This Bibliography is arranged in divisions corresponding to the chapters of this volume. It aims to include those books most important for the student, and to furnish guidance for those interested in more specialized fields of study.
The following are the chief general bibliographies:
Shakespeare Bibliography, by William Jaggard, Stratford-on-Avon, 1911. This is the most important and useful attempt that has yet been made toward a complete bibliography of works in the English language; but it is far from being exhaustive or accurate.
Catalogue of the Barton Collection of the Boston Public Library, part i, Shakespeare's Works and Shakesperiana, 1878-1888. Probably the best bibliography up to the date of its publication.
Jahrbuch der deutschen Shakespeare-Gesellschaft. Weimar, 1865-. The bibliographies, with indexes, issued in this annual provide the best bibliography of all recent Shakespearean literature in all languages. They include references to periodicals and to book reviews.
The Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. v, chaps. viii-xii. Cambridge, 1910. The best recent short selected bibliography.
Other useful bibliographical aids are: the article on Shakespeare Encycl. Brit., Eleventh ed., 1911; the British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, 1897; the Catalogue of the Lenox Library, New York, 1880; and the Index to the Shakespeare Memorial Library, Birmingham, 1900.
CHAPTER I
Shakespeare's England and London
See bibliographies in the Cambridge Modern History, vol. iii, chap. x, and the Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. v, chap. xiv. The two most accessible and important works on the subject are: William Harrison's Description of Britaine and England, in Holinshed's Chronicle, 1577, reprinted in the Shaks. Soc. Publ. 1877-1888, in the Scott Library, 1899, and in Everyman's Library; and John Stow's Survey of London, 1st ed., 1598, reprinted in Everyman's Library. J. D. Wilson's Life in Shakespeare's England (Cambridge, 1911) is an excellent anthology drawn from Elizabethan publications.
The following list includes only more important and more recent books.
Aiken, L. Memoirs of the Court of James I. 2d ed., 1822.
Ashton, J. Humour, Wit, and Society in the Seventeenth Century. 1883.
Besant, Sir W. London. 1892.
—— London in the Times of the Tudors. 1908.
Creighton, M. The Age of Elizabeth. 1892.
Creizenach, W. Geschichte des neueren Dramas, Halle, 1893. See vol. iv, part i, book iii, Religios-sittliche und politisch-soziale Anschauungen der Theaterdichter.
Douce, F. Illustrations of Shakespeare and of Ancient Manners. 1839.
An English Garner. New ed., 1903. See vols.: Social England Illustrated; Tudor Tracts, 1532-1582; Stuart Tracts, 1603-1693.
Froude, J. A. History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Armada. 1856-1870. Reprinted in Everyman's Library.
Gildersleeve, V. Government Regulation of the Elizabethan Drama. New York, 1908.
Hall, H. Society in the Elizabethan Age. 4th ed., 1901.
Jusserand, J. J. Histoire litteraire du peuple Anglais. Paris, 1904. English trans., 1909. See especially vol. ii, book v, chap. i.
Lee, S. Stratford-on-Avon from the Earliest Times to the Death of Shakespeare. 1907.
—— An Account of Shakespeare's England, a survey of social life and conditions in the Elizabethan age (in preparation).
Nicholls, J. The Progresses and Processions of Queen Elizabeth. New ed., 3 vols., 1823.
—— The Progresses, Processions, and Festivities of King James I. 4 vols., 1828.
Stephenson, H. T. Shakespeare's London. New York, 1905.
—— The Elizabethan People. New York, 1910.
Strutt, J. Sports and Pastimes of the People of England. 1801. New ed., 1903.
Thompson, E. N. S. The Controversy between the Puritans and the Stage. Yale Studies in English, vol. xx. New York, 1903.
Traill, H. D. Social England. 3d ed., 1904. See vols. iii and iv.
Wakeman, H. O. The Church and the Puritans, 1570-1660. New ed., 1902.
Wheatley, H. B. London Past and Present. 3 vols. 1891.
CHAPTER II
Biographical Facts and Traditions
Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O. Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare. 2 vols. 7th ed., 1887. Later eds. are reprints. With illustrations, facsimiles, and a full collection of documents.
Lambert, D. H. Shakespeare Documents. (Published originally as CartÆ ShakespeareanÆ, 1904.) A chronological catalogue of extant evidence.
Lee, Sidney. A Life of William Shakespeare, London and New York, 1898. New and revised ed., 1909.
