  Joint-Authors. Collations. Synonymous Subject-Headings. Participants in a Correspondence. References. Man and Wife as Joint-Authors. When a book is written by two authors, the entry is given under the first-named on the title-page. The following is an illustration of the method of treatment in such a case, and in order to make the matter clear, the title-page is set out in full as before. The whole title is printed in capital letters, and has no other punctuation than that shown. ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS TOGETHER WITH A SHORT SKETCH OF ECONOMIC HISTORY BY RICHARD T. ELY, Ph. D., LL. D. PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL ECONOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN AND GEORGE RAY WICKER, Ph. D. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF ECONOMICS IN DARTMOUTH COLLEGE NEW YORK THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD. 1910 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Upon the lines already laid down, the main-entry becomes Ely, Richard T., and George Ray Wicker. Frequently the names of the authors are seen rendered in this fashion Ely, Richard T., and Wicker, George Ray While it is essential and unavoidable that the name of the first author should be turned about to get his surname as the leading word, yet there is no object in twisting about the second author's name in like manner, as it is not so required, therefore the ordinary reading of the name is better and simpler, as given in the first entry. Unless needed to distinguish between different authors of the same name, the academical degrees are omitted, as well as any statement concerning the professorships held by these authors, although the fact that they hold such offices goes to prove their qualifications for dealing with this subject. If it were desired to direct attention to this, it could be done by means of a note or annotation to the entry, after this manner The first author is Prof. of Pol. Econ., Wisconsin Univ., and the second Asst. Prof. of Economics, Dartmouth Coll. The share of the second author in the book needs to be recognised, and this is accomplished by means of a reference, as Wicker, George Ray (Joint-Author.) See Ely, If this writer happens to be the sole author of another work, then the form of reference is made to read Wicker, George Ray. To give the reference in this form may seem to be a contradiction of the previous statement that the second author's name need not be turned about, but in this case it is necessary to point directly to the name Ely under which the entry is found. An alternative style for both the above references so far as the use of capitals and punctuation is concerned is Wicker, Geo. Ray (joint-author) see Ely, It must be borne in mind that whatever style is adopted should be strictly followed throughout. An explanation concerning the collation (number of pages) is required. The book has six prefatory leaves, paged in Roman numerals, i. to xi., made up of the half-title and the title (both unpaged), three pages of preface (the second and third being marked vi., vii.), a blank page, three pages with a list of contents (the second and third are marked x., xi.), and a blank page, making twelve pages in all. Doubt will arise in a case of this kind as to whether the title leaves and the blank pages should be taken into account, but as the printer has seen fit to include them all in his pagination, the statement of these prefatory pages is better given as A briefer form of author-entry is Ely, R. T., and G. R. Wicker. Elementary The places of publication may be shortened in this way where the abbreviation used can be readily recognised—N.Y. for New York. Examples of other places will readily occur to the cataloguer, especially if they are in common use, as Edin. for Edinburgh, Dub. for Dublin, Oxf. for Oxford, Camb. for Cambridge, Manc. for Manchester, L'pool for Liverpool, and so on. The London Library Catalogue goes much further than this, and gives A. for Amsterdam, C. for Cambridge, D. for Dublin, L. for Leipzig, and other bare initials in the same way, though they are not consistently used. It not only omits London as the place of publication from English books, as already recommended herein, but carries out the idea to the exclusion of all capital cities in the cases of native published books, leaving Paris, Berlin, Madrid, to be taken as understood when these cities are the places of publication of French, German, and Spanish books respectively. In many ways the economies effected in the London Library Catalogue are notable, though so numerous that a considerable explanatory list has to be given in the preface. The book we are dealing with would appear in this style in the Author Catalogue Ely (Richard Theodore) & G. R. Wicker. and in the Subject Index would be further condensed. The shortest form allowable in the catalogue of a popular library, without abbreviating the words, is Ely, R. T., and G. R. Wicker. In considering the subject-heading for this book, we have the choice of synonymous terms, viz., Economics and Political Economy. The first is the more modern term which is gradually supplanting the other in use, and for that reason it is the better to adopt. Having made the choice definitely, we at once proceed to write a cross-reference, which will prevent the placing of any other book upon the same subject under the discarded heading whatever be the terms on the title-page. The reader will be thus guided to the heading which has been chosen