Lord Dufferin (Frederick Blackwood), 1826-92: Governor-General of Canada, 1872-8.

Jacques Cartier, 1491-1557: explored the St. Lawrence, 1535-42.

Count de Monts, 1560-1611: a Huguenot gentleman of the French Court, had a patent for the colonisation of Acadia (Nova Scotia) from 1603 to 1607.

Samuel Champlain, 1567-1635: interested in Canada, 1603-35: founded Quebec, 1608.

Thomas James, 1593-1635: a Bristol man.

Luke Fox, 1586-1635: sailed from London.

Sieur de Maisonneuve: founder of Montreal and Governor there for 22 years: died in 1676.

Charles de Montmagny: Governor of Canada, 1636-48, was opposed to the settlement of Montreal.

Count de Frontenac, 1620-98: Governor of Canada, 1672-82 and 1689-98. The strongest Governor during the French period.

Francis Parkman, 1823-93: the most picturesque of American historians: accurate as well as graphic.

Madelaine VerchÈres: born 1678, married a second time in 1722, date of death unknown.

Louis-Hector de CalliÈres, 1646-1703: came to Canada as Governor of Montreal in 1684: Governor-General at Quebec, 1699.

Gilles Hocquart: Intendant of New France, 1731-48: an energetic and able official.

Sieur de la VÉrendrye, 1685-1749: explored to the west of Canada, 1731-8. His sons are said to have sighted the Rockies in 1742.

Major Charles Lawrence administered the government of Nova Scotia from 1753, became officially Governor in 1756: died in 1760.

Horace Walpole, 1717-97: son of Sir Robert Walpole: wrote several books, but is most famous for his letters. Most of the letters here quoted were written to Sir Horace Mann, the British envoy at Florence.

Henry Seymour Conway, 1721-95: was a soldier and statesman, who had been much criticised for his failure in an expedition to Rochfort in 1757.

Lord Holderness (Robert D'Arcy), 1718-78: Secretary of State, 1751-61.

James Wolfe, 1727-59: military commander of the Quebec expedition of 1759. On his death, George Townshend, 1724-1807, succeeded to the command at Quebec. He returned to England and left the defence to James Murray, 1719-94. The commander-in-chief in N. America was Jeffrey Amherst, 1717-97. The Admiral at Quebec was Sir Charles Saunders, 1713-75.

Marquis de Montcalm, 1712-59: French General in North America, 1756-9.

Samuel Hearne, 1745-92: made the first inland explorations undertaken by the Hudson Bay Company, 1770-5.

Sir Alexander Mackenzie, 1755-1820: explored the Mackenzie river, 1789, and crossed the Rockies to the Pacific in 1793. Captain George Vancouver, R.N., 1758-98, was exploring the coast at the same time.

Louis Rodrigue Masson, 1833-1903: a member of the Canadian Senate and Lieut.-Governor of Quebec, collected and published narratives by a number of traders in the service of the North-West Company.

George Heriot, 1766-1844: born in Jersey, became Postmaster-General of Canada: was second in command at the battle of Chateauguay in the War of 1812.

Simon Fraser, 1776-1862: explored the Fraser river in 1808: declined knighthood in 1811: died poor near Montreal.

James FitzGibbon, 1780-1863: born in Ireland: won the battle of Beaver Dam, 1813: helped to put down the rebellion in Upper Canada, 1837: returned to England later.

Sir Phineas Riall, 1775-1850: commanded at the battle of Chippawa: Governor of Grenada, 1816: knighted, 1833.

Sir Gordon Drummond, 1771-1854: born at Quebec: fought as colonel against the French in Egypt, 1801: won the battle of Lundy's Lane, 1814: administrator of Lower Canada, 1815-6.

Lord Selkirk (Thomas Douglas), 1771-1820: planted a colony in Prince Edward Island in 1803: his colonists on the Red River, 1815-6, twice driven out by the North-West Company, but restored in 1817.

Robert Semple, 1766-1816: born at Boston: travelled widely: became Governor of the Hudson Bay Company's territories in 1815.

Cuthbert Grant, the leader of the attacking party, was a Scottish half-breed.

