Adams, John, 52;
appointed commissioner, 119;
repudiates command of Congress, 120;
share in most important treaty, 124;
absent from National Convention, 133;
nominated for the Presidency, 328;
signs judiciary bill, 331;
appoints new judges, 332.
Adams, Samuel, 77, 79, 128.
Allen, Ethan, 46.
America, successful, 117, 118, 131, 132, 144.
American army, suffering of, 76, 77;
commissioners, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124;
Constitutional Convention, delegates in, 133;
contrasted with States General of France, 134, 135, 136;
independence, 122, 123;
leaders compared with European, 82, 83;
navy, 196, 291;
triumph, 123, 124.
Americans, in Revolutionary War, 5;
of 1776, compared with those of Civil War, 49, 50.
Ames, Fisher, 327.
Assembly, 33, 36, 37, 44.
Bank of North America, 103.
Bastile, the, 211, 225, 226.
Battle of Bennington, 69;
Brandywine, 75;
Princeton, 48;
Trenton, 48, 49;
Guilford Court House, 113.
Battles on soil of New York, 3, 4.
British allies, 49, 50, 68, 119;
war-ships, 43, 47.
Brunswick, Duke of, 284, 285.
Burgoyne, 49, 68, 72, 74, 78;
breach of faith with, 125.
Burke, Edmund, 39.
Burr, Aaron, 329, 330, 360;
and Jefferson Davis, 361.
Butler, 147, 157.
Calhoun, famous toast of, 354.
Canada, 45, 89, 90.
Carolinas, the, 8, 11, 30, 45, 50.
Carroll, 40.
Church of Rome, 65.
Churches, 9, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19.
Civil War, people in the, 49, 50.
Clermont-Tonnerre, Count de, 179, 203.
Clinton, George, 10;
chosen governor, 68, 327;
as a politician, 97, 128.
Clintons, the, 10, 20, 68.
Colonial contests, 3;
legislature, 20, 21, 33.
Colonies, 11.
Confederation, condition of, after the war, 126.
Congress. See Continental;
see Provincial.
Connecticut, 45, 46.
Constitution, its character, 136, 141, 142;
opposition to its adoption, 165, 167.
Continental Congress, the, 36;
dishonorable acts, 73, 78, 79, 80;
its condition at end of 1779, 99;
establishes four departments, 103;
instructions to commissioners, 119, 120.
Convention, New York, 59, 65;
national, 133-139.
Cornwallis, 114, 116.
Council of appointment, 64, 155;
of revisions, 64, 155;
of safety, 67, 68, 71.
Cruger, 14, 45.
Currency, condition of, 105;
table proposed, 107.
Dalrymple, General, 125.
Danton, 270, 287, 296.
Davis, Jefferson, 361.
D'Artois, Count (Charles X.), 217, 306.
Deane, Silas, 93.
Decimal system, 104, 107.
Declaration, of Independence, 47, 53;
of Rights, 178.
De Lanceys, 16, 21, 45.
D'Estaing, Count, 264.
De Flahaut, Madame, 204-207.
Democracy, 145.
Democrats, 137, 138.
Departments, 103.
De StaËl, 203;
Madame, 179, 199;
vanity of, 200, 201;
want of delicacy, 202, 203;
her estimate of the AbbÉ SieyÈs, 247;
grief for Lafayette, 317.
Disunion movements, 358, 359, 360.
Dollar, the Spanish, 106, 107.
Dumouriez, 269-272.
Dutch, descendants of, 9;
language, 13;
republicans, 17;
battle with English, 115;
in war with Spain, 132.
Ellsworth, Oliver, 160.
England, treatment of her American subjects, 4, 5;
grounds of complaint, 5;
courage, 116;
insolence, 323.
English, stock, people of, 5, 126;
language, 12, 13;
historians, 117;
hostile feeling, 228, 229;
society, 230, 231;
climate, 342.
Episcopalians, 13, 16, 18, 21, 60.
Esterhazy, 311, 312.
Extremists, 20.
Federalism, 138, 322, 323.
Federalist party, leaders of, 92, 137, 138.
Federalists, 141, 156, 321, 323, 331, 334, 335.
Foreign or non-English elements, 11, 12, 13, 34.
Foreigners, movement against, 157.
Fox, 123, 233, 236.
France, treaty with, 88;
would have Americans dependent allies, 121, 122, 123;
contrasted with America, 184;
destitute of statesmen, 241.
