| Eastern Europe and Asia Minor. | France and Spain. |
| 475–491 | Emperor Zeno. |
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| | 481–511 | Clovis, King of the Franks. |
| | 486 | Battle of Soissons. |
| 491–518 | Emperor Anastasius. |
| 518–527 | Emperor Justin I. |
| 527–565 | Emperor Justinian. |
| 565–578 | Emperor Justin II. |
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| | 585 | Visigothic Conquest of Spain complete. |
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| 610–641 | Emperor Heraclius. |
| 622 | The ‘Hijrah’. |
| 626 | Siege of Constantinople by Chosroes. |
| 627 | Battle of Nineveh. |
| 634 | Battle of Yermuk. |
| | 628–638 | Dagobert I. |
| 637 | Jerusalem taken by the Moslems. |
| 642–668 | Emperor Constans II. |
| 668–685 | Emperor Constantine IV (Pogonatus). |
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| 685–695 | }Justinian II. |
| 705–711 |
| | 712 | Battle of Guadalete. |
| 715–717 | Theodosius III. | 714–741 | Charles Martel, ‘Mayor of the Palace’. |
| 717–740 | Leo ‘the Isaurian’. |
| | 732 | Battle of Poitiers. |
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| | 751 | Dethronement of the Merovingians. |
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| 786–809 | Haroun al-Raschid, Caliph of Bagdad. | 768–814 | Charlemagne, King of the Franks. |
| 780–797 | Emperor Constantine VI. |
| 797–802 | Empress Irene. |
| | 814–840 | Louis I ‘the Pious’. |
| | 842 | Oath of Strasbourg. |
| | 843 | Treaty of Verdun. |
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| Italy. | Central and Northern Europe. |
| 476 | Romulus Augustulus deposed, Odoacer becomes ‘Patrician’. |
| 489 | Invasion of Italy by the Ostrogoths. | 480 | Landing of the Angles in Britain. |
| 493–526 | Theoderic, King of Italy. |
| 556 | Conquest of Italy by Justinian. |
| 568 | Conquest of North Italy by the Lombards. | 563 | St. Columba’s Mission to Scotland. |
| | 577 | Victory of West Saxons at Dyrham. |
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| 590–604 | Pope Gregory ‘the Great’. | 597 | Mission of St. Augustine to England. |
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| 741–752 | Pope Zacharias. | 743 | Boniface becomes Archbishop of Mainz. |
| 753 | End of Exarchate of Ravenna. |
| 752–757 | Pope Stephen II. |
| 772–795 | Pope Adrian I. |
| 795–816 | Pope Leo III. |
| 800 | Charlemagne crowned in Rome. |
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| | 837–878 | Struggle between West Saxons and Danes. |
| | 843–876 | Louis ‘the German’. |
| 858–867 | Pope Nicholas I. |
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| Eastern Europe and Asia Minor. | France and Spain. |
| 873–867 | Rupture between Churches of East and West. | 880–888 | Charles ‘the Fat’, Emperor of the West. |
| 867–886 | Emperor Basil I. | 885 | Siege of Paris by the Northmen. |
| | 909 | Foundation of Cluni. |
| | 898–929 | Charles ‘the Simple’. |
| | 987–996 | Hugh Capet, King of France. |
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| | 1031 | Break up of Caliphate of Cordova. |
| 1039 | ‘Seljuk’ Turks conquer Caliphate of Bagdad. |
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| 1081–1118 | Emperor Alexius Commenus I. |
| 1096–1099 | The First Crusade. |
| 1099 | Capture of Jerusalem by Crusaders. |
| 1118 | Order of Templars founded. |
| | 1138 | St. Bernard attacks Abelard. |
| 1146–1149 | Second Crusade. | 1153 | Death of St. Bernard. |
| 1187 | Saladin takes Jerusalem. | 1180–1223 | Philip II ‘Augustus’ of France. |
| 1189–1192 | Third Crusa
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