The philosophy of life, and philosophy of language, in a course of lectures

ANALYTICAL INDEX.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, S, T, U, W.

A
Absolute knowledge, false character of, 60.
power considered, 175.
Abstraction, not the true method of philosophy, 354.
Æther of the nerves, 76.
Age, the early Christian, 148.
the middle, 149, 246.
that of the restoration of letters, 150.
anti-Christian spirit of the present, 151.
a struggle for truth the conflict of the present, 158.
the spirit of the present a spirit of untruth, 159.
different ages of the history of the world, 163.
characteristics of the present, 164, 457.
the middle contained all the elements of the Christian state, 182.
rationalism to be feared in the present, 227.
spirit of the present, 409.
Alphabet, the psychological, 452.
Angels, the neutral, 136.
Animals, soul of, 121.
Antediluvian—see World.
Architecture, its alliance to sculpture, 260.
Ariana, the, 246.
Aristotle, his system, 243.
Aristotelian schoolmen, 247.
Art, symbolical nature and constitution of life with reference to it, 256.
Art, all symbolical, 257.
religious origin of, 265
a feeling of the infinite, 415.
a universal language, 421.
evil influences of, 455.
hope the soul of, 456.
present state of, 458.
spurious, 461.
Astronomy, modern, 84.
seven the traditionary number of the planets, 85.
Pythagorean system of, 85.
Atheism, produced by French philosophy, 18.
tendency of modern science to, 155.
Atlantis, legend of, 83.
Authority, God the source of, 168.
Avarice, its character, 34.
apart from industry, 35.
B
Beauty, 506.
source of in fiction, 510.
Bible—see Scriptures.
Body, the spiritual, 74.
Byron, his Cain, 21, 410.
C
Cause, final, doctrine of, 125.
Creation intelligible, 127.
Chemical analysis, modern, results of, 88.
China, its state of separation, 181.
Christianity, revelation of, 146.
first eight Christian centuries, 148.
the middle ages, 149.
anti-Christian spirit of this era, 151.
universal peace, 184.
its dispensation, struggle between light and darkness in, 207.
its science and philosophy, 245.
the Gnostics and Arians, 246.
the middle ages—the Aristotelian schoolmen, 247.
disputations of the schoolmen, 248.
of the eighteenth century, 249.
without an altar, 268.
the Christian state an hereditary monarchy, 282.
the true guardian of liberty, 287.
its jurisprudence, 296.
spread among the Mohammedans, 297.
its priests not hereditary, 308.
its justice the basis of European peace, 311.
confederation of its states, 312.
Church, its collision with the state, 299, 304.
separation of, 306.
Communion, the highest symbol of faith, 267.
Compass, the invention of, 83.
Candillac, his philosophy, 17.
Conscience, its relationship to reason, 54.
imperfection of, 435.
Consistency the criterion of truth, 252.
Creation, final cause of, intelligible, 127.
D
Death, final emancipation of nature from, 93.
destruction of, 340.
Deluge, the, how to be considered, 218.
Despotism, 290.
the natural result of anarchy, 291.
Dialogue the natural form of philosophy, 68.
the true form assumed by all living thought, 381.
Discernment the link between faith and science, 195.
Divine—see God.
Doubt, a necessary condition of man’s mind, 426.
essential to man, 526.
the passage from ignorance to knowledge, 527.
absolute, a source of error, 530.
true, and limited, indispensable to advance of knowledge, 531.
Dreams, their character, 29.
E
Earth, man’s affinity to, 81.
Education, its symbolical character, 262.
philosophy the crown of, 348.
English, the Reformation among, 299.
their constitution, 303.
Church and State. 304.
Enthusiasm springs from love, 37.
the origin of patriotism, 38.
its longing for the eternal and divine, 38, 421, 479.
Epicureans, the, 244.
Error, rapid growth of, 60.
four sources of, 105.
intermediate conflict of, with truth, 153.
religious, two forms of, 176.
twofold spirit of truth and error, 206.
struggle between, 207.
reason and fancy the ultimate sources of, 221.
understanding and will co-operating
causes in its formation and diffusion, 223.
truth not established by its refutation, 229.
controversy with, begets it, 314.
knowledge of, 489.
co-ordinate with knowledge, 506.
two sources of, in philosophy, 522.
subjective, 523.
absolute doubt a source of, 530.
Eternal punishments, 133.
the unquenchable fire, 134.
Eternity, 401.
not reconcilable with time, 405.
of the world, 406.
Europe, peace of, based on Christian justice, 311.
Evil, moral, a result of man’s freedom, 130.
physical, a means of purification, 131.
influence of, in nature, 338.
F
Faith, man’s, not sufficiently childlike, 112.
can restore unity to the mind, 113.
its dissension between faith and science, 193.
