R. W. Sindall

Acid dyes, 201
Acid in papers, 239
Acid size, 170
Agave, 40
Alum, 167, 168
Aniline dyes, 201
Aniline sulphate, 121
Animal size, 63, 164
Antichlors, 163
Art paper, 142
Art imitation, 145
Art testing, 147
Asbestos, 174
Ash in paper, 171
Backwater, 120, 205
Bagasse, 41
Bamboo, 43
Barker, 97
Beating engines, 186
patents, 192
power consumed, 191
Beating, conditions of, 197
Beating, early methods of, 176
Beating, experiments in, 179
Beating, process of, 58, 175
Bibliography, 253
Bisulphite of lime, 159
Bleaching, 57, 83
powder, 161
Blue prints, 140
Board machine, 132, 135
Boards, manufacture of, 131
Boards, duplex, 132, 134
Book papers, quality of, 246
Books, decay of, 237
Brown papers, 127
Carbonic acid recorder, 215
Casein, 165, 235
Caustic soda, 81, 155
Cellulose, 21
derivatives of, 29
hydrolysis of, 27, 229
oxidation of, 28
percentage of, in plants, 23
properties of, 26
Chemical residues in paper, 238
Chemical wood pulp, 104
Chemicals, 153
China clay, 117, 150, 171, 204, 234
Coal consumption, 214
Coated paper, 142
Cold ground pulp, 100
Colophony, 169
Colour of paper, fading of, 203, 241
Colour of paper, matching, 205
Colour of paper, unevenness of, 203
Colouring of paper pulp, 199
Colouring analysis of, 206
Cotton, 22, 69
Cyanotype papers, 140
Cylinder machine, 131
Density of paper, 181
Deterioration of paper, 228, 246
Digesters, 52, 89, 109
Dilution tables, 157, 163
Duplex boards, 134
Dyeing of paper, 199
Eibel patent, 223
Electrical power, 219
Electrolytic bleaching, 57
Engine sizing, 117, 167
Esparto, 72
bleaching of, 83
composition of, 73
test for, in papers, 87
yield of, 77
Evaporation apparatus, 76, 79
Evaporation tables, 81
Featherweight papers, 232
Fibres for paper-making, 38
examination of, 43
reagents for staining, 71
Flax, 40
Fourdrinier machine, early, 16
French chalk, 173
Gas producer, 218
Gelatine, 63, 164, 237
Glue, 137, 142, 235
Grinders, 100
History of paper, 1
Hoernle, 7
Hollander, 16, 59, 176, 185
Hot ground pulp, 100
Imitation art paper, 145, 235
Imitation Kraft paper, 129
Imitation parchment, 137
Improvements in paper-making, 214
Iron in paper, 229
Kraft papers, 128
Laid papers, 66
Lime, 52, 157
bisulphite, 159
sulphate, 173
Linen fibre, 70
Loading, 171
M. G. caps, 130
Machinery, 214, 224
Manila paper, 127
Mechanical pulp, 95
detection of, 121
Metanil yellow, 122
Middles, 134
Mitscherlich pulp, 107
Moisture, influence of, 243
Multiple effect evaporation, 79
Neutral size, 169
Newspaper, 116, 215
Output of a paper machine, 122
Paper, art, 142
Paper, ash in, 171
Paper, brown, 127
Paper, bulk of, 231
Paper, chemical residues in, 238
Paper, clay in, 234
Paper, colour of, 199, 241
Paper, colour in, analysis of, 207
Paper, deterioration of, 229
Paper, fibres for, 38
Paper, history of, 1, 5
Paper, iron in, 239
Paper, permanence of, 230
Paper, rags used for, 47
Paper, sizing of, 63
Paper, special kinds of, 137
Paper, standards of quality, 246
Paper, strength, of, 184, 231
Paper, surface of, 233
Paper, volume composition of, 233
Paper machine, early, 16
Paper machine, output of, 122
Papier-machÉ, 150
Papyrus, 2, 42
Paraffin paper, 148
Parchment, 4
paper, 137
Peat, 41
Phloroglucine, 121
Pigments, 199
Porion evaporator, 76
Presse-pÂte, 86
Prussian blue, 200
Rag paper, manufacture of, 47
Rag paper, origin of, 5
Rags, bleaching, 55
Rags, boiling, 51
Rags, classification, 48
Rags, sorting, 48
Ramie, 40
Records, early, 1
Recovered ash, 158
Recovery processes, 78, 113
Refiners, 90
Rope browns, 127
Rosin size, 117, 169, 236
Screens, 102
Sealings, 129
Shrinkage of paper, 181
Sizing of paper, 63, 117, 167
Society of Arts, 246
Soda, 153
Soda pulp, 107, 113
Soda recovery, 78
Soda silicate of, 166, 171
Softening of water, 216
Spent liquors, 78, 113
Staining reagents for fibres, 71
Standards of quality, 246, 248, 250
Starch, 166, 237
Stationery Office, 248
Stone beater rolls, 189
Straw, 88
Sulphate pulp, 107
Sulphite pulp, 107
Sulphites, 159, 163
Supercalender, 65
Superheated steam, 218
Tinfoil paper, 148
Transfer paper, 149
Ultramarine, 199
Volume composition of paper, 233
Vulcanised fibre, 139
Water softening, 216
Watermarks, 67
Wavy edges, 243
Waxed paper, 147
Wet press machine, 103
Wiesner, 6
Willesden paper, 139
Wood, 22
pulp, 95
chemical, 104
mechanical, 95
soda, 107, 113
sulphite, 107
Wove papers, 66
Wrappers, 127