Franklin appointed commissioner, 119, 120, 124;
delegate to National Convention, 133;
advocate of weak central government, 137.
French, motives, 89, 90;
struggles with England, 115;
navy, 116;
admirals, 117;
government, 121;
character, 186-189;
noblesse and common people, 212;
Revolution, 170-175, 244, 258-263.
Gates, 71, 72, 73, 74.
Generals, of Revolution, 52, 116;
in Civil War, 52.
Genet, 292.
George III., 8, 228, 231.
Georgia, 8, 11, 50, 160.
Gerard, 89, 90, 122.
German auxiliaries, 119.
Germany, 144, 145, 165.
Gibraltar, 115, 116, 122.
Government, 130, 131, 144, 145.
Governor, name obnoxious, 62, 63.
Gower, Lord, 276.
Great Britain and American subjects, 4, 6;
odds against, 115;
hostility to American trade, 128.
Greene, 45, 52, 86, 113, 115, 116, 117.
Hamilton, Alexander, 10, 52, 92, 102, 104, 111;
delegate to National Convention, 133;
advocate of strong government, 225, 288.
Marmontel, 247.
Marshall, 325.
Mason, George, 160.
Merchants, 15, 19, 21.
Militia, 69, 70, 72, 113, 114.
Mirabeau, 136, 174, 200, 222, 223.
Mississippi, 90, 91, 95, 112, 113, 148.
Money, 24, 37, 128.
Monroe, 293;
recalled and rebuked, 300;
a foolish minister, 301, 302.
Montmorin, Count de, 218, 249.
Moreau, General, 341, 342.
Morris, Gouverneur, birth, 1;
descent, 2;
boyhood, 3;
college career, 20, 22;
takes part in public affairs, 23, 24;
desire for foreign travel, 25;
narrow means, 26;
in society, 27;
little faith in extreme democracy, 30, 31;
dislike for mobs, 31, 32;
plans for reunion with Great Britain, 32, 33;
delegate to Provincial Congress, 35, 36;
report and speech, 37, 38;
objects to eighth article of report, 41;
at head of patriotic party, 46, 47, 53;

able speech in favor of new governments, 53-58;
member of committees, 59;
position in regard to the Tories, 60, 61;
formation of State Constitution, 62-67;
at Schuyler's headquarters, 68-71;
efforts in behalf of Schuyler, 72;
secures reinforcements for Gates, 73;
letters to Schuyler, 74, 75;
elected to Continental Congress, 76;
visits Valley Forge, 77;
a good financier, 78, 80, 86;
endeavors to secure approval of Washington's plans, 78, 79, 83, 85;
letter to Washington, 84;
friendship with Greene, 86;
report on Lord North's conciliatory bills, 88;
prepares "Observations on the American Revolution," 88;
drafts instructions to Franklin, 89;
reply to French minister, 91;
"Observations on the Finances of America," 91;
his loyalist relatives, 92, 93;
controversy with Thomas Paine, 93, 94;
drafts instructions to our foreign ministers, 94, 95;
dispute of New York with Vermont, 96, 97;
fails of reËlection, 98;
life in Philadelphia, 99;
publishes essays on the finances, 100, 101, 102;
assistant financier, 103;
founder of national coinage, 104, 105, 106, 107;
enjoyment in society, 108, 110;
serious injury, 109;
want of insight into the future, 112, 113;
foresees final success of Greene, 113;
letters to Jay, 118, 120, 127;
advocates a firmer Union, 129, 130;
in Constitutional Convention, 133, 139, 140;
has no regard for States-rights, 142-145;
jealousy of the West, 146, 147;
views on the suffrage, 149-153;
on the power of the President, 153, 154;
on the judiciary, 155;
on Congress, 156;
speeches on the slavery question, 158, 159;
a warm advocate of the Constitution, 166;
return to New York, 167;
acts in behalf of loyalists, 167;
residence in France, 169;
letters and diary, 170, 175, 176, 183;
hostile to spirit of French Revolution, 170-175;
at home in Parisian society, 176;
opinion of Jefferson, 177;
of Lafayette, 178, 181;
views on French politics, 183-186;
distrust of French character, 185, 186, 188, 189;
National Assembly, 190, 191;
a true republican and American, 193, 194;
minor services to Washington, 195;
correspondence with Paul Jones, 196;
life in Paris, 197, 198, 199;
opinion of Madame de StaËl, 199-204;
intimacy with Madame de Flahaut, 204-207;
acquaintance with the Duchess of Orleans, 207-211, 245, 246;
