and many others, he writes constantly ll for rr” (Deane Swift). See p. 21. “Those letters which are in italics in the original are of a monstrous size, which occasioned his calling himself a loggerhead” (Deane Swift). I.e., to ask whether. Harcourt. “A shilling passes for thirteenpence in Ireland” (Deane Swift). Robert Cope, a gentleman of learning with whom Swift corresponded. Archdeacon Morris is not mentioned in Cotton’s Fasti EcclesiÆ HiberniÆ. See p. 131. See p. 76. Abigail Hill, afterwards Lady Masham, had been introduced into the Queens service as bed-chamber woman by the Duchess of Marlborough. Her High Church and Tory views recommended her to Queen Anne, and in 1707 she was privately married to Mr. Samuel Masham, a gentleman in the service of Prince George (see p. 131). The Duchess of Marlborough discovered that Mrs. Masham’s cousin, Harley, was using her influence to further his own interests with the Queen; and in spite of her violence the Duchess found herself gradually supplanted. From 1710 Mrs. Masham’s only rival in the royal favour was the Duchess of Somerset. Afterwards she quarrelled with Harley and joined the Bolingbroke faction. See 20. No. 14 of Harrison’s series. See p. 139. Richard Duke, a minor poet and friend of Dryden’s, entered the Church about 1685. In July 1710 he was presented by the Bishop of Winchester to the living of Witney, Oxfordshire, which was worth £700 a year. Sir Jonathan Trelawney, one of the seven bishops committed to the Tower in 1688, was translated to Winchester in 1707, when he appointed Duke to be his chaplain. See p. 17. See p. 14. See p. 134. See p. 52. Cf. p. 155. Esther Johnson lodged opposite St. Mary’s in Dublin. This famous Tory club began with the meeting together of a few extreme Tories at the Bell in Westminster. The password to the Club—“October”—was one easy of remembrance to a country gentleman who loved his ale. “Duke” Disney, “not an old man, but an old rake,” died in 1731. Gay calls him “facetious Disney,” and Swift says that all the members of the Club “love him mightily.” Lady M. W. Montagu speaks of his
“Broad plump face, pert eyes, and ruddy skin,
Which showed the stupid joke which lurked within.”
Disney was a French Huguenot refugee, and his real name was Desaulnais. He commanded an Irish regiment, and took part in General Hill’s expedition to Canada in 1711 (Kingsford’s Canada, ii. 465). By his will (Wentworth Papers, 109) he “left nothing to his poor relations, but very handsome to his bottle companions.” There were several Colonel Fieldings in the first half of the eighteenth century, and it is not clear which is the one referred to by Swift. Possibly he was the Edmund Fielding—grandson of the first Earl of Denbigh—who died a Lieutenant-General in 1741, at the age of sixty-three, but is best known as the father of Henry Fielding, the novelist. Cf. p. 152. See p. 14. “It is a measured mile round the outer wall; and far beyond any the finest square in London” (Deane Swift). “The common fare for a set-down in Dublin” (ib.). “Mrs. Stoyte lived at Donnybrook, the road to which from Stephen’s Green ran into the country about a mile from the south-east corner” (ib.). “Those words in italics are written in a very large hand, and so is the word large” (ib.). Deane Swift alters “lele” to “there,” but in a note states how he here altered Swift’s “cypher way of writing.” No doubt “lele” and other favourite words occurred frequently in the MS., as they do in the later letters. Sir Thomas Mansel, Bart., Comptroller of the Household to Queen Anne, and a Lord of the Treasury, was raised to the peerage in December 1711 as Baron Mansel of Margam. He died in 1723. Lady Betty Butler and Lady Betty Germaine (see pp. 14, 17). James Eckershall, “second clerk of the Queen’s Privy Kitchen.” Chamberlayne (MagnÆ BritanniÆ Notitia, 1710, p. 536) says that his wages were £11, 8s. 1½d., and board-wages £138, 11s. 10½d., making £150 in all. Afterwards Eckershall was gentleman usher to Queen Anne; he died at Drayton in 1753, aged seventy-four. Pope was in correspondence with him in 1720 on the subject of contemplated speculations in South Sea and other stocks. In October 1710 (see p. 43) Swift wrote as if he knew about the preparation of these Miscellanies. The volume was published by Morphew instead of Tooke, and it is frequently referred to in the Journal. In 1685 the Duke of Ormond (see p. 5) married, as his second wife, Lady Mary Somerset, eldest surviving daughter of Henry, first Duke of Beaufort. Arthur Moore, M.P., was a Commissioner of Trade and Plantations from 1710 until his death in 1730. Gay calls him “grave,” and Pope (“Prologue to the Satires,” 23) says that Moore blamed him for the way in which his “giddy son,” James Moore Smythe, neglected the law. James, Lord Paisley, who succeeded his father (see p. 86) as seventh Earl of Abercorn in 1734, married, in 1711, Anne, eldest daughter of Colonel John Plumer, of Blakesware, Herts. Harley’s ill-health was partly due to his drinking habits. Crowd or confusion. The first wife of Charles Seymour, sixth Duke of Somerset, was Lady Elizabeth Percy, only daughter of Joscelyn, eleventh Earl of Northumberland, and heiress of the house of Percy. She married the Duke, her third husband, at the age of eighteen. John Richardson, D.D., rector of Armagh, Cavan, and afterwards chaplain to the Duke of Ormond. In 1711 he published a Proposal for the Conversion of the Popish Natives of Ireland to the Established Religion, and in 1712 a Short History of the Attempts to Convert the Popish Natives of Ireland. In 1709 the Lower House of Convocation in Ireland had passed resolutions for printing the Bible and liturgy in Irish, providing Irish preachers, etc. In 1711 Thomas Parnell, the poet, headed a deputation to the Queen on the subject, when an address was presented; but nothing came of the proposals, owing to fears that the English interest in Ireland might be injured. In 1731 Richardson was given the small deanery of Kilmacluagh. See p. 159. Harley. “Bank bill for fifty pound,” taking the alternate letters (see pp. 141, 150). See p. 25. See Nos. 27 and 29, by Swift himself. “Print cannot do justice to whims of this kind, as they depend wholly upon the awkward shape of the letters” (Deane Swift). See p. 54.
“Here is just one specimen given of his way of writing to Stella in these journals. The reader, I hope, will excuse my omitting it in all other places where it occurs. The meaning of this pretty language is: ‘And you must cry There, and Here, and Here again. Must you imitate Presto, pray? Yes, and so you shall. And so there’s for your letter. Good-morrow’” (Deane Swift). What Swift really wrote was probably as follows: “Oo must cly Lele and Lele and Lele aden. Must oo mimitate Pdfr, pay? Iss, and so oo sall. And so lele’s fol oo rettle. Dood-mallow.” Lady Catherine Morice (died 1716) was the eldest daughter of Thomas Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, and wife of Sir Nicholas Morice, Bart., M.P. for Newport. Perhaps Henry Arundell, who succeeded his father as fifth Baron Arundell of Wardour in 1712, and died in 1726. Antoine, AbbÉ de Bourlie and Marquis de Guiscard, was a cadet of a distinguished family of the south of France. He joined the Church, but having been driven from France in consequence of his licentious excesses, he came to England, after many adventures in Europe, with a recommendation from the Duke of Savoy. Godolphin gave him the command of a regiment of refugees, and employed him in projects for effecting a landing in France. These schemes proving abortive, Guiscard’s regiment was disbanded, and he was discharged with a pension of £500 a year. Soon after the Tories came to power Guiscard came to the conclusion that there was no hope of employment for him, and little chance of receiving his pension; and he began a treacherous correspondence with the French. When this was detected he was brought before the Privy Council, and finding that everything was known, and wishing a better death than hanging, he stabbed Harley in the breast. Mrs. Manley, under Swift’s directions, wrote a Narrative of Guiscard’s Examination, and the incident greatly added to the security of Harley’s position, and to the strength of the Government. Harley’s surgeon, Mr. Green. See p. 73. Mrs. Walls’ baby (see p. 185). The phrase had its origin in the sharp practices in the horse and cattle markets. Writing to Arbuthnot in 1727, Swift said that Gay “had made a pretty good bargain (that is a Smithfield) for a little place in the Custom House.” “There.” See Swift’s paper in the Examiner, No. 32, and Mrs. Manley’s pamphlet, already mentioned. Presumably Mrs. Johnson’s palsy-water (see p. 25). Thomas Wentworth, Baron Raby (1672–1739), was created Viscount Wentworth and Earl of Strafford in June 1711. Lord Raby was Envoy and Ambassador at Berlin for some years, and was appointed Ambassador at the Hague in March 1711. In November he was nominated as joint Plenipotentiary with the Bishop of Bristol to negotiate the terms of peace. He objected to Prior as a colleague; Swift says he was “as proud as hell.” In 1715 it was proposed to impeach Strafford, but the proceedings were dropped. In his later years he was, according to Lord Hervey, a loquacious and illiterate, but constant, speaker in the House of Lords. A beauty, to whom Swift addressed verses in 1708. During the frost of January 1709 Swift wrote: “Mrs. Floyd looked out with both her eyes, and we had one day’s thaw; but she drew in her head, and it now freezes as hard as ever.” She was a great friend of Lady Betty Germaine’s. Swift never had the smallpox. See p. 116. Heart. The first number of the Spectator appeared on March 1, 1711. In one of his poems Swift speaks of Stella “sossing in an easy-chair.” See p. 21. “It is reasonable to suppose that Swift’s acquaintance with Arbuthnot commenced just about this time; for in the original letter Swift misspells his name, and writes it Arthbuthnet, in a clear large hand, that MD might not mistake any of the letters” (Deane Swift). Dr. John Arbuthnot had been made Physician in Ordinary to the Queen; he was one of Swift’s dearest friends. Clobery Bromley, M.P. for Coventry, son of William Bromley, M.P. (see p. 70), died on March 20, 1711, and Boyer (Political State, i. 255) says that the House, “out of respect to the father, and to give him time, both to perform the funeral rites and to indulge his just affliction,” adjourned until the 26th. See p. 23. See p. 163. Sir John Perceval, Bart. (died 1748), was created Baron Perceval 1715, Viscount Perceval 1722, and Earl of Egmont 1733, all in the Irish peerage. He married, in 1710, Catherine, eldest daughter of Sir Philip Parker A’Morley, Bart., of Erwarton, Suffolk; and his son (born Feb. 27, 1710–11) was made Baron Perceval and Holland, in the English peerage, in 1762. This report was false. The Old Pretender did not marry until 1718, when he was united to the Princess Clementina Maria, daughter of Prince James Sobieski. John Hartstonge, D.D. (died 1717), was Bishop of Ossory from 1693 to 1714, when he was translated to Derry. See p. 145. Thomas Proby was Chirurgeon-General in Ireland from 1699 until his death in 1761. In his Short Character of Thomas, Earl of Wharton, Swift speaks of him as “a person universally esteemed,” who had been badly treated by Lord Wharton. In 1724 Proby’s son, a captain in the army, was accused of popery, and Swift wrote to Lord Carteret that the charge was generally believed to be false: “The father is the most universally beloved of any man I ever knew in his station. . . . You cannot do any personal thing more acceptable to the people of Ireland than in inclining towards lenity to Mr. Proby and his family.” Proby was probably a near relative of Sir Thomas Proby, Bart., M.P., of Elton, Hunts, at whose death in 1689 the baronetcy expired. Mrs. Proby seems to have been a Miss Spencer. Meliora, daughter of Thomas Coningsby, Baron of Clanbrassil and Earl of Coningsby, and wife of Sir Thomas Southwell, afterwards Baron Southwell, one of the Commissioners of Revenue in Ireland, and a member of the Irish Privy Council. Lady Southwell died in 1736. Lady Betty Rochfort was the daughter of Henry Moore, third Earl of Drogheda. Her husband, George Rochfort, M.P. for Westmeath, was son of Robert Rochfort, an Irish judge, and brother of Robert Rochford, M.P., to whose wife Swift addressed his Advice to a very Young Lady on her Marriage. Lady Betty’s son Robert was created Earl of Belvedere in 1757. See p. 166. Mr. Bussiere, of Suffolk Street, had been called in directly after the outrage, but Radcliffe would not consult him. The letter from Dr. King dated March 17, 1711, commenting on Guiscard’s attack upon Harley. See p. 147. The word “trangram” or “tangram” ordinarily means a toy or gimcrack, or trumpery article. Cf. Wycherley (Plain Dealer, iii. 1), “But go, thou trangram, and carry back those trangrams which thou hast stolen or purloined.” Apparently “trangum” here means a tally. See p. 104. Swift means Godolphin, the late Lord Treasurer. Sir John Holland (see p. 11). “It caused a violent daub on the paper, which still continues much discoloured in the original” (Deane Swift). “He forgot here to say, ‘At night.’ See what goes before” (Deane Swift). See p. 158. Irishman. “Teague” was a term of contempt for an Irishman. To Mr. Harley, wounded by Guiscard. In this piece Prior said, “Britain with tears shall bathe thy glorious wound,” a wound which could not have been inflicted by any but a stranger to our land. Sir Thomas Mansel married Martha, daughter and heiress of Francis Millington, a London merchant. Slatterning, consuming carelessly. “The candle grease mentioned before, which soaked through, deformed this part of the paper on the second page” (Deane Swift). Harcourt. William Rollinson, formerly a wine merchant, settled afterwards in Oxfordshire, where he died at a great age. He was a friend of Pope, Bolingbroke, and Gay. In relation to the banknote (see p. 163). “Swift was, at this time, their great support and champion” (Deane Swift). See p. 134. See p. 167. “Stella, with all her wit and good sense, spelled very ill; and Dr. Swift insisted greatly upon women spelling well” (Deane Swift). “The slope of the letters in the words this way, this way, is to the left hand, but the slope of the words that way, that way, is to the right hand” (Deane Swift). See p. 167. See pp. 24, 85. By the Act 9 Anne, cap. 23, the number of hackney coaches was increased to 800, and it was provided that they were to go a mile and a half for one shilling, two miles for one shilling and sixpence, and so on. See p. 95. In a letter to Swift, of March 17, 1711, King said that it might have been thought that Guiscard’s attack would have convinced the world that Harley was not in the French interest; but it did not have that effect with all, for some whispered the case of Fenius Rufus and Scevinus in the 15th book of Tacitus: “Accensis indicibus ad prodendum Fenium Rufum, quem eundem conscium et inquisitorem non tolerabant.” Next month Swift told King that it was reported that the Archbishop had applied this passage in a speech made to his clergy, and explained at some length the steps he had taken to prevent the story being published in the Postboy. King thanked Swift for this action, explaining that he had been arguing on Harley’s behalf when someone instanced the story of Rufus. A Tory paper, published thrice weekly by Abel Roper. Sir Charles Duncombe, banker, died on April 9, 1711. The first wife of the Duke of Argyle (see p. 101) was Duncombe’s niece, Mary Browne, daughter of Ursula Duncombe and Thomas Browne, of St. Margaret’s, Westminster. Duncombe was elected Lord Mayor in 1700, and was the richest commoner in England. The Rev. Dillon Ashe (see p. 117). John, fourth Baron Poulett, was created Earl Poulett in 1706, after serving as one of the Commissioners for the Treaty of Union with Scotland. From August 1710 to May 1711 he was First Lord of the Treasury, and from June 1711 to August 1714 he was Lord Steward of the Household. Lost or stupid person. Sir William Read, a quack who advertised largely in the Tatler and other papers. He was satirised in No. 547 of the Spectator. In 1705 he was knighted for his services in curing many seamen and soldiers of blindness gratis, and he was appointed Oculist in Ordinary to the Queen. Read died in 1715, but his business was continued by his widow. General John Webb was not on good terms with Marlborough. He was a Tory, and had gained distinction in the war at Wynendale (1708), though the Duke’s secretary gave the credit, in the despatch, to Cadogan. There is a well-known account of Webb in Thackeray’s Esmond. He was severely wounded at Malplaquet in 1709, and in 1710 was given the governorship of the Isle of Wight. He died in 1724. Henry Campion, M.P. for Penryn, is mentioned in the Political State for February 1712 as one of the leading men of the October Club. Campion seems to have been Member, not for Penryn, but for Bossiney. See p. 12. Sir George Beaumont, Bart., M.P. for Leicester, and an acquaintance of Swift’s mother, was made a Commissioner of the Privy Seal in 1712, and one of the Lords of the Admiralty in 1714. He died in 1737. Heneage Finch, afterwards second Earl of Aylesford, was the son of Heneage Finch, the chief counsel for the seven bishops, who was created Baron Guernsey in 1703, and Earl of Aylesford in 1714. James, Lord Compton, afterwards fifth Earl of Northampton, was the eldest son of George, the fourth Earl. He was summoned to the House of Lords in December 1711, and died in 1754. See p. 89. In 1670 Temple thanked the Grand Duke of Tuscany for “an entire vintage of the finest wines of Italy” (Temple’s Works, 1814, ii. 155–56). Mrs. Manley (see p. 166). Charles CÆsar, M.P. for Hertford, was appointed Treasurer of the Navy in June 1711, in the room of Robert Walpole. Joseph I. His successor was his brother Charles, the King of Spain recognised by England. Simon Harcourt, M.P. for Wallingford. He married Elizabeth, sister of Sir John Evelyn, Bart., and died in 1720, aged thirty-five, before his father. He was secretary to the society of “Brothers,” wrote verses, and was a friend of the poets. His son Simon was created Earl Harcourt in 1749, and was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Doiley, a seventeenth-century linen-draper,—probably “Thomas Doyley, at the Nun, in Henrietta Street, Covent Garden,”—invented stuffs which “might at once be cheap and genteel” (Spectator, No. 283). A special envoy. The Resident from Venice in 1710 was Signor Bianchi. See p. 160. Nanfan Coote, second Earl of Bellamont, who died in 1708, married, in 1705, Lucia Anna, daughter of Henry de Nassau, Lord of Auverquerque, and sister of Henry, first Earl of Grantham. She died in 1744. “Farnese” (Deane Swift). See p. 188. Swift’s changes of residence during the period covered by the Journal were numerous. On Sept. 20, 1710, he moved from Pall Mall to Bury Street, “where I suppose I shall continue while in London.” But on Dec. 28 he went to new lodgings in St. Albans Street, Haymarket. On April 26, 1711, he moved to Chelsea, and from there to Suffolk Street, to be near the Vanhomrighs. He next moved to St. Martins Street, Leicester Fields; and a month later to Panton Street, Haymarket. In 1712 he lodged for a time at Kensington Gravel Pits. At raffling for books. James Brydges, Paymaster-General, and afterwards Duke of Chandos (see p. 12). Thomas Foley, M.P. for Worcestershire, was created Baron Foley in December 1711, and died in 1733. See pp. 198, 200. See p. 176. Charles Dering, second son of Sir Edward Dering, Bart., M.P. for Kent, was Auditor of the Exchequer in Ireland, and M.P. for Carlingford. See p. 97. See pp. 43, 160. A Whig paper, for the most part by Mainwaring and Oldmixon, in opposition to the Examiner. It appeared weekly from October 1710 to August 1711. See p. 166. See Spectator, No. 50, by Addison. In all probability a mistake for “Wesley” (see p. 2). Lord Paisley (see p. 161). See p. 88. Sir Hovenden Walker. The “man midwife” was Sir Chamberlen Walker, his younger brother. The “secret expedition” against Quebec conveyed upwards of 5000 soldiers, under the command of General John Hill (see p. 76), but owing to the want of due preparations and the severe weather encountered, the fleet was compelled to return to England without accomplishing anything. Robert Freind, elder brother of John Freind, M.D. (see p. 66), became headmaster of Westminster School in 1711, and held the appointment until 1733. He was Rector of Witney, and afterwards Canon of Windsor, Prebendary of Westminster, and Canon of Christ Church. He died in 1751, aged eighty-four. Christopher Musgrave was Clerk of the Ordnance. Atterbury’s wife, Katherine Osborn, has been described as “the inspiration of his youth and the solace of his riper years.” The original Chelsea Bun House, in Jew’s Row, was pulled down in 1839. Sir R. Philips, writing in 1817, said, “Those buns have afforded a competency, and even wealth, to four generations of the same family; and it is singular that their delicate flavour, lightness, and richness have never been successfully imitated.” See p. 60. King wrote to Swift (May 15, 1711), “The death of the Earl of Rochester is a great blow to all good men, and even his enemies cannot but do justice to his character. What influence it will have on public affairs God only knows.” See p. 89. See p. 160. See p. 170. See p. 192. Swift’s curate at Laracor. Queen Anne was the last sovereign who exercised the supposed royal gift of healing by touch. Dr. Johnson was touched by her, but without effect. Richard Thornhill was tried at the Old Bailey on May 18, 1711, for the murder of Sir Cholmley Dering, M.P. for Kent, and found guilty of manslaughter only; but he was shortly afterwards assassinated (see Journal for Aug. 21, 1711; Spectator, No. 84). The quarrel began on April 27, when they fell to blows, and Thornhill being knocked down, had some teeth struck out by Sir C. Dering stamping on him. The spectators then interfered, and Dering expressed himself as ready to beg pardon; but Thornhill not thinking this was sufficient satisfaction, gave Dering the lie, and on May 9 sent him a challenge. Tothill Fields, Westminster, was a favourite place for duels in the seventeenth century. See p. 124. Benjamin Burton, a Dublin banker, and brother-in-law of Swift’s friend Stratford (see p. 10). Swift says he hated this “rogue.” The day on which the Club met. See letter from Swift to St. John, May 11, 1711. Henry Barry, fourth Lord Barry of Santry (1680–1734), was an Irish Privy Councillor, and Governor of Derry. In 1702 he married Bridget, daughter of Sir Thomas Domville, Bart., and in an undated letter (about 1735) to Lady Santry Swift spoke of his esteem for her, “although I had hardly the least acquaintance with your lord, nor was at all desirous to cultivate it, because I did not at all approve of his conduct.” Lord Santry’s only son and heir, who was born in 1710, was condemned to death for the murder of a footman in 1739, when the barony became extinct by forfeiture. See B. W. Adams’s History of Santry. Probably Captain Cammock, of the Speedwell, of 28 guns and 125 men (Luttrell, vi. 331), who met on July 13, 1708, off Scotland, two French privateers, one of 16, the other of 18 guns, and fought them several hours. The first privateer got off, much shattered; the other was brought into Carrickfergus. See 50. See p. 120. This valuable pamphlet is signed “J.G.,” and is believed to be by John Gay. Edmund Curll’s collection of Swift’s Miscellanies, published in 1711, was an expansion of a pamphlet of 1710, A Meditation upon a Broomstick, and somewhat beside, of the same Author’s. “In this passage DD signifies both Dingley and Stella” (Deane Swift). Sir Henry Craik’s reading. The old editions have, “It would do: DD goes as well as Presto,” which is obviously corrupt. Cf. Journal, June 17, 1712. Cf. “old doings” (see p. 73.) See p. 163. Rymer’s Foedera, in three volumes, which Swift obtained for Trinity College, Dublin. See pp. 43, 145. Stephen Colledge, “the Protestant joiner,” was hanged in 1681. He had published attacks on the Roman Catholics, and had advocated resistance to Charles II. See p. 14. Mitford Crowe was appointed Governor of Barbados in 1706, and before his departure for that island went to Spain, “to settle the accounts of our army there, of which he is paymaster” (Luttrell, vi. 104). In 1710 charges of bribery brought against him by merchants were inquired into by the Privy Council, but he seems to have cleared himself, for in June 1711 Swift speaks of him as Governor of Jamaica. He died in 1719. See p. 60. Swift’s uncle Adam “lived and died in Ireland,” and left no son. Another daughter of his became Mrs. Whiteway. William Lowndes, M.P., secretary to the Treasury, whom Walpole called “as able and honest a servant as ever the Crown had.” The Lord Treasurer’s staff: since the dismissal of Godolphin, the Treasurership had been held in commission. “As I hope to be saved.” Stella’s maid. See letter from King to Swift, May 15, 1711. Alderman Constantine, a High Churchman, indignant at being passed over by a junior in the contest for the mayoralty, brought the matter before the Council Board, and produced an old by-law by which aldermen, according to their ancientry, were required to keep their mayoralty. King took the side of the city, but the majority was for the by-law, and disapproved of the election; whereupon the citizens repealed the by-law and re-elected the same alderman as before. The Lord Treasurer’s staff. Swift’s “little parson cousin,” the resident chaplain at Moor Park. He pretended to have had some part in The Tale of a Tub, and Swift always professed great contempt for him. Thomas Swift was son of an Oxford uncle of Swift’s, of the same name, and was at school and college with Swift. He became Rector of Puttenham, Surrey, and died in 1752, aged eighty-seven. The Duke of Ormond’s daughter, Lady Mary Butler (see p. 44). Thomas Harley, the Lord Treasurer’s cousin, was secretary to the Treasury. Lord Oxford’s daughter Elizabeth married, in 1712, the Marquis of Caermarthen. Henry Tenison, M.P. for County Louth, was one of the Commissioners of the Revenue in Ireland from 1704 until his death in 1709 (Luttrell, v. 381, vi. 523). Probably he was related to Dr. Tenison, Bishop of Meath, who died in 1705. Anne Finch (died 1720), daughter of Sir William Kingsmill, and wife of Heneage Finch, who became fourth Earl of Winchelsea in 1712. Lady Winchelsea published a volume of poems in 1713, and was a friend of Pope and Rowe. Wordsworth recognised the advance in the growth of attention to “external nature” shown in her writings. See pp. 223, 297. This was a mistake. Charles Hickman, D.D., Bishop of Derry, died in November 1713. “These words in italics are written in a large round hand” (Deane Swift). “This entry is interlined in the original” (Deane Swift). Colonel James Graham (1649–1730) held various offices under James II., and was granted a lease of a lodge in Bagshot Park. Like his brother, Viscount Preston, he was suspected of treasonable practices in 1691, and he was arrested in 1692 and 1696. Under Queen Anne and George I., Colonel Graham was M.P. for Appleby and Westmorland. Mr. Leslie Stephen has pointed out that this is the name of an inn (now the Jolly Farmer) near Frimley, on the hill between Bagshot and Farnborough. This inn is still called the Golden Farmer on the Ordnance map. “Soley” is probably a misreading for “sollah,” a form often used by Swift for “sirrah,” and “figgarkick” may be “pilgarlick” (a poor creature) in Swift’s “little language” (cf. 20th Oct. 1711). See p. 134. Probably a misprint for “Bertie.” This Mr. Bertie may have been the Hon. James Bertie, second son of the first Earl of Abingdon, and M.P. for Middlesex. Evelyn Pierrepont, fifth Earl of Kingston, was made Marquis of Dorchester in 1706. He became Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull in 1715, and died in 1726. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu was his daughter. See p. 116. Sir Thomas Thynne, first Viscount Weymouth, who died in 1714, aged seventy-four, married Frances, daughter of Heneage Finch, second Earl of Winchelsea. See p. 52. Swift is referring to St. John’s defence of Brydges (see p. 201.) “He does not mean smoking, which he never practised, but snuffing up cut-and-dry tobacco, which sometimes was just coloured with Spanish snuff; and this he used all his life, but would not own that he took snuff” (Deane Swift). Beaumont (see p. 1). Sir Alexander Cairnes, M.P. for Monaghan, a banker, was created a baronet in 1706, and died in 1732. See pp. 43, 160. Isaac Manley (see p. 7.) Sir Thomas Frankland. See p. 24. Hockley-in-the-Hole, Clerkenwell, a place of public diversion, was famous for its bear and bull baitings. Sir William Seymour, second son of Sir Edward Seymour, Bart., of Berry Pomeroy, retired from the army in 1717, and died in 1728 (Dalton’s Army Lists). He was wounded at Landen and Vigo, and saw much service between his appointment as a Captain of Fusiliers in 1686 and his promotion to the rank of Lieutenant-General in 1707. No. 45. “And now I conceive the main design I had in writing these papers is fully executed. A great majority of the nation is at length thoroughly convinced that the Queen proceeded with the highest wisdom, in changing her Ministry and Parliament” (Examiner, No. 45). Edward Harley (see p. 124). See p. 225. Tom Ashe was an elder brother of the Bishop of Clogher. He had an estate of more than £1000 a year in County Meath, and Nichols describes him as of droll appearance, thick and short in person: “a facetious, pleasant companion, but the most eternal unwearied punster that ever lived.” “Even Joseph Beaumont, the son, was at this time an old man, whose grey locks were venerable; yet his father lived until about 1719” (Deane Swift). Sir William Wyndham, Bart. (1687–1740), was M.P. for Somerset. He was a close partisan of Bolingbroke’s, and in 1713 introduced the Schism Bill, which drove Oxford from office. Wyndham became Chancellor of the Exchequer, and was afterwards a leading opponent of Walpole. His wife, Lady Catherine Seymour (died 1713), was the second daughter of Charles, Duke of Somerset (see p. 270). Swift was afterwards President of this Club, which is better known as “the Society.” Perhaps Daniel Reading, M.P. for Newcastle, Co. Dublin. Afterwards Congreve formed a friendship with the Whigs; or, as Swift put it,
“Took proper principles to thrive,
And so might every dunce alive.”