BRADBURY, AGNEW, & CO. LD., PRINTERS, LONDON AND TONBRIDGE.

---

VAN NOSTRAND'S
“Westminster” Series
Bound in uniform style. Fully Illustrated. Price $2·00 net each.

The Volumes in the “Westminster” Series have been designed to meet the growing demand for books on practical subjects; to bring within the ken of the non-technical reader an accurate knowledge of manufacturing processes and the practical application of modern science to industries. Each volume is written by an expert to the end that practical readers and all who are engaged in the numerous allied branches of the engineering and technical trades may have reliable works of reference. The series provides for a class not hitherto reached in published works. The volumes can be easily read by the general public, and make excellent handbooks at a moderate price for the student.

The series is well suited to public libraries and will be found valuable for libraries in engineering shops and factories.

D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY
Publishers and Booksellers
23, Murray and 27, Warren Streets, New York.

Coal. By James Tonge, M.I.M.E., F.G.S., etc. (Lecturer on Mining at Victoria University, Manchester). With 46 Illustrations, many of them showing the Fossils found in the Coal Measures.

List of Contents: History. Occurrence. Mode of Formation of Coal Seams. Fossils of the Coal Measures. Botany of the Coal-Measure Plants. Coalfields of the British Isles. Foreign Coalfields. The Classification of Coals. The Valuation of Coal. Foreign Coals and their Values. Uses of Coal. The Production of Heat from Coal. Waste of Coal. The Preparation of Coal for the Market. Coaling Stations of the World. Index.

This book on a momentous subject is provided for the general reader who wishes accurate knowledge of Coal, its origin, position and extent, and its economical utilization and application.

Iron and Steel. By J. H. Stansbie, B.Sc. (Lond.), F.I.C. With 86 Illustrations.

List of Contents: Introductory. Iron Ores. Combustible and other materials used in Iron and Steel Manufacture. Primitive Methods of Iron and Steel Production. Pig Iron and its Manufacture. The Refining of Pig Iron in Small Charges. Crucible and Weld Steel. The Bessemer Process. The Open Hearth Process. Mechanical Treatment of Iron and Steel. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Iron and Steel. Iron and Steel under the Microscope. Heat Treatment of Iron and Steel. Electric Smelting. Special Steels. Index.

The aim of this book is to give a comprehensive view of the modern aspects of iron and steel, together with a sufficient account of its history to enable the reader to follow its march of progress. The methods of producing varieties of the metal suitable to the requirements of the engineer, foundryman and mechanician are described so that the worker may learn the history of the material he is handling.

Natural Sources of Power. By Robert S. Ball, B.Sc., A.M.Inst.C.E. With 104 Diagrams and Illustrations.