—— Shakespeare in Oral Tradition, Chap. III in Shakespeare and the Modern Stage, 1906.
The preceding are the most important books, but the following are useful in various ways: William Shakespeare. K. Elze. Halle, 1876. Eng. trans, by L. D. Schmitz, 1888. A Chronicle History of the Life and Works of Shakspere. F. G. Fleay. London, 1886. Shakespeare's Marriage. J. W. Gray. 1905. Shakespeare's Family. C. C. Stopes. 1901. Shakespeare's Warwickshire Contemporaries. C. C. Stopes. 1907. New Shakespeare Discoveries. C. W. Wallace. Harper's Magazine, March, 1910. Catalogues of the books, manuscripts, works of art, antiquities, and relics at present exhibited in Shakespeare's birthplace, Stratford-on-Avon, 1910. For discussion of portraits of Shakespeare, see Portraits of Shakespeare, J. P. Norris, Philadelphia, 1885; M. R. Spielmann in Stratford-Town Shakespeare, vol. x; and in Encycl. Brit., 11th ed., article on Shakespeare. On a Portrait of Shakespeare in the Shakespeare Memorial at Stratford-on-Avon, L. Cust, Proc. Soc. Antiq., 1895.
See also Sources of Traditional Material, Appendix A, p. 225.
CHAPTER III
Shakespeare's Reading
Shakespeare's Books: A dissertation on Shakespeare's reading and the immediate sources of his works. By H. R. D. Anders. Berlin, 1904. The best book on the subject.
Shakespeare's Studies, T. S. Baynes, 1893.
Shakespeare's Holinshed. Ed. W. G. Boswell-Stone. 1896. New ed., 1907. A reprint of the passages in Holinshed's Chronicles which Shakespeare used.
Shakespeare's Plutarch. Ed. W. W. Skeat. 1875.
The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare. J. J. Jusserand, trans. E. Lee. 1890.
The Shakespeare Classics, gen. ed. L. Gollancz (in progress, 1907-), reprints the chief sources of the plays: Lodge's Rosalynde, Greene's Pandosto, Brooke's Romeo and Juliet, the Chronicle History of King Leir, The Taming of a Shrew, The Sources and Analogues of A Mid-summer-Night's Dream, Shakespeare's Plutarch. Most of these, with other valuable material, are found also in W. C. Hazlitt's revision of Collier's Shakespeare Library. 6 vols. 1875 (out of print).
Many translations which Shakespeare may have known are included in the long series of the Tudor Translations, ed. W. E. Henley and Charles Whibley (mostly out of print).
For drama see Bibliography, chap. vi; for contemporary literature see bibliography in Cambridge History of English Literature; or any short manual, as Saintsbury's Elizabethan Literature, or Seccombe and Allen's Age of Shakespeare. 2 vols.
CHAPTER IV
Chronology and Development
The first thorough attempt to determine the chronology of Shakespeare's plays was made in Malone's "Attempt to ascertain the order in which the plays attributed to Shakespeare were written," published in Steevens's edition of 1778. His final conclusions on the subject are to be found in the preliminary volumes of the 1821 Variorum. Since then, discussions of chronology and development have appeared in almost every edition of Shakespeare's Works and in many volumes discussing his life and art. (See Bibliography for Chaps. II and VIII.) The following are the most important contributions to the general question of the chronology.
Hertzberg, W. G. Preface to Cymbeline in Ulrici's ed. of Schlegel and Tieck's trans. of Shakespeare, 1871.
—— Metrisches, grammatisches, chronologisches zu Shakespeares Dramen. Jahrbuch, xiii, 1878.
Fleay, F. G. Shakspere Manual, 1878.
New Shakspere Society. Publications for 1874 contain Fleay's tests as originally proposed with discussions by Furnivall, Ingram, et al. Publications for 1877-9 contain F. S. Pulling's essay on The Speech-ending test, p. 457.
Ingram, J. K. On the weak endings of Shakspere with some account of the verse-tests in general. N. S. S. Publ. 1874.
KÖnig, G. Der Vers in Shaksperes Dramen. Quellen und Forschungen vol. 61, 1888. The fullest presentation of numerical results for various verse tests.
Furnivall, F. J. Preface to the Leopold Shakespeare, 1876.
Hales, J. W. The Succession of Shakespeare's plays. 1874.
Stokes, H. P. Attempt to determine the chronological order of Shakespeare's plays, 1878.
