William Haines Lytle, a distinguished American general and poet, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 2, 1826, and was killed at the Battle of Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1863. His best-known poems are “Antony to Cleopatra,” and “Jacqueline.”

Benvenuto Cellini, a famous Italian sculptor, metal-worker, and writer of memoirs, was born in Florence, November 3, 1500, and died there, February 13, 1571. His “Autobiography” won for him an important place in letters.

William Cullen Bryant, the celebrated American poet, was born in Cummington, Mass., November 3, 1794, and died in New York, June 12, 1878. His poetical works include: “The Yellow Violet,” “Poems,” “To a Water-fowl,” “The Ages,” “The West Wind,” “June,” “The Fountain and Other Poems,” “Death of the Flowers,” “The White-Footed Deer and Other Poems,” “The Flood of Years,” and his famous “Thanatopsis.” He also wrote: “Letters of a Traveler,” “Letters from the East,” “Letters from Spain,” etc.

Augustus Montague Toplady, a distinguished Anglican divine, was born November 4, 1740, and died August 11, 1778. He is chiefly known as a writer of hymns and poems including: “Rock of Ages,” and the collections entitled, “Poems on Sacred Subjects.”

James Montgomery, a noted English poet and hymn-writer, was born at Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland, November 4, 1771, and died at Sheffield, England, April 30, 1854. He wrote: “The World Before the Flood,” “The West Indies,” “Greenland,” “Original Hymns,” “Prose by a Poet,” etc.

Hans Sachs, the famous German meistersinger, was born at Nuremberg, November 5, 1494, and died January 19 or 20, 1576. A complete collection of his works has never been published.

Washington Allston, a renowned American painter, poet, and romancer, was born at Waccamaw, S. C., November 5, 1779, and died at Cambridge, Mass., July 9, 1843. He wrote: “The Sylph of the Seasons and Other Poems,” “Monaldi,” “Lectures on Art and Poems,” etc.

Ella Wheeler Wilcox, a popular American poet, was born at Johnstown Centre, Wis., November 5, 1845, and died October 31, 1919. Among her volumes are: “Maurine,” “Poems of Passion,” “Poems of Pleasure,” etc. She is best known for her poem, “The Way of the World.”

Colley Cibber, a noted English dramatist, was born in London, November 6, 1671, and died there, December 12, 1757. Among his dramatic works are: “Love’s Last Shift,” “She Would and She Would Not,” “The Careless Husband,” and “Love Makes a Man.”

William Black, a celebrated Scottish novelist, was born November 6, 1841, and died in 1898. Among his popular novels are: “Love or Marriage,” “In Silk Attire,” “A Daughter of Heth,” “Madcap Violet,” “Three Feathers,” “Yolande,” “The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton,” “Macleod of Dare,” “White Heather,” “Donald Ross of Heimra,” “Highland Cousins,” “Wild Eelin,” and his most famous work, “A Princess of Thule.” He also wrote a “Life of Goldsmith.”

Andrew Dickson White, a distinguished American scholar and diplomat, was born at Homer, N. Y., November 7, 1832, and died in 1918. He has written: “Outlines of Lectures on MediÆval and Modern History,” “The Plan of Organization for Cornell University,” “The New Education,” “Report on Co-Education of the Sexes,” “The Warfare of Science,” “Seven Great Statesmen in the Warfare of Humanity with Unreason,” “The Work of Benjamin Hale,” “Lecture on the Problem of High Crime in the United States,” etc.

William Wirt, a renowned American lawyer and author, was born at Bladensburg, Md., November 8, 1772, and died at Washington, D. C., February 18, 1834. He wrote: “Letters of a British Spy,” “The Rainbow,” and his best known work, “Sketches of the Life and Character of Patrick Henry.”

Edward Robert Bulwer, Earl of Lytton (“Owen Meredith”), an English poet and novelist of great fame, was born in London, November 8, 1831, and died in Paris, November 24, 1891. His writings include: “The Wanderer,” “Clytemnestra, the Earl’s Return, and Other Poems,” “Fables in Song,” “Glenaveril,” “King Poppy,” “The Ring of Amasis,” and his famous novel in verse, “Lucile.”

Mark Akenside, a noted English poet, was born at Newcastle-on-Tyne, November 9, 1721, and died in London, June 23, 1770. His most famous work, “Pleasures of the Imagination,” won for him great fame.