Contents: Preface. Units with Metric Equivalents and Abbreviations. Length and Distance. Surface and Area. Volumes. Weights or Measures. Pressures. Linear Velocities, Angular Velocities. Acceleration. Energy. Power. Introductory Water Power and Methods of Measuring. Application of Water Power to the Propulsion of Machinery. The Hydraulic Turbine. Various Types of Turbine. Construction of Water Power Plants. Water Power Installations. The Regulation of Turbines. Wind Pressure, Velocity, and Methods of Measuring. The Application of Wind Power to Industry. The Modern Windmill. Constructional Details. Power of Modern Windmills. Appendices A, B, C. Index.

Two departments of Engineering and their applications to industry form the subject of this volume: the “natural” sources of water and wind power which supply mechanical energy without any intermediate stage of transformation. Most people will be surprised at the extent to which these natural power producers are used. The widespread application of water power is generally known, but it is interesting to learn that the demand for windmills was never so great as it is to-day, and there are signs of abnormal expansion in the direction of their useful application in the great agricultural countries of the world. Though primarily of importance to the engineer, this work will be of great interest to every manufacturer who in economizing his means of power production can take the natural forces that lie to his hand and harness them in his service. The author is the son of Sir Robert Ball, the eminent mathematician and astronomer.

Liquid and Gaseous Fuels, and the Part they play in Modern Power Production. By Professor Vivian B. Lewes, F.I.C., F.C.S., Prof. of Chemistry, Royal Naval College, Greenwich. With 54 Illustrations.

List of Contents: Lavoisier's Discovery of the Nature of Combustion, etc. The Cycle of Animal and Vegetable Life. Method of determining Calorific Value. The Discovery of Petroleum in America. Oil Lamps, etc. The History of Coal Gas. Calorific Value of Coal Gas and its Constituents. The History of Water Gas. Incomplete Combustion. Comparison of the Thermal Values of our Fuels, etc. Appendix. Bibliography. Index.

The subject of this book has, during the last decade, assumed such importance that it is hoped this account of the history and development of the use of various forms of combustible liquids and gases for the generation of energy may do some service in its advancement.

Electric Power and Traction. By F. H. Davies, A.M.I.E.E. With 66 Illustrations.

List of Contents: Introduction. The Generation and Distribution of Power. The Electric Motor. The Application of Electric Power. Electric Power in Collieries. Electric Power in Engineering Workshops. Electric Power in Textile Factories. Electric Power in the Printing Trade. Electric Power at Sea. Electric Power on Canals. Electric Traction. The Overhead System and Track Work. The Conduit System. The Surface Contact System. Car Building and Equipment. Electric Railways. Glossary. Index.

The majority of the allied trades that cluster round the business of electrical engineering are connected in some way or other with its power and traction branches. To members of such trades and callings, to whom some knowledge of applied electrical engineering is desirable if not strictly essential, the book is particularly intended to appeal. It deals almost entirely with practical matters, and enters to some extent into those commercial considerations which in the long run must overrule all others.

Town Gas and its Uses for the Production of Light, Heat, and Motive Power. By W. H. Y. Webber, C.E. With 71 Illustrations.

List of Contents: The Nature and Properties of Town Gas. The History and Manufacture of Town Gas. The By-Products of Coal Gas Manufacture. Gas Lights and Lighting. Practical Gas Lighting. The Cost of Gas Lighting. Heating and Warming by Gas. Cooking by Gas. The Healthfulness and Safety of Gas in all its uses. Town Gas for Power Generation, including Private Electricity Supply. The Legal Relations of Gas Suppliers, Consumers, and the Public. Index.

The “country,” as opposed to the “town,” has been defined as “the parts beyond the gas lamps.” This book provides accurate knowledge regarding the manufacture and supply of town gas and its uses for domestic and industrial purposes. Few people realize the extent to which this great industry can be utilized. The author has produced a volume which will instruct and interest the generally well informed but not technically instructed reader.

Electro-Metallurgy. By J. B. C. Kershaw, F.I.C. With 61 Illustrations.

