Walter William Skeat

Abduction of the soul, 49, 50, 568–573, 574–579;
of women, 394–396

Adolescence, ceremonies at, 352–361;
hair-cutting at, 353–355;
tooth-filing at, 355–359;
ear-boring at, 559;
circumcision at, 360, 361

Air, charms connected with the, 107–109

Anchak (sacrificial tray), 76, 225, 260, 270, 310–313, 414–423, 432, 433

Angels, 98, 99

Animals, see Beasts, Birds, Fish, Reptiles

Animism, 47–54, 579, 580;
see Soul

Astrological calculations, 544–555

Badi (mischiefs, evil influences), origin and number of, 94, 428, 429;
casting out, 155, 156, 177, 178, 427–436

Bajang (vampire), 320–325

Bamboo, supernatural development of children, etc., in, 16–18;
superstition regarding use of, 116;
used in fire-production, 317, 318;
used in circumcision, 360

Bananas, time for planting, 217

Batara Guru, 85–92

Bathing, ceremonial, 81, 277, 278, 334, 335, 338 (note), 385, 387, 399–401, 424, 431, 465

Bear, legends about the, 183–187;
his enmity towards the tiger, 183, 184

Beasts, ideas about, 52, 53, 141–193;
souls of, 52, 53;
legendary, human origin of, 53, 151–153, 158, 159;
sacred and tutelary, 68, 70, 153, 163–166, 283;
superstitious dread of the larger, 149, 150;
evil influences in dead, 155, 156, 177, 178

Beating, expulsion of evil influences by, 22, 155, 177

Bee-trees, 202–204

Bees, an unlucky omen, 535

Betrothal ceremonies, 364–368

Bezoar stones, magic properties and use of, 274–277, 425, 426, 441

Bidan (midwife), ceremonies connected with engagement of, 332, 333

Birds, ideas about, 109–141;
supernatural or mythical, 110, 111;
nocturnal, 111, 112;
of ill omen, 111, 112, 123, 124;
legendary, human origin of, 121–123, 126, 129–131;
lucky, 124, 125;
nests, 127, 128;
decoy, 132–141

Birth ceremonies, 332–352;
taboos, 343–346, 348–351

Birth-spirits or vampires, 320–331, 334

Bisnu (Vishnu), 85, 86 (note), 87, 545, 546

Black divinity, 92

Black King of the Genii, 93–96

Blinding by magic, 155, 310

Blood, supposed colour of royal, 18 (note), 37;
offered to spirits, 143, 144, 232, 233, 416

Bloodsucking demons, see Birth-spirits

Bloodsucking snail, 306

Blue, rare use of, 51 (note)

Boar, ideas about the wild, 188, 189

Boats, used to carry away evil spirits, 235, 413, 414, 433–436

Body, theories about the constitution of the human, 22, 23;
sanctity of the, 23–46

Bomor, see Magicians, Medicine

Bores, cause of, 10, 11

Bracelet used as a protection against spirits, 321

Brahma, 85, 86 (note), 545, 546

Brides, 353–355, 368–396

Buffalo, mythical, supporting the world, 5, 6;
used for sacrifices, 189;
preferred to the ox or cow, ib.;
white, origin of, 190;
fights, 469–474

Building ceremonies, 141–147

Bullets, charmed, 524, 525

Burial, 403–407

Calendar, division of the, 545–555

Camphor, mode of obtaining, 212–214;
spirit, propitiation of the, ib.

