  REPRESENTATION IN THE SCOTTISH PARLIAMENT Although we know that burgesses were present at the Cambuskenneth Parliament, we possess no information as to what towns they represented. The first list of burghs in the Acts of Parliament refers to the Council held in 1357 to arrange about the ransom of King David II, and it includes the following towns:—Aberdeen, Crail, Cupar, Dumbarton, Dumfries, Dundee, Edinburgh, Haddington, Inverkeithing, Lanark, Linlithgow, Montrose, Perth, Peebles, Rutherglen, Stirling, and St. Andrews. From 1367, we have, occasionally, records of the election of burgesses to the Committee of the Articles, and these give us our only information regarding representation. (Cf. pp. 26-33.) We subjoin the first known date of the representation of any burgh at a regular meeting of the Estates in Parliament assembled. It must, of course, be understood that this list does not, in any way, pretend to completeness; the material is incomplete, and, in most cases when burghs are mentioned, up to the sixteenth century, it is only in connection with the Lords of the Articles. Fourteenth Century:—Aberdeen, Dundee, Montrose, Linlithgow, Perth, Edinburgh, Haddington (1367). Fifteenth Century:—Inverness (1439); Stirling (1449); St. Andrews, Cupar (1456); Lanark (1467); Peebles (1468); Elgin, Banff, Ayr, Irvine, Dumfries, Wigtown, Kirkcudbright, Selkirk, Jedburgh, Dunbar (1469); Forfar, Crail, Kinghorn, Inverkeithing, Dumbarton (1471); Brechin, Rutherglen, Renfrew, North Berwick (1478); Rothesay (1484); Forres (1488). Sixteenth Century:—Glasgow (1560); Tain, Nairn, Lauder (1567); Kintore, Pittenweem (1579); Kirkcaldy (1585); Burntisland (1586); Dingwall (1587); Cullen, Culross, E. and W. Anstruther (1593); Dysart (1594). Seventeenth Century:—Inverurie, Bervie, Kilrenny, Lochmaben, Annan (1612); Sanquhar (1621); Dunfermline, New Galloway (1628); Dornoch, Arbroath, Queensferry, Whithorn (1639); Fortrose, Inverary (1660); Kirkwall (1667); Stranraer (1685); Campbeltown (1689); Wick (1690). In addition to these, Berwick-on-Tweed was represented between 1469 and 1481, Cromarty from 1660-72, and Findhorn in 1648. Representation of the shires does not begin till 1593; but between that date and 1617, we find nearly all the counties represented. Argyleshire, however, does not appear till 1628, Sutherland not till 1633, and Kinross not till 1681. It gradually became usual for each burgh to send two members; but, in 1619, the Convention of Royal Burghs reduced the number to one, except in the case of Edinburgh. Under the Protectorate, Scotland was represented by twenty members for the shires and ten for the burghs, which, with the exception of Edinburgh, were divided into nine groups, each returning one member. Edinburgh, alone, returned two representatives. At the union of the Parliaments in 1707, Scotland received forty-five members. The burghs, except Edinburgh, were divided into fourteen groups, returning one member each, and one member was allotted to Edinburgh. It is to be remembered that only Royal Burghs had any representation in Scotland up to 1832, except in so far as burghs of barony were represented by the county members, along with the other freeholders of the country. When the town of Cromarty ceased to be a Royal Burgh, in 1672, it was excised from the parliamentary records. Of the remaining thirty members, each shire, except six, returned a member each. These six were divided into three groups, From these facts, various interesting conclusions can be drawn. The meagre nature of the evidence prevents our making any inferences of a constitutional nature; but the rise of the small burghs on the East coast in the end of the fifteenth century, throws considerable light upon the economic history of Scotland. It is also suggestive that the burgh of Inverary was not represented till 1660, and Argyleshire not till 1628. But such matters as these belong rather to the domain of political history, and do not fall within our province.
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