Contents: Introduction and Historical Survey. Aluminium. Production. Details of Processes and Works. Costs. Utilization. Future of the Metal. Bullion and Gold. Silver Refining Process. Gold Refining Processes. Gold Extraction Processes. Calcium Carbide and Acetylene Gas. The Carbide Furnace and Process. Production. Utilization. Carborundum. Details of Manufacture. Properties and Uses. Copper. Copper Refining. Descriptions of Refineries. Costs. Properties and Utilization. The Elmore and similar Processes. Electrolytic Extraction Processes. Electro-Metallurgical Concentration Processes. Ferro-alloys. Descriptions of Works. Utilization. Glass and Quartz Glass. Graphite. Details of Process. Utilization. Iron and Steel. Descriptions of Furnaces and Processes. Yields and Costs. Comparative Costs. Lead. The Salom Process. The Betts Refining Process. The Betts Reduction Process. White Lead Processes. Miscellaneous Products. Calcium. Carbon Bisulphide. Carbon Tetra-Chloride. Diamantine. Magnesium. Phosphorus. Silicon and its Compounds. Nickel. Wet Processes. Dry Processes. Sodium. Descriptions of Cells and Processes. Tin. Alkaline Processes for Tin Stripping. Acid Processes for Tin Stripping. Salt Processes for Tin Stripping. Zinc. Wet Processes. Dry Processes. Electro-Thermal Processes. Electro-Galvanizing. Glossary. Name Index.

The subject of this volume, the branch of metallurgy which deals with the extraction and refining of metals by aid of electricity, is becoming of great importance. The author gives a brief and clear account of the industrial developments of electro-metallurgy, in language that can be understood by those whose acquaintance with either chemical or electrical science may be but slight. It is a thoroughly practical work descriptive of apparatus and processes, and commends itself to all practical men engaged, in metallurgical operations, as well as to business men, financiers, and investors.

Radio-Telegraphy. By C. C. F. Monckton, M.I.E.E. With 173 Diagrams and Illustrations.

Contents: Preface. Electric Phenomena. Electric Vibrations. Electro-Magnetic Waves. Modified Hertz Waves used in Radio-Telegraphy. Apparatus used for Charging the Oscillator. The Electric Oscillator: Methods of Arrangement, Practical Details. The Receiver: Methods of Arrangement, The Detecting Apparatus, and other details. Measurements in Radio-Telegraphy. The Experimental Station at Elmers End: Lodge-Muirhead System. Radio-Telegraph Station at Nauen: Telefunken System. Station at Lyngby: Poulsen System. The Lodge-Muirhead System, the Marconi System, Telefunken System, and Poulsen System. Portable Stations. Radio-Telephony. Appendices: The Morse Alphabet. Electrical Units used in this Book. International Control of Radio-Telegraphy. Index.

The startling discovery twelve years ago of what is popularly known as Wireless Telegraphy has received many no less startling additions since then. The official name now given to this branch of electrical practice is Radio-Telegraphy. The subject has now reached a thoroughly practicable stage, and this book presents it in clear, concise form. The various services for which Radio-Telegraphy is or may be used are indicated by the author. Every stage of the subject is illustrated by diagrams or photographs of apparatus, so that, while an elementary knowledge of electricity is presupposed, the bearings of the subject can be grasped by every reader. No subject is fraught with so many possibilities of development for the future relationships of the peoples of the world.

India-Rubber and its Manufacture, with Chapters on Gutta-Percha and Balata. By H. L. Terry, F.I.C., Assoc.Inst.M.M. With Illustrations.

List of Contents: Preface. Introduction: Historical and General. Raw Rubber. Botanical Origin. Tapping the Trees. Coagulation. Principal Raw Rubbers of Commerce. Pseudo-Rubbers. Congo Rubber. General Considerations. Chemical and Physical Properties. Vulcanization. India-rubber Plantations. India-rubber Substitutes. Reclaimed Rubber. Washing and Drying of Raw Rubber. Compounding of Rubber. Rubber Solvents and their Recovery. Rubber Solution. Fine Cut Sheet and Articles made therefrom. Elastic Thread. Mechanical Rubber Goods. Sundry Rubber Articles. India-rubber Proofed Textures. Tyres. India-rubber Boots and Shoes. Rubber for Insulated Wires. Vulcanite Contracts for India-rubber Goods. The Testing of Rubber Goods. Gutta-Percha. Balata. Bibliography. Index.

Tells all about a material which has grown immensely in commercial importance in recent years. It has been expressly written for the general reader and for the technologist in other branches of industry.

Glass Manufacture. By Walter Rosenhain, Superintendent of the Department of Metallurgy in the National Physical Laboratory, late Scientific Adviser in the Glass Works of Messrs. Chance Bros. and Co. With Illustrations.