Atterbury. This pamphlet, published in February 1712, was called A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue, in a Letter to the . . . Lord High Treasurer. No. 47 Francis Gastrell, Canon of Christ Church, was made Bishop of Chester in 1713. His valuable Notitia Cestriensis was published in 1845–50. Near Fulham. See p. 116. The daughters of Meinhardt Schomberg, Duke of Leinster, in Ireland, and third Duke of Schomberg. Lady Mary married Count Dagenfeldt, and Lady Frederica married, first, the Earl of Holderness, and, secondly, Earl Fitz Walter. Thomas Harley. See p. 176. The widow of Sir John Lyndon, who was appointed a justice of the Court of King’s Bench in Ireland in 1682, and died in 1699. “Marmaduke Coghill, LL.D., was judge of the Prerogative Court in Ireland. About this time he courted a lady, and was soon to have been married to her; but unfortunately a cause was brought to trial before him, wherein a man was sued for beating his wife. When the matter was agitated, the Doctor gave his opinion, ‘That although a man had no right to beat his wife unmercifully, yet that, with such a little cane or switch as he then held in his hand, a husband was at liberty, and was invested with a power, to give his wife moderate correction’; which opinion determined the lady against having the Doctor. He died an old man and a bachelor” (Deane Swift). See also Lascelles, Liber Muner. Hibern., part ii. p. 80. This was a common exclamation of the time, but the spelling varies in different writers. It seems to be a corruption of “God so,” or “God ho,” but there may have been a confusion with “cat-so,” derived from the Italian “cazzo.” See p. 92. Mrs. Manley was now editing the Examiner. Sir Henry Belasyse was sent to Spain as Commissioner to inquire into the state of the English forces in that country. The son of Sir Richard Belasyse, Knight of Ludworth, Durham, Sir Henry finished a chequered career in 1717, when he was buried in Westminster Abbey (Dalton’s Army Lists, ii. 228). In his earlier years he served under the United Provinces, and after the accession of William was made a Brigadier-General in the English army, and in 1694, Lieutenant-General. In 1702 he was second in command of the expedition to Cadiz, but he was dismissed the service in consequence of the looting of Port St. Mary. Subsequently he was elected M.P. for Durham, and in 1713 was appointed Governor of Berwick. Atterbury. See p. 10. Sir John Powell, a Judge of the Queen’s Bench, died in 1713, aged sixty-eight. He was a kindly as well as able judge. See p. 235. This Tisdall has been described as a Dublin merchant; but in all probability he was Richard Tisdall, Registrar of the Irish Court of Chancery, and M.P. for Dundalk (1707–1713) and County Louth (1713–1727). He married Marian, daughter of Richard Boyle, M.P., and died in 1742. Richard Tisdall was a relative of Stella’s suitor, the Rev. William Tisdall, and years afterwards Swift took an interest in his son Philip, who became a Secretary of State and Leader of the Irish House of Commons. “In Ireland there are not public paths from place to place, as in England” (Deane Swift). See p. 226. Probably a son of John Manley, M.P. (see p. 24). See p. 97. Dr. George Stanhope, who was Vicar of Lewisham as well as of Deptford. He was a popular preacher and a translator of Thomas À Kempis and other religious writers. See p. 10. A favourite word with Swift, when he wished to indicate anything obscure or humble.
See p. 163. See pp. 234–5. See p. 166. Thomas Mills (1671–1740) was made Bishop of Waterford and Lismore in 1708. A man of learning and a liberal contributor to the cost of church restorations, he is charged by Archbishop King with giving all the valuable livings in his gift to his non-resident relatives. Tooke was appointed printer of the London Gazette in 1711 (see p. 8). See 24. Lady Jane Hyde, the elder daughter of Henry Hyde, Earl of Rochester (see p. 24), married William Capel, third Earl of Essex. Her daughter Charlotte’s husband, the son of the Earl of Jersey, was created Earl of Clarendon in 1776. Lady Jane’s younger sister, Catherine, who became the famous Duchess of Queensberry, Gay’s patroness, is represented by Prior, in The Female Phaeton, as jealous, when a young girl, of her sister, “Lady Jenny,” who went to balls, and “brought home hearts by dozens.” See 257. John Holles, Duke of Newcastle, had held the Privy Seal from 1705, and was regarded by the Ministers as a possible plenipotentiary in the event of their negotiations for a peace being successful. He married Lady Margaret Cavendish, daughter and co-heiress of Henry Cavendish, second Duke of Newcastle, and was one of the richest nobles in England. His death, on July 15, 1711, was the result of a fall while stag-hunting. The Duke’s only daughter married, in 1713, Edward, Lord Harley, the Earl of Oxford’s son. Alexander Forbes, fourth Lord Forbes, who was afterwards attainted for his share in the Rebellion of 1745. Obscure (cf. p. 52). Jacob Tonson the elder, who died in 1736, outlived his nephew, Jacob Tonson the younger, by a few months. The elder Tonson, the secretary of the Kit-Cat Club, published many of Dryden’s works, and the firm continued to be the chief publishers of the time during the greater part of the eighteenth century. John Barber. By his will Swift left to Deane Swift his “large silver standish, consisting of a large silver plate, an ink-pot, and a sand-box.” I.e., we are only three hours in getting there. Cf. p. 141. The Examiner was revived in December 1711, under Oldisworth’s editorship, and was continued by him until 1714. James Douglas, fourth Duke of Hamilton, was created Duke of Brandon in the English peerage in September 1711, and was killed by Lord Mohun in a duel in 1712. Swift calls him “a worthy good-natured person, very generous, but of a middle understanding.” He married, in 1698, as his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Digby, Lord Gerard, a lady to whom Swift often refers in the Journal. She outlived the Duke thirty-two years. See p. 260. William Fitzmaurice (see p. 263). The Duke of Shrewsbury (see p. 12) married an Italian lady, Adelhida, daughter of the Marquis of Paliotti, of Bologna, descended maternally from Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, Queen Elizabeth’s favourite. Lady Cowper (Diary, pp. 8, 9) says that the Duchess “had a wonderful art of entertaining and diverting people, though she would sometimes exceed the bounds of decency; . . . but then, with all her prate and noise, she was the most cunning, designing woman alive, obliging to people in prosperity, and a great party-woman.” As regards the name “Presto,” see p. 5 note 3. Probably a cousin. Presumptuous: claiming much. See p. 123. John Winchcombe, a weaver of Newbury, marched with a hundred of his workmen, at his own expenses, against the Scots in 1513. Thomas Coke, M.P., of Derbyshire, was appointed a Teller of the Exchequer in 1704, and Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen in 1706. In 1706 he married—as his second wife—Mrs. Hale, one of the maids of honour (Luttrell, v. 411, 423; vi. 113, 462; Lady Cowper’s Diary, 15, 16), a lady whose “piercing” beauty it was, apparently, that Steele described under the name of Chloe, in No. 4 of the Tatler. Jervas painted her as a country girl, “with a liveliness that shows she is conscious, but not affected, of her perfections.” Coke was the Sir Plume of Pope’s Rape of the Lock. The committee of management of the Royal household. Francesca Margherita de l’Epine, the famous singer, and principal rival of Mrs. Tofts, came to England in 1692, and constantly sang in opera until her retirement in 1718, when she married Dr. Pepusch. She died in 1746. Her sister, Maria Gallia, also a singer, did not attain the same popularity. Charles Scarborow and Sir William Foster were the Clerks of the Board of Green Cloth. See note on Thomas Coke, 266. The Earl of Sunderland’s second wife, Lady Anne Churchill, who died in 1716, aged twenty-eight. She was the favourite daughter of the Duke of Marlborough, and was called “the little Whig.” Verses were written in honour of her beauty and talent by Charles Montagu, Earl of Halifax, Dr. Watts and others, and her portrait was painted by Lely and Kneller. Mary, daughter of Sir William Forester, of Dothill, Shropshire. In 1700, at the age of thirteen, she had been secretly married to her cousin, George Downing, a lad of fifteen. Three years later, Downing, on his return from abroad, refused to acknowledge his wife, and in 1715 both parties petitioned the House of Lords for leave to bring in a Bill declaring the marriage to be void; but leave was refused (Lords’ Journals, xx. 41, 45). Downing had become Sir George Downing, Bart., in 1711, and had been elected M.P. for Dunwich; he died without issue in 1749, and was the founder of Downing College, Cambridge. In a discussion upon what would be the result if beards became the fashion, Budgell (Spectator, No. 331) says, “Besides, we are not certain that the ladies would not come into the mode, when they take the air on horseback. They already appear in hats and feathers, coats and periwigs.” Horse-racing was much encouraged by Charles II., who, as Strutt tells us, appointed races to be made in Datchet Mead, when he was residing at Windsor. By Queen Anne’s time horse-racing was becoming a regular institution: see Spectator, No. 173. John Montagu, second Duke of Montagu, married Lady Mary Churchill, youngest daughter of the Duke of Marlborough. Of Clogher. John Adams, Prebendary of Canterbury and Canon of Windsor. He was made Provost of King’s College, Cambridge, in 1712, and died in 1720. The Hon. and Rev. George Verney, Canon of Windsor (died 1728), became fourth Lord Willoughby de Broke on the death of his father (Sir Richard Verney, the third Baron), in July 1711. Lord Willoughby became Dean of Windsor in 1713. Thomas Hare, Under Secretary of State in Bolingbroke’s office. Richard Sutton was the second son of Robert Sutton, the nephew of the Robert Sutton who was created Viscount Lexington by Charles I. Sutton served under William III. and Marlborough in Flanders, and was made a Brigadier-General in 1710, in which year also he was elected M.P. for Newark. In 1711 he was appointed Governor of Hull, and he died, a Lieutenant-General, in 1737 (Dalton’s Army Lists, iii. 153) Charles Seymour, sixth Duke of Somerset (1662–1748), known as “the proud Duke of Somerset.” Through the influence which his wife—afterwards Mistress of the Robes (see p. 162)—had obtained over the Queen, he bore no small part in bringing about the changes of 1710. His intrigues during this period were, however, mainly actuated by jealousy of Marlborough, and he had really no sympathies with the Tories. His intrigues with the Whigs caused the utmost alarm to St. John and to Swift. The third and last reference to Vanessa in the Journal. “Pray God preserve her life, which is of great importance” (Swift to Archbishop King, Aug. 15, 1711). St. John was at this moment very anxious to conciliate Mrs. Masham, as he felt that she was the only person capable of counteracting the intrigues of the Duchess of Somerset with the Queen. Pontack, of Abchurch Lane, son of Arnaud de Pontac, President of the Parliament of Bordeaux, was proprietor of the most fashionable eating-house in London. There the Royal Society met annually at dinner until 1746. Several writers speak of the dinners at a guinea a head and upwards served at Pontack’s, and Swift comments on the price of the wine. “His name was Read” (Scott). Up to the end of 1709 the warrants for the payment of the works at Blenheim had been regularly issued by Godolphin and paid at the Treasury; over £200,000 was expended in this manner. But after the dismissal of the Whigs the Queen drew tight the purse-strings. The £20,000 mentioned by Swift was paid in 1711, but on June 1, 1712, Anne gave positive orders that nothing further should be allowed for Blenheim, though £12,000 remained due to the contractors. The piercing of the lines before Bouchain, which Villars had declared to be the non plus ultra of the Allies, one of the most striking proofs of Marlborough’s military genius. See p. 212. A fashionable gaming-house in St. James’s Street. See p. 37. The Grange, near Alresford, Hampshire, was Henley’s seat. His wife (see p. 117) was the daughter of Peregrine Bertie, son of Montagu Bertie, second Earl of Lindsey; and Earl Poulett (see p. 190) married Bridget, an elder daughter of Bertie’s. William Henry Hyde, Earl of Danby, grandson of the first Duke of Leeds (see p. 60), and eldest son of Peregrine Osborne, Baron Osborne and Viscount Dunblane, who succeeded to the dukedom in 1712. Owing to this young man’s death (at the age of twenty-one), his brother, Peregrine Hyde, Marquis of Caermarthen, who married Harley’s daughter Elizabeth, afterwards became third Duke of Leeds. See p. 54. See p. 8. William Gregg was a clerk in Harley’s office when the latter was Secretary of State under the Whig Administration. In 1707–8 he was in treasonable correspondence with M. de Chamillart, the French Secretary of State. When he was detected he was tried for high treason, and hanged on April 28. The Lords who examined Gregg did their utmost to establish Harley’s complicity, which Gregg, however, with his dying breath solemnly denied. By Swift himself. The title was, Some Remarks upon a Pamphlet entitled, A Letter to the Seven Lords of the Committee appointed to examine Gregg. See p. 120. There is no copy in the British Museum. Thomas Parnell, the poet, married, in 1706, Anne, daughter of Thomas Minchin, of Tipperary. In 1711 Parnell was thirty-two years of age, and was Archdeacon of Clogher and Vicar of Clontibret. Swift took much trouble to obtain for Parnell the friendship of Bolingbroke and other persons of note, and Parnell became a member of the Scriblerus Club. In 1716 he was made Vicar of Finglas, and after his death in 1718 Pope prepared an edition of his poems. The fits of depression to which Parnell was liable became more marked after his wife’s death, and he seems to have to some extent given way to drink. His sincerity and charm of manner made him welcome with men of both parties. Dr. Henry Compton had been Bishop of London since 1675. He was dangerously ill early in 1711, but he lived until 1713, when he was eighty-one. See p. 250. See p. 50. L’Estrange speaks of “a whiffling fop” and Swift says, “Every whiffler in a laced coat, who frequents the chocolate-house, shall talk of the Constitution.” Prior’s first visit to France with a view to the secret negotiations with that country which the Ministers were now bent on carrying through, had been made in July, when he and Gaultier reached Calais in a fishing-boat and proceeded to Fontainbleau under assumed names. He returned to England in August, but was recognised at Dover, whence the news spread all over London, to the great annoyance of the Ministers. The officer who recognised Prior was John Macky, reputed author of those Characters upon which Swift wrote comments. Formerly a secret service agent under William III., Macky had been given the direction of the Ostend mail packets by Marlborough, to whom he communicated the news of Prior’s journey. Bolingbroke threatened to hang Macky, and he was thrown into prison; but the accession of George I. again brought him favour and employment. See p. 106. See p. 7. See 34. Edward Villiers (1656–1711), created Viscount Villiers in 1691, was made Earl of Jersey in 1697. Under William III. he was Lord Chamberlain and Secretary of State, but he was dismissed from office in 1704. When he died he had been nominated as a plenipotentiary at the Congress of Utrecht, and was about to receive the appointment of Lord Privy Seal. Lord Jersey married, in 1681, when she was eighteen, Barbara, daughter of William Chiffinch, closet-keeper to Charles II.; she died in 1735. Lord Paisley was the Earl of Abercorn’s eldest surviving son (see p. 161). The Hon. John Hamilton, the Earl’s second surviving son, died in 1714. Dr. John Robinson (1650–1723) had gone out as chaplain to the Embassy at the Court of Sweden in 1682, and had returned in 1708 with the double reputation of being a thorough Churchman and a sound diplomatist. He was soon made Dean of Windsor, and afterwards Bishop of Bristol. He was now introduced to the Council Board, and it was made known to those in the confidence of Ministers that he would be one of the English plenipotentiaries at the coming Peace Congress. In 1713 Dr. Robinson was made Bishop of London. To the Irish bishops: see above. John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732), who was attainted for his part in the Rebellion of 1715. His first wife, Lady Margaret Hay, was a daughter of Lord Kinnoull. Thomas Hay, sixth Earl of Kinnoull (died 1719), a Commissioner for the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland, and one of the Scotch representative peers in the first Parliament of Great Britain. His son and heir, Viscount Dupplin, afterwards Baron Hay (see p. 30), who married Harley’s daughter Abigail, is often mentioned in the Journal. See p. 7. The title of the pamphlet was, A New Journey to Paris, together with some Secret Transactions between the French King and an English Gentleman. By the Sieur du Baudrier. Translated from the French. See p. 97. See p. 269. The Earl of Strafford (see p. 170) married, on Sept. 6, 1711, Anne, only daughter and heiress of Sir Henry Johnson, of Bradenham, Buckinghamshire, a wealthy shipbuilder. Many of Lady Strafford’s letters to her husband are given in the Wentworth Papers, 1883. Samuel Pratt, who was also Clerk of the Closet. Alice Hill, woman of the bed-chamber to the Queen, died in 1762. Enniscorthy, the name of a town in the county of Wexford. Scrambling. “These words in italics are written in strange, misshapen letters, inclining to the right hand, in imitation of Stella’s writing” (Deane Swift). Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. John Pooley, appointed Bishop of Raphoe in 1702. “These words in italics are miserably scrawled, in imitation of Stella’s hand” (Deane Swift). See p. 54. See p. 236. See p. 74. See p. 284. Cf. the entry on the 11th (p. 291). See p. 34. William, Lord Villiers, second Earl of Jersey (died 1721), a strong Jacobite, had been M.P. for Kent before his father’s death. He married, in 1704, Judith, only daughter of a City merchant, Frederick Herne, son of Sir Nathaniel Herne, Alderman; she died in 1735. Lord Jersey, one of “the prettiest young peers in England,” was a companion of Bolingbroke, and stories in the Wentworth Papers (pp. 149, 230, 395, 445), show that he had a bad reputation. See p. 269. The name of Arbuthnot’s wife is not known: she died in 1730. James Lovet, one of the “Yeomen Porters” at Court. Richard Jones, Earl of Ranelagh, who died without male issue in January 1712. Writing to Archbishop King on Jan. 8, Swift said, “Lord Ranelagh died on Sunday morning; he was very poor and needy, and could hardly support himself for want of a pension which used to be paid him.” Arabella Churchill, maid of honour to the Duchess of York, and mistress of James II., afterwards married Colonel Charles Godfrey, Clerk Comptroller of the Green Cloth and Master of the Jewel Office. Her second son by James II. was created Duke of Albemarle. See p. 269. The Lord Mayor and Sheriffs of Dublin, elected in August 1711, “not being approved of by the Government, the City was obliged to proceed to another election, which occasioned a great ferment among the vulgar sort” (Boyer, Political State, 1711, p. 500). After two other persons had been elected and disapproved of, Alderman Gore was elected Lord Mayor, and approved (ib. pp. 612–17). “These words in italics are written enormously large” (Deane Swift). See p. 14. Henry Lowman, First Clerk of the Kitchen. “The Doctor was always a bad reckoner, either of money or anything else; and this is one of his rapid computations. For, as Stella was seven days in journey, although Dr. Swift says only six, she might well have spent four days at Inish-Corthy, and two nights at Mrs. Proby’s mother’s, the distance from Wexford to Dublin being but two easy days’ journey” (Deane Swift). Mrs. Fenton. See p. 86. Charles Paulet, second Duke of Bolton, was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1717, and died in 1722. In a note on Macky’s character of the Duke, Swift calls him “a great booby”; and Lady Cowper (Diary, p. 154) says that he was generally to be seen with his tongue lolling out of his mouth. Stella’s maid. See p. 106. Colonel Fielding (see p. 154). The envoys were MÉnager and the AbbÉ du Bois; the priest was the AbbÉ Gaultier. See p. 170. Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe, General, who died in 1702, married Eleanor, daughter of Richard Wall, of Rogane, Tipperary. She died in 1732, and Swift described her as so “cunning a devil that she had great influence as a reconciler of the differences at Court.” One of her sons was General James Oglethorpe, the philanthropist, and friend of Dr. Johnson. “Worrit,” trouble, tease. Sir John Walter, Bart. (died 1722), was M.P. for the city of Oxford. He and Charles Godfrey (see p. 296) were the Clerks Comptrollers of the Green Cloth. See p. 306. No doubt one of the daughters of Mervyn Tuchet, fourth Earl of Castlehaven, who died in 1686. Henrietta Maria, daughter of Charles Scarborow (see p. 266). She married, in 1712, Sir Robert Jenkinson, Bart., M.P. for Oxfordshire, who died without issue in 1717. See Wentworth Papers, 244. In July 1712 a Commission passed empowering Conyers Darcy and George Fielding (an equerry to the Queen) to execute the office of Master of the Horse. At Killibride, about four miles from Trim. Swift’s “mistress,” Lady Hyde (see p. 24), whose husband had become Earl of Rochester in May 1711. She was forty-one in 1711. See p. 296. See p. 287. See p. 206. See p. 262, note 2. See p. 250. “This happens to be the only single line written upon the margin of any of his journals. By some accident there was a margin about as broad as the back of a razor, and therefore he made this use of it” (Deane Swift). Lieutenant-Colonel Barton, of Colonel Kane’s regiment. A nickname for the High Church party. See p. 284. “From this pleasantry of my Lord Oxford, the appellative Martinus Scriblerus took its rise” (Deane Swift). Cf. the Imitation of the Sixth Satire of the Second Book of Horace, 1714, where Swift says that, during their drives together, Harley would
“gravely try to read the lines
Writ underneath the country signs.”
See p. 218. See p. 170. See p. 218. Lord Pembroke (see p. 52) married, in 1708, as his second wife, Barbara, Dowager Baroness Arundell of Trerice, formerly widow of Sir Richard Mauleverer, and daughter of Sir Thomas Slingsby. She died in 1722. Caleb Coatesworth, who died in 1741, leaving a large fortune. Abel Boyer, Whig journalist and historian, attacked Swift in his pamphlet, An Account of the State and Progress of the Present Negotiations for Peace. Boyer says that he was released from custody by Harley; and in the Political State for 1711 (p. 646) he speaks of Swift as “a shameless and most contemptible ecclesiastical turncoat, whose tongue is as swift to revile as his mind is swift to change.” The Postboy said that Boyer would “be prosecuted with the utmost severity of the law” for this attack. The “Edgar.” Four hundred men were killed. William Bretton, or Britton, was made Lieutenant-Colonel in 1702, Colonel of a new Regiment of Foot 1705, Brigadier-General 1710, and Colonel of the King’s Own Borderers in April 1711 (Dalton, Army Lists, iii. 238). In December 1711 he was appointed Envoy Extraordinary to the King of Prussia (Postboy, Jan. 1, 1712), and he died in December 1714 or January 1715. See p. 229, note 4. It is not clear which of several Lady Gores is here referred to. It may be (1) the wife of Sir William Gore, Bart., of Manor Gore, and Custos Rotulorum, County Leitrim, who married Hannah, eldest daughter and co-heir of James Hamilton, Esq., son of Sir Frederick Hamilton, and niece of Gustavus Hamilton, created Viscount Boyne. She died 1733. Or (2) the wife of Sir Ralph Gore, Bart. (died 1732), M.P. for County Donegal, and afterwards Speaker of the Irish House of Commons. He married Miss Colville, daughter of Sir Robert Colville, of Newtown, Leitrim, and, as his second wife, Elizabeth, only daughter of Dr. Ashe, Bishop of Clogher. Or (3) the wife of Sir Arthur Gore, Bart. (died 1727), of Newtown Gore, Mayo, who married Eleanor, daughter of Sir George St. George, Bart., of Carrick, Leitrim, and was ancestor of the Earls of Arran. “Modern usage has sanctioned Stella’s spelling” (Scott). Swift’s spelling was “wast.” Mrs. Manley. Swift’s own lines, “Mrs. Frances Harris’s Petition.” Thomas Coote was a justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench, in Ireland, from 1692 until his removal in 1715. Probably a relative of Robert Echlin, Dean of Tuam, who was killed by some of his own servants in April 1712, at the age of seventy-three. His son John became Prebendary and Vicar-General of Tuam, and died in 1764, aged eighty-three. In August 1731 Bolingbroke sent Swift a letter by the hands of “Mr. Echlin,” who would, he said, tell Swift of the general state of things in England. “This column of words, as they are corrected, is in Stella’s hand” (Deane Swift). Swift’s verses, “The Description of a Salamander,” are a scurrilous attack on John, Lord Cutts (died 1707), who was famous for his bravery. Joanna Cutts, the sister who complained of Swift’s abuse, died unmarried. See p. 323. Fourteen printers or publishers were arrested, under warrants signed by St. John, for publishing pamphlets directed against the Government. They appeared at the Court of Queens Bench on Oct. 23, and were continued on their own recognisances till the end of the term. Robert Benson (see p. 41). “The South Sea Whim,” printed in Scott’s Swift, ii. 398. See pp. 200, 205, 340. Count Gallas was dismissed with a message that he might depart from the kingdom when he thought fit. He published the preliminaries of peace in the Daily Courant. William, second Viscount Hatton, who died without issue in 1760. His half-sister Anne married Daniel Finch, second Earl of Nottingham, and Lord Hatton was therefore uncle to his fellow-guest, Mr. Finch. Crinkle or contract. Gay writes: “Showers soon drench the camblet’s cockled grain.” The Countess of Jersey (see p. 294), like her husband, was a friend of Bolingbroke’s. Lady Strafford speaks of her having lately (November 1711) “been in pickle for her sins,” at which she was not surprised. Before the Earl succeeded to the title, Lady Wentworth wrote to her son: “It’s said Lord Villors Lady was worth fower scoar thoussand pd; you might have got her, as wel as Lord Villors. . . . He [Lord Jersey] has not don well by his son, the young lady is not yoused well as I hear amongst them, which in my openion is not well.” Wentworth Papers (pp. 214, 234). Cf. p. 66. Charles Crow, appointed Bishop of Cloyne in 1702. Swift. Mrs. Manley. The titles of these pamphlets are as follows:—(1) A True Narrative of . . . the Examination of the Marquis de Guiscard; (2) Some Remarks upon a Pamphlet entitled, A Letter to the Seven Lords; (3) A New Journey to Paris; (4) The Duke of Marlborough’s Vindication; (5) A Learned Comment on Dr. Hare’s Sermon. See the pun on p. 329. See p. 10. See p. 97. Pratt (see p. 5). Stella and Dingley. Noah’s Dove, an Exhortation to Peace, set forth in a Sermon preached on the Seventh of November, 1710, a Thanksgiving Day, by Thomas Swift, A.M., formerly Chaplain to Sir William Temple, now Rector of Puttenham in Surrey. Thomas Swift was Swift’s “little parson cousin” (see p. 225). See p. 36. The book referred to is, apparently, An Impartial Enquiry into the Management of the War in Spain, post-dated 1712. Lord Harley (afterwards second Earl of Oxford) (see p. 30) married, on Oct. 31, 1713, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles, only daughter of John Holles, last Duke of Newcastle of that family (see p. 257). Bolingbroke afterwards said that the great aim (at length accomplished) of Harley’s administration was to marry his son to this young lady. Swift wrote a poetical address to Lord Harley on his marriage. Thomas Pelham, first Baron Pelham, married, as his second wife, Lady Grace Holles, daughter of the Earl of Clare and sister of the Duke of Newcastle. Their eldest son, Thomas, who succeeded to the barony in 1712, was afterwards created Earl of Clare and Duke of Newcastle, Francis Higgins, Rector of Baldruddery, called “the Sacheverell of Ireland,” was an extreme High Churchman, who had been charged with sedition on account of sermons preached in London in 1707. In 1711 he was again prosecuted as “a disloyal subject and disturber of the public peace.” At that time he was Prebendary of Christ Church, Dublin; in 1725 he was made Archdeacon of Cashel. Swift’s pamphlet, The Conduct of the Allies. Lord Oxford’s daughter Abigail married, in 1709, Viscount Dupplin, afterwards seventh Earl of Kinnoull (see p. 30). She died in 1750, and her husband in 1758, when the eldest son, Thomas, became Earl. The second son, Robert, was made Archbishop of York in 1761. Kensington Gravel Pits was then a famous health resort. Draggled. Pope has, “A puppy, daggled through the town.” Writing of Peperharrow, Manning and Bray state (Surrey, ii. 32, 47) that Oxenford Grange was conveyed to Philip Froud (died 1736) in 1700, and was sold by him in 1713 to Alan Broderick, afterwards Viscount Midleton. This Froud (Swift’s “old Frowde”) had been Deputy Postmaster-General; he was son of Sir Philip Frowde, who was knighted in 1665 (Le Neve’s Knights, Harleian Society, p. 190), and his son Philip was Addison’s friend (see p. 58). Probably the Charles Child, Esq., of Farnham, whose death is recorded in the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1754. Grace Spencer was probably Mrs. Proby’s sister (see p. 176, 202). Cf. Shakespeare, As You Like It, v. 3: “Shall we clap into ’t roundly, without hawking or spitting, which are the only prologues to a bad voice?” In the “Verses on his own Death,” 1731, Swift says
“When daily howd’y’s come of course,
And servants answer, ‘Worse and worse!’”
Cf. Steele (Tatler, No. 109), “After so many howdies, you proceed to visit or not, as you like the run of each other’s reputation or fortune,” and (Spectator, No. 143), “the howd’ye servants of our women.” See p. 304. See p. 132. The Tories alleged that the Duke of Marlborough, the Duke of Montagu, Steele, etc., were to take part in the procession (cf. Spectator, No. 269). Swift admits that the images seized were worth less than £40, and not £1000, as he had said, and that the Devil was not like Harley; yet he employed someone to write a lying pamphlet, A True Relation of the Several Facts and Circumstances of the Intended Riot and Tumult, etc. A brother of Jemmy Leigh (see p. 6), and one of Stella’s card-playing acquaintances. Of The Conduct of the Allies (see pp. 335, 345). Sir Thomas Hanmer (see p. 69) married, in 1698, Isabella, widow of the first Duke of Grafton, and only daughter and heiress of Henry, Earl of Arlington. She died in 1723. James, Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262), married, in 1698, as his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of Digby, Lord Gerard. She died in 1744. The Conduct of the Allies. See p. 238. Sir Matthew Dudley (see p. 7) married Lady Mary O’Bryen, youngest daughter of Henry, Earl of Thomond.