for the subject. It is a fundamental principle of the dictionary catalogue, which cannot be too often impressed upon the cataloguer, that a book is entered under its specific subject quite irrespective of the terms used upon the title-page, and that two books upon the same subject ought not to be in two places. Accordingly the reference to this end will be Political Economy. See Economics. which prevents the placing of any book under Political Economy. The subject-entry is Economics: Besides the economies in subordinate entries already referred to, it will be seen that the second author's name has "etc." substituted for it; as a well-recognised further economy that may be adopted without hesitation. No other entries of any kind are needed for the dictionary catalogue, as the book is adequately catalogued as shown. For the classified catalogue, the author-entry is marked 330.2 (300 Sociology, 330 Political Economy, 330.2 Compends), and the entries for the indexes are Economics 330 The writers of a published correspondence are regarded as joint-authors in the same way, except that a book like The correspondence of Thomas Carlyle and Ralph cannot be covered very satisfactorily by an entry under the first-named and a reference under the second, as in the Ely-Wicker above, such a book needing two entries. An examination of it shows that the letters were edited by Charles Eliot Norton, and, though this is not stated on the title-page, it goes into the principal entry, but between brackets (not parentheses), which, as Cutter says in his Rules, are important, "both as a check on indiscriminate addition and as an aid to identification." The main-entry is Carlyle, Thomas, and Ralph Waldo Emerson. and the second entry under Emerson, Ralph Waldo, and Thomas Carlyle. A reference is required under the editor's name, thus Norton, Charles E. (Ed.) See Carlyle, Thomas. Most catalogues will have a goodly number of entries under Carlyle. To enlarge the reference sufficiently to describe the particular book involves a reference as long as an entry. In such case give the entry Norton, Charles E. (Ed.) Correspondence of or, shorter still, Norton, Chas. E. (Ed.) Correspondence of Carlyle This is better than a reference, as it takes up no more room and saves the searcher the trouble of turning to another part of the catalogue. A book of this kind, obviously, has no subject-entry. In the classified catalogue a dual book like this needs two entries—one in 816.3 (American Letters) for Emerson, and another in 826.8 (English Letters) for Carlyle, with the index entries Carlyle, Thos. Correspondence with Emerson, 826.8 The book itself cannot go under both these numbers on the shelves; choice of one must be made, preferably the Carlyle number, though this does not affect the entries in the catalogue except A somewhat exceptional example of joint-authors, fortunately for the cataloguer, is that of a man and wife whose names appear on their books sometimes with the one leading, sometimes the other. This is to be found in the books by the mountaineers and explorers Mr. and Mrs. Workman, two of whose books may be taken to illustrate the matter, and catalogued as they would be under ordinary circumstances, viz., Workman, William Hunter and Fanny Bullock. Owing to the names being reversed, these entries would not come together in the catalogue, so the cataloguer is quite justified in stretching the meaning of the rules in order to avoid their separation. The name that appears first in the majority of the books by the two authors is adopted for the entry, which in this case is the lady. Accordingly the first book will be brought under the second form of the names, and other books they have written conjointly will be so entered, that all of them may come together. In order to prevent misunderstanding, and lest the second name be read as Hunter, the names can be shortened, as Workman, Fanny B. and Wm. H. In the ice It is allowable to interpret "fourteen thousand" as 14,000, in the middle of a title, as above; if the title commenced with it, the words are better. Although the separate names of these authors may come together in the catalogue, it is better not to anticipate that they will, so it is safer to give the necessary reference— Workman, William H. (joint-author.) See Workman, At the time of printing this reference may be omitted if it is found that no other name comes between, though the reference stands if the rules are literally followed. For the first of these two books the subject-entry is Himalayas, The: and two references will be desirable and necessary, India: The first of these will insure that a person requiring books upon India in all parts will not overlook As the journey chronicled in the second of these books covered the length and breadth of India, it is entered under the name of the country accordingly, and placed in that sub-division of the subject allotted to books of travel. India: Any subject-heading comprising a comparatively large number of books is better sub-divided, as it not only facilitates reference, but in a way indicates the character of the books. Here again title-entries under "In" or "Through" would be useless and wasteful. For the classified catalogue the first of these books is marked 915.42 (History, Geography and Travels, Asia, India, North-west Provinces, etc.), and the second 915.4 (Travels in India generally). The index-entries are Workman, F. B., &c. Ice world of HimÁlaya. 915.42. |
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