Ivan Sergeyevitch Turgenev, a celebrated Russian novelist, was born in Orel, November 9, 1818, and died in Bougival, near Paris, September 3, 1883. Among his numerous works may be mentioned: “Improvidence,” “Poems,” “The Conversation,” “Two Friends,” “Quiet Life,” “First Love,” “On the Eve,” “Hamlet and Don Quixote,” “Fathers and Children,” “Visions,” “The Brigadier,” “A Strange Tale,” “The Watch,” “Some One Knocks,” “The Dream,” “Song of Triumphant Love,” “The Old Portraits,” “A House of Gentlefolk,” “Poems in Prose,” etc., etc.

Martin Luther, the illustrious church reformer, was born at Eisleben, in Saxony, November 10, 1483, and died there, February 18, 1546. Among his works may be mentioned: “The Babylonian Captivity of the Church,” “The Slave Will,” “Letters,” “Table Talk,” and the treatise, “Against Henry, King of England.”

Oliver Goldsmith, the renowned English-Irish poet, novelist, and dramatist, was born in Pallas, County Longford, Ireland, November 10, 1728, and died at London, April 4, 1774. Among his celebrated works may be mentioned: “The Traveller,” “The Citizen of the World,” “The Good-Natured Man,” “She Stoops to Conquer,” “The Deserted Village,” and “The Vicar of Wakefield.”

Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller, the great German poet and dramatist, was born in Marbach on the Neckar, November 10, 1759, and died at Weimar, May 9, 1805. His greatest works are: “Inquiry into the Connection Between the Animal and Spiritual Nature of Man,” “Don Carlos,” “The Robbers,” “Fiesco,” “History of the Revolt of the Netherlands from Spanish Rule,” “History of the Thirty Years’ War,” “The Ghost Seer,” “Love and Intrigue,” “The Piccolomini,” “Maria Stuart,” “The Bride of Messina,” “The Maid of Orleans,” “William Tell,” etc.

George Macdonald, a famous Scottish poet and novelist, was born at Huntley, November 10, 1824, and died in 1905. Besides his numerous poems, he has written: “Annals of a Quiet Neighborhood,” “Robert Falconer,” “David Elginbrod,” “Wilfred Cumbermede,” “Malcolm,” “Sir Gibbie,” “What’s Mine’s Mine,” “Lilith,” “Unspoken Sermons”; also, “The Princess and the Goblin,” “At the Back of the North Wind,” etc.

Cincinnatus Heine Miller (Joaquin Miller), a noted American poet, was born in Wabash District, Ind., November 10, 1841, and died in 1912. Among his works are: “The Baroness of New York,” “The Danites,” “Songs of the Soul,” “Songs of Mexican Seas,” “Collected Poems,” “’49, or the Gold Seekers of the Sierras,” etc.

Henry Van Dyke, a distinguished Presbyterian clergyman and diplomat, was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania, November 10, 1852. Among his numerous works are: “The Story of the Psalms,” “The Poetry of Tennyson,” “The Christ Child in Art,” “The Friendly Year,” “The Ruling Passion,” “The Blue Flower,” “The Open Door,” “Select Poems of Tennyson,” “Music and Other Poems,” “Out of Doors in the Holy Land,” “The Spirit of America,” “The Story of the Other Wise Man,” “Poems in War Times,” “The Red Flower,” “Collected Poems,” “The Sad Shepherd,” “The Mansion,” “The Unknown Quantity,” “The Grand Canyon and Other Poems,” “The Lost Boy,” etc.

William Maginn, a famous Irish scholar, poet and journalist, was born at Cork, November 11, 1793, and died at Walton on Thames, August 20, 1842. With Hugh Fraser, he founded Fraser’s Magazine in 1830. A partial collection of his writings is found in “Miscellanies” (1855-57), edited by R. Shelton Mackenzie. His best stories are “Bob Burke’s Duel with Ensign Brady” and “The City of Demons.”

Louis Charles Alfred de Musset, one of the greatest of French poets, was born in Paris, November 11, 1810, and died there, May 1, 1857. Among his writings are: “Tales of Spain and Italy,” “A Night of May,” “A Night of December,” “A Night of August,” “A Night of October,” “Letter to Lamartine,” “Hope in God,” “Nights,” “Emmeline,” “Titian’s Son,” “Frederick and Bernerette,” “A Play in an Arm-Chair,” etc.

Henry Mills Alden, a celebrated American editor, poet, and prose-writer, was born at Mt. Tabor, Vt., November 11, 1836, and died October 7, 1919. Among his works are: “God in His World,” “The Ancient Lay of Sorrow,” “A Study of Death,” “Magazine Writing and the New Literature,” and “Harper’s Pictorial History of the Civil War” (with A. H. Guernsey).