Card games, 487–493

Caterpillar, transformation of, into the squirrel, 190

Cats, ideas and legends about, 108, 190–192;
powers of transformation of, 191;
evil principle in, 191, 398;
not allowed on mines, 254;
turned out of doors when a death occurs, 398

Caucasus, mountains of, 1, 2

Caves, haunted, 14

Celts (stone weapons), ideas about, 276, 277

Chandrawasih, mythical bird, 110, 111

Charms, to the soul, 47–49;
to acquire magic, 61;
to incense, 75, 76;
used with rice-paste, 81;
to the Black Genie, 94;
to the Sea-spirit, 98;
to the Hantu Songkei, 105;
to the wind, 107, 108;
to stop rain, 109;
against the Spectre Huntsman, 117–120;
fowling, 132, 135–141;
in selecting a site, 142;
in building, 145;
elephant, 150, 153, 156;
tiger, 167, 168;
deer, 171, 174–179;
mouse-deer, 180, 181;
connected with dogs, 181–183;
bee-trees, 204;
eagle-wood, 210;
gutta-percha, 215;
cocoa-nut, 216, 217;
sowing, 229;
reaping, 238–240, 243, 245, 247, 250;
mining, 265–273;
boat, 279, 280;
crocodile, 284, 285, 296–301;
fishing, 315–317;
fire, 318;
Langsuir, 326, 327;
Pontianak, 327;
protecting, 361;
beautifying, 363;
medical, 410–414, 423–427, 430–436, 439, 449, 450, 452–456;
theatrical, 505–509;
used in war, 522, 523;
used in soul-abduction and the black art, 569–578

Chastity, observance of, 59, 269, 315, 524

Chess, game of, 485, 486

Children, supernatural development of, etc., in bamboos, 16–18;
in foam, 18, 19;
ideas and customs connected with, 127, 128, 274, 320–352

Children’s games, 494–503

Chintamani, the lucky snake, 111 (note), 303, 506

Circumcision, 360, 361

Clairvoyance, 538, 539

Cobra, ideas about the, 303

Cocoa-nut palm, charms connected with the, 216, 217;
rules for planting the, 218

Cocoa-nut pearls, 195–197

Cock-fighting, 475–483;
rules of, 481

Cocks, fighting, different kinds of, 479, 480

Coffins, kinds of, 399

Colour, mystic importance of, 30, 33, 34, 51, 60, 155, 156, 237, 256, 416, 420, 421, 431, 433, 481, 482, 545–548, 557, 568, 569

Compass, aspect-, divination by, 558–561

Corpses, superstitions about, 398, 406

Cows, objection to the flesh of, 189

Crab, mythical, the cause of tides, 7, 92

Creation of the world, 1–5;
of man, 16–22

Crocodile, sacred, 68, 283;
spirit, 89, 286, 435;
legends of origin of the, 282–286;
other ideas about the, 286–302; varieties of, 288;
man-eating, 289–291;
escapes from the, 291;
number of stomachs of the, 292;
catching the, 293–302;
charms connected with the, 296–301

Cucumbers, times for planting, 217, 218

Cycles of years, 554

Dances, 457–468;
ceremonial character of, 464;
the Joget, 458–463;
the Gambor, 464, 465;
the Monkey dance, 465;
the Dabus, 466;
the Palm-blossom, 466–468;
the Fish-trap, 468

Dancing girls, costumes of, 460, 461, 464

Days, lucky and unlucky, 545–550

Dead, graves of the sainted, 62, 64–70, 163, 405;
malignant spirits of the, 103, 325, 327–329;
disposal of the, 397–408

Deer, theory about the origin of the, 170, 171;
hunting, 171–179;
charms connected with, 171, 174–179

Deities, 85–93, 545, 546

Demons, 93–106;
see also Birth-spirits, Genii, Ghosts, Spectre Huntsman, Spirits

Dew, origin of, 4

Dewa (deities), 88 (note)

Divination, used by the tiger, 159, 160;
to ascertain a child’s horoscope, 333;
for medical purposes, 409–414;
various forms of, 535–561;
thieves discovered by, 537–542;
with magic squares, 555–558;
with aspect-compasses, 558–561

Diving, ordeal by, 542–544

Divining rod, 542

Dogs, hunting, 181, 182;
lucky, 182; unlucky, 183;
wild, 183

Dragon, mythical, surrounding the world, 6;
dragons, the cause of floods and eclipses, 10–12;
associated with mountains, 13, 14;
the cause of landslips, 14;
as aspect-compasses, 146, 561

Dreams, omens from, 142, 144, 305, 562, 563;
legend illustrating the importance attached to, 563–566

