  Dr. Junker greatly enjoyed the quiet, peaceful life which his friend was leading on the extreme frontier of civilization, but many serious questions were troubling him, and he availed himself of the first leisure moments to ask Emin about the condition of the slave trade in the Soudan. “I heard in Europe,” he said, “that this shameful business was to be entirely suppressed and yet I have been for a year among these unfortunate people in the district of Bahr-el-Ghazal and have seen how the Arab robbers in armed bands have fallen upon the poor negroes, carried off the young women and boys, driven away their herds, often burned their villages, and left ruin and desolation in their wake. It is dreadful to think that so many of these poor captives have perished on the way from hunger and brutal treatment and that they have been needlessly sacrificed. And yet it is asserted that the Egyptian government has abolished the slave trade and made the exporting of blacks impossible.” Emin replied in his deep, sonorous voice: “You have touched perhaps the most painful wound from which the welfare and civilization of this region, so richly blest by Nature, are suffering. But where shall one begin to cure the evil? The negro people of the interior sell their prisoners, captured in their petty wars, and look upon it as their surest source of revenue. The Niam-Niam and other tribes simply eat their prisoners, and it is surely a step in advance if they sell instead of eat the unlucky victims. Those Arab hordes which have invaded the Soudan from Egypt and Nubia with their hireling soldiers are the worst. They have established fortified stations from which they systematically conduct their hunting expeditions. “The Nile officials should not let them escape with their black plunder, but no Egyptian or Turk can resist ‘backsheesh,’ and they know a thousand ways in which they can transport their black freight by night to the shores of the Red Sea and get it into Arabia. Those slaves which are actually sold for household servants are often better off, for most of the Moslems are kind to their servants. There is not much work for them, for every household has from twenty to thirty and sometimes fifty servants and they stay with the family to the end of their lives, for the Turks consider it dishonorable to sell their servants. But man-hunting is not the less objectionable on that account, and yet how are these dealers to support themselves? The government has monopolized the ivory business and there is nothing else to be found in the interior. The Moslems have learned no kind of hand work and they would rather starve than do it. I have driven that hangman’s brood from my domain, but it was not accomplished without hard fighting. You can hardly imagine what a multitude of lazy, useless vagabonds live upon the poor negroes. “The people supply them with ivory, grain of various kinds, honey, wax, and butternut oil, but none of this comes to the government storehouse. It is all lavished in the most scandalous manner by the officials upon their hangers-on and dependents. These people not only pay for nothing, but they take everything they can. In the Amadi district, for instance, there are at least ten thousand negroes, and they had to support two thousand good-for-nothings by their field labor, for they have neither hunting nor live stock. They did not even allow these poor men to work quietly in their fields. If any complaint was made, in two days five hundred of them were carried off. But I have subdued them by fire and sword, and to-day my negroes enjoy their possessions and their families are brought up without the fear that their half-grown children will be carried off by brute force. “It is difficult to succeed here, for the government does not support me and almost feels as if the officials were justified in robbing the negroes, as it sometimes cannot pay them for a year at a time. But the greatest absurdity is the edict issued from Khartoum, forbidding merchants to go to these provinces. During the whole six years of my administration here only nine steamers have come up the Nile, and we are so destitute of absolutely necessary things that I have to economize, for instance, in writing paper in continual fear that my stock will give out before I can get more.” “I shall be delighted,” said Dr. Junker with a smile, “if I can help you with some trifles. I have still a hamper which I brought out of the wilderness that has not been touched, filled with all those objects that they do not care for there, and with which they would part for money.” “No, no, I do not need them,” replied Emin. “In a few weeks I shall be at home. How precious the word sounds!” But Junker produced his treasures, spread them out on the big tables, and invited Emin and his officers to help themselves. All were delighted. A little package of cigarette paper was instantly pounced upon. A little Parisian folding table with two leaves, a woven hammock and a large tent screen were given to Emin as a present. Books, various instruments, a revolver, and a small gun were also very welcome. Dr. Junker’s servants and maids received for their share pearls, copper and bronze bracelets, needles, thread, knives, and scissors, which are used as a medium of exchange among the savages in place of money. Linen garments were also divided among them, but two pieces of woollen stuffs and a new costume were retained by Dr. Junker, as he reflected that he might have use for them later. |
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