Should it, however, be decided to manufacture his invention, it will be found that a proper system for regular routine will be required to produce the articles within reasonable cost.

If the inventor has no special experience in manufacturing, it will be greatly to his advantage to procure information, by inspection, and carefully noting the methods employed in up-to-date manufacturing establishments, making similar articles.

Manufacturing must be carried out from "THE TOP DOWNWARDS," not from "THE BOTTOM UPWARDS." That is, the brain work in the office must be carefully planned and carried out first, and recorded in assembly and detail drawings and carefully written-up specifications.

Next a double set of metal patterns should be made to be kept in two separate places to guard against fire.

To do everything should not be attempted in the beginning, as many parts requiring special equipment and special skill, such as foundry work, drop forging, gear making, and wood work, can very often be contracted for with persons especially equipped to do that work, at less than the price it would cost to produce them by a firm which has to do a little of everything. Elimination of that much of the work permits better concentration and increased facilities for the other work, resulting in a maximum of production with a minimum of investment.

The work in the factory should be carefully divided up, and localized.

If the quantities of complete manufactured articles to be made are large, or there is a fair prospect that they will be so, and their sale is not localized, a duplicate, interchangeable system of manufacture is indispensable, and should be employed from the very beginning. In spite of the initial expenses for tools, it will be found to be a great saver of worry, annoyance, trouble, and money. Also the labor cost for duplicate parts in the making and assembling is very considerably less than if made in the "GOOD OLD WAY." This makes it possible to supply parts that will fit the machine which will be required in the course of usage, in any part of the world where it may happen to be, and which often forms a considerable part of the profits. Indeed it may be truly said that it sometimes pays to give machines away for nothing, if assured a monopoly of its repairs at one's own prices.

The "gang-boss" system in the shop will be found a material aid in producing and maintaining a desired standard of quality and quantity. It will also lessen the necessary supervision and worry in tracing, and eliminate deficient and jarring elements in production.

A healthy, accessible location, and a clean, comfortable shop are indispensable. Fair, just and considerate treatment, with an apparent ready appreciation 30 by the management, of the merits of their employees, will be duly rewarded by the willing and faithful co-operation of those on whom in a great measure the success or failure of manufacturing depends; also enhancing the value of the profits by the addition of the goodwill, and wellwishes of those who help to create it, as the want of it often mars the enjoyment of the money when earned.