CHAPTER V
The Elizabethan Drama
Full bibliographies of both plays and critical works are to be found in Schelling's Elizabethan Drama and in the Cambridge History of English Literature, vols. v and vi.
1. EDITIONS OF PLAYS
Convenient collections, often with valuable introductions and notes, are: Dodsley's Old English Plays, ed. W. C. Hazlitt, 15 vols., 1874-1876; Manly's Pre-Shaksperean Drama, 2 vols., Boston; Neilson's Chief Elizabethan Dramatists, Boston, 1911 (30 plays in one volume); the Mermaid Series of the Old Dramatists (4 or 5 plays by one author in each vol.); the Belles Lettres Edition (with excellent bibliographies), Boston; Masterpieces of the English Drama, New York; Temple Dramatists. Valuable reprints of old plays and documents are found in the following series now in progress: The Tudor Facsimile Texts, ed. J. S. Farmer, 43 vols., 1907; Materialien zur Kunde des Älteren englischen Dramas, ed. W. Bang, Louvain, 1902; Publications of the Malone Society, 1906.
Collected editions of the chief dramatists include those of Greene, Peele, Webster, Ford, Beaumont and Fletcher, and Shirley, ed. by Alexander Dyce; of Middleton, Marston, Marlowe, and Webster, by A. H. Bullen, and the more recent editions from the Clarendon Press,—Greene, ed. J. Churton Collins; Kyd, by F. S. Boas; Lyly, by W. Bond; Nash, by McKerrow; Marlowe, by Tucker Brooke. Massinger and Jonson exist only in the early nineteenth-century editions of Gifford. There are also recent editions of Beaumont and Fletcher by A. R. Waller, Cambridge, and by A. H. Bullen et al. (in progress), and an edition of Chapman by T. Parrott.
2. CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL
Die Geschichte des neueren Dramas. W. Creizenach (in progress). Halle, 1893-. This is the standard history of the modern drama, vol. iv dealing in a masterly fashion with the Shakespearean period. There is no English translation.
History of English Dramatic Literature to the Death of Queen Anne. A. W. Ward. 2d ed. 3 vols. 1899.
Elizabethan Drama. F. E. Schelling. 2 vols. Boston, 1902. This contains valuable bibliographies and a finding list for the plays.
The MediÆval Stage. E. K. Chambers. 2 vols. Oxford, 1903. Authoritative for the pre-Elizabethan drama, with valuable bibliography and appendices.
A Bibliographical Chronicle of the English Drama. F. G. Fleay. 1559-1642. A work of great value to scholars, but not of much service to the general reader.
Other works less comprehensive in scope, but dealing with special aspects or divisions of the drama, are: Tragedy, A. H. Thorndike, Boston, 1908; Shakespeare and his Predecessors, F. S. Boas, 1896; Tudor Drama, C. F. Tucker Brooke, Boston, 1912.
Special treatises which have also been drawn upon for this chapter are: F. E. Schelling's English Chronicle Play, New York, 1902; A. H. Thorndike's Influence of Beaumont and Fletcher on Shakspere, Lemcke and Buechner, N. Y., 1901; and Hamlet and the Revenge Plays, Publ. Mod. Lang. Assn., 1902; E. E. Stoll's John Webster, 1905; F. H. Ristine's English Tragi-Comedy, 1910; Reyher's Les Masques Anglais, Paris, 1909; W. W. Greg's Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama, 1906.
CHAPTER VI
The Elizabethan Theater
None of the books here listed gives a comprehensive account of the theater. Greg's admirable edition of Henslowe's Diary, Fleay's researches, and Murray's supplements to them are all valuable for students. The account of the stage and the method of performance given in this chapter are based in part on Albright. During the last ten years there has been much controversy on this subject; and those interested should consult the bibliographies in the Shakespeare Jahrbuch under Albright, Brodmeier, Archer, Chambers, Corbin, Lawrence, Reynolds, Wegener. For contemporary documents, see the Bibliography to chap, x, vol. vi, of the Cambridge History of English Literature.
Albright, V. E. The Shakespearian Stage. New York, 1909.
Archer, W. The Elizabethan Stage. Quarterly Review, April, 1908.
Brodmeier, C. Die Shakespeare-BÜhne nach der alten BÜhnenanweisungen. Weimar, 1904.
Chambers, E. K. The Stage of the Globe. Stratford Ed. Shakespeare's Works, vol. x.
