CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. Sphere of Prehistoric ArchÆology—Preservation of Antiquarian objects due to exceptional causes—Habit of constructing Lake-dwellings not peculiar to any age—Irish Crannogs—Continental Lake-dwellings Pages 1-15
CHAPTER II. NOTICES, HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE, OF SCOTTISH LAKE-DWELLINGS PREVIOUS TO THE YEAR 1878. Dr. Joseph Robertson first directed attention to the prevalence of Crannogs in Scotland—Paper on Crannogs in Buteshire, by Mr. John Mackinlay—Dr. Robertson's views on Scottish Crannogs, and the subsequent publication of his notes by Dr. Stuart—Indications of Crannog remains in Loch of Forfar, Lochindorb, Loch Canmor, Loch-an-eilan, Isle of the Loch of Banchory, Lochrutton, Loch Kinder, Carlingwark, Loch Spinie, Boghall, Parish of Culter, Loch Rannoch, Parish of Croy, Lochs of Kinellan and Achilty, Loch Cot, Lochmaben, Loch Lochy, Loch Lomond, Loch of the Clans, Black Loch of Sanquhar, Barean—Examination of Crannogs in Dowalton Loch—Crannogs in Loch Kielziebar—Artificial Islands in Mull—Lake-dwellings at Ledaig and Lochnell—Crannogs in Wigtownshire—Crannog at Tolsta—Crannog in Loch Lotus—Crannog in Loch of Kilbirnie—General Remarks Pages 16-67
CHAPTER III. REPORT OF THE DISCOVERY AND EXAMINATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHLEE, TARBOLTON, AYRSHIRE. Discovery of the Crannog—The Excavations