Dress, description of an old-time raja’s, 29–32;
taboos connected with, 33, 34;
of dancing girls, 460, 461, 464;
of actors, 517–521

Dugong, ideas about the, 307, 308

Durian, ideas and ceremonies connected with the, 197–199

Eagle-wood, ideas about, 206–212

Ear-boring ceremony, 45, 46, 359

Earth, creation of the, 1–5;
navel of the, 3;
theories of the shape and position of the, 5, 6;
legend about the heart of the, 19–21

Earthquakes, cause of, 5

Earth-spirit, propitiating the, 230–233, 506, 507

Eclipses, cause of, 11–13;
precautions taken by pregnant women during, 350–352

Eel, origin of the, 308

Elephant, tusks, the royal right to, 35;
superstitious dread of the, 149–151;
towns, 151–153;
princess, 152, 153;
ghost or sacred, 153;
other ideas about the, 153, 154;
hunting the, 155, 156

Evil eye, 534

Evil influences, see Badi, Spirits

Fairies, good, 105, 106

Fasting, places for, 71; rules of, 81, 82

Feasts, 42, 74

Fighting cocks, different kinds of, 479, 480

Fights, buffalo, 468–474;
cock, 475–483

Figures, mystic, used in divination, 555–561

Finger, reason of length of middle, 20;
staining with henna, 375–377, 388, 389, 392

Fire, production of, 317, 318;
charms, 318;
lustration by, 319, 342, 343

Firmament, ideas about the, 5

First-fruits, ceremonial treatment of, 225, 226, 235–249

Fish, ideas about the origin of, 187, 306–309;
powers of transformation of, 191, 192, 310;
ceremonies connected with catching, 310–317;
taboos connected with, 314, 315;
charms, 315–317

Fishermen, superstitious ideas of, 192

Five times, system of the, 545–547

Five moments, system of the, 547, 548

Floods, cause of, 10

Flute, magic, 25, 27

Foam, child found in, 18, 19

Food offered to spirits, 76, 231–233, 268, 280, 311–314, 415–424, 432–434

Football, 483

Fowling, ceremonies connected with, 132–141

Funerals, 34, 397–408

Gabriel, the archangel, 3, 19–21, 98, 425

Games, 483–503;
card, 487–493;
children’s, 494–503

Garuda or Gerda, mythical bird, 110

Genii, number and origin of the, 93–97;
black king of the, 93–95;
white genie, 95, 96;
Solomon, king of the, 99

Gharu, see Eagle-wood

Ghosts, various kinds of, 101–105;
ghost tigers, 63, 163–166;
ghost elephants, 153;
see also Demons, Spectre Huntsman, Spirits

Giants, 105

Goats, sacrificial killing of, 43, 74, 143, 232, 262, 312

God, the name of, objectionable to spirits, 271

Gods, 83–93, 545, 546

Gold, recipe for turning brass into, 188;
spirit of, 251, 271;
ore, 271, 272

Grass, origin of, 4

Grave-stones, ideas about, 66, 405

Ground pigeon, legends about the, 126, 127, 190

Gutta-percha, charms connected with, 215

Hair, ideas and ceremonies connected with, 44, 45, 244, 341, 342, 344, 345, 353–355, 524, 570

Harvest, rice, 225–228, 235–249;
taboos connected with, 225–228, 244, 248

Hatred, charm to cause, 573, 574

Head, sanctity of the, 43–45;
compressing the, 337;
shaving the, 341, 342

Heart of the earth, 19–21

Heavens, creation of the, 3–5

Heron, ideas about the, 124, 125

High places or holy places, 61–71, 81

Hinduism, influence of, 2–4, 84–91, 189, 545, 546

Hornbills, legends about various kinds of, 125, 129, 130

House, selection of a site for a, 141–143;
rules for building a, 143–147

Human origin of animals, plants, etc., 53–55, 121, 122, 126, 127, 129, 130, 151, 152, 158, 159, 170, 171, 185–187, 285, 286, 308, 318