Collier, J. P. Memoirs of the Principal Actors in the Plays of Shakespeare. Shaks. Soc., 1846.
Feuillerat, A. Documents relating to the Office of the Revels in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Louvain, 1908.
Fleay, F. G. A Chronicle History of the London Stage. 1890.
—— A Biographical Chronicle of the English Drama, 1559-1642. 2 vols., 1891.
Gildersleeve, V. Government Regulation of the Elizabethan Theater. New York, 1908.
Greg, W. W., ed. Henslowe's Diary, 2 parts. London, 1907-1908.
—— Henslowe Papers. 1907.
Lawrence, W. J. The Elizabethan Playhouse and other studies. Stratford. 1912.
Mantzius, R. A History of Theatrical Art in Ancient and Modern Times. 1904. Cf. vol. iii.
Murray, J. T. English Dramatic Companies, 1558-1642. 1910.
Ordish, T. F. Early London Theaters. 1894.
Rendle, W. Old Southwark and its People. 1878.
Reynolds, G. F. Some Principles of Elizabethan Staging. Reprinted from Modern Philology. Chicago, 1905.
—— What we know of the Elizabethan Stage, Modern Philology, July, 1911. With bibliography of recent discussions.
Wallace, C. W. The Children of the Chapel at Blackfriars, 1597-1603. Univ. of Nebraska, 1908.
—— Evolution of the English drama up to Shakespeare: with a history of the first Blackfriars theatre. Stechert. 1912.
These two volumes contain some newly discovered material, but their discussions of theatrical history are not valuable.
Wegener, R. Die BÜhneneinrichtung des Shakespeareschen Theaters nach der zeitgenÖssischen Dramen. Halle, 1907.
CHAPTER VII
History of the Text
1. COMPLETE EDITIONS
In one volume.
The Globe Edition, ed. W. G. Clark and W. Aldis Wright 1864.
The 'Oxford' Edition, ed. W. J. Craig. Oxford, 1904.
The 'Cambridge Poets' Edition, ed. with introductions to each play, ed. W. A. Neilson. Boston, 1906 (the text used in the Tudor Shakespeare).
Annotated Library Editions.
The Cambridge Shakespeare, ed. W. Aldis Wright. 9 vols. 1863-1866. 2d ed., 1891-1893. The text known as the Cambridge text is very near to that of the Globe ed., and these have been generally used in recent editions.
A new Variorum Edition, ed. H. Howard Furness and H. H. Furness, Jr. (in progress). Philadelphia, 1871. This ed. prints (latterly) the First Folio text with exhaustive variants and annotations. The appendices supply much illustrative matter. The following plays have appeared: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth (2d ed.), Hamlet (2 vols.), Lear, Othello, Merchant of Venice, As You Like It, The Tempest, A Midsummer-Night's Dream, A Winter's Tale, Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth Night, Love's Labour's Lost, Antony and Cleopatra, Richard III, Julius CÆsar.
The Arden Shakespeare, general ed. W. J. Craig, in progress, 1899. Publ. in the U. S. without special title by Bobbs-Merrill Co., Indianapolis.
The Eversley Edition, ed. by C. H. Herford. 10 vols., 1901-1907.
Among other recent editions are the Rolfe ed., 40 vols., 1871, revised 1896; Temple, ed. I. Gollancz, 40 vols., 1894, 1895; First Folio, ed. C. Porter and H. Clarke (following and defending the text of the First Folio). New York, 1903; Caxton, general ed. S. Lee, 1910.
Historical Editions.
The most valuable is the Third Variorum, Boswell and Malone, 21 vols., 1821. The other principal editions are discussed in this volume, and include: Rowe, 1709, 1714; Pope, 1723-1725; Theobald, 1733; Hanmer, 1744; Warburton, 1747; Johnson, 1765; Steevens (20 plays), 1766; Capell, 1768; Steevens (and Johnson), 1773; Malone, 1790; Reed (Steevens and Johnson), 1st Variorum, 1803; 2d Variorum, 1813; Knight, 1838-1842, second ed., 1842-1844; Hudson, 1851-1856; Delius, 1854-1861; Dyce, 1857, second ed., 1864-1867; White, 1857-1860, second ed., 1859-1865.
2. FACSIMILE REPRINTS
For a discussion of conditions of publication of early editions, see A. W. Pollard's Shakespeare's Folios and Quartos. 1909.
The First Folio, With introd. by Sidney Lee. Oxford, 1902.
