Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 1 / Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy

Table of Contents

		PAGE
List of Illustrations		xiii
Foreword		xix
Chapter I: Terrestrial Globes in Antiquity		1
	The beginnings of astronomical and of geographical science.—Primitive attempts at map construction, as seen in the Babylonian plan of the world.—Anaximander probably the first scientific cartographer.—Statements of Herodotus.—The place of Hecataeus, Hipparchus, Marinus, Ptolemy.—The Romans as map makers.—The earliest beliefs in a globular earth.—Thales, the Pythagoreans, Aristotle.—Eratosthenes and his measurements of the earth.—Crates probably the first to construct a terrestrial globe.—Statements of Strabo.—Ptolemy’s statements concerning globes and globe construction.—The allusions of Pliny.
Chapter II: Celestial Globes in Antiquity		14
	Thales’ ideas, probably not a globe maker.—Eudoxus.—The Atlante Farnese.—Archimedes.—Allusion of Lactantius.—Pappus’ allusions.—Armillary spheres.—The astronomer Hipparchus.—Ptolemy.—Globes used for decorative purposes by the Romans.—Roman coins.—The Byzantine Leontius Mechanicus.
Chapter III: Globes Constructed by the Arabs		26
	Followers of Ptolemy.—Early armillary spheres.—Interest of the Califs in globes and astronomical instruments.—The record of the ‘Fihrist.’—Ibrahim.—Caissar.—Mohammed ben Helal.—Mohammed el Ordhi.—The Paris globes.—Ridhwan Efendi.
Chapter IV: Terrestrial and Celestial Globes in the Christian Middle Ages		35
	General attitude of the period toward the theories of the Greeks and the Romans.—Scripture statements as sources of information.—Inclination of certain early writers to accept the doctrine of a spherical earth.—The particular attitude of Pope Sylvester II.—The assertedx interest of Emperor Frederick II in scientific studies.—Alfonso the Wise and the Alfonsian tables.—Interesting allusions in Alfonso’s work to globes and globe construction.—Giovanni Campano of Novara and the statements in his ‘Tractatis de sphera solida.’—The attitude of Albertus Magnus, Sacrobosco, Roger Bacon, Vincent of Beauvais, Dante.
Chapter V: Globes Constructed in the Early Years of the Great Geographical Discoveries		46
	Increasing interest in geographical discovery and maritime enterprise in the fourteenth and the fifteenth century.—Awakened interest in globe construction.—Martin Behaim and his globe of the year 1492.—The Laon globe.—Christopher and Bartholomew Columbus and their interest in globes.—John Cabot and his globe.—Globes of Johannes StÖffler.—Conrad Celtes and his part in arousing an interest in globes.
Chapter VI: Globes of the Early Sixteenth Century		59
	Summary of fifteenth century globe characteristics.—Increasing interest in globes—Globes of Pope Julius II.—Friar Marco da Benevento.—Importance of the Rosselli family of Florence.—The globe of Barnaba Canti.—Friar Giuliano Vannelli.—Interest of Trithemius in globes.—The Bunau globe.—WaldseemÜller’s map and globe.—Liechtenstein globes.—BÜchlin reference.—Globus Mundi.—Welt Kugel.—Lenox globe.—Jagellonicus globe.—Hauslab.—Green globe of Paris.—NordenskiÖld gores.—So-called Leonardo da Vinci gores.—Boulengier gores.—Acton globes.—Globes of Magellan and of del Cano.—Globes of SchÖner.
Chapter VII: Globes of the Second Quarter of the Sixteenth Century		94
	Globes indicating (a) an Asiatic connection of the New World, (b) globes expressing a doubt of such Old World connection, (c) globes showing an independent position of the New World.—Franciscus Monachus.—Hakluyt’s reference.—The Gilt globe.—Parmentier.—Francesco Libri.—Nancy globe.—Globes of Gemma Frisius.—Robertus de Bailly.—SchÖner globe of 1533—-Schiepp.—Furtembach.—Paris Wooden globe.—Vopel globes.—Santa Cruz.—Hartmann gores.—Important globe of Ulpius.—Cardinal Bembo’s globes.—Mercator’s epoch-making activity.—Fracastro.—Ramusio’s references to globes.—Gianelli.—Florence celestial globe.
Chapter VIII: Globes and Globe Makers of the Third Quarter of the Sixteenth Century		146xi
	Revival of interest in globe making in Italy.—FranÇois De Mongenet of France and the reprint of his globe maps in Italy.—Gore map of Antonius Florianus.—Globe records left by Alessandro Piccolomini.—Ruscelli’s directions for globe construction.—Reference to the work of Sanuto and Gonzaga.—Armillary sphere of Volpaja.—Excellent workmanship in the celestial-terrestrial globe of Christian Heyden.—Metal globes of Johannes Praetorius.—Vasari’s reference to the work of Ignazio Danti.—The iron globe of Francisco Basso.—Armillary sphere of Giovanni Barrocci.—The work of Hieronymo de Boncompagni.—Emanuele Filiberto.—Anonymous globe of 1575.—Laurentian armillary spheres.—Small globes of the Biblioteca Nationale of Florence.—Mario Cartaro.
Chapter IX: Globes and Globe Makers of the Last Quarter of the Sixteenth Century		172
	Brief summary of sixteenth-century globe making.—The close of the century introducing us to the great Dutch globe makers.—The clock maker Dasypodius.—Peter and Philip Apianus.—The armillary sphere of Carlus Platus.—Roll and Reinhold.—Tycho Brahe and his influence.—Titon du Tillet.—The terrestrial globe of Rouen.—Globes of Emery Molyneux.—Globes of BÜrgi.—ZÜrich globe.—Beaker globes.—Ivory globe of Antonio Spano.—The Van Langren globes.—Santucci.—B. F. globe of Dresden.

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