Hunting, elephant, 155, 156;
tiger, 166–168;
deer, 172–179;
mouse-deer, 179–181;
dogs, 181, 182

Huntsman, spectre, 91;
legend of the, 112–120;
charms against the, 117–120;
the wild jungle dogs, the pack of the, 183 (note)

Illness, attributed to the agency of spirits, 64, 65, 91, 92, 116, 117, 120, 322–325, 330, 410–456, 505–509, 573

Images for harming people, 45, 413, 430, 569–574;
for recalling lost souls, 49, 452, 453;
intended to attract spirits, 72, 417, 432, 433, 438, 464

Incense, ceremonial burning of, 60, 61, 65, 67, 75, 76, 78, 142, 144, 149, 172, 207, 208, 219, 221, 225, 232, 239, 240, 242, 244, 268, 270, 312, 376, 410–413, 417–420, 440, 465, 467, 504, 511, 537, 570, 572, 575–577;
invocations to, 75, 76, 410

Invocations, see Charms

Iron, magic use of, 225, 232, 236, 237, 273, 274, 338, 398, 429, 454–456

Jambu Agai or Rakai, see Sambu

Jembalang, 97, 98

Jintayu, mythical bird, 110

Justice, Malay, 187, 188

Ka?bah, pillar of the, 3

Kaf (or Kof), mountains of, 1, 2

Kala, 85, 86 (note), 89–91, 545, 546

King, see Raja

Kingfisher, fable about the, 131

Kinta, mining district of, 251–253

Kite-flying, 484, 485

Korinchi were-tigers, 161–163

Kramat (holy) places, 61–71;
mixed character of, 62–64, 69–70;
guarded by sacred animals, 63, 68, 70, 71, 153, 163–165;
oaths taken at, 64;
see Sacred animals

K’ris, the national weapon, 26, 33;
rules for damasking and measuring the, 526–530;
drawing water from a, 531

K’ris-hilts, shape of, 4 (note)

Lanchang (spirit boat), 235, 413, 414, 433–436

Landslips, cause of, 14

Langsuir (vampire), 320, 325–327

Language, special, appropriated to royalty, 35;
other language taboos and figurative language, 139, 140, 192, 193, 206, 208, 212, 254, 255, 269, 271, 315, 523, 524

Leaves, magic use of, 78–80, 155, 172, 208, 221, 232, 236, 312, 313, 334, 355, 376, 411, 412, 414, 419, 429, 431, 437, 445

Legends, of the creation of the world, 1–5;
of the buffalo supporting the world, 5, 6;
of the tree Pauh Janggi and the petrified pilgrim, 7–10;
of the man in the moon, 13;
of Bujang Malaka and Gunong Pondok, 13, 14;
of the Raja of the bamboo, 16–18;
of the child in the foam, 18, 19;
of the creation of man, 19–22;
of Megat Sajobang, 54, 55;
of Nakhoda Hussin, 63;
of ’Toh Bidan Susu Lanjut, 66;
of Raja ?Abdullah, 68, 69;
of ’Toh Kamarong, 70, 71;
of the Princess of Mount Ophir, 71, 82 (note), 158 (note), 163–166, 363;
of the Spectre Huntsman, 91, 112–120;
of the origin of the genii, 93–96;
of the archangels, 98;
of the prophets, 99;
of fairies, 106;
of birds, 110–112, 121–132;
of the founding of Perak, 147–149;
of beasts, 151–155, 158–166, 171, 184–187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 254, 318, 319;
of the stick-insect, 201;
of trees, 205;
of the Perak river, 281, 282;
of reptiles, 282–286;
of fish, 306–309;
of vampires, 320–331;
of the origin of Badi, 427–429;
of Magat Terawis, 524, 525;
of ’Che Puteh Jambai, 563–566

Licking, casting out evil influences by, 443

Lime-tree, the object of a special cult, 205, 206

Limes, not allowed on mines, 254, 255, 264;
used for ceremonial washing, 278, 400, 431;
used in soul-abduction, 575