The First, Second, Third, and Fourth Folios. Methuen, 1904-1910.
The First Folio, reprint, L. Booth, 1869.
The First Folio, in reduced facsimile, J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps, 1876. Very small type.
Quarto Facsimiles. E. W. Ashbee. 48 vols. 1862-1871.
Quarto Facsimiles reproduced by photographic process, J. W. Griggs, under the superintendence of F. J. Furnivall. 43 vols. 1883-1889.
Shakespeare's Poems and Pericles, with introduction by Sidney Lee. 5 vols. Oxford, 1905.
3. GLOSSARIES, GRAMMARS, ETC.
The standard concordance is Bartlett's New and Complete Concordance, 1894. The standard dictionary and one of the great monuments of Shakespeare scholarship is Alexander Schmidt's Shakespeare-Lexikon. 2 vols. Berlin, 1894, 1895. 3d ed., 1902. This contains valuable appendices on syntax. The most recent brief glossary is C. T. Onion's Shakespeare Glossary. Oxford, 1911. It makes partial use of the valuable material in the New English Dictionary. The best grammar in English, though now somewhat out of date, is F. A. Abbott's Shakespearian Grammar, 1869, often reprinted.
The following are also of value:
Cunliffe, R. J. A New Shakespearean Dictionary. 1910.
Dyce, A. A Glossary to the Works of Shakespeare. 1867. Revised by H. Littledale, 1902.
Ellis, A. J. On Early English Pronunciation, with especial reference to Shakspere and Chaucer. 5 parts. E. E. T. S., 1869-1889.
Franz, W. Shakespeare-Grammatik. 2 parts. Halle, 1898-1900. 2d ed., Heidelberg, 1905. No English translation.
Vietor, W. A Shakespeare Phonology, Marburg and London, 1906.
CHAPTER VIII
Questions of Authenticity
1. THE DOUBTFUL PLAYS
The Shakespeare Apocrypha. Ed. C. F. T. Brooke. Oxford, 1908. This contains texts of fourteen of the plays discussed in this chapter.
Pseudo-Shakespearean Plays. Ed. K. Warnke and L. Proescholdt. 5 vols. Halle, 1883, 1888. Contains only 5 plays.
The Two Noble Kinsmen. Ed. H. Littledale. New Shaks. Soc. Publ., 1876.
Doubtful Plays of William Shakespeare. Ed. M. Moltke. Leipsig, 1869. Contains 6 plays.
A good bibliography for the critical matter on these plays is to be found in the Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. v, pp. 442-444. As to Cardenio, connected with Double Falsehood, see Bradford, G., Jr., Mod. Lang. Notes, February, 1910.
2. FORGERIES
Ingleby, C. M. The Shakespeare Fabrications. 1859. A complete review of the Collier forgeries, with bibliography.
Ireland, W. H. Confessions containing the particulars of his fabrication of the Shakespeare manuscripts. 1808.
Malone, E. Inquiry into the Authenticity (of the Ireland Ms.). 1796.
Law, E. Some Supposed Shakespeare Forgeries. 1911.
Wheatley, H. B. Notes on the life of John Payne Collier. 1884. Gives a list and account of the spurious documents.
3. THE BACON CONTROVERSY
Allen, C. Notes on the Bacon-Shakespeare question. Boston, 1900. An account of Shakespeare's legal phrases.
Bacon, Delia. The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakespeare Unfolded. 1857.
Bacon, Francis. Life and Letters. Ed. J. Spedding. 7 vols. 1861-1872.
Beeching, H. C. William Shakespeare: Player, Play maker and Poet. A reply to Mr. George Greenwood. 1908.
Bompas, G. C. The Problem of Shakespeare's Plays. 1902.
Booth, W. S. Some Acrostic Signatures of Francis Bacon. Boston, 1909.
Donnelly, I. The Great Cryptogram. 2 vols. Chicago, 1887.
Fiske, John. Forty Years of Bacon-Shakespeare Folly. Atlantic Monthly, 1897; reprinted in Century of Science, 1899.
Gallup, E. W. The Bi-literal Cypher of Francis Bacon.
Greenwood, G. G. The Shakespeare Problem restated. Lane, 1908.
—— In re Shakespeare Beeching v. Greenwood. Lane, 1909.
Lang, A. Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown. 1912.
Pott, Mrs. H. Did Francis Bacon write Shakespeare? Chicago, 1891.