See p. 305. Sir John St. Leger (died 1743) was M.P. for Doneraile and a Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland from 1714 to 1741. His elder brother, Arthur, was created Viscount Doneraile in 1703. Relation of the Facts and Circumstances of the Intended Riot on Queen Elizabeth’s Birthday. The Conduct of the Allies. See p. 73. The first motto was “Partem tibi Gallia nostri eripuit,” etc. (Horace, 2 Od. 17–24). See Plautus’s Amphitrus, or Dryden’s Amphitryon. It is not known whether or no this was Dr. William Savage, Master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. No copy of the sermon—if it was printed—has been found. See Courtenay’s Memoirs of Sir William Temple. Of The Conduct of the Allies, a pamphlet which had a very wide circulation. See a paper by Edward Solly in the Antiquarian Magazine, March 1885. Allen Bathurst, M.P. (1684–1775), created Baron Bathurst in December 1711, and Earl Bathurst in 1772. His second and eldest surviving son was appointed Lord Chancellor in the year preceding the father’s death. Writing to her son in January 1711 (Wentworth Papers, 173), Lady Wentworth said of Bathurst, “He is, next to you, the finest gentleman and the best young man I know; I love him dearly.” See p. 72. See p. 153. Swift is alluding to the quarrel between Lord Santry (see p. 215) and Francis Higgins (see p. 335), which led to Higgins’s prosecution. The matter is described at length in Boyer’s Political State, 1711, pp. 617 seq. See p. 176. No doubt the same as Colonel Newburgh (see Journal, March 5, 1711–12). Beaumont (see p. 1, 250). See p. 301. Cf. p. 144. See p. 341. See p. 336. Debtors could not be arrested on Sunday. Sir George Pretyman, Bart., dissipated the fortune of the family. The title became dormant in 1749. See the Introduction. For the Whites of Farnham, see Manning and Bray’s Surrey, iii. 177. The Conduct of the Allies. The Percevals were among Swift’s principal friends in the neighbourhood of Laracor. In a letter to John Temple in 1706 (Forster’s Life of Swift, 182) Swift alludes to Perceval; in spite of different views in politics, “I always loved him,” says Swift, “very well as a man of very good understanding and humour.” Perceval was related to Sir John Perceval, afterwards Earl of Egmont (see p. 175). See p. 2. See p. 58. The Examiner was resumed on Dec. 6, 1711, under Oldisworth’s editorship, and was continued by him until July 1714. Daniel Finch, second Earl of Nottingham, a staunch Tory, had quarrelled with the Government and the Court. On Dec. 7, 1711, he carried, by six votes, an amendment to the Address, to the effect that no peace would be acceptable which left Spain in the possession of the House of Bourbon. Harley’s counter-stroke was the creation of twelve new peers. The Whigs rewarded Nottingham by withdrawing their opposition to the Occasional Conformity Bill: This “Song” begins:
“An orator dismal of Nottinghamshire,
Who had forty years let out his conscience for hire.”
The Conduct of the Allies. Robert Bertie, Lord Willoughby de Eresby, and fourth Earl of Lindsey, was created Marquis of Lindsay in 1706, and Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven in 1715. He died in 1723. Lady Sunderland (see p. 267) and Lady Rialton, ladies of the bed-chamber to the Queen. Hugh Cholmondeley (died 1724), the second Viscount, was created Viscount Malpas and Earl of Cholmondeley in 1706, and in 1708 was appointed Treasurer of Her Majesty’s Household, an office which he held until 1713, in spite of his Whig sympathies. “Good for nothing, so far as ever I knew,” Swift wrote of him. Prov. xxv. 3. See p. 304. Thomas Parker, afterwards created Earl of Macclesfield, was appointed Lord Chief-Justice in March 1710. In September 1711 he declined Harley’s offer of the Lord Chancellorship, a post which he accepted under a Whig Government in the next reign. The Bill against Occasional Conformity. The proposed visit to London of Prince Eugene of Savoy, the renowned General, and friend of Marlborough, was viewed by the Government with considerable alarm. Swift’s “An excellent new Song; being the intended Speech of a famous orator against Peace,” a ballad “two degrees above Grub Street” (see p. 354). Robert Walpole was then M.P. for King’s Lynn, and Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons. He had been Secretary at War from February 1708 to September 1710, and the Commissioners of Public Accounts having reported, on Dec. 21, 1711, that he had been guilty of venality and corruption, he was expelled from the House of Commons, and taken to the Tower. William King, D.C.L., author of the Journey to London in 1698, Dialogues of the Dead, The Art of Cookery, and other amusing works, was, at the end of the month, appointed Gazetteer, in succession to Steele, on Swift’s recommendation. Writing earlier in the year, Gay said that King deserved better than to “languish out the small remainder of his life in the Fleet Prison.” The duties of Gazetteer were too much for his easy-going nature and failing health, and he resigned the post in July 1712. He died in the following December. At the bottom of St. James’s Street, on the west side. The Rev. John Shower, pastor of the Presbyterian Congregation at Curriers’ Hall, London Wall. The Windsor Prophecy, in which the Duchess of Somerset (see p. 162) is attacked as “Carrots from Northumberland.” Merlin’s Prophecy, 1709, written in pseudo-mediÆval English. See p. 10. Dorothy, daughter of Sir Edward Leach, of Shipley, Derbyshire. Sir James Long, Bart. (died 1729), was at this time M.P. for Chippenham. The number containing this paragraph is not in the British Museum. Joseph Beaumont (see pp. 1, 250, 349). See p. 19. Apparently a misprint for “whether.” See p. 321. James Compton, afterwards fifth Earl of Northampton (died 1754), was summoned to the House of Lords as Baron Compton in December 1711. Charles Bruce, who succeeded his father as third Earl of Aylesbury in 1741, was created Lord Bruce, of Whorlton, at the same time. James, Lord Compton, eldest son of the Earl of Northampton; Charles, Lord Bruce, eldest son of the Earl of Aylesbury; Henry Paget, son of Lord Paget; George Hay, Viscount Dupplin, the son-in-law of the Lord Treasurer, created Baron Hay; Viscount Windsor, created Baron Montjoy; Sir Thomas Mansel, Baron Mansel; Sir Thomas Willoughby, Baron Middleton; Sir Thomas Trevor, Baron Trevor; George Granville, Baron Lansdowne; Samuel Masham, Baron Masham; Thomas Foley, Baron Foley; and Allen Bathurst, Baron Bathurst. Juliana, widow of the second Earl of Burlington, and daughter of the Hon. Henry Noel, was Mistress of the Robes to Queen Anne. She died in 1750, aged seventy-eight. Thomas Windsor, Viscount Windsor (died 1738), an Irish peer, who had served under William III. in Flanders, was created Baron Montjoy, of the Isle of Wight, in December 1711. He married Charlotte, widow of John, Baron Jeffries, of Wem, and daughter of Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. The Hon. Russell Robartes, brother of Lord Radnor (see p. 8), was Teller of the Exchequer, and M.P. for Bodmin. His son became third Earl of Radnor in 1723. Gay (Trivia, ii. 92) speaks of “the slabby pavement.” See p. 158. George Granville (see p. 130), now Baron Lansdowne, married Lady Mary Thynne, widow of Thomas Thynne, and daughter of Edward, Earl of Jersey (see p. 281). In October 1710 Lady Wentworth wrote to her son, “Pray, my dear, why will you let Lady Mary Thynne go? She is young, rich, and not unhandsome, some say she is pretty; and a virtuous lady, and of the nobility, and why will you not try to get her?” (Wentworth Papers, 149). See p. 225. Harness. On his birthday Swift read the third chapter of Job. See p. 329. Sir George St. George of Dunmore, Co. Galway, M.P. for Co. Leitrim from 1661 to 1692, and afterwards for Co. Galway, died in December 1711. See pp. 305, 346. See p. 20. Dr. Pratt (see p. 5). King Henry VIII., act iv. sc. 2; “An old man broken with the storms,” etc. “These words in the manuscript imitate Stella’s writing, and are sloped the wrong way” (Deane Swift), Archibald Douglas, third Marquis of Douglas, was created Duke of Douglas in 1703. He died, without issue, in 1761. Arbuthnot and Freind. Sir Stephen Evance, goldsmith, was knighted in 1690. Because of the refusal of the House of Lords to allow the Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262), a Scottish peer who had been raised to the peerage of Great Britain as Duke of Brandon, to sit under that title. The Scottish peers discontinued their attendance at the House until the resolution was partially amended; and the Duke of Hamilton always sat as a representative Scottish peer. Sir William Robinson (1655–1736), created a baronet in 1689, was M.P. for York from 1697 to 1722. His descendants include the late Earl De Grey and the Marquis of Ripon. See p. 152. The full title was, Some Advice humbly offered to the Members of the October Club, in a Letter from a Person of Honour. See p. 377. “It is the last of the page, and written close to the edge of the paper” (Deane Swift). Henry Somerset, second Duke of Beaufort. In September 1711 the Duke—who was then only twenty-seven—married, as his third wife, Mary, youngest daughter of the Duke of Leeds. In the following January Lady Strafford wrote, “The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort are the fondest of one another in the world; I fear ’tis too hot to hold. . . . I own I fancy people may love one another as well without making so great a rout” (Wentworth Papers, 256). The Duke died in 1714, at the age of thirty. “Upon the 10th and 17th of this month the Examiner was very severe upon the Duke of Marlborough, and in consequence of this report pursued him with greater virulence in the following course of his papers” (Deane Swift). A term of execration. Scott (Kenilworth) has, “A pize on it.” See p. 89. In a letter to Swift of Jan. 31, 1712, Sacheverell, after expressing his indebtedness to St. John and Harley, said, “For yourself, good Doctor, who was the first spring to move it, I can never sufficiently acknowledge the obligation,” and in a postscript he hinted that a place in the Custom House which he heard was vacant might suit his brother. Thomas Yalden, D.D., (1671–1736), Addison’s college friend, succeeded Atterbury as preacher of Bridewell Hospital in 1713. In 1723 he was arrested on suspicion of being involved in the Atterbury plot. Tablets. Sir Solomon de Medina, a Jew, was knighted in 1700. Davenant had been said to be the writer of papers which Swift contributed to the Examiner. Henry Withers, a friend of “Duke” Disney (see p. 153), was appointed Lieutenant-General in 1707, and Major-General in 1712. On his death in 1729 he was buried in Westminster Abbey. See p. 360. Dyer’s News Letter, the favourite reading of Sir Roger de Coverley (Spectator, No. 127), was the work of John Dyer, a Jacobite journalist. In the Tatler (No. 18) Addison says that Dyer was “justly looked upon by all the fox-hunters in the nation as the greatest statesman our country has produced.” Lord Chief-Justice Holt referred to the News Letter as “a little scandalous paper of a scandalous author” (Howell’s State Trials, xiv. 1150). Dr. John Sharp, made Archbishop of York in 1691, was called by Swift “the harmless tool of others’ hate.” Swift believed that Sharp, owing to his dislike of The Tale of a Tub, assisted in preventing the bishopric of Hereford being offered to him. Sharp was an excellent preacher, with a taste for both poetry and science. An edition of the Countess d’Aulnoy’s Les Contes des FÉes appeared in 1710, in four volumes. Francis Godolphin, Viscount Rialton, the eldest son of Sidney, Earl of Godolphin, succeeded his father as second Earl on Sept. 15, 1712. He held 3 various offices, including that of Lord Privy Seal (1735–1740), and died in 1766, aged eighty-eight. He married, in 1698, Lady Henrietta Churchill, who afterwards was Duchess of Marlborough in her own right. She died in 1733. See p. 256. Ladies of the bed-chamber received £1000 a year. William O’Brien, third Earl of Inchiquin, succeeded his father in 1691, and died in 1719. Lady Catherine Hyde was an unmarried daughter of Laurence Hyde, first Earl of Rochester (see p. 60). Notwithstanding Swift’s express statement that the lady to whom he here refers was the late Earl’s daughter, and the allusion to her sister, Lady Dalkeith, in Letter 60, note 26, she has been confused by previous editors with her niece, Lady Catherine Hyde (see p. 256), daughter of the second Earl, and afterwards Duchess of Queensberry. That lady, not long afterwards to be celebrated by Prior, was a child under twelve when Swift wrote. Sir John Trevor (1637–1717), formerly Speaker of the House of Commons. See p. 97. See p. 335. See p. 215. Charles Trimnel, made Bishop of Norwich in 1708, and Bishop of Winchester in 1721, was strongly opposed to High Church doctrines. Jibe or jest. See p. 206. The treaty concluded with Holland in 1711. Feb. 2 is the Purification of the Virgin Mary. See p. 284. See p. 99. Lady Mary Butler (see pp. 14, 44), daughter of the Duke of Ormond, who married, in 1710, John, third Lord Ashburnham, afterwards Earl of Ashburnham. See p. 4. See p. 357. Scroop Egerton, fifth Earl and first Duke of Bridgewater, married, in 1703, Lady Elizabeth Churchill, third daughter of the Duke of Marlborough. She died in 1714, aged twenty-six. See p. 294. Heart. Edward Fowler, D.D., appointed Bishop of Gloucester in 1691, died in 1714. Isaac Manley (see p. 7). This letter, the first of the series published by Hawkesworth, of which we have the originals (see Preface), was addressed “To Mrs. Johnson at her Lodgings over against St. Mary’s Church, near Capell Street, Dublin, Ireland”; and was endorsed by her “Recd. Mar. 1st.” See p. 85. See p. 116. See p. 215. Charles Ross, son of the eleventh Baron Ross, was Colonel of the Royal Irish Dragoons from 1695 to 1705. He was a Lieutenant-General under the Duke of Ormond in Flanders, and died in 1732 (Dalton, ii. 212, iii. 34). Charles Paulet, Marquis of Winchester, succeeded his father (see p. 302) as third Duke of Bolton in 1722. He married, as his second wife, Lavinia Fenton, the actress who took the part of Polly Peacham in Gay’s Beggars Opera in 1728, and he died in 1754. John Blith, or Bligh, son of the Right Hon. Thomas Bligh, M.P. of Rathmore, Co. Meath (see p. 22). In August 1713 he married Lady Theodosia Hyde, daughter of Edward, third Earl of Clarendon. Lord Berkeley of Stratton wrote, “Lady Theodosia Hyde . . . is married to an Irish Mr. Blythe, of a good estate, who will soon have enough of her, if I can give any guess” (Wentworth Papers, 353). In 1715 Bligh was made Baron Clifton, of Rathmore, and Earl of Darnley in 1725. He died in 1728. Obliterated. Word obliterated; probably “found.” Forster reads “oors, dee MD.” Words obliterated. See pp. 86, 301. See pp. 73, 192–3. Words obliterated. Forster reads “fourth. Euge, euge, euge.” Words obliterated; one illegible. See p. 5. See p. 2. Service. “Aplon”—if this is the right word—means, of course, apron—the apron referred to on p. 389. Words obliterated. As the son of a “brother” of the Club. The Archbishop, Dr. King. See Tacitus, Annals, book ii. Cn. Calpurnius Piso, who was said to have poisoned Germanicus, was found with his throat cut. This satire on Marlborough concludes—
“And Midas now neglected stands,
With asses’ ears and dirty hands.”