Thomas Bailey Aldrich, a renowned American poet, author, and essayist, was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, November 11, 1836, and died in 1907. His works include: “Marjorie Daw and Other People,” “Prudence Palfrey,” “Complete Poems,” “The Queen of Sheba,” “The Stillwater Tragedy,” “The Story of a Bad Boy,” etc.

Richard Baxter, an eminent English divine and author, was born at Rowton, Shropshire, November 12, 1615, and died in London, December 8, 1691. His literary fame rests chiefly on his celebrated work, “The Saints’ Everlasting Rest.”

Joseph Hopkinson, a noted American jurist and composer of the famous patriotic song, “Hail Columbia,” was born at Philadelphia, November 12, 1770, and died there, January 15, 1842.

Ray Palmer, a distinguished American clergyman, and hymn-writer, was born at Little Compton, R. I., November 12, 1808, and died at Newark, N. J., March 29, 1887. He published: “Spiritual Improvement,” “Hymns and Sacred Pieces,” “Hymns of My Holy Hours,” etc. His best known hymn is, “My Faith Looks up to Thee,” which has been translated into twenty languages.

Saint Augustine, the most famous of the Latin fathers of the Church, and of patristic writers, was born in Tagasta, Numidia, November 13, 354, and died at Hippo, August 28, 430. His most noted works are: “City of God,” “Grace of Christ,” “Original Sin,” and his “Confessions.”

Esaias TegnÉr, an illustrious Swedish poet, was born at Kyrkerud, Wermland, Sweden, November 13, 1782, and died at WexiÖ, November 2, 1846. He wrote: “Frithiof’s Saga” (epic ballads), “Axel,” “NattvÄrdsbarned,” and his celebrated poem, “Svea,” crowned by the Swedish Academy.

Robert Louis Stevenson, a Scotch novelist, poet and essayist, of great renown, was born in Edinburgh, November 13, 1850, and died at Apia, Samoa, December 3, 1894. Among his publications are: “Familiar Studies of Men and Books,” “An Inland Voyage,” “Edinburgh: Picturesque Notes,” “New Arabian Nights,” “Treasure Island,” “Prince Otto,” “A Child’s Garden of Verses,” “Kidnapped,” “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,” “Underwoods,” “Memoirs and Portraits,” “Ballads,” “The Merry Men and Other Tales,” “The Black Arrow,” “The Ebb Tide,” “A Foot-Note to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa,” “David Balfour,” “Island Nights’ Entertainments,” “Essays and Criticisms,” etc.

Adam Gottlob OehlenschlÄger, a noted Danish poet, was born near Copenhagen, November 14, 1779, and died January 20, 1850. He has written: “The Life of Christ Annually Repeated in Nature,” “Poems,” “First Song of the Edda,” “Palnatoke,” “A Journey to Langeland,” “Earl Hakon,” “Axel and Valborg,” “The Little Shepherd Boy,” “Socrates,” “Hamlet,” etc.

Richard Henry Dana (The Elder), an American poet and essayist of great fame, was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 15, 1787, and died February 2, 1879. His poetical works include: “The Dying Raven,” “The Buccaneers,” “The Change of Home,” etc. Among his short stories are: “Edward and Mary,” and “Paul Fenton.”

Charles Blanc, a distinguished French art critic, was born November 15, 1813, and died in 1882. He wrote: “A History of Painters of All Schools,” “The Treasure of Curiosity,” “Grammar of the Arts of Design,” “The Dutch School of Painters,” “Grammar of Painting and Engraving,” etc.

Jean Baptiste le Rond d’Alembert, an eminent French philosopher, mathematician and man of letters, was born in Paris, November 16, 1717, and died there, October 9, 1783. Among his works are: “Literary and Philosophical Miscellanies,” “Elements of Philosophy,” etc. He also wrote the “Preliminary Discourse,” or introduction to the great French Encyclopedia.

John Bright, a distinguished English statesman, was born near Rochdale, in Lancashire, November 16, 1811, and died March 27, 1889. His “Public Letters,” appeared in 1885, and his speeches and addresses were published in the years 1867-69-79.

George Grote, a famous English historian, was born in Clay Hill, Kent, November 17, 1794, and died in London, June 18, 1871. He is best known by his celebrated work, “History of Greece.”