Robertson, J. M. The Baconian heresy, 1913.
Wyman, W. H. Bibliography of the Shakespeare-Baconian controversy. Cincinnati, 1884. Continued in Shakespeariana. Philadelphia.
CHAPTER IX
Shakespeare since 1616
1. THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES
The Shakespeare Allusion Books. Ed. J. Munro. 2 vols. This reprints references to Shakespeare before 1700.
Eighteenth Century Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. D. Nichol Smith. Glasgow. Contains Rowe's, Pope's, Theobald's, Johnson's prefaces, Farmer's essay on Shakespeare's learning, Morgann's essay on Falstaff, etc.
Shakespearian Wars. T. R. Lounsbury. i. Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist, ii. Shakespeare and Voltaire. 2 vols. Yale Univ., 1901.
First Editors of Shakespeare or The Text of Shakespeare (Pope and Theobald). T. R. Lounsbury. 1906.
Shakespeare en France sous l'ancien rÉgime. J. J. Jusserand. Paris. 1898. Eng. trans. London, 1899.
Considerable matter in the following volumes from the Clarendon Press bears on the early criticism of Shakespeare: Elizabethan Critical Essays, ed. Gregory Smith, 2 vols.; Seventeenth Century Critical Essays, ed. J. E. Spingarn, 3 vols.; Dryden's Essays, ed. W. P. Ker, 2 vols.
2. THE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES
Baker, G. P. The Development of Shakespeare as a Dramatist. Macmillan, 1907.
Boas, F. S. Shakespeare and his Predecessors. 1895.
Bradley, A. C. Shakespearean Tragedy. Macmillan, 1904.
—— Oxford Lectures on Poetry. Macmillan, 1909.
Brandes, G. William Shakespeare. Copenhagen, 1896. Eng. trans. 2 vols., 1898.
Coleridge, S. T. Notes and Lectures on Shakespeare, etc. 2 vols. 1849. Reprinted in Everyman's Library, the New Universal Library, and Bohn's Library.
Collins, J. C. Studies in Shakespeare. 1904.
Dowden, E. Shakspeare: His Mind and Art. 1874.
—— A Shakspere Primer. 1877.
—— Introduction to Shakespeare. 1893.
Elze, K. William Shakespeare. Halle, 1876. Eng. trans., 1888.
Goethe. Wilhelm Meister, book IV, chaps. 13-16, contains an analysis of Hamlet.
—— Wahrheit und Dichtung, and Eckermann's Reports of Goethe's conversations contain references. An essay "Shakespeare und kein Ende" appears in his collected works.
Hazlitt, W. Characters of Shakespeare's plays, 1817. Reprinted in Everyman's Library, New Universal Library, Bohn's Library.
Heine, Heinrich. Shakespeare's Maidens and Women, in Works. Eng. trans. Heinemann, 1851.
Jameson, Mrs. Shakespeare's Heroines. Temple Classics.
Kreyssig, F. S. T. Vorlesungen Über Shakespeare. 2 vols. 3d ed. Berlin, 1876.
Lamb, Charles. On Some of the Old Actors (Essays of Elia). Reprinted in Everyman's Library.
—— On the Tragedies of Shakespeare (Misc. essays). Reprinted in Temple Classics.
Lee, Sidney. Shakespeare and the Modern Stage. 1906.
Lessing, G. E. LaokoÖn, and Dramatic Notes. Eng. trans., Bohn's Library.
MacCallum, M. W. Shakespeare's Roman Plays and their Background. 1910.
Martin, Lady (Helen Faucit). On Some of Shakespeare's Female Characters. 1885.
Matthews, Brander. Shakespeare as a Playwright. In preparation.
Moulton, R. G. Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist. Oxford, 1885.
—— The Moral System of Shakespeare. 1903.
Raleigh, W. Shakespeare (English Men of Letters). 1907.
Schlegel, A. W. von. Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature. Reprinted in Bohn's Library.
Swinburne, A. C. A Study of Shakespeare. 1880.
Thorndike, A. H. The Influence of Beaumont and Fletcher on Shakespeare. Lemcke and Buechner, N. Y., 1901.
Wendell, B. William Shakspere. 1894.
White, R. G. Studies in Shakespeare. 9th ed. 1896.
—— Shakespeare's Scholar. 1854.