Dr. Robinson, Bishop of Bristol. Some Remarks on the Barrier Treaty. Several words are obliterated. Forster reads “MD MD, for we must always write to MD MD MD, awake or asleep;” but the passage is illegible. See pp. 95, 517–8. A long erasure. Forster reads “Go to bed. Help pdfr. Rove pdfr. MD MD. Nite darling rogues.” Word obliterated. Forster reads “saucy.” Letter from. Words partially obliterated. Swift wrote by mistake, “On Europe Britain’s safety lies”; the slip was pointed out by Hawkesworth. All the verse is written in the MSS. as prose. “Them” (MS.). See Wyons Queen Anne, ii. 366–7. A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue, in a Letter to the Most Honourable Robert, Earl of Oxford, 1712. “Help him to draw up the representation” (omitting every other letter). See p. 217. Robert Benson. The Story of the St. Albans Ghost, 1712. “Usually” (MS.). These words are partially obliterated. This sentence is obliterated. Forster reads, “Farewell, mine deelest rife deelest char Ppt, MD MD MD Ppt, FW, Lele MD, ME ME ME ME aden FW MD Lazy ones Lele Lele all a Lele.” Endorsed by Stella “Recd. Mar. 19.” “Would” (MS.). Conversation. John Guillim’s Display of Heraldrie appeared first in 1610. The edition to which Swift refers was probably that of 1679, which is wrongly described as the “fifth edition,” instead of the seventh. “One of the horses here mentioned may have been the celebrated Godolphin Arabian from whom descends all the blue blood of the racecourse, and who was the grandfather of Eclipse” (Larwood’s Story of the London Parks, 99). See p. 352. Dorothea, daughter of James Stopford, of New Hall, County Meath, and sister of Lady Newtown-Butler, was the second wife of Edward, fourth Earl of Meath, who died without issue in 1707. She afterwards married General Richard Gorges (see Journal, April 5, 1713), of Kilbrue, County Meath, and Swift wrote an epitaph on them—“Doll and Dickey.” Here follow some obliterated words. Barber (see p. 106). “The editors supposed Zinkerman (which they printed in capitals) to mean some outlandish or foreign distinction; but it is the little language for ‘gentleman’” (Forster). The Hon. Charles Butler, second son of Thomas, Earl of Ossory, eldest son of James, Duke of Ormond, was elevated to the peerage of Ireland in 1693 as Earl of Arran, and was also created a peer of England, as Baron Butler. He held various offices under William III. and Queen Anne, and died without issue in 1759. “They” (MS.). See pp. 10, 381–2. See p. 89. Sir William Wyndham, Bart., of Orchard Wyndham, married Lady Catherine Seymour, daughter of the sixth Duke of Somerset (see p. 236). Their eldest son, Charles, succeeded his uncle, the Duke of Somerset, as Earl of Egremont; and the second son, Percy, was afterwards created Earl of Thomond. The Wyndhams’ house was in Albemarle Street; the loss was over £20,000; but they were “much more concerned for their servants than for all the other losses” (Wentworth Papers, 274). The Duke of Ormond “worked as hard as any of the ordinary men, and gave many guineas about to encourage the men to work hard.” The Queen gave the Wyndhams temporary lodgings in “St. James’s house.” See p. 12. What. Devil’s. “To” (MS.). See p. 349. See p. 406. See pp. 113–4. Peregrine Hyde Osborne, Earl of Danby, afterwards Marquis of Caermarthen and third Duke of Leeds (see p. 473). His sister Mary was married to the Duke of Beaufort (see p. 385). See p. 72. Several undecipherable words. Forster reads, “Pidy Pdfr, deelest Sollahs.” “K” (MS.). It should, of course, be “Queen’s.” See p. 213. Addressed “To Mrs. Johnson, at her lodgings over against St. Mary’s Church, near Capel Street, Dublin, Ireland.” Endorsed “Mar. 30.” See p. 66. The Mohocks succeeded the Scowrers of William III.’s reign. Gay (Trivia, iii. 325) says—
“Who has not heard the Scowrers’ midnight fame?
Who has not trembled at the Mohocks’ name?”
Lady Wentworth (Wentworth Papers, 277) says: “They put an old woman into a hogshead, and rolled her down a hill; they cut off some noses, others’ hands, and several barbarous tricks, without any provocation. They are said to be young gentlemen; they never take any money from any.” See also the Spectator, Nos. 324, 332, and 347 (where Budgell alludes to “the late panic fear”), and Defoe’s Review for March 15, 1712. Swift was in considerable alarm about the Mohocks throughout March, and said that they were all Whigs. The reports that numbers of persons, including men of figure, had joined together to commit assaults in the streets, made many fear to leave their houses at night. A proclamation was issued for the suppressing of riots and the discovery of those guilty of the late outrages; but it seems probable that the disorders were not more frequent than might be expected from time to time in a great city. Henry Davenant, son of Charles Davenant (see p. 58), was Resident at Frankfort. Macky described him as “very giddy-headed, with some wit,” to which Swift added, “He is not worth mentioning.” Thomas Burnet, youngest son of Gilbert Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury, was at this time a young man about town of no good reputation. Afterwards he turned his attention to the law, and was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1741. He was knighted in 1745, and died in 1753. By Arbuthnot, written to recommend the peace proposals of the Government. The full title was, Law is a Bottomless Pit. Exemplified in the case of the Lord Strutt, John Bull, Nicholas Frog, and Lewis Baboon; who spent all they had in a Law Suit. See pp. 238, 407. Our little language. Forster reads, “two deelest nauty nown MD.” See p. 36. William Diaper, son of Joseph Diaper of Bridgewater, was sent to Balliol College, Oxford, in 1699, at the age of fourteen. He entered the Church, and was curate at Brent, Somerset; but he died in 1717, aged twenty-nine. The Examiner (vol. ii. No. 15) complained of general bribery and oppression on the part of officials and underlings in the public service, especially in matters connected with the army; but the writer said that the head (Lord Lansdowne) was just and liberal in his nature, and easy in his fortune, and a man of honour and virtue. Sealed documents given to show that a merchant’s goods are entered. Thomas Lawrence, First Physician to Queen Anne, and Physician-General to the Army, died in 1714 (Gentleman’s Magazine, 1815, ii. 17). His daughter Elizabeth was second wife to Lord Mohun. See 163. See 245. No officer named Newcomb appears in Dalton’s Army Lists; but the allusion to General Ross, further on in Letter 43, adds to the probability that Swift was referring to one of the sons of Sir Thomas Newcomen, Bart., who was killed at the siege of Enniskillen. Beverley Newcomen (Dalton, iii. 52, iv. 60), who was probably Swift’s acquaintance, was described in a petition of 1706 as a Lieutenant who had served at Killiecrankie, and had been in Major-General Ross’s regiment ever since 1695. Atterbury. Evidently a familiar quotation at the time. Forster reads, incorrectly, “But the more I lite MD.” See p. 400. See p. 104. In 1681, Elizabeth, only daughter and heiress of John Ayres, of the City of London, then aged about twenty, became the fourth and last wife of Heneage Finch, Earl of Winchelsea, who died in 1689. She lived until 1745. See p. 218. Enoch Sterne (see p. 20). Lieut.-Col. Robert Sterne was in Col. Frederick Hamilton’s Regiment in 1695. Letter. See p. 120.
The title was, John Bull in his Senses: being the Second Part of Law is a Bottomless Pit. See p. 352. Cf. note 9 above. Forster reads “nautyas,” when the words would mean “as naughty as nine,” apparently. See p. 424, note 1. In 1549, James, second Earl of Arran, was made Duke of Chatelherault by Henry II. of France. His eldest son died without issue; the second, John, became first Marquis of Hamilton, and was great-grandfather of Lady Anne Hamilton (Duchess of Hamilton), mother of the Duke of Swift’s Journal. The Earl of Abercorn, on the other hand, was descended from Claud, third son of the Earl of Arran, but in the male line; and his claim was therefore the stronger, according to the French law of inheritance. Madams. This word is doubtful. Forster reads “cobbled.” A mistake, apparently, for “writing.” The letter was begun on March 8. Silly jade. O Lord, what a clutter. On the death of Dr. William Graham, Dean of Wells, it was reported that Swift was to be his successor. Dr. Brailsford, however, received the appointment. Abel Roper (1665–1726), a Tory journalist, published, thrice weekly, the Postboy, to which Swift sometimes sent paragraphs. Boyer (Political State, 1711, p. 678) said that Roper was only the tool of a party; “there are men of figure and distinction behind the curtain, who furnish him with such scandalous reflections as they think proper to cast upon their antagonists.” Joe Beaumont. Beg your pardon, Madams, I’m glad you like your apron (see p. 402). This word was smudged by Swift. I cannot find Somers in contemporary lists of officials. Cf. pp. 159, 298. Obliterated and doubtful. Words obliterated and illegible. Forster reads, conjecturally, “Pray send Pdfr the ME account that I may have time to write to Parvisol.” Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Apr. 14.” “Is” (MS.). The words after “yet” are partially obliterated. See p. 53. John Cecil, sixth Earl of Exeter (died 1721). See p. 206. Arbuthnot. A resort of the Tories. Deane Swift, a son of Swift’s uncle Godwin, was a merchant in Lisbon. Winces. Lyly says, “Rubbe there no more, least I winch.” Probably William Whiston, who was deprived of the Lucasian professorship at Cambridge in 1710 for his heterodox views. Parliament having offered a reward for the discovery of means of finding the longitude, Whiston made several attempts (1714 and 1721). Word obliterated. Distilled water prepared with rosemary flowers. In Fielding’s Joseph Andrews, a lady gives up to a highway robber, in her fright, a silver bottle which, the ruffian said, contained some of the best brandy he had ever tasted; this she “afterwards assured the company was a mistake of her maid, for that she had ordered her to fill the bottle with Hungary water.” As I hope to be saved. Added on the fourth page, as the letter was folded. Addressed to “Mrs. Johnson,” etc. Endorsed “May 1st.” A kind of clover, used for soothing purposes. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “May 15.” Madam Ayris. Simpleton. Robert Benson (see p. 41). See pp. 407, 420. The title was, An Appendix to John Bull still in his Senses: or, Law is a Bottomless Pit. Arbuthnot. Enquiries by servants. See p. 160. Sick. Afterwards Rector of Letcombe, Berks. It was to his house that Swift repaired a few weeks before the Queen’s death. On June 8, 1714, he wrote, “I am at a clergyman’s house, whom I love very well, but he is such a melancholy, thoughtful man, partly from nature, and partly by a solitary life, that I shall soon catch the spleen from him. His wife has been this month twenty miles off at her father’s, and will not return these ten days, and perhaps the house will be worse when she comes.” Swift spells the name “Geree”; later on in the Journal he mentions two of Mr. Gery’s sisters, Betty (Mrs. Elwick) and Moll (Mrs. Wigmore); probably he made the acquaintance of the family when he was living with the Temples at Moor Park (see p. 502). Because she is a good girl in other things. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “June 5.” Sice, the number six at dice. At Laracor Swift had “a canal and river-walk and willows.” Splenetic fellow. One of them was by Oldmixon: Reflections on Dr. Swift’s Letter to the Earl of Oxford. Beg your pardon. See p. 239. On May 28, Lord Halifax moved an Address to the Queen that the instructions given to the Duke of Ormond might be laid before the House, and that further orders might be issued to him to act offensively, in concert with the Allies. Wharton and Nottingham supported the motion, but it was negatived by 68 votes against 40. A similar motion in the House of Commons was defeated by 203 against 73. See p. 335. See p. 217. Some Reasons to prove that no Person is obliged by his Principles, as a Whig, to oppose Her Majesty: in a Letter to a Whig Lord. Several words obliterated. Several words obliterated. The bellman. This present writing. Please. Addressed to “Mrs. Rebecca Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “June 23d.” Mr. Ryland reads “second.” As I hope to be saved. See p. 295. Glad at heart. The threepenny pamphlet mentioned on p. 441. I.e., for. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley.” Endorsed “July 8.” See p. 277. See p. 76. See p. 9. See pp. 295, 444. Dr. William Lloyd—one of the Seven Bishops of 1688—was eighty-four years of age at this time; he died five years later. He was a strong antipapist, and a great student of the Apocalypse, besides being a hard-working bishop. A curious letter from him to Lord Oxford about a coming war of religion is given in the Welbeck Papers (Hist. MSS. Comm.) v. 128. Toland’s Invitation to Dismal to dine with the Calf’s Head Club. The Earl of Nottingham (Dismal) had deserted the Tories, and Swift’s imitation of Horace (Epist. I. v.) is an invitation from Toland to dine with “his trusty friends” in celebration of the execution of Charles I. The Calf’s Head Club was in the habit of toasting “confusion to the race of kings.” Bolingbroke. George Fitzroy, Duke of Northumberland (died 1716), a natural son of Charles II., was also Viscount Falmouth and Baron of Pontefract. See Notes and Queries, viii. i. 135. Enoch Sterne. Templeoag (p. 443). Swift probably was only repeating an inaccurate rumour, for there is no evidence that Steele was arrested. His gambling scheme was withdrawn directly an information was laid under the new Act of Parliament against gambling (Aitken’s Life of Steele, i. 347). Dr. William Moreton (1641–1715), Swift’s diocesan, was translated from the see of Kildare to that of Meath in 1705. Words obliterated. Forster reads conjecturally, “when ME wants me to send. She ought to have it,” etc. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “July 23.” “N. 33” seems a mistake. Letter No. 32 was received after Swift had left Kensington and gone to Windsor; see pp. 452, 456 (Ryland). Dr. Moreton (see p. 448). Memoranda. Again. O Lord, drunken slut. There’s for you now, and there’s for your letter, and every kind of thing. Bolingbroke. See p. 120. Grub Street pamphlet. The title was, A Supposed Letter from the Pretender to another Whig Lord. Arnold Joost Van Keppel, created Earl of Albemarle in 1697. He died in 1718. The action referred to was at Denain, where the Dutch were defeated by Villars. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Aug. 14.” Perhaps this was influenza. By the Stamp Act passed on June 10, 1712—which was repealed in 1859—a duty of one halfpenny was levied on all pamphlets and newspapers contained in half a sheet or less, and a duty of one penny on those of more than half but not exceeding a whole sheet. Swift opposed the idea in January 1711 (see p. 138), and Defoe argued against the Bill in the Review for April 26, 1712, and following numbers. Addison, in the Spectator, No. 445, spoke of the mortality among authors resulting from the Stamp Act as “the fall of the leaf.” The title is, Lewis Baboon turned honest, and John Bull politician. Being the Fourth Part of Law is a Bottomless Pit. This pamphlet—really the fifth of the series—appeared on July 31, 1712. Poor Laracor. See p. 104. On the death of the third Earl in 1712, the title of Earl of Winchelsea passed to his uncle, Heneage Finch, who had married Anne, daughter of Sir William Kingsmill (see p. 227). Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Oct. 1st. At Portraune” [Portraine]. Oxford and Bolingbroke. Including Hester Vanhomrigh. He died on Sept. 15, 1712. Elizabeth Villiers, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, Knight Marischal of England, and sister of the first Earl of Jersey. In 1695 she married Lord George Hamilton (son of Lord William Douglas, afterwards Duke of Hamilton), who was raised to the peerage of Scotland in 1696 as Earl of Orkney. William III. gave her an Irish estate worth £26,000 a year. Swift’s opinion of her wisdom is confirmed by Lord Lansdowne, who speaks, in his Progress of Poetry, of
“Villiers, for wisdom and deep judgment famed,
Of a high race, victorious beauty brings
To grace our Courts, and captivate our Kings.”