Love-charms, 362 (note), 566, 568, 577

Lucky snakes, 111 (note), 303, 506;
birds, 124, 125;
dogs, 182;
weapons, 524–531;
days and times, 545–561

Lustration, by water, 77–81, 277–279, 347, 348, 387;
by fire, 77, 342–344;
see also Bathing, Rice-paste

Magic, sympathetic, 82, 108 (note), 161 (note), 213, 217, 241, 248, 310, 323, 355, 570–573;
squares, 555–558

Magicians or Pawangs, significance of, 56;
prerogatives of, 57;
possessing familiar spirits, 59;
mode of acquiring the powers of, 60, 61;
exorcising spirits, 64;
controlling the weather, 107–109;
fowling, 133;
hunting, 172–179;
eagle-wood, 207;
camphor, 214;
planting, 219, 232;
reaping, 225, 235–249;
mining, 253–271;
power over inanimate objects, 262, 263, 531;
crocodile, 293–302;
fishing, 308, 310–316;
medical(Bomors), 409–455;
theatrical, 504–512;
power over the soul, 568–578

Mahameru, Mount, 2

Maize, rules for planting, 217

Malacca cane, ideas about the, 199–201

Mambang (inferior deities), 85, 88 (note), 91–93

Man, in the moon, 13;
creation of, 16–22;
sanctity of the body of, 23–46;
the soul of, 47–49;
plurality of souls in, 50, 411, 454, 578

Marking the body, a protection against evil influences, 336

Marriage, customs and ceremonies at, 368–396;
decorations, 369–373;
accessories, 373, 374;
finger-staining at, 375–377;
costumes, 378, 379;
ceremonial rice used at, 379, 380, 383;
lustrations at, 380, 385–388;
mimic conflict at, 381, 382;
sitting in state at, 383, 384;
royal character of the married pair, 388;
accounts of two weddings, 388–394;
forcible abduction with a view to, 394–396

Maswara (Maheswara), 86 (note), 545, 546

Ma’yong, invocations and ceremonies used when opening site for a, 504–512;
tunes, 513;
instruments and costumes, 518

Medicine, 346, 347, 408–457;
magic character of the diagnosis in, 409–414;
propitiatory ceremonies used in, 414–424;
neutralising poisons by, 424–427;
expelling evil influences by, 427–452;
taboos in, 437, 577;
recalling the soul by, 452–456, 577;
an orthodox view of, 456, 457

Medicine-men, see Magicians

Metamorphoses, 53–55, 121–123, 126, 129–131, 152, 160–163, 170, 185–187, 190–192, 201, 205, 262, 283–286, 302, 206–309

Midwife, engaging a, 332, 333

Minerals, souls of, 52;
ideas and ceremonies connected with, 250–277

Mining, tin, 250–271;
magicians, 253–257, 261–263;
taboos, 254–259, 263–265, 269, 271, 272;
charms, 265–271, 273;
gold, 271, 272;
silver, 272, 273

Mischiefs, see Badi

Moments, the five, 547, 548

Monkeys, legends about, 184–188

Monopolies, royal, 33–35;
see also Raja, Regalia, Taboos

Months, methods of reckoning, 553, 554

Moon, ideas about eclipses of the, 11–13;
precautions taken during eclipses of the, ib., 350–352;
spots on the, 13;
man in the, ib.

Mountains, in legend, 1, 2;
associated with dragons, 13, 14

Mouse-deer, the, in fable, 179;
snaring the, 179–181;
legend about the, 318, 319

Musical instruments, supernatural power of royal, 25, 27, 40–42;
used to accompany invocations to spirits, 445;
used to accompany dances, 461;
used at theatrical exhibitions, 505, 509, 511, 512, 516–521

Naga, the Indian, 4

Nails, worn long, 45, 46;
artificial, ib.;
staining with henna, 375–377

Names, importance of, 341

Nature, 1–7, 10–15;
influence of kings, chiefs, or magicians over, 36, 60, 106–109, 262, 263

Navel, of the earth, 3;
of the sea, 7–9

Night-jar, origin of the Malay name of the, 121, 122

Noise, objection of spirits to, 231, 257, 258

Nursery rhymes, 494–502

Oaths, 64, 273, 525 (note)