discernment the link between them, 196.
reconcilable with science, 199.
choice between that and infidelity, 210.
not a negative limitation of reason, 214.
its identity with supreme science, 216.
the soul’s firmament, 218.
communion its highest symbol, 267.
genuine and spurious, 453.
true and false faith, 476.
universal, 486.
in relation to time, 498.
its relation to knowledge, 499.
knowledge impossible without it, 500.
Fall, the, physical consequences of, 92.
discord of the mind one of its consequences, 98.
Falsehood to be fought with its own weapons, 156.
trifling with oaths, 159.
the present spirit of the age, 159.
Fancy, man’s distinctive property, 25.
a division of the soul apart from reason, 30.
its influence on the sense, 31.
on the passions, 32.
its influence on the nobler feelings, 35.
on love and marriage, 37.
on enthusiasm, 37.
on all man’s emotions, 40.
the poetical, 40.
its powers, 75.
fancy and reason the ultimate sources of error, 221.
seldom harmonizes with reason, 361.
not attributable to God, 370.
Feeling, the center of consciousness, 473.
its spurious and genuine manifestations, 474.
a source of revelation, 518.
Fichte, his philosophy, 19.
Final causes, doctrine of, 125.
of creation intelligible, 127.
Freedom, man’s, 128.
moral evil a result of it, 130.
created spirits without it, 134.
of philosophy, 186.
French, their modern philosophy, 17.
its atheism, 18.
its fatal results, 18.
their advancement in physical science, 22.
G
Generation, spontaneous, creatures of, 122.
Genius, worship of, 455.
Geology, analogy of philology to, 388.
must maintain the union of soul and spirit, 443.
Germans, their philosophy, 19.
Kant, 19.
Jacobi, Fichte, 19.
Schelling, 20.
Hegel, 21.
its superiority to the French, 22.
its old Christian empire, 288.
its customary law, 294.
confederation of states, 308, 312.
Gnostics, the, 246.
God, his attributes, 55.
figurative language as applied to Him, 56.
His divine nature unappreciated by reason, 57.
the understanding the only proper organ for acquiring a knowledge of Him, 58.
limitation of His justice and mercy, 60.
knowledge of Him a science of experience, 61.
His revelation to man, 65.
knowledge of, illimitable, 73.
condescension of the divine essence, 108.
self-denial bringing us near Him, 109.
the author and preserver of nature’s laws, 117.
His divine nature not subject to necessity, 129.
His divine wisdom manifested in the realm of truth, 141.
His divine order in the history of the world and relations of States, 162.
the source of justice and authority, 168.
kings His vicegerents, 169.
priests, 171.
His temporal judgments on the world, 178.
the Greeks His second chosen people, 180.
His being not a matter of reasoning, 190.
can alone bring about the theory of science, 334.
restoration of His image in man, 337.
the mind’s consummation in Him, 366.
understanding may be predicated of Him, 371.
can not be said to have a soul, 372.
the idea of, the only idea, 445.
unintelligible without love, 446.
Greeks, their philosophers, different cosmogonies of, 8.
a second chosen people of God, 180.
rise and decline of their philosophy, 239.
their logic, 254.
H
Heathenism a corruption of a purer Gentilism, 234.
Hegel, his philosophy, 21.
Hieroglyphics, illustrated symbolism of life, 270.
Hindoos, their trinity, character of, 202.
their logic, 254.
History, a prelude of the final judgment, 172.
a rehearsal of the first temptation, 173.
ancient, its results, 291.
Honor apart from pride, 35.
Hope, the vital flame of faith and love, 114, 420.
universal, 486.
in relation to time, 498.
I
Idealism, 511, 523.
Ideas, innate, 79.
of death, 79.
Identity, system of, 511.
Idolatry of science, 216.
of rationalism, 221.
Incarnation, the principle of new life, 272.
Indians, their affinity to the Teutons, 307.
Industry apart from avarice, 35.
Infidelity, choice between, and faith, 186.
Middle age—see Age.
Mind, the, intrinsic discord of, 96.
a consequence of the fall, 98.
restoration of unity, 99.
originally simple, 102.
its essence in pure spirits, 104.
unity of, only to be restored by faith, 114.
struggle between light and darkness in, 209.
the principle of supreme science, 215.
restoration of perfection to it, 335.
a prey to discord. 356.
the, fourfold discord of, 359.
its consummation in God, 366.
inherent discord of, 376.
its yearnings after unity, 377.
doubt a necessary condition of, 426.
feeling the center of unity in, 436.
Miracles, possibility of, 117.
Monarchy, hereditary, the true Christian polity, 286.
mixed, 289.
Moses fought falsehood with its own weapons, 156.
founder of the Jewish theocracy, 321.
Music the representation of ideas, 257.
Mysteries in nature, 126.
Mythology, the subjective the principle of,