The “beauty” seems a poetic licence; Swift says the lady squinted “like a dragon.” Cliefden. See p. 106. Swift’s sister (see p. 74). Forster reads “returned.” See Swift’s letter to General Hill of Aug. 12, 1712 Swift’s housekeeper at Laracor. I.e., be made freemen of the City. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Octr. 18. At Portraune.” “Sometimes, when better company was not to be had, he [Swift] was honoured by being invited to play at cards with his patron; and on such occasions Sir William was so generous as to give his antagonist a little silver to begin with” (Macaulay, History of England, chap. xix.). The History of the Works of the Learned, a quarto periodical, was published from 1699 to 1711. See p. 343. See p. 277. Lady Elizabeth Savage, daughter of Richard, fourth Earl Rivers (see p. 88), was the second wife of James Barry, fourth Earl of Barrymore. Of Earl Rivers’ illegitimate children, one, Bessy, married (1) Frederick Nassau, third Earl of Rochford, and (2) a clergyman named Carter; while another, Richard Savage, was the poet. Earl Rivers’ successor, John Savage, the fifth Earl, was a Roman Catholic priest, the grandson of John, first Earl Rivers. On his death in 1728 the title became extinct. No. 32. Very sick. From “but I” to “agreeable” is partially obliterated. Mrs. Swanton was the eldest daughter of Willoughby Swift, and therefore Swift’s second cousin. In her will Esther Johnson left to Swift “a bond of thirty pounds, due to me by Dr. Russell, in trust for the use of Mrs. Honoria Swanton.” This sentence is partially obliterated. See p. 452. See p. 25. The latter half of this sentence is partially obliterated. Partly obliterated. See p. 54. Wise. Partly obliterated. See p. 43. This sentence is almost obliterated. The MS. of this letter has not been preserved. See p. 245. Swift’s friend, Dr. Pratt (see p. 5), was then Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. Samuel Molyneux, then aged twenty-three, was the son of William Molyneux (1656–1698), M.P. for Dublin University, a writer on philosophical and scientific subjects, and the friend of Locke. Samuel Molyneux took his M.A. degree in Dublin in 1710, and in 1712 visited England. He was befriended by the Duke of Marlborough at Antwerp, and in 1714 was sent by the Duke on a mission to the Court of Hanover. He held office under George I., but devoted most of his attention to astronomical research, until his death in 1728. Probably The Case of Ireland’s being bound by Acts of Parliament in England stated (1698). Oxford and Bolingbroke. See p. 360. See p. 453. George Ridpath (died 1726), a Whig journalist, of whom Pope (Dunciad, i. 208) wrote—
“To Dulness Ridpath is as dear as Mist.”
He edited the Flying Post for some years, and also wrote for the Medley in 1712. In September William Hurt and Ridpath were arrested for libellous and seditious articles, but were released on bail. On October 23 they appeared before the Court of Queen’s Bench, and were continued on their recognizances. In February 1713 Ridpath was tried and, in spite of an able defence by leading Whig lawyers, was convicted. Sentence was postponed, and when Ridpath failed to appear, as ordered, in April, his recognizances were escheated, and a reward offered for his discovery; but he had fled to Scotland, and from thence to Holland. See p. 456. Lady Orkney’s sister, Barbara Villiers, who married John Berkeley, fourth Viscount Fitz-Hardinge, had been governess to the Duke of Gloucester, Queen Anne’s son. She died in 1708, in her fifty-second year; and on her husband’s death four years later the peerage became extinct. For the street criers, see the Spectator, No. 251. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley.” Endorsed “Nov. 26, just come from Portraine”; and “The band-box plot—D: Hamilton’s murther.” Charles Mohun, fifth Baron Mohun, had been twice arraigned of murder, but acquitted; and during his short but turbulent life he had taken part in many duels. Even Burnet could say nothing in his favour. This duel between the Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262) and Lord Mohun, who had married nieces of Lord Macclesfield, had its origin in a protracted dispute about some property. The challenge came from Lord Mohun, and the combatants fought like “enraged lions.” Tory writers suggested that the duel was a Whig conspiracy to get rid of the Duke of Hamilton (Examiner, Nov. 20, 1712). The whole subject is discussed from the Whig point of view in Boyer’s Political State for 1712, pp. 297–326. “Will” (MS.). See p. 262, note 2. George Maccartney (see pp. 89, 387) fought at Almanza, Malplaquet, and Douay. After the duel, Maccartney escaped to Holland, but on the accession of George I. he returned to England, and was tried for murder (June 1716), when Colonel Hamilton gave evidence against him. Hamilton’s evidence was discredited, and he found it necessary to sell his commission and leave the country. Maccartney was found guilty as an accessory, and “burnt” in the hand. Within a month he was given an appointment in the army; and promoted to be Lieutenant-General. He died in 1730. Colonel John Hamilton, of the Scots Guards. He surrendered himself, and was tried at the Old Bailey on Dec. 12, 1712, when he was found guilty of manslaughter, on two indictments; and on the following day he was “burnt” in the hand. Hamilton died in October 1716, soon after Maccartney’s trial, from a sudden vomiting of blood. “That” (MS.). The story (as told in the Tory Postboy of Nov. 11 to 13) was that on Nov. 4 a bandbox was sent to the Earl of Oxford by post. When he began to open it he saw a pistol, whereupon a gentleman present [Swift] asked for the box, and opening it, by the window, found powder, nails, etc., so arranged that, if opened in the ordinary way, the whole would have been fired, and two barrels discharged different ways. No doubt a box so packed was received, but whether anything serious was intended, or whether it was a hoax, cannot be said with any certainty. The Earl of Oxford is said to have met allusions to the subject with a smile, and Swift seems to have been annoyed at the reports which were put into circulation. “We have received a more particular account relating to the box sent to the Lord Treasurer, as mentioned in our last, which is as follows,” etc. (Evening News, Nov. 11 to 13, 1712). Either A Letter to the People, to be left for them at the Booksellers, with a word or two of the Bandbox Plot (by T. Burnet), 1712, or An Account of the Duel . . ., with Previous Reflections on Sham Plots (by A. Boyer), 1712. Swift’s connection with the Bandbox Plot was ridiculed in the Flying Post for Nov. 20 to 22. Cf. p. 154. This sentence is partially obliterated. Part of this sentence has been obliterated. See p. 427. I have not been able to find a copy of the paper containing Swift’s paragraph. This sentence is partially obliterated. See p. 104. Apparently Humphrey Griffith, who was one of the Commissioners of Salt; but Swift gives the name as “Griffin” throughout. See pp. 25, 461. For these shorter letters Swift folded the folio sheet before writing. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Decr. 18.” Vengeance. Charles Connor, scholar of Trinity College, Dublin, who took his B.A. degree in the same year as Swift (1686), and his M.A. degree in 1691. The History of the Peace of Utrecht. See p. 467, note 6. Lord Oxford’s daughter Elizabeth married, on Dec. 16, 1712, Peregrine Hyde, Marquis of Caermarthen, afterwards third Duke of Leeds (see pp. 226, 417). She died on Nov. 20, 1713, a few days after the birth of a son. Swift called her “a friend I extremely loved.” “Is” (MS.). Disorders. See p. 335. John Francis, Rector of St. Mary’s, Dublin, was made Dean of Leighlin in 1705. See p. 67. Possibly “have.” See p. 468. This clause is omitted by Mr. Ryland. See p. 304. See p. 466. Thomas Jones, Esq., was M.P. for Trim in the Parliament of 1713–4. A Dutch agent employed in the negotiations with Lewis XIV. When I come home. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Jan. 13.” “Ay, marry, this is something like.” The earlier editions give, “How agreeable it is in a morning.” The words in the MS. are partially obliterated. In this letter (Dec. 20, 1712) Swift paid many compliments to the Duchess of Ormond (see p. 160): “All the accomplishments of your mind and person are so deeply printed in the heart, and represent you so lively to my imagination, that I should take it for a high affront if you believed it in the power of colours to refresh my memory.” Tisdall’s Conduct of the Dissenters in Ireland (see p. 517). See pp. 73, 192–3. Monteleon. See pp. 7, 24. Utrecht, North and South Holland, and West Frieseland. See p. 439. See p. 439. On Queen Anne’s Peace. See p. 422. The poem was Dryades, or the Nymph’s Prophecy. See p. 343. See p. 159. Dr. Tobias Pullen (1648–1713) was made Bishop of Dromore in 1695. Lord Charles Douglas, Earl of Selkirk, died unmarried in 1739. When his father, William, first Earl of Selkirk, married Anne, Duchess of Hamilton, the Duchess obtained for her husband, in 1660, the title of Duke of Hamilton, for life. James II. conferred the Earldom of Selkirk on his Grace’s second and younger sons, primogenitively; and the second son having died without issue, the third, Charles, became Earl. The fifth son, George, was created Earl of Orkney (see p. 456). The difference between Lord Selkirk and the Earl of Abercorn (see p. 86) to which Swift alludes was in connection with the claim to the Dukedom of Chatelherault (see p. 426). Heart. This sentence is almost illegible. A reward of £500 was offered by the Crown for Maccartney’s apprehension, and £200 by the Duchess of Hamilton. In the proposed History of the Peace of Utrecht. Mr. Ryland’s reading. Forster has “Iss.” These words are obliterated. Hoist. Cf. “Hoised up the mainsail” (Acts xxvii. 40). It was afterwards found that Miss Ashe was suffering from smallpox. See p. 101. We are told in the Wentworth Papers, p. 268, that the Duchess of Shrewsbury remarked to Lady Oxford, “Madam, I and my Lord are so weary of talking politics; what are you and your Lord?” whereupon Lady Oxford sighed and said she knew no Lord but the Lord Jehovah. The Duchess rejoined, “Oh, dear! Madam, who is that? I believe ’tis one of the new titles, for I never heard of him before.” A thousand merry new years. The words are much obliterated. Lady Anne Hamilton, daughter of James, first Duke of Hamilton, became Duchess on the death of her uncle William, the second Duke, at the battle of Worcester. The quarrel between Oxford and Bolingbroke. See p. 276. Burnet (History, iv. 382) says that the Duc d’Aumont was “a goodnatured and generous man, of profuse expense, throwing handfuls of money often out of his coach as he went about the streets. He was not thought a man of business, and seemed to employ himself chiefly in maintaining the dignity of his character and making himself acceptable to the nation.” Partially obliterated. For the most part illegible. Forster reads, “Go, play cards, and be melly, deelest logues, and rove Pdfr. Nite richar MD, FW oo roves Pdfr. FW lele lele ME ME MD MD MD MD MD MD. MD FW FW FW ME ME FW FW FW FW FW ME ME ME.” On the third page of the paper. See p. 44. To “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Feb. 4.” This sentence is scribbled over. Forster reads the last word as “lastalls,” i.e. rascals, but it seems rather to be “ledles.” Dr. Peter Brown was appointed Bishop of Cork in 1709. See p. 26. See p. 23. See p. 24, note 4. Dr. H. Humphreys, Bishop of Hereford, died on Nov. 20, 1712. His successor was Dr. Philip Bisse (1667–1721), Bishop of St. David’s (see p. 14). Thomas Keightley, a Commissioner of the Great Seal in Ireland. Nearly obliterated. Mr. Ryland reads, “deelest MD.” See p. 480. In the Examiner for Jan. 5 to 9, 1712[–13], there is an account of the game of Similitudes. One person thinks of a subject, and the others, not knowing what it is, name similitudes, and when the subject is proclaimed, must make good the comparisons. On the occasion described, the subject chosen was Faction. The prize was given to a Dutchman, who argued that Faction was like butter, because too much fire spoiled its consistency. Earl Poulett (see p. 190). “Say” (MS.). Dr. Pratt.