Omens, from natural events, 15, 129, 144, 264, 411, 534, 535;
from incense, 76, 410, 411;
from the rice-paste ceremony, 78;
from birds, 111, 112, 123, 535;
from dreams, 142, 144, 305, 562–566;
from the direction of things falling, 180, 296, 297, 330, 357, 409;
from sounds, 210, 299;
from actions, 264, 349, 351, 533, 534;
from scattered rice, 411–414;
from animals, 254, 534, 535, 561;
from the lines of the hand, 561, 562

Orchids, 205 (note)

Ordeals, 542–544

Origin, magic power involved in the knowledge of a thing’s, 156

Owls, omens of ill-luck, 123, 124

Palmistry, 561, 562

Pantang, see Taboos

Pauh Janggi (mythical tree), 6–9

Pearls, cocoa-nut, 195–197;
breeding, 275 (note)

Pelesit (familiar spirit), 330, 331

Penance or religious retreat, 71, 81

Penanggalan (vampire), 327, 328, 334

Performances, theatrical, 503–521

Petrified pilgrim, legend of the, 8–10

Pheasant, Argus, legend about the, 130, 131

Physician, court, his exemption from taboos, 39

Pig, wild, ideas about the, 188, 189

Pigeon, ground, legends about the, 126, 127, 190;
method of snaring wild, 132–141;
charms used in decoying, 135–142

Pillar of the Ka?bah, the navel of the earth, 3

Plays, theatrical, 503–521

Poisons, charms against, 424–427, 449, 450

Polong (familiar spirit), 329

Pontianak (demon), 327

Porpoise, origin of the, 308, 309

Potatoes, sweet, time for planting, 217

Prayer, 71, 72

Pregnancy, precautions taken during, 344–346, 348–352

Prerogatives, royal, 23, 24, 27, 33–36, 38–42, 215 (note), 277

Price, customary, sanctioned by taboo, 58, 59

Princes and princesses, development of, in bamboo, 16–18

Princess, legendary, of Mt. Ophir and Jugra Hill, 71, 82 (note), 158 (note), 163–166, 363;
elephant, 151–153;
Telan, 185–187.

Prohibitions, see Taboos

Prophets, 98, 99

Pusat tasek, see Navel of the sea

Python, ideas about the, 302, 303

Rain, origin of, 4;
charm to produce, 108;
charm against excessive, 109;
announced by the note of a mythical bird, 110

Rainbow, origin of the, 4;
ideas about the, 14, 15

Raja, sanctity of the person of the, 23, 24;
miraculous powers of the, 28 (note), 29;
legendary description of the dress of a, 29–32;
prerogatives of the, 33–36, 37–42;
title after death of the, 35, 36;
personal influence over nature of the, 36, 37

Rats, ideas about, 192

Regalia, sanctity and supernatural powers of the, 23–29, 39–42

Religion, 56, 61, 83, 84, 193, 234, 457

Reptiles, ideas about, 282–306

Rhinoceros, 150

Rice, instruments to be used in reaping, 58, 226, 227;
fixed customary price of, 58;
ceremonial and sacrificial use of, 74, 76, 77, 231–233, 240, 270, 280, 293, 311, 334, 376, 385–387, 411–417, 419–421, 423, 424, 441, 447, 453–455, 465–467, 511, 512, 517, 537; sowing, 221–223, 228, 229;
planting, 223–225, 230–233;
reaping, 225–228, 235–249;
soul of the, ib.;
ceremonial respect shown to cooked, 319

Rice-paste, ceremonial use of, 77, 78, 81, 133, 134, 136, 221, 232, 233, 236, 239, 293, 312–314, 354, 356, 376, 386;
composition of the leaf-brush used in this rite, 78–80, 221 (note), 236, 312 (note), 355

