[A] Leymann has dealt with the conditions of health in a large aniline factory in a later work which is referred to in detail in the section on the aniline industry.

[B] Poisoning by lead, phosphorus, and arsenic contracted in a factory or Workshop has been notifiable in Great Britain and Ireland since 1895.

[C] ‘On the Nature, Uses, and Manufacture of Ferro-silicon,’ 1909, Cd. 4958.

[D] In Great Britain section 73 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, requires every medical practitioner attending on or called in to visit a patient whom he believes to be suffering from lead, phosphorus, arsenical or mercurial poisoning, or anthrax, contracted in any factory or workshop, to notify the Chief Inspector of Factories, and a similar obligation is placed on the occupier to send written notice of every case to the inspector and certifying surgeon of the district.

The table on p. 222 shows the number of reports included in returns for the years 1900-12.

Cases of acute poisoning in factories and workshops are reportable to the Inspector and certifying surgeon, under the Notice of Accidents Act, 1906, when (a) causing loss of life or (b) due to molten metal, hot liquid, explosion, escape of gas or steam, and so disabling any person as to cause absence throughout at least one whole day from his ordinary work.

The following table gives indication of the relative frequency of cases of poisoning from gases and fumes, although some were reported as accidents the result of the unconsciousness induced:

The principal figures are those of all cases, fatal and non-fatal; the small figures relate to fatal cases.

[E] The principal numbers relate to cases, the small figures to deaths. Fatal cases not reported in previous years are included as both cases and deaths.

[F] Fischer adopts a chemical basis in his classification. His two main subdivisions are (1) inorganic and (2) organic poisons. The sub-divisions of the inorganic poisons are (a) non-metallic—chlorine, calcium chloride, hydrochloric acid, potassium chlorate, hydrofluoric acid, carbonic oxide, phosgene, carbon dioxide, cyanogen compounds, ammonia, nitrous fumes, phosphorus, phosphoretted hydrogen, arsenic compounds, antimony compounds, sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, sulphuretted hydrogen, carbon bisulphide, chloride of sulphur; and (b) metallic—chromic acid and chromates, manganese dioxide, sulphate of nickel, mercury and lead. The sub-divisions of (2) the organic substances are into (a) the unsaturated carbon compounds—benzene, petroleum, methyl-, ethyl-, amyl-, and allyl-alcohol, oxalic acid, formal- and acetaldehyde, acrolein, acetone, methyl-bromide and iodide, nitro-glycerin, dimethyl-sulphate and amyl acetate, and (b) the aromatic series benzene, nitro-, chloro-nitro-, dinitro-, chloro-dinitro-benzene, phenol, picric acid, phenyl-hydrazine, aniline, and certain aniline colours, para-nitraniline, pyridine, naphthalene, nitro-naphthalene, naphthlyamine, naphthol, benzidine, acridine, turpentine, and nicotine.

[G] A Prussian Ministerial Decree, dated March 31, 1892, deals with the preparation of nitrate of mercury.

[H] In Great Britain and Ireland the White Phosphorus Matches Prohibition Act became operative from January 1, 1910. In the United States of America a Prohibition Act became operative on July 1, 1913.

[I] Reprinted by permission of the Controller of H.M. Stationery Office.

[J] Use of Oxygen Cylinder.—Open the valve gradually by tapping the lever key (which must first be extended to its full length) with the wrist, until the oxygen flows in a gentle stream from the mouthpiece into the patient’s mouth. The lips should not be closed round the mouthpiece. The nostrils should be closed during breathing in, and opened during breathing out.

If the teeth are set, close the lips and one nostril. Let the conical end of the mouthpiece slightly enter the other nostril during breathing in, and remove it for breathing out.

[K] The suggested regulations made after his inquiry (see p. 149) by Dr. Copeman are:

1. Ferro-silicon should not be sent out from the works immediately after manufacture, but after being broken up into pieces of the size in which it is usually sold, should be stored under cover, but exposed to the air as completely as possible, for at least a month before being despatched from the works.

2. Manufacturers should be required to mark in bold letters each barrel or other parcel of ferro-silicon with the name and percentage grade (certified by chemical analysis) of the material; the name of the works where it is produced; the date of manufacture; and date of despatch.

3. The carriage of ferro-silicon on vessels carrying passengers should be prohibited. When carried on cargo boats it should, if circumstances permit, be stored on deck. If it be considered necessary to store it elsewhere, the place of storage should be capable of being adequately ventilated, and such place of storage should be cut off by airtight bulkheads from the quarters occupied by the crew of the vessel.

4. This regulation should apply to the transport of ferro-silicon on river or canal barges as well as on sea-going vessels.

5. Storage places at docks or at works where ferro-silicon is used should have provision for free access of air, and should be situated at a distance from work-rooms, mess-rooms, offices, &c.

[L] Regulations 5-7 contain precautions to be observed in the corroding chambers.