John Galt, 1779-1839: best known as a Scots novelist: visited Canada in the interests of the Canada Company in 1824 and 1826-9.

Thomas Chandler Haliburton, 1796-1865: a Nova Scotian: Judge of the Supreme Court there: in Sam Slick posed as a Connecticut clockmaker pointing out the foibles and want of initiative of the Nova Scotians: founded the American school of humour: later came to England, and was a Member of Parliament, 1859-65.

Lord Durham (John George Lambton), 1792-1840: radical member of Parliament: helped to prepare the Reform Bill: son-in-law of Earl Grey, who carried the Bill: ambassador to Russia, Prussia, and Austria: sent as Special Commissioner to Canada after the rebellion of 1837: his Report is a "State paper on colonial affairs which will live to all time" (Sir Charles Lucas).

Joseph Howe, 1804-73: a distinguished Nova Scotian statesman, who led the movement for responsible government in his native province: became Lieut.-Governor of N.S., 1873.

Lord John Russell, 1792-1878: son of the sixth Duke of Bedford: whig statesman: Home Secretary, 1835: Colonial Secretary, 1839: Prime Minister, 1846: Foreign Secretary, 1852: Lord President of the Council, 1854: Colonial Secretary, 1855: Foreign Secretary, 1859: Prime Minister, 1865. The most important period in his career is probably that of his ministry from 1846 to 1852.

Sir George Simpson, 1792-1860: Governor of the Hudson Bay Company's territories, 1821-60: crossed North America, 1828: made "overland" journey round the world, 1841-2.

John Robert Godley, 1814-61: much interested in colonisation: helped to found the Church of England Colony of Canterbury in New Zealand, 1850: later became Under Secretary at War.

Lord Elgin (James Bruce), 1811-63: Governor of Jamaica, 1842: Governor-General of Canada, 1847-54: carried out Lord Durham's plan of responsible government—he was Durham's son-in-law: envoy to China, 1857-8 and 1860-1: Viceroy of India, 1862-3.

Sir George Grey (1799-1882), who was Colonial Secretary, 1854-5, and several times Home Secretary, was a nephew of the Earl Grey who carried the Reform Act. He must not be confused with the more famous Sir George Grey (1812-98), who was Governor of South Australia, of New Zealand, and of Cape Colony.

Sir John A. Macdonald, 1815-91: born at Kingston, Ontario: leader of his (Conservative) party, 1856-91: led the federation movement, and became the first Prime Minister of the Dominion: politically responsible for the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway: Prime Minister, 1878-91.

George Brown, 1818-80: founder and editor of the Toronto Globe: leader of the radical party, but formed a coalition with Macdonald in order to carry Confederation, resigning as soon as success was assured.

Christopher Dunkin, 1811-81: born in London, England: went to Canada, 1836: he was at first an opponent, but later a strong supporter, of Confederation: passed the Canada Temperance Act: became a Judge of the Supreme Court of Quebec.

Lord Strathcona (Donald Smith), born in 1820 in Elginshire: entered the service of the Hudson Bay Co. in 1838: Governor of its territories, 1868: on the rebellion at the Red River in 1870, he succeeded in maintaining peace until the arrival of troops under Lord Wolseley: financially responsible for the making of the Canadian Pacific Railway: Governor of the Hudson Bay Co. in London, 1889: raised to the peerage, 1897.

Garnet, Lord Wolseley, 1833-1913: Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, 1895-1900: served in the Crimea and in India and China: commanded in Ashanti and Egypt as well as in the Red River expedition.

George Monro Grant, 1835-1902: Principal of Queen's University, Kingston, 1877: President of the Imperial Federation League, Ontario, 1889.

Miss E. Pauline Johnson, "Tekahionwake," the descendant of Indian chiefs, who were the loyal allies of the British, has published several volumes of Canadian poetry.

Sir Wilfred Laurier, born 1841, in Quebec: leader of the Liberal party, 1887: Prime Minister, 1896-1911.

Robert Laird Borden, born 1854, in Nova Scotia: leader of the Conservative party, 1901: Prime Minister, 1911.

Charles G. D. Roberts, Canadian poet, historian and novelist, born in New Brunswick, 1860: has been a Professor in Nova Scotia and an editor in New York.