William Schwenck Gilbert, a celebrated English librettist and comic-poet and prose-writer, was born in London, November 18, 1836, and died in 1911. He wrote: “The Bab Ballads,” and several famous comic operas, among which are: “Pinafore,” “Patience,” “The Mikado,” “Ruddygore,” and “The Pirates of Penzance.”

John Bunyan, a renowned English author, was born in Elstow, Bedford, November 19 (?), 1628, and died in London, August 31, 1688. He wrote numerous works, the most famous being: “The Pilgrim’s Progress,” “Grace Abounding,” and the “Holy War.”

Thomas Chatterton, the famous young English poet, was born in Bristol, November 20, 1752, and died at London, August 25, 1770. He wrote numerous poems and plays, but he is best remembered as the author of the so-called “Rowley Poems,” which were collected and published by T. Tyrwhitt in 1777.

FranÇois Marie Arouet de Voltaire, the illustrious French writer, was born in Paris, November 21, 1694, and died there, May 30, 1778. Among his famous works are: “Artemire,” “Mariamne,” “Letters on the English,” “History of Charles XII,” “Philosophical Letters,” “The Temple of Taste,” “Elements of Newton’s Philosophy,” “The Maid of Orleans,” “The Prodigal Son,” “MÉrope,” “Discourse on Man,” “Poem on Natural Law,” “Candide,” “Semiramis,” “AmÉlie,” “Republican Ideas,” “Tales,” “Catechism of the Honest Man,” “Irene,” “TancrÈde,” “Socrates,” “Century of Louis XV,” “The Bible at Last Explained,” “ZaÏre,” “The Ingenuous One,” etc., etc.

Bryan Waller Procter, an eminent English poet and man of letters, was born in Wiltshire, November 21, 1787, and died at London, October 4, 1874. Among his works are: “A Sicilian Story,” “Dramatic Scenes and Other Poems,” “Mirandola” (a tragedy), “English Songs,” “The Flood of Thessaly,” “Essays and Tales,” “Charles Lamb: a Memoir,” and the “Life of Edmund Kean.”

Sir A. T. Quiller-Couch, a celebrated English writer of fiction, was born in Cornwall, November 21, 1863. He has written: “The Astonishing History of Troy Town,” “Dead man’s Rock,” “The Splendid Spur,” “The Blue Pavilions,” “The Delectable Duchy,” “Wandering Heath,” “Adventures in Criticism,” “Poems and Ballads,” “The Ship of Stars,” “The Westcotes,” “The White Wolf,” “From a Cornish Window,” “Sir John Constantine,” “True Tilda,” “Brother Copas,” “The Vigil of Venus and Other Poems,” “Lady Good-for-Nothing,” “News from the Duchy,” “The Oxford Book of Ballads,” “Poison Island,” “Corporal Sam and Other Stories,” “Nicky-Nan Reservist,” “On the Art of Writing,” “Hocken and Hunken,” etc.

Mary Ann Evans (“George Eliot”), the great English novelist, was born at Arbury Farm, Chilvers Coton, Warwickshire, November 22, 1819, and died in London, December 22, 1880. Among her many works are: “Scenes of Clerical Life,” “Adam Bede,” “The Mill on the Floss,” “Romola,” “The Spanish Gypsy,” “Agatha” (a poem), “Felix Holt,” “Daniel Deronda,” “Middlemarch,” “Jubal and Other Poems,” etc., etc.

Justin McCarthy, an eminent Irish politician, journalist, historian, novelist and miscellaneous writer, was born at Cork, November 22, 1830, and died April 24, 1912. He has written: “A History of Our Own Times,” “History of the Four Georges,” “A Fair Saxon,” “Lady Judith,” “The Story of Gladstone’s Life,” “Modern England,” “The Reign of Queen Anne,” “Reminiscences,” “The Story of an Irishman,” “Irish Recollections,” etc. Also the biographies of Sir Robert Peel, Pope Leo XIII, and W. E. Gladstone.

Benedict Spinoza, a renowned philosopher, was born at Amsterdam, November 23, 1632, and died at The Hague, February 21, 1677. He wrote: “Tractate on God and Man and Man’s Felicity,” “Theologico-Political Tractate,” and his most famous work, “Ethics Demonstrated Geometrically.”

Laurence Sterne, an English novelist of great fame, was born at Clonmel, Ireland, November 24, 1713, and died in London, March 18, 1768. His most noted works are: “Tristram Shandy,” “The Sermons of Mr. Yorick,” and “A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy.”