Riddles, 484

Rings, magic use of, 337, 353

Rites, nature of, performed at sacred places, 74–77

Rivers, spirits of, 103, 279–280;
importance of, 281;
legends about, 281, 282

Roads, ceremonies connected with the making of, 149

Roc, 9;
see also Garuda

Royalty, see Raja

Rubbing, casting out evil influences by, 431, 441, 449, 455

Sacred animals, 63, 68, 70, 71, 153, 163–166, 283

Sacrifices, propitiatory, 43;
to spirits, etc., 65, 67, 72–77, 143, 144, 149, 203, 207, 210, 230–233, 235, 268–270, 280, 286, 293, 310–314, 414–424, 432–434, 511, 512, 535–537;
traditions of human, 144 (note), 211

Sakatimuna, mythical serpent, 3, 4, 25, 28 (note), 95

Sambu (or Jambu Rakai or Agai), the crocodile-spirit, 89, 286 (note), 298, 435

Scapegoats, ceremonial use of, 72, 432, 433

Sea, navel of the, 7;
spirits and gods of the, 90–92, 279, 280, 434;
priest of the, 100

Sea-eagle, ideas about the, 128, 129

Semangat, see Soul

Seven, importance of the number, 50, 241, 431, 508, 509, 548, 569, 570

Seven times, the system of the, 548, 549

Shadow, importance of the, 143, 244, 245, 248, 306, 332, 575

Shadow-plays, 514–516

Sheikhs, the four legendary, 100

Ships, ideas about, 279, 280, 315

Shiva, 85–91, 546

Silver, ideas about, 272, 273;
invocation addressed to the spirit of, ib.

Sites, selection of, for houses, 141–143;
for towns, 147–149

Snails, bloodsucking, 306

Snakes, mythical, 3, 4, 6, 14, 25, 28 (note), 95, 111 (note), 303, 506;
ideas about, 302–305, 426

Soil, kinds of, 141

Sorcerers, detection of, 323

Sorcery, methods of, 568–579

Soul, conception of the, 47–53, 579, 580;
recalling a wandering, 48, 49, 452–456, 577;
abduction of the, 49, 568–579;
plurality of souls in man, 50, 411, 454, 578;
cloth used to attract the, 51, 452, 453, 575, 576;
in animals, vegetables and minerals, 52, 53, 138, 194, 200, 211, 213, 215–217, 225–227, 237, 250, 251, 271;
rice used to attract the human, 76, 77, 411

Spectre Huntsman, divinity of the, 91;
bird companions of the, 112;
legend of the, 113–120;
charms against the, 117–120

Spirits, of various kinds, 40, 59, 93–106, 113–120, 445–448, 505–509;
familiar, 59, 320, 322–325, 329–331;
in holy places, 62, 63;
in trees, 64, 65, 200, 202, 205, 211, 213, 215;
evil, 64, 91, 92, 94–96, 101–106, 112–120, 143, 144, 245, 247, 320–331, 334, 410–451, 505–509, 573;
medical treatment for illness caused by, 64, 65, 410, 414–451;
food offered to, 76, 231–233, 268, 280, 311–314, 415–424, 432–434, 447;
in beasts, 150;
objecting to noise, 231, 257, 258;
in minerals, 251, 253–258, 266–273;
objecting to the name of God, 271;
afraid of weapons, 456 (note)

Spoons, magic use of, 108, 350–352

Squares, magic, 555–558

Squirrel, origin of the, 190

S’ri, 86 (note), 89, 545, 546

Stars, ideas about the, 5;
names of the, 548, 550, 551

Stick-insect, ideas about the, 200, 201

Stones, magic use of, 236, 338–340;
ideas about, 274–277;
bezoar, ib., 425, 426;
in the heads of snakes, 303, 304

Stroking, expulsion of evil influences by, 178, 430, 442

Substitutes, 72, 73, 143, 144 (note), 211, 340, 432, 433

Sucking charm, 449, 450

Sugar-cane, time for planting the, 217;
magic use of the, 237, 239, 240, 246

Sun, divinity living in the, 92

Sunset, evil influence of, 15, 90, 92, 93, 109, 428, 429

Sympathetic magic, 82, 108 (note), 161 (note), 213, 217, 241, 248, 310, 323, 355, 570–573