See p. 120. This sentence is partially obliterated. See pp. 305, 308. Cf. the account of Beatrix’s feelings on the death of the Duke in Esmond, book iii. chaps. 6 and 7. See p. 195. “Her Majesty is all goodness and tenderness to her people and her Allies. She has now prorogued the best Parliament that ever assembled in her reign and respited her own glory, and the wishes, prayers, and wants of her people, only to give some of her Allies an opportunity to think of the returns they owe her, and try if there be such a thing as gratitude, justice, or humanity in Europe. The conduct of Her Majesty is without parallel. Never was so great a condescension made to the unreasonable clamours of an insolent faction now dwindled to the most contemptible circumstances.”—Examiner, Jan. 12–16, 1712[–13]. Mr. Collins’s Discourse of Freethinking, put into plain English by way of Abstract, for the use of the Poor, an ironical pamphlet on Arthur Collins’s Discourse of Freethinking, 1713. The History of the Peace of Utrecht. A line here has been erased. Forster imagined that he read, “Nite dear MD, drowsy drowsy dear.” Hereford. Very well. Sentence obliterated. Forster professes to read, “Pay can oo walk oftener—oftener still?” See p. 480. Dr. Bisse, translated from St. David’s. See pp. 176, 489. To “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Febr. 26.” See p. 494. See p. 271. See p. 468. A result of confusion between Erasmus Lewis and Henry Lewis, a Hamburg merchant. See Swift’s paper in the Examiner of Jan. 30 to Feb. 2, reprinted in his Works under the title, “A Complete Refutation of the Falsehoods alleged against Erasmus Lewis, Esq.” Lord Dupplin (see p. 30) had been created Baron Hay in December 1711. A composition of inflammable materials. Assessors. See p. 36. See p. 499. See p. 439. See pp. 10, 381, 413. Dr. Bisse. See p. 326. Forster reads, “something.” Hardly legible. See p. 52. Stella’s brother-in-law (See pp. 471, 473). Forster guesses, “Oo are so ’recise; not to oor health.” For “poo Ppt’s.” Mr. Ryland reads, “people’s.” See p. 478. See p. 483. See p. 132. Obliterated; Forster’s reading. Writing in October 1713, Lord Berkeley of Stratton told Lord Strafford of “a fine prank of the widow Lady Jersey” (see p. 281). “It is well known her lord died much in debt, and she, after taking upon her the administration, sold everything and made what money she could, and is run away into France without paying a farthing of the debts, with only one servant and unknown to all her friends, and hath taken her youngest son, as ’tis supposed to make herself a merit in breeding him a papist. My Lord Bolingbroke sent after her, but too late, and they say the Queen hath writ a letter with her own hand to the King of France to send back the boy” (Wentworth Papers, p. 357). See also p. 538 below. I am not sure whether in the present passage Swift is referring to the widow or the younger Lady Jersey (see p. 326). Sir Thomas Clarges, Bart. (died 1759), M.P. for Lostwithiel, married Barbara, youngest daughter of John Berkeley, fourth Viscount Fitz-Hardinge, and of Barbara Villiers (see p. 466), daughter of Sir Edward Villiers. See pp. 428, 447. Altered from “11” in the MS. It is not certain where the error in the dates began; but the entry of the 6th must be correctly dated, because the Feb. 6 was the Queen’s Birthday. See pp. 422, 479. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Mar. 7.” See p. 27. Sedan chairs were then comparatively novel (see Gay’s Trivia). Some words obliterated. Forster reads, “Nite MD, My own deelest MD.” Peter Wentworth wrote to Lord Strafford, on Feb. 17, 1713, “Poor Mr. Harrison is very much lamented; he died last Saturday. Dr. Swift told me that he had told him . . . he owed about £300, and the Queen owed him £500, and that if you or some of your people could send an account of his debts, that I might give it to him, he would undertake to solicit Lord Treasurer and get this £500, and give the remainder to his mother and sister” (Wentworth Papers, 320). George St. John (eldest son of Sir Harry St. John by his second marriage) was Secretary to the English Plenipotentiaries at Utrecht. He died at Venice in 1716 (Lady Cowper’s Diary, 65). Forster wrongly reads, “poor.” “Putt” (MS.). See p. 506. Montagu Bertie, second Earl of Abingdon (died 1743), was a strong Tory. See p. 102. These friends were together again on an expedition to Bath in 1715, when Jervas wrote to Pope (Aug. 12, 1715) that Arbuthnot, Disney, and he were to meet at Hyde Park Corner, proceed to Mr. Hill’s at Egham, meet Pope next day, and then go to Lord Stawell’s to lodge the night. Lord Stawell’s seat, Aldermaston, was seventeen miles from Binfield. See p. 153. “I” (MS.). Obliterated. Forster reads, “devil,” and Mr. Ryland, “bitch.” See p. 393. Victor Marie, duc d’EstrÉes, Marshal of France (died 1727). See 471. Several words are obliterated. Forster reads, “the last word, God ’give me”; but “’give me” is certainly wrong. See p. 69. Sir Thomas Hanmer married, in 1698, at the age of twenty-two, Isabella, Dowager Duchess of Grafton, daughter of Henry, Earl of Arlington, and Countess of Arlington in her own right. Hanmer was not made Secretary of State, but he succeeded Bromley as Speaker of the House of Commons. William Fitzmaurice (see pp. 91, 263) entered Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating on March 10, 1712–13, at the age of eighteen. See p. 89. William Bromley, second son of Bromley the Speaker (see p. 76), was a boy of fourteen at this time. In 1727 he was elected M.P. for Warwick, and he died in 1737, shortly after being elected Member for Oxford University. See 133. Sometimes “list” means to border or edge; at others, to sew together, so as to make a variegated display, or to form a border. Probably it here means the curling of the bottom of the wig. The last eight words have been much obliterated, and the reading is doubtful. Lady Henrietta Hyde, second daughter of Laurence Hyde, first Earl of Rochester (see p. 60), married James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith, son of the Duke of Monmouth. Lord Dalkeith died in 1705, leaving a son, who succeeded his grandmother (Monmouth’s widow) as second Duke of Buccleuch. Lady Catherine Hyde (see p. 293) was a younger sister of Lady Dalkeith. Swift first wrote “I frequent.” See p. 456. D’EstrÉes. Little (almost illegible). Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Mar. 27.” See p. 10. Formerly Lady Rialton (see p. 392). See p. 490. See pp. 95, 405. Pun on “gambol.” See p. 478. See p. 401. “Upon Tuesday last, the house where His Grace the late Duke of Hamilton and Brandon lived was hired for that day, where there was a fine ball and entertainment; and it is reported in town, that a great lady, lately gone to travel, left one hundred guineas, with orders that it should be spent in that manner, and in that house” (Postboy, Feb. 26–28, 1712–13). The “great lady” was, presumably, the Duchess of Marlborough. See pp. 357, 397. Trinity College, Dublin. See p. 512. See p. 357. Dr. Pratt, Provost of Trinity College. Obliterated, and doubtful. A deal at cards, that draws the whole tricks. Previous editors have misread “Trevor” as “Treasurer.” Thomas Trevor, Chief-Justice of the Common Pleas, was created Baron Trevor, of Bromham, in January 1712. By commission of March 9, 1713, he occupied the woolsack during the illness of the Lord Keeper, Harcourt. This is the only reference to Pope in the Journal. In his Windsor Forest the young poet assisted the Tories by his reference to the peace of Utrecht, then awaiting ratification. Several words have been obliterated. Forster reads, “Rove Pdfr, poo Pdfr, Nite MD MD MD,” but this is more than the space would contain. William Oldisworth (1680–1734), a Tory journalist and pamphleteer, who published various works, including a translation of the Iliad. He died in a debtors’ prison. Some words obliterated. The reading is Forster’s, and seems to be correct. Susan Armine, elder daughter of Sir William Armine, Bart., of Osgodby, Lincolnshire, was created a life peeress in 1674, as Baroness Belasyse of Osgodby. She died March 6, 1713. Her first husband was the Honourable Sir Henry Belasyse, son and heir of John, Baron Belasyse, of Worlaby; and her second, Mr. Fortney, of Chequers. See p. 48. A word before “Ppt” is illegible. Forster’s reading, “yes,” does not seem right. In November 1711 it was reported that Miss Kingdom was privately married to Lord Conway (Wentworth Papers, 207), but this was not the case. Lord Conway was a widower in 1713, but he married an Irish lady named Bowden. Forster reads, “Nite, my own dee sollahs. Pdfr roves MD”; but the last three words, at least, do not seem to be in the MS. Probably the Bishop of Raphoe’s son (see p. 289). What. As Master of the Savoy. William Burgh was Comptroller and Accountant-General for Ireland from 1694 to 1717, when his patent was revoked. He was succeeded by Eustace Budgell. William Paget, sixth Lord Paget, died in March 1713, aged seventy-six. He spent a great part of his life as Ambassador at Vienna and Constantinople. Pocket. Forster reads, “Lele lele logues”; Mr. Ryland, “Lele lele . . . ” Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Apr. 13.” Esther Johnson’s brother-in-law, Filby (see p. 471). Earl Poulett (see p. 190). Francis Annesley, M.P. for Westbury. His colleague in the representation of that borough was Henry Bertie (third son of James, Earl of Abingdon), who married Earl Poulett’s sister-in-law, Anthony Henley’s widow (see p. 117). “Has” (MS.). A dozen words are erased. The reading is Forster’s, and appears to be correct. The British Ambassadress’s Speech to the French King. The printer was sent to the pillory and fined. The Examiner (vol. iii. No. 35) said that Swift—“a gentleman of the first character for learning, good sense, wit, and more virtues than even they can set off and illustrate”—was not the author of that periodical. “Out of pure regard to justice, I strip myself of all the honour that lucky untruth did this paper.” A purgative electuary. Bargains. Three or four words illegible. Forster reads, “Nite, nite, own MD.” Forster reads, “devil’s brood”; probably the second word is “bawd:” Cf. p. 510. Several “moving pictures,” mostly brought from Germany, were on view in London at about this time. See Tatler, No. 129, and Gay’s Fables, No. 6. See p. 43. “Mr. Charles Grattan, afterwards master of a free school at Enniskillen” (Scott). So given in the MS. Forster suggests that it is a mistake for “wood.” See p. 271. It is probable that this is Pope’s friend, William Cleland, who died in 1741, aged sixty-seven. William Cleland served in Spain under Lord Rivers, but was not a Colonel, though he seems to have been a Major. Afterwards he was a Commissioner of Customs in Scotland and a Commissioner of the Land Tax in England. Colonel Cleland cannot, as Scott suggested (Swift’s Works, iii. 142, xviii. 137–39, xix. 8), have been the son of the Colonel William Cleland, Covenanter and poet, who died in 1689, at the age of twenty-eight. William Cleland allowed his name to be appended to a letter of Pope’s prefixed to the Dunciad, and Pope afterwards described him as “a person of universal learning, and an enlarged conversation; no man had a warmer heart for his friends, or a sincerer attachment to the constitution of his country.” Swift, referring to this letter, wrote to Pope, “Pray tell me whether your Colonel (sic) Cleland be a tall Scots gentleman, walking perpetually in the Mall, and fastening upon everybody he meets, as he has often done upon me?” (Pope’s Works, iv. 48, vii. 214). Henry Grey, Lord Lucas (died 1741), who became twelfth Earl of Kent in 1702, was made Duke of Kent in 1710. He held various offices under George I. and George II. Forster found, among the MSS. at Narford, the “lie” thus prepared for All Fools’ Day. Richard Noble, an attorney, ran away with a lady who was the wife of John Sayer and daughter of Admiral Nevill; and he killed Sayer on the discovery of the intrigue. The incident was made use of by Hogarth in the fifth scene of “Marriage a la Mode.” See p. 23. See p. 100. Charles XII. “Is” (MS.). Cibber says that he saw four acts of Cato in 1703; the fifth act, according to Steele, was written in less than a week. The famous first performance was on April 14, 1713. The first number of the Guardian appeared on March 12, and the paper was published daily until Oct. 1, 1713. Pope, Addison, and Berkeley were among the contributors. See p. 456. See p. 389. The first preached after the period of his suspension by the House of Lords. It was delivered at St. Saviour’s, Southwark, before his installation at St. Andrew’s, and was published with the title, The Christian’s Triumph, or the Duty of praying for our Enemies. Swift’s curate at Laracor. Richard Gorges (died 1728) was eldest son and heir of Dr. Robert Gorges, of Kilbrue, County Meath, by Jane, daughter of Sir Arthur Loftus, and sister of Adam, Viscount Lisburne. He was appointed Adjutant-General of the Forces in Ireland 1697, Colonel of a new Regiment of Foot 1703, Major-General of the Forces 1707, and Lieutenant-General 1710 (Dalton’s Army Lists, iii. 75). See p. 510. Mrs. Oldfield. See p. 473. Never saw the like. See p. 460. The remainder has been partially obliterated. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “May 4.” Lord Cholmondeley (see p. 357). Harcourt. Forster’s reading; the last two words are doubtful. See p. 52. Francis Palmes, who was wounded at Blenheim, was made a Lieutenant-General in 1709. In 1707 he was elected M.P. for West Loo; in 1708 he was sent as Envoy Extraordinary to the Duke of Savoy, and in 1710 to Vienna. Apparently “so heed.” Henry Villiers (died 1743), second son of the first Earl of Jersey and of Barbara, daughter of William Chiffinch (see p. 281). See p. 520. The Speech and Address are in the Commons’ Journals, xvii. 278, 280. For the draft Address, in Swift’s handwriting, see the Portland Papers (1899), v. 276. Scoffed, jeered. Dr. Gastrell (see p. 238). George Berkeley, afterwards Bishop of Cloyne, but then a young man of twenty-eight, came to London in January 1713. He was already known by his New Theory of Vision and Treatise on the Principles of Human Knowledge, and he brought with him his Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous. Steele was among the first to welcome him, and he soon made the acquaintance of Addison, Pope, and Swift. On March 27, Berkeley wrote to Sir John Perceval of the breach between Swift and the Whigs: “Dr. Swift’s wit is admired by both of them [Addison and Steele], and indeed by his greatest enemies, and . . . I think him one of the best-matured and agreeable men in the world.” In November 1713 Swift procured for Berkeley the chaplaincy and secretaryship to Lord Peterborough, the new Envoy to Sicily. Forster reads, “all oo sawcy Ppt can say oo may see me”; but the words are illegible. Possibly “see,” written in mistake for “say.” “J” (MS.). Obliterated. Forster imagined that he read, “Nite dee logues. Poo Mr.” There were two General Hamiltons at this time; probably Swift’s acquaintance was Gustavus Hamilton (1639–1723), who was created Viscount Boyne in 1717. Hamilton distinguished himself at the battle of the Boyne and the capture of Athlone, and was made Brigadier-General in 1696, and Major General in 1703. He took part in the siege of Vigo, and was made a member of the Privy Council in 1710. See p. 427. The History of the Peace of Utrecht. This is Forster’s reading, and appears to be correct. The last word, which he gives as “iss truly,” is illegible. Belonging to Ireland. See p. 391. Another excellent reading of Forster’s. I cannot decipher the last word, which he gives as “dee rogues.” Sentence obliterated. The number at the beginning of each entry in the Journal. Mr. Ryland’s reading. Forster has “morning, dee.” Dr. Thomas Lindsay (see p. 43). I think the “MD” is right, though Forster gives “M.” The “Pr” is probably an abbreviation of “Pdfr.” The last three lines have been obliterated. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “May 22.” Illegible. Forster reads, “and dee deelest Ppt.” The last few words have been partially obliterated. Am very angry. The last word is scribbled over. The History of the Peace of Utrecht. The signature has been cut off. Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Chester Letter.” “Others” (MS.). See pp. 86, 301. See p. 46.