219.
its pantheism, 220.
ancient, 517.
vestiges in it of divine truth, 518.
N
Nature, science of, based on medicine, 78.
possibility of attaining it, 79.
innate ideal of its true mathematics, 80.
man’s affinity to the earth, 81.
magnetism, 83.
the compass, 83.
legend of Atlantis, 83.
modern astronomy, 84.
seven the traditionary number of the planets, 85.
Pythagorean system of astronomy, 85.
results of modern chemical analysis, 87.
nature, a system of living forces, 88.
sleep an essential law of, 89.
intelligible to the spiritual only, 90.
physical consequences of the fall, 92.
final emancipation of from death, 93.
its divine order, 115.
a living reproductive power, 116.
God the author and preserver of its laws, 117.
miracles, the Deluge, 118.
no blind necessary force, 119.
a TheodicÉe, or justification of God’s ways in the world—its perplexities, 120.
the soul of animals, 121.
creatures of spontaneous generation, 122.
influence of the evil spirits, 124.
doctrine of final cause, 125.
the preadamite world a paradise for angels, 125.
mysteries in, 126.
final cause of creation intelligible, 127.
divine nature not subject to necessity, 129.
created spirits without freedom, 134.
immortal spirits with animal forms, 135.
nature considered relatively to man, 139.
best described by symbols, 140.
influence of evil in, 338.
originally created immortal, 340.
perfection of, 340.
Nerves, Æther of, 76.
Numbers, Pythagorean theory of, 462.
P
Painting, the true spiritual art, 259.
Pantheism, mythological and scientific, 220.
as fatal to truth as rationalism, 226.
Parental power, 273.
sanctity of, 273.
Passions, arise from the higher instincts, 32.
the pernicious, 33.
the nobler, 35.
Patriotism springs from enthusiasm and love, 40.
Peace, Christian, universal, 183.
Philology, its analogy to geology, 388.
Philosophy, its dreamy character, 7.
unfeasibility of Plato’s ideal, 8.
cosmogonies of the Ionian school, 8.
objects and limits, 9.
form and method of true philosophy, 10.
that of the schools unintelligible, 11.
distinction between that of life and that of the schools, 11.
intelligibility of the former, 12.
right use of method, 13.
mathematical formulÆ inappropriate, 14.
unity of its thoughts, 15.
modern French systems, 17.
modern German, 19.
French physical science, 22.
natural German philosophy superior to the French, 22.
the false starting-point contrasted with the true center, 22.
dialogue its natural form, 68.
improperly confined to a school, 69.
that of life can not be a mere science of reason, 185.
free to use any form or method, 186.
that of life a science of man, 187.
differs from theology, 188.
the relation of truth and science to it, 232.
of the Greeks, rise and decline of, 234.
Ionian schools not materialistic, 240.
religious tendency of Pythagorean and Plato, 240.
the Sophists—Aristotle, 243.
the Stoics and Epicureans, 244.
of the Christians—see Christianity.
of life, its symbolical nature and constitution, 256.
true method of, 343.
use of scholastic or mathematical forms, 345.
use and abuse of system, 346.
the crown of education, 348.
conversant with life, 350.
deals chiefly with facts, 428.
from natural science, 467.
method of multiform, 470.
its true method conversational, 472.
two sources of error in, 522.
Physiology of man, 76.
Planets, seven the traditionary number, 85.
Plato, his ideal unfeasible, 8.
trinity of, 202.
religious tendency of, 240.
Poetry embraces music, poetry, and architecture, 261.
a feeling of the infinite, 414.
spurious, 461.
philosophical, 516.
Power, absolute, considered, 175.
Preadamite world, a paradise for angels, 125.
Pre-existence, doctrine of, 137.
Prerogative, all of supreme power judicial, 278.
Pride, its character, 33.
Priests, the vicegerents of God, 171.
their power, 273.
sanctity of, 274.
Christian, not hereditary, 307.
Principle, doctrine of a good and evil, 528.
Prophets, the, kept alive the Jewish theocracy, 326.
Public opinion, 165.
Punishments, eternal, 133.
Pythagoreans, their system of astronomy, 85.
their religious tendency, 240.
their noble political views, 242.
their theory of numbers, 462.
R
Rationalism, idolatry of, 221.
as fatal to truth as pantheism, 226.
more to be feared at present, 227.