Taboos, royal, 23, 24, 27, 33–42;
linguistic, 35, 139, 140, 192, 193, 206, 208, 212, 254, 255, 269, 271, 315, 523, 524;
connected with birth, 44, 344–346, 348–351;
war, 44, 523, 524;
agriculture, 57–59, 225–228, 231, 244, 248;
the Spectre Huntsman, 116, 118;
building, 141;
in legend, 152;
connected with animals, 156, 189, 191–193;
trees, 202, 211, 213;
mining, 254–259, 263–265, 269, 271, 272;
crocodiles, 292, 299, 300, 302;
fishing, 314, 315;
marriage, 370, 371;
funerals, 399, 401, 404, 405;
medicine, 437, 577;
miscellaneous, 533, 534;
depending on times or aspects, 552, 561

Tadpole, ideas about the, 309

Talismans, 361, 522–524, 566, 567

Tapers, magic use of, 268, 411, 421, 422, 440, 441, 447, 452, 511, 536, 572, 578

Tepong tawar, see Rice-paste

Theatrical exhibitions, 503–521;
foreign origin of, 503, 504, 517–521;
ceremonies connected with, 504–512;
the Ma’yong, 513, 514;
the Way-ang, 514–516;
classification of, 517–521

Thieves, discovery of, by divination, 537–542

Tides, cause of, 6, 7

Tiger, ideas about the, 157–170;
towns or villages, 157;
human origin of the, 158, 159;
divination practised by the, 159, 160;
man or were-, 160–163;
ghost or sacred, 163–165, 254;
hunting the, 166–168;
charms against the, 167, 168;
reception of a dead, 168–170;
spirit, 436–444

Times, lucky and unlucky, 545–561

Tin, soul of, 52, 250, 271;
mining, ideas and ceremonies connected with, 250–271

Toads, ideas about, 305, 306

Tooth-filing ceremony, 45, 46, 355, 359

Top-spinning, 481

Towns, selection of sites for, 147–149;
elephant, 151–153;
tiger, 157

Tray, sacrificial, see Anchak

Trees, mythical, 3, 7–9;
origin of, 4;
souls of, 52, 53, 193, 194, 211, 212;
human origin of certain, 54, 55;
sacred, 63, 67;
spirits in, 64, 65;
ideas about, 193–217;
durian, 197–199;
sialang, 202–204;
haunted, 205;
lime, 205, 206;
eagle-wood, 206–212;
camphor, 212–214;
gutta-percha, 215;
cocoa-nut, 216, 217

Umbrellas, royal, 26, 33, 34;
interdiction of, at funerals, 34

Vampires, bloodsucking, 320–331, 334

Vegetation souls, 52, 53, 193, 194, 200, 202, 211, 213, 215, 216, 225, 226, 237–249

Viper, ideas about the, 302, 303

Walimana (mythical bird), 110 (note)

War, 522–525, 531, 532;
charms and ceremonies used in, 522–524

Water, lustration by, 77, 81, 277–279, 347, 348, 387, 399–401, 424;
spirits, 91, 103, 279, 280

Wave-offering, 418–422

Waxen images, magic use of, 45, 413, 430, 569–574

Weapons, royal, 24–26, 30, 31, 33, 40 (note);
of the Spectre Huntsman, 117–120;
magic use of, 430, 441, 442;
ideas about, 524–531

Weaver bird, ideas about, 127, 128

Weddings, description of two, 388–394;
see also Marriage

White, colour of royal blood, 18 (note), 37;
umbrellas, 33, 34;
appropriated to spirits, 51;
divinity, 92;
genie, 95, 96

Wind, charms connected with the, 107, 108

Wizards, see Magicians, Sorcerers

Yajuj and Majuj (Gog and Magog), 2

Year, 549, 550, 553–555

Yellow, use of the royal colour, 33, 34 51, 419–421, 433

Zemzem, the well, 342, 355

THE END

Printed by R. & R. Clark Limited Edinburgh