literary life of the salon, 213-215;
judgment of his contemporaries, 216, 219-223;
of French people, 224;
advice to a certain painter, 226;
mission to British government, 227, 228;
English not congenial, 229, 230;
impatience at delay, 233;
interview with Pitt, 234;
is blamed for failure of negotiations, 236;
trip through Netherlands and up the Rhine, 237;
speculations of various kinds, 238, 239;
advice to Lafayette, 240-243, 260;
letter to Washington, 243-245;
fondness for the theatre, 247;
dislike to priesthood, 248, 249;
interest in home affairs, 250;
made minister to France, 252;
is advised by Washington, 252, 253;
plans for escape of the king and queen, 254, 255, 256;
his, a brilliant chapter in American diplomacy, 257, 258;
horror of the mob, 260, 261;
his house a place of refuge, 263, 264;
picture of the French, 265-268;
generosity to Lafayette family, 274, 275;
remains in Paris, 276, 277;
spirited conduct when harassed, 278, 279;
payment of American debt, 280, 281;
irritates the executive council, 281, 282;
French privateers, 283;
commentary on passing events, 283-291;
is recalled, 292, 293;
as foreign minister to be honored, 264, 294;
accurate forecast of events, 295;
clear views of French Revolution, 298;
journeys in Europe, 302;
no longer an impartial judge, 303;
estimate of Napoleon, 303, 304;
in Switzerland, 304;
in Great Britain, 305;
opinion of royalist refugees, 306, 307;
in Berlin, 308, 315;
in Vienna, 310-315;
dealings with Louis Philippe, 317, 318;
return to New York, 320;
elected to Senate, 328;
disapproves of Burr, 330;
opinion of Jefferson, 331;
speech in favor of occupying Louisiana, 337, 338;
fails of reËlection, 339;
leader in project of Erie canal, 339, 340;
life at Morrisania, 340;
marriage, 340;
formality, 341;
compares America and England, 342;
loses his satisfaction with the people and the government, and becomes soured, 345;
advocates northern secession, 347;
loses his loyalty to the nation, 352-359;
closing acts of his career unworthy of him, 352-355;
after the peace, 361;
gives sound and patriotic counsel, 362, 363;
death, 363;
character and services, 363, 364.
Morris, Robert, 102, 103, 133.
Morris, Staats Long, 15, 61, 167.
Morrisania, 1, 167, 340.
Morrises, the, 2.
Narbonne, Chevalier de, 202, 203.
National Union, 126, 140.
Nationalists, 141.
Necker, 199, 200, 218, 219, 220.
New England, 11, 161, 324;
Puritans, 5;
militia, 69;
members of Continental Congress, 71, 79, 80.
New Rochelle, 3.
New York city, 1;
society in, 26;
exposed positions, 43;
entered by Continental forces, 46;
left by peaceable citizens, 48;
held by British, 116.
New York colony, 1, 3;
battles in, 3, 4;
claim of liberty as a right, 6;
loyalty, 7, 8;
many nationalities, 9, 10;
churches, 9;
ethnic type, 11;
rivalries, 14;
government, 14;
three parties, 19;
in debt, 23;
not in full sympathy with the patriots, 35, 36;
soldiers in royal armies, 44;
famous Tory leaders, 45;
second Provincial Congress, 46;
third Provincial Congress, 47;
Declaration of Independence ratified, and State Constitution organized, 47;
adoption of the national Constitution, 165, 167.
New York State, 48;
party contests, 326.
New Yorkers, 13, 33, 96.
North Carolina, 165.
North, Lord, conciliatory bills of, 87.
Officers, in trade, 81;
foreign, 85;
French, in American Revolution, 264.
Oriskany, fight at, 10, 12, 72.
Orleans, Duchess of, 207, 208, 78, 79;
confidence in Morris, 83;
dislike to foreign officers, 85;
letter to Jay, 118;
delegate in National Convention, 133;
letter to Morris, 189, 190;
views with regard to French Revolution, 191, 192, 252, 292, 293;
a watch for, 195;
statue by Hudon, 196;
kind advice, 252, 253;
recalls Monroe, 300;
reply to letter of Morris, 306;
distrust of Jefferson, and Madison, 321.
West, the, 146, 147, 148.
Whig families, 20, 21.
White Plains, 53.
Wisdom of many worth more than wisdom of one, 136, 137.
Yorktown, 76, 116.