danger of, 454.
Reason, a division of the soul apart from fancy, 29.
its essence, 50.
relationship of the faculties of the soul to it, 50.
its power and value, 53.
derivation of the German name, 54.
distinction between, and understanding, 55.
not properly attributable to God, 63.
faith not a negative limitation of, 214.
reason and fancy the ultimate sources of error, 221.
seldom harmonizes with fancy, 361.
not attributable to God, 370.
discursive, not creative, 507.
use and abuse of, 509.
Reformation, the English, 299.
Religion, its symbolism, 264.
in its essence symbolical, 266.
Religious error, two forms of, 176.
Representative governments, 280.
Republics, their liability to adverse changes, 284.
disadvantages of their polity, 285.
Revelation, power to understand it the gift of God, 61.
its fourfold character, 65.
of Scripture, 65.
an ante-Mosaic revelation, 66.
the soul its receptive organ, 68.
its first step preparatory, 143.
gradual, 144.
that of Christianity, 147.
unwritten to the antediluvian world, 235.
both old and new in its doctrine, 323.
sources of, manifold, 503.
Roman Empire, law of, 293.
compared with the Mohammedan, 297.
S
Skepticism, the author of it, 528.
Scepter, the, a judicial symbol, 279.
Schelling, his philosophy, 20.
Schools, philosophy of, unintelligible, 11.
their compared with that of life, 11.
philosophy improperly confined to them, 69.
disputations of the schoolmen, 248.
Science, physical, no system of, in the Bible, 71.
its imperfect character, 73.
of nature, medicine a basis of, 78.
modern, its atheistical tendency, 155.
dissension between science and faith, 193.
discernment the link between, and faith, 195.
reconcilable with faith, 198.
supreme, the mind the principle of, 215.
idolatry of, 216.
its identity with faith, 217.
its pantheism, 220.
its relation to life, 232.
that of Christianity—see Christianity.
a great power for good, 315.
free development of, 317.
a real power for good, 319.
theocracy of, 329.
illustrations of, 330.
to be brought about only by God, 333.
the idea of, 488.
Scripture not the original revelation, 66.
contains no system of physical science, 71.
considered as the sword of the Spirit, 230.
Sculpture, its symbolical character, 257.
its alliance to architecture, 260.
Self, sacrifice of, brings us near to God, 109.
how far necessary, 110.
Senses, their triple character, 31, 431.
influence of fancy on, 31.
the external, 430.
higher sensuality, its character, 33.
developments of, 432.
Sleep an essential law of nature, 89.
Soul, the thinking, the center of thought, 23.
the center of moral life, 28.
its unconscious conceptions, 29.
divided between the abstracting and classifying reason and the inventive fancy, 29.
its four principal branches, 30.
the loving, the center of moral life, 41.
its share in knowledge, 48.
furnishes the cognitive mind with language, 48.
its faculties in relationship to the reason, 50.
the receptive organ of revelation, 68.
considered in relation to nature, 70.
considered in relation to God, 95.
of animals, 121.
its migration among the stars, 138.
the principle of faith, 213.
faith its firmament, 217.
the mutual dependence of it with thought, 365.
its identity with spirit, 367.
its union with the spirit, 442.
the idea of God must maintain it, 443.
see Mind.
Speech the outward projection of thought, 379.
varied by moral diversities, 392.
Spinosa, system of, 481.
its influence, 484.
Spirits besides those of men, 24.
the higher, incorporeal, 25.
contain the essence of mind, 103.
Spirits, influence of evil, on nature, 124.
created, without freedom, 134.
immortal ones with animal forms, 135.
Scriptures the sword of the Spirit, 230.
see Soul.
Stars, migration of the soul among, 138.
State, the, its collision with the Church, 299, 304.
separation of, 306.
Stoics, the, 244.
Subjective, the, the principle of mythology, 218.
Superstition, its identity with infidelity, 211.
Symbols, nature best described by, 140.
characterize all art, 257.
characterize education, 262.
characterizes man’s nature, 263.
those of religion, 264.
their equation of life, 269.
those of the judicial, 279.
System, use and abuse of, 346.
consistency of idea, the essence of, 347.
T
Talmud, tr