Contents: Preface. Definitions. Physical and Chemical Qualities. Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties. Transparency and Colour. Raw materials of manufacture. Crucibles and Furnaces for Fusion. Process of Fusion. Processes used in Working of Glass. Bottle. Blown and Pressed. Rolled or Plate. Sheet and Crown. Coloured. Optical Glass: Nature and Properties, Manufacture. Miscellaneous Products. Appendix. Bibliography of Glass Manufacture. Index.

This volume is for users of glass, and makes no claim to be an adequate guide or help to those engaged in glass manufacture itself. For this reason the account of manufacturing processes has been kept as non-technical as possible. In describing each process the object in view has been to give an insight into the rationale of each step, so far as it is known or understood, from the point of view of principles and methods rather than as mere rule of thumb description of manufacturing manipulations. The processes described are, with the exception of those described as obsolete, to the author's definite knowledge, in commercial use at the present time.

Precious Stones. By W. Goodchild, M.B., B.Ch. With 42 Illustrations. With a Chapter on Artificial Stones. By Robert Dykes.

List of Contents: Introductory and Historical. Genesis of Precious Stones. Physical Properties. The Cutting and Polishing of Gems. Imitation Gems and the Artificial Production of Precious Stones. The Diamond. Fluor Spar and the Forms of Silica. Corundum, including Ruby and Sapphire. Spinel and Chrysoberyl. The Carbonates and the Felspars. The Pyroxene and Amphibole Groups. Beryl, Cordierite, Lapis Lazuli and the Garnets. Olivine, Topaz, Tourmaline and other Silicates. Phosphates, Sulphates, and Carbon Compounds.

An admirable guide to a fascinating subject.

Patents, Designs and Trade Marks: The Law and Commercial Usage. By Kenneth R. Swan, B.A. (Oxon.), of the Inner Temple, Barrister-at-Law.

Contents: Table of Cases Cited—Part I.—Letters Patent. Introduction. General. Historical. I., II., III. Invention, Novelty, Subject Matter, and Utility the Essentials of Patentable Invention. IV. Specification. V. Construction of Specification. VI. Who May Apply for a Patent. VII. Application and Grant. VIII. Opposition. IX. Patent Rights. Legal Value. Commercial Value. X. Amendment. XI. Infringement of Patent. XII. Action for Infringement. XIII. Action to Restrain Threats. XIV. Negotiation of Patents by Sale and Licence. XV. Limitations on Patent Right. XVI. Revocation. XVII. Prolongation. XVIII. Miscellaneous. XIX. Foreign Patents. XX. Foreign Patent Laws: United States of America. Germany. France. Table of Cost, etc., of Foreign Patents. Appendix A.—1. Table of Forms and Fees. 2. Cost of Obtaining a British Patent. 3. Convention Countries. Part II.—Copyright in Design. Introduction. I. Registrable Designs. II. Registration. III. Marking. IV. Infringement. Appendix B.—1. Table of Forms and Fees. 2. Classification of Goods. Part III.—Trade Marks. Introduction. I. Meaning of Trade Mark. II. Qualification for Registration. III. Restrictions on Registration. IV. Registration. V. Effect of Registration. VI. Miscellaneous. Appendix C.—Table of Forms and Fees. Indices. 1. Patents. 2. Designs. 3. Trade Marks.

This is the first book on the subject since the New Patents Act. Its aim is not only to present the existing law accurately and as fully as possible, but also to cast it in a form readily comprehensible to the layman unfamiliar with legal phraseology. It will be of value to those engaged in trades and industries where a knowledge of the patenting of inventions and the registration of trade marks is important. Full information is given regarding patents in foreign countries.

The Book; Its History and Development. By Cyril Davenport, V.D., F.S.A. With 7 Plates and 126 Figures in the text.

List of Contents: Early Records. Rolls, Books and Book bindings. Paper. Printing. Illustrations. Miscellanea. Leathers. The Ornamentation of Leather Bookbindings without Gold. The Ornamentation of Leather Bookbindings with Gold, Bibliography. Index.

The romance of the Book and its development from the rude inscriptions on stone to the magnificent de Luxe tomes of to-day have never been so excellently discoursed upon as in this volume. The history of the Book is the history of the preservation of human thought. This work should be in the possession of every book lover.