Henry Thomas Buckle, a distinguished English historian, was born in Lee, Kent, November 24, 1821, and died in Damascus, May 29, 1862. He is best known for his great work, “The History of Civilization in England” (2 vols. 1857-61). His “Miscellaneous and Posthumous Works” were edited by Helen Taylor in 1872, and a new edition by Grant Allen in 1880.

Lope de Vega, “Tome Burguillos,” a renowned Spanish dramatist, was born in Madrid, November 25, 1562, and died August 21, 1635. Among his many works may be mentioned: “Jerusalem Conquered,” “Angelica,” “King and Peasant,” “Circe,” “Andromeda,” “Philomela,” “Orpheus,” “Proserpine,” “San Isidro,” “The Dragon,” “The Maid of Almudena,” “Journey Through My Country,” besides numerous sonnets, etc.

William Cowper, an illustrious English poet, was born in Great Berkhamstead, Hertfordshire, November 26, 1731, and died at East Dereham, Norfolk, April 25, 1800. His works include: “Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey,” “The Task,” “Poems” (1798), etc.

Frances Anne Kemble, a noted English actress, was born in London, November 27, 1809, and died there, January 16, 1893. She wrote: “Recollections of a Girlhood,” “Recollections of Later Life,” “Journal of a Residence on a Georgia Plantation,” and her “Journal.”

William Blake, a celebrated English poet and artist, was born in London, November 28, 1757, and died there, August 12, 1827. He has published: “Poetical Sketches,” “Songs of Innocence,” “Songs of Experience,” etc. His “Prophetic Books,” including: “Book of Thel,” “Marriage of Heaven and Hell,” “Book of Urizen,” “Book of Los,” “Book of Ahania,” “Jerusalem,” and “Milton,” are famous. His greatest artistic work is in “Illustrations to the Book of Job.”

Victor Cousin, a distinguished French philosopher, was born in Paris, November 28, 1792, and died at Cannes, January 2, 1867. He wrote: “Mme. de Longueville,” “Mme. de Hautefort,” “Jacqueline Pascal,” “French Society in the 17th Century,” “History of Philosophy,” etc. His translation of “Plato,” also won for him great fame.

Amos Bronson Alcott, a noted American philosophical writer, and educator, was born at Wolcott, Conn., November 29, 1799, and died at Boston, March 4, 1888. His principal works are: “Orphic Sayings,” “Tablets,” “Concord Days,” “Table-Talk,” “Sonnets and Canzonets,” “Ralph Waldo Emerson: His Character and Genius,” “New Connecticut,” etc.

Wendell Phillips, an American social and political reformer of great fame, was born at Boston, November 29, 1811, and died there, February 2, 1884. Among his writings are: “Can Abolitionists Vote or Take Office?” “The Constitution a Pro-Slavery Compact,” “Defense of the Anti-Slavery Movement,” “Review of Webster’s Speech of March 7th,” “Speeches, Lectures, and Letters,” “Addresses,” etc.

Sir Philip Sidney, a famous English courtier and man of letters, was born at Penshurst in Kent, November 30, 1554, and died at Arnheim, October 17, 1586. His best known works are: “Arcadia,” “Sonnets,” “Apology for Poetry,” and a versified translation of the “Psalms.”

Jonathan Swift, the celebrated English prose satirist, was born in Dublin, November 30, 1667, and died there, October 19, 1745. He wrote: “Advice to the October Club,” “Tale of a Tub,” “Meditation upon a Broomstick,” “Battle of the Books,” “Project for the Advancement of Religion,” “Public Spirit of the Whigs,” “A Modest Proposal,” “Drapier’s Letters,” “Remarks on the Barrier Treaty,” “Sentiments of a Church of England Man,” and “Gulliver’s Travels,” his most important work.

Mark Lemon, a noted English playwright, was born in London, November 30, 1809, and died at Crawley in Sussex, May 23, 1870. Among his comedies and dramas are: “Hearts Are Trumps,” “Lost and Won,” “Arnold of Winkelried,” “Domestic Economy,” etc.

Samuel Langhorne Clemens, (“Mark Twain”), the distinguished American humorist, was born in Missouri, November 30, 1835, and died in 1910. He has written: “The Innocents Abroad,” “Huckleberry Finn,” “A Tramp Abroad,” “The Jumping Frog,” “Old Times on the Mississippi,” “Roughing It,” “Tom Sawyer,” “The Prince and the Pauper,” “The Gilded Age,” “Pudd’nhead Wilson,” “Following the Equator,” “A Double-Barreled Detective Story,” etc.

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