CONTENTS

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RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES 1
HOW ARE RADIOISOTOPES USED IN RESEARCH? 2
They May be Used as “Tracers” 2
How Effective Are Radioactive Tracers? 3
PLANT NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 4
What Happens to Fertilizer in the Soil? 4
Do Plants Absorb Through Roots Only? 4
Where Should Fertilizer be Placed? 5
Do Fertilizers Move Fast in Plants? 5
What Else Do Radioisotopes Tell Us? 5
PLANT DISEASES AND WEEDS 8
How Can We Combat Plant Diseases? 8
Why Do Chemicals Destroy Some Plants? 10
ANIMAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 11
How Nutritious Are Various Feedstuffs? 11
Can Lean Meat be Estimated “on the Hoof”? 12
Does Thyroid Affect Milk—Egg Production? 13
More Tracers in Animal Nutrition Research 13
INSECTS 15
Where and How Fast Do Insects Travel? 15
How Far Do Insects Carry Pollen? 15
Are Predators Used to Destroy Insects? 16
Can Tracers Measure Spray Residues? 17
RADIOISOTOPES AS RADIATION SOURCES 17
Can Radiation Produce New Plants? 18
Can Radiation Destroy Germs and Insects? 19
How Does Radiation Affect Farm Animals? 22
What Else Can Radiation Tell Us? 22
CONCLUSION 23
SUGGESTED REFERENCES 24

United States Atomic Energy Commission
Division of Technical Information
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 64-60274
1962; 1963(Rev.)

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Thomas S. Osborne is in charge of plant-breeding research being conducted by the University of Tennessee’s Agricultural Research Laboratory for the Atomic Energy Commission. He has been in this work since 1953.

But Dr. Osborne is a teacher at heart. Hence when students wrote inquiring about the effects of radiation on seeds, he took great interest in replying. From these replies grew mimeographed literature suggesting experiments for students; then this and other booklets.

Dr. Osborne received his undergraduate degree from Oklahoma State University and his doctorate from Washington State University.

Atoms in Agriculture

by Thomas S. Osborne,
Associate Professor of Agronomy, University of Tennessee.

To know what questions to put to Nature—that is 95 per cent of scientific research. —Whitehead

If man’s existence on the earth is compared to a calendar year, then he began farming in the very early morning of December 30 and began applying systematic knowledge to agriculture at 10:15 p.m. on December 31.

The first traces of man on the earth are dated at about one and three-quarter million years ago. Plant life then was very much like plant life today, but the animal population was quite different. Man became a producer of plants and animals instead of merely a gatherer and hunter about 8000 years ago. He has applied systematic study to cultivated plants and animals for only 300 years.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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