THE END.

VALUABLE SCHOOL CLASSICS

RECENTLY PUBLISHED BY
HARPER AND BROTHERS, NEW YORK.

ECLECTIC MORAL PHILOSOPHY.

By Rev. J. R. Boyd, A.M. 12mo, $1 00.

ELEMENTS OF RHETORIC AND LITERARY CRITICISM.

On the Basis of the recent Works of Reid and Connell: with other Additions By J. R. Boyd, A.M. 18mo, half bound, 50 cents.

LETTERS ON ASTRONOMY.

By Denison Olmsted, LL.D. 12mo, 75 cents.

THE USEFUL ARTS,

Considered in connection with the Application of Science. By J. Bigelow, M.D. 2 vols. 12mo, $1 50.

LOOMIS’S TREATISE ON ALGEBRA.

8vo, Sheep, $1 25.

CLARK’S ELEMENTS OF ALGEBRA.

8vo, Sheep extra, $1 00.

HACKLEY’S TREATISE ON ALGEBRA.

Containing the latest improvements. 8vo, Sheep extra, $1 50.

PROF. SALKELD’S FIRST BOOK IN SPANISH. (In press.)

PROF. SALKELD’S CLASSICAL ANTIQUITIES.

1 vol. 12mo, 37½ cents.

M’CLINTOCK AND CROOKS’S FIRST BOOK IN LATIN.

12mo, Sheep extra, 75 cents.

TREATISE ON ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.

By John William Draper, M.D. Engravings. 4to, Muslin gilt, $2 50.

TEXT-BOOK ON CHEMISTRY.

By John William Draper, M.D. Nearly 300 Engravings. 12mo, Sheep, 75 cents.

KANE’S ELEMENTS OF CHEMISTRY.

Edited by John William Draper, M.D. 250 Plates. 8vo, Muslin, $2 00.

FIRST PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.

By James Renwick, LL.D. Engravings. 18mo, 75 cents.

FIRST PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY.

By James Renwick, LL.D. Engravings. 18mo, 75 cents.

PRACTICAL MECHANICS.

By James Renwick, LL.D. Engravings. 18mo, half Sheep, 90 cents.

LOGIC, RATIOCINATIVE AND INDUCTIVE.

By J. Stuart Mill. 8vo, Muslin gilt, $2 00.

AIDS TO ENGLISH COMPOSITION.

By Richard Green Parker, A.M. 18mo, Muslin, 80 cents; Sheep extra, 90 cts.

NEW PICTORIAL SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY.

By Sidney E. Morse, A.M. Embellished by nearly One Hundred and Fifty Engravings, and about Fifty Cerographic Maps, in Colors. Price 50 cents.

PLATO AGAINST THE ATHEISTS.

By Tayler Lewis, LL.D. 12mo, Muslin gilt, $1 50.

THE PRACTICAL ASTRONOMER.

By Thomas Dick, LL.D. Illustrated with One Hundred Engravings. 12mo, Muslin gilt, 50 cents.

ELEMENTS OF MORALITY.

Including Polity. By William Whewell, D.D. 2 vols. 12mo, Muslin gilt, $1 00.

THE CAPTIVES, A COMEDY OF PLAUTUS.

With English Notes, for the Use of Students. By John Proudfit, D.D. 18mo, 37½ cents.

A CLASSICAL DICTIONARY.

By Charles Anthon, LL.D. Royal 8vo, Sheep, $4 75.

A DICTIONARY OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES.

Edited by W. Smith, Ph.D. First American edition, corrected and enlarged by Charles Anthon, LL.D. 8vo, Sheep, $1 75.

Classical Works published by Harper & Brothers.

DICTIONARY OF ANTIQUITIES, ABRIDGED.

With Corrections and Improvements, by Charles Anthon, LL.D. 12mo, half Sheep, $1 25.

NEW GREEK AND ENGLISH LEXICON.

By Henry Drisler, A.M., under the Supervision of Prof. Anthon. 8vo, $5 00.

A GRAMMAR OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE.

By C. G. Zumpt, Ph.D. Corrected and enlarged by Charles Anthon, LL.D. 12mo, Sheep extra, 90 cents.

THE ECLOGUES AND GEORGICS OF VIRGIL.

With English Notes, critical and explanatory. By Charles Anthon, LL.D. 12mo, Sheep extra, $1 50.

THE ANABASIS OF XENOPHON.

With English Notes, critical and explanatory. By Charles Anthon, LL.D. 12mo, Sheep extra. (In press.)

GREEK READER.

Principally from Jacobs. Edited by Charles Anthon, LL.D. 12mo, Sheep extra, $1 75.

CÆSAR’S COMMENTARIES ON THE GALLIC WAR.

Edited by Charles Anthon, LL.D. Map, Portrait, &c. 12mo, Sheep extra, $1 40.

SYSTEM OF LATIN VERSIFICATION.