Important critical and interpretative aids will also be found in the bibliographies for earlier chapters, as in the complete editions of Shakespeare's works, in histories of literature and the drama, or in special studies, as Anders's Shakespeare's Books, and Madden's Diary of Master William Silence.
For a handy bibliography of studies of botany, folk-lore, law, medicine, the supernatural in Shakespeare, etc., see the Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. v, pp. 450, 451, to which may be added Freytag, G., Technique of the Drama, Eng. trans. 1891; Matthew, B., A Study of the Drama, 1910; Arnold, M. E., Soliloquies of Shakespeare, New York, 1911; Fansler, H. E., Evolution of Technic in Elizabethan Tragedy, 1914; Archer, W., Play Making, 1912.
In the New Variorum Furness gives a summary of the interpretation and criticism for each play; but he is often quite neglectful of recent tendencies in criticism.
3. STAGE HISTORY
The standard work for the English stage is Some Account of the English Stage, from the Restoration in 1660 to 1830, by J. Genest, 10 vols., Bath, 1832. There is no authoritative history of the stage since 1832. Information in regard to the Shakespearean plays may be had in the lives of the actors, as Colley Cibber's Apology; Davies's Memoirs of Garrick, 1790; Murphy's Life of Garrick, 1801; Boaden's Memoirs of Mrs. Siddons, 1827, and Memoirs of Kemble, 1825; Cumberland's Memoir, 1806; Boaden's Memoirs of Mrs. Inchbald; Private Correspondence of David Garrick, 1831-1832; Cooke's Memoirs of Charles Macklin, 1808; Macready's Reminiscences, 1878; Archer's Life of Macready, 1890; Molloy's Life of Edmund Kean, 1888; Winter's Life and Art of Edwin Booth, 1893; Brereton's Life of Sir Henry Irving, London, 1908.
Baker, H. B. The London Stage, 1576-1903. 1904.
Brown, J. S. A History of the New York Stage, 1732-1901. 3 vols. New York, 1903.
Doran, J. Their Majesties' Servants. 1888. Ed. R. W. Lowe.
Dunlap, W. A History of the American Theater. 1832.
Fitzgerald, P. A New History of the English Stage. 2 vols. London, 1882.
Hazlitt, W. A View of the English Stage. 1818.
Home, R. H. New Spirit of the Age. 1884.
Lowe, R. W. Thomas Betterton, New York, 1891.
Lowe, R. W. Bibliographical Account of English Dramatic Literature. 1888.
Phelps, W. M., and Forbes Robertson, J. Life and Works of Samuel Phelps. London, 1886.
Seilhamer, G. O. A History of the American Theater, 3 vols. Philadelphia, 1891.
4. SHAKESPEARE ON THE CONTINENT
A good selected bibliography is to be found in the Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. v, pp. 456-472, and a full bibliography annually in the Shakespeare Jahrbuch. Only a few of the most important titles are given here, including some already noted.
BÖhtling, A. R. A. Goethe und Shakespeare. Leipzig, 1909.
Burckhardt, C. A. H. Das Repertoire des Weimarischen Theaters unter Goethes Leitung. Hamburg, 1901.
Chateaubriand, F. R. de. Shakespeare. 1801.
Cohn, A. Shakespeare in Germany in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Berlin, 1865.
Creizenach, W. Die Schauspiele der englischen KomÖdianten. Stuttgart, 1889.
Delius, N. SÄmmtliche Werke, Kritische Ausgabe. 1854-1861. 5th ed., 1882.
Elze, K. William Shakespeare. Halle, 1876.
GenÉe, R. Geschichte der Shakespeareschen Dramen in Deutschland. Leipzig, 1870.
Guizot, F. De Shakespeare et de la PoÉsie dramatique. Paris, 1822.
Heine, H. Shakespeares MÄdchen und Frauen, in sÄmmtliche Werke. vol. v, 1839. Eng. trans., 1895.
Hugo, F. V. Œuvres complÈtes de Shakespeare, traduites. 18 vols. Paris, 1856-1867.
Hugo, Victor. Cromwell, Preface. Paris, 1827.
—— William Shakespeare. Paris, 1864.
Jusserand, J. J. Shakespeare en France sous l'ancien rÉgime. Paris, 1898. Eng. trans. London, 1899.
Koeppel, E. Studien Über Shakespeare's Wirkung auf zeitgenÖssische Dramatiker. Louvain, 1905.
Kreyssig, F. Vorlesungen Über Shakespeare und seine Werke. 1858. 3d ed., 1877.
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