166 note, 167;

other statements made by him, 236, 237 note;

his description of Minavavana, the Ojibwa chief, 264, 265 note;

his account of the death of Pontiac, 500 note.

Cayugas, one of the Five Nations, 20.

See Iroquois.

Champlain, Samuel de, attacks the Iroquois, 60;

the baleful consequences, ib..

Cherokees attacked by the Iroquois, 74;

remain quiet during the Pontiac war, 356.

Chippewa Indians. See Ojibwa nation.

Chouteau, Pierre, one of the first settlers of St. Louis, 463;

surprising changes witnessed by him, ib.;

the author visits him, ib. note;

remembers seeing Pontiac, 463 note, 498.

Christie, Ensign, defends the fort at Presqu’ Isle, 209-211;

surrenders, 212;

escapes and arrives at Detroit, 213;

a further account of the matter, 288 note.

Church, Roman Catholic, its zeal for the conversion of the Indians, 46.

Clapham, Colonel, murdered by the Indians, 280 note.

Colden, Governor of New York, refuses to have the Moravian Indian converts brought within his province, 375.

Colonies of France and England, their distinctive traits, 46, 59.

Compton, Henry, bishop of London, advises William Penn to buy land of the Indians, 69.

Conestoga, a settlement of friendly Indians, 359;

their manner of life, 360;

suspected of hostile practices, ib.; a massacre there, 361.

See Appendix E.

Conner, Henry, Indian interpreter, his statement respecting Pontiac’s birth, 139 note;

his account of the disclosure of the plans of Pontiac, 164-166.

Conference of Indians with Sir William Johnson at Niagara, 395;

they ask forgiveness, 398.

Conspiracy of the Indians against the English after the French war, 131;

its causes, 131;

the English neglect to cultivate their friendship, 133;

disorders of the English fur-trade, 133;

intrusion of settlers on the Indian lands, 133;

the arbitrary conduct of Sir Jeffrey Amherst, 147;

the discontent of the Indians artfully increased by the French, 134;

Indian plot to destroy the English, 137;

a great crisis for the Indian race, 140;

the conspiracy discovered, 165, 166;

treachery of Pontiac, 169-174;

the war begins, 175;

attack on the fort at Detroit, 177, 178;

negotiation, 179;

comes to no good result, 180 et seq.

Conyngham, Redmond, publishes an account of the massacre at Conestoga, 361 note.

Council of Indians summoned by Pontiac, 151 et seq.;

appearance of Pontiac, 152;

his speech, 153 et seq.;

council-house at Onondaga, 84;

English colonies, their exposure to Indian hostility, in 1760, 147;

how far they extended at that time, 277.

English treatment of the Indians, 65, 131, 140, 147;

English parsimony towards them, 131.

? ? See Appendix B.

English fur-trade badly conducted, 133;

profligacy of the traders, ib.;

treatment of the Indians by the soldiers in garrison, ib.

Eries, Indian tribe, destroyed by the Iroquois, 32.

Etherington, Captain George, commands at Michillimackinac, 246;

is warned of danger, ib.;

his disregard of the warning, ib.;

his extreme carelessness, 250;

the massacre of his men, 251;

he is taken by the Indians, 206, 251;

his letters quoted, 205, 266;

how he passed the night after the massacre, 256, 257;

his complimentary letter to Colonel Bouquet on his promotion, 450.

F.

Fire, torture by, inflicted by Indians, 28, 51, 61, 201 note, 290, 303 note.

Fisher, Sergeant, murdered by the Indians, 175;

treatment of his body, ib.

Forbes, General John, drives the French from Fort Du Quesne, 98, 111, 113.

Forest of the West, 114;

routes and modes of travel through it, 117-120;

the scattered Indian and French settlements, 115, 120;

the forest garrisons, 121;

hunters and trappers, 122.

Fort Du Quesne, built by the French, 86;

Braddock’s approach to it, 87;

taken by General Forbes, 98, 113;

the fort destroyed and rebuilt, 278;

and the name changed to Fort Pitt, 118.

Fort Le Boeuf, taken by the Indians after a gallant defence, 287, 288.

Fort Ligonier, 279;

attacked by Indians, 283, 308, 309;

the fort is reinforced and holds out to the end, 316.

Fort Miami taken by the Indians, 207.

Fort Pitt, originally Fort Du Quesne, 118, 126;

its commanding position, 278;

built on the ruins of the old fort, 278;

two roads from it to the English settlements, 278;

exposed to danger from the Indians, 279, 285;

strength of the garrison, 284;

attacked by Indians, 446;

Indians of the Illinois, 460;

council of Indians meet Sir William Johnson at Johnson Hall, 327;

again at Niagara, 395;

council at Detroit, 487-490;

Indians are pleased when white men adopt their figurative language, 489 note.

Iroquois, or Five Nations, afterwards Six Nations, 19;

the term often applied to the entire family of which they were a part, ib.;

their extended conquests, ib.

? ? See Appendix A.

Causes of their success, 20;

tribal organization, ib.;

their manner of conducting public business, 21;

divided into eight clans, ib.;

great power of this system, ib.;

descent of the sachemship in the female line, 22;

extensive prevalence of this custom, ib. note;

origin of the Iroquois, 23;

Indian tradition concerning it, 23, 24;

their fantastic legends, 24, 25;

rude state of the arts among them, 25;

their agriculture, ib.;

their fortifications and strongholds, ib.;

their dwellings, 26;

their life of excitement, 27;

preparation for war, 28;

return from war, ib.;

fiendish cruelty, ib.;

their boundless pride, 29;

military strength, ib.;

destroy the Hurons, 31;

and several other Indian nations, ib.;

their cruel treatment of captives, 32;

their licentiousness, 33;

their god of thunder, 41;

attack made on them by Champlain, 60;

they become the irreconcilable foes of the French colonies, ib.;

their attack on Montreal, 61;

their extreme ferocity, ib.;

expedition of Frontenac against them, 61, 62;

their rancor abates, 62;

irritated against the English and why, 74;

influence over them gained by Sir William Johnson, 76.

? ? See Appendix A.

They assume to dispose of lands in Pennsylvania, 72, 83;

treaty of alliance with them, 84;

they induce the Delawares to make peace with the English, 111;

flock to the British standard, 114;

estimate of their numbers, 115;

what their approach to civilization, 116;

meet Sir William Johnson in council, and are restrained by him from war against the English, 327;

the Senecas already at war with them, 137, 142, 290, 296, 327;

the Iroquois send a message to the Delawares, exhorting them to bury the hatchet, 328;

a war-party of the Iroquois goes out to fight the Delawares, 356;

their success, ib.

J.

Jacobs, mate of schooner Gladwyn, orders the vessel blown up, 235;

lost in a storm, 236 note.

Jamet, Lieutenant, at Michillimackinac slain by the Indians, 251, 266.

Jenkins, Lieutenant Edward, taken prisoner by the the attack of General Abercrombie on Ticonderoga, 98, 99;

commands the army in opposition to Wolfe, 101;

his defeat and death, 109.

Montour, Captain, makes a successful inroad upon the Indians, 356.

Montreal, attack on it by the Iroquois, 61;

surrenders to the English forces, 110.

Moravian missions in Pennsylvania, 367;

the converts involved in danger from both the French and the English, ib.;

murder of some of them, 368;

the mission broken up and the converts removed to Philadelphia, 369;

sent thence to New York, 374, 375;

insulted by the mob, 369;

not allowed to enter New York or to stay in New Jersey, 375;

brought back to Philadelphia, 376;

remain there a whole year, 385.

Morris, Captain, goes on an embassy to the Illinois country, 407;

his interview with Pontiac, 408;

holds a council with the Indians, 409;

encounters a band of savage warriors, 410;

he is a captive among the Indians, 411;

expects to be tortured, 412;

is released, ib.;

abandons his mission and returns to Detroit, 413;

reference to his published journals, ib.;

returns home, meeting with disaster on the way, 415, 416.

N.

Neutral Nation, why so named, 30;

their destruction by the Iroquois, 31.

New England, population contrasted with that of Canada, 47 et seq.;

their energy and patient industry, 48;

did not obtain Indian lands but by purchase, 70 note.

New York, Province of, suffers from Indian hostilities, 328.

Niagara, French fort there, 46, 57, 62;

attack on it by the English, 77;

failure of the attack, 92;

another attempt, 99;

the fort surrenders, 100;

great conference of Indians there, 395 et seq.

O.

Ohio River, no Indians dwelt on its banks, 120.

Ohio Company, formed, and for what purpose, 80.

Ohio Valley, proposal to secure it for the English, 80;

French settlements there, 57;

further encroachments, 74, 80 et seq.;

alarm of the Indians of that vicinity, 82;

Ohio Indians at war with the English, 111;

estimate of their numbers, 115;

the Ohio valley described as it was in 1760, 114 et seq.;

its population, 114 et seq.;

routes of travel, 117;

modes of travel, 117-120.

Ojibwa nation of Indians, 38;

check the career of Iroquois conquest, ib.;

their modes of life, 39;

sufferings in winter, ib.;

some of them present at the battle of the Monongahela, , 205.

School children, with their master, murdered and scalped by the Indians, 338, 339.

Schoolcraft, Henry R., quoted, 17, 22, 24, 164, 166.

Scotch-Irish in Pennsylvania, 335;

their peculiarities, ib.

Seneca Indians join in the plot against the English, 137, 142;

a party of them take and destroy Venango, 290, 296;

destroy a convoy at the Devil’s Hole, 331;

make peace with the English, 397.

See Iroquois.

Shawanoes, scattered widely after their defeat by the Iroquois, 37;

driven again from their homes, 74;

carry on hostilities against the English, 111;

their number estimated, 115;

their villages, 117;

Colonel Bouquet compels them to sue for peace, 436.

Shippen, Edward, a magistrate of Lancaster, gives to Governor Bain an account of the massacre in Lancaster jail, 364 note.

See Appendix E.

Shippensburg, Pa., crowded with fugitives from the frontiers, 316 note.

Small-pox, proposal to infect the Indians with it, 304, 305;

this disease found to exist among them, 304 note.

Smith, James, commands a body of border riflemen, 345;

adopts the Indian costume and tactics, ib.;

a further account of him, 345 note;

heads a predatory expedition of Paxton men, 476;

his narration of the affair, 478 note.

Smith, Matthew, a leader among the Paxton men, 360;

conducts a party of men against the Indians at Conestoga, 361;

the massacre, 361;

Smith’s narration of the affair, 361 note;

he threatens to fire on his minister’s horse if not allowed to pass, 363;

leads in the massacre of Indians in Lancaster jail, ib.;

conducts an armed rabble to Philadelphia, with a purpose to kill the Moravian Indians, 372;

proceeds to Germantown, and there halts, 379;

treaty with the rioters, 381.

? ? See Appendix E., pp. 543-547.

Smith, William, of New York, his account of Pontiac, 192 note.

Smollett’s history of England, quoted in reference to the “Royal Americans,” 297 note.

Solomons, an English fur-trader, 244.

Spangenburg, a Moravian bishop, attends the great Iroquois council at Onondaga, 21 note;

his account of it, ib.

St. Ange de Bellerive, commander of the French fort Chartres, 464;

keeps the Indians quiet, ib.;

has a visit from Pontiac, 468;

to whom he refuses aid, 468, 482.

St. Aubin, a Canadian, 165;

his account of the siege of Detroit, Appendix C.

St. Ignace, mission of, 240.

St. Joseph River, a French fort there, 54, 366;

massacre of the settlers, 347.