The following three Tables are very commonly used in China, and the speaker of the language should be familiar with them.

MEASURE OF WEIGHT

• One ounce, ih °liang ??.
• One catty (16 ounces), ih kyung ??.
• One picul (100 catties), ih tan° ??.

MEASURE OF DISTANCE

• 1/10th of an inch, ih fung ??.
• One inch, ih tshung° ??.
• One foot (ten inches in Chinese measure), ih tshak ??.
• Tea feet, ih °dzang ??.

MEASURE OF AREA

• One square foot, ih faung tshak ???.
• One hundred square feet, ih faung ??.
• A mow, ih °m ?? (one sixth of an acre).

CURRENCY

Until recently, aside from copper cash, the Chinese had no regular system of currency. An ounce of silver was taken as a standard. The following Table is based upon that:—

• An ounce of silver, ih °liang nyung-°ts ????.
• (1/10th of an ounce, ih dzien ??.
• (1/10th of a dzien, ih fung ??.
• (1/10th of a fung, ih li ??.
• (1/10th of a li, ih ‘au ??.

VOCABULARY

• To expound, explain, °kaung ?.
• To preach, °kaung-su ??.
• To exhort, choen° ?, choen°-mien ??, choen°-‘oo ??.
• To gather, as fruit or flowers, °tshe ?.
• To boil zah ?, (used in regard to water), or °kwung ?.
• To weigh, tshung ?.
• To measure, liang ?, or °ien ?.
• To carry in arms like a child, °bau ?.
• To carry a load (one man, with load suspended on two ends of a bamboo), thiau ?.
• To carry a load (load suspended on a bamboo pole between two men), kaung ?.
• To carry a load on the back, pe° ?.
• To carry a load on the shoulder, jien ?.
• To carry a load in one hand, ling ?.
• A tiger, ih tsak °lau-°hoo ????.
• A dish, ih tsak dzang bung-°ts ?????.
• A saucer, ih tsak dzo bung-°ts ?????.
• A wine glass, ih tsak °tsieu pe ????.
• A cooking stove, ih tsak thih-tsau° (foreign), ????, tsau°-deu (Chinese), ??.
• Gold, kyung-°ts ??.
• Silver, nyung-°ts ??.
• Iron, thih ?.
• Tin, sih ?.
• Brass, doong ?.
• Lead, khan ?.
• A railroad carriage, ih boo °hoo-tsho ????.
• A steam boat, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen ?????.
• A pair of spectacles, ih foo° °ngan-kyung° ????.
• A set of tools or instruments, ih foo° ka-sang ????.
• A cannon, ih tsung phau° ???.
• Cotton, hwo ?.
• Cotton stalks, hwo-ji ??.
• Cotton (already ginned), mien-hwo ??.
• A plant of wheat, ih khoo mak ???.
• A plant of rice, ih khoo dau° ???.
• Vegetables, tshe° ?.
• Dishes of vegetables and meat placed on the table for meals, °siau-tshe° ??.
• A shoulder, ih tsak kyien ka ????.
• A bag, ih tsak de ???.
• Back, pe° ?.
• A field, ih khwe° dien ???.
• Soil, mud, lan°-nyi ??.
• Poor man, joong-nyung ??.
• Rich man, dze-°tsu-nyung ???.

°Kwhung (?) is the classifier denoting bundles of things.

• A bundle of fuel, ih °kwhung za ???, ih °kwung dau-za ????.
• Still, yet, dzung-jeu° ??.
• Among, taung-tsoong ??.
• All (collective), zen ?.

EXERCISES

(Translate into English)

• (1) Noong° choen°-choen° yi ’veh iau° °doong-chi°.
• (2) Khoen°-kyien° °liang kuh nyung siang-°tang meh iung-ke choen°-‘oo yi-la.
• (3) Di°-tsak siang-°ts °ngoo °i-kyung liang-koo°-hyih-tse °z san tshak dzang °lau nyi° tshak s° tshung kwheh.
• (4) La° hwo-yoen °li °tshe hwo °z ’man °hau beh-siang°.
• (5) Di°-kuh °liang tsak siang-°ts ih kuh nyung thiau-’veh-°chi °z iung-ke kaung kuh.
• (6) Kyung, nyung, doong, thih, sih, Tsoong-kok nyung kyau° °ng kyung.
• (7) Tsoong°-dien-nyung la° toong °li tsoong° mak, la° tshung laung° tsoong° hwo.
• (8) La° °ng kyung taung-tsoong thih °z °ting °yeu yoong°-deu, doo° °lau °siau kuh meh-z° zen °khau-°i tsoo° kuh.
• (9) °Ngoo-kuh bang-yeu °z °jung-z°-°ngan °soo-°i iau° ta° °ngan-kyung°.
• (10) °S faung° la° thih-tsau° laung°, °kwung-ih-°kwung.
• (11) Dze-°tsu-nyung tsak dzeu°-doen° °lau joong-nyung tsak poo°.
• (12) Di°-kuh nyung °kaung-su °kaung le ’man °hau thing.
• (13) Dih la kuh °mi tshung-tshung khoen° kyung-°liang te° va°.
• (14) Di° kwhe° di°-be °yeu °kyi °m? iak-tsak °yeu lok °m.
• (15) La° °ya-seu° taung-tsoong Tsoong-kok nyung °ting pho° kuh °z °lau-°hoo.
• (16) We°-ts °siau-noen la° khok °lau, °nyui-nyung °bau la° seu °li.
• (17) Nyok °lau tshe° ih-dau° kyau° °siau-tshe°.
• (18) Lok-tsen °z lan°-nyi tsoo° la° kuh, °zau vaung-°ts °ting °yeu yoong°-deu.
• (19) Di°-kuh yang-dien ’veh °hau, ’veh °z nyung-ts, °z khan kuh.
• (20) °Ngoo wan iau° °ma dzang-bung-°ts, dzo-bung-°ts, °lau °tsieu-pe.
• (21) Tung-loong °khau-°i ling la° °seu °li, ih kung mok-deu °khau-°i jien la° kyien-ka laung°, de meh pe° la pe° laung°.
• (22) °Ng-seh nyien zien-deu, Tsoong-kok m-meh °hoo-tsho °lau °hoo-lung-zen, yien°-°dze zen °yeu-kuh.
• (23) Tsau-zung-deu °ngoo thing-tuh ping-ting faung° phau°.
• (24) Yien°-°dze m-meh za, ’veh °hau sang °hoo, iau° noong° chi° °ma °liang san °kwhung.
• (25) Nyeu °lau °mo la° dien °li chuh °tshau.

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(Translate into Chinese)

• (1) The Chinese make most of their clothing out of cotton.
• (2) Among the pupils this one is the brightest.
• (3) I will tell you a wonderful thing: two men were fighting, and a woman came and exhorted them to peace.
• (4) Among the metals, gold is the most precious.
• (5) The dollars used in China are made of silver.
• (6) How many men will it take to carry the stove?
• (7) I think four men can carry it.
• (8) How much ought I to give the ricksha coolie?
• (9) I think thirty cents is sufficient.
• (10) There are still many men in Shanghai who have never been in a railway carriage.
• (11) Most of the Chinese scholars wear spectacles.
• (12) I have been gathering apples and peaches in the garden.
• (13) The carpenter has not brought his tools, and so can do no work.
• (14) A Chinese foot has ten inches, a foreign foot has twelve.
• (15) In China, wood and rice and cotton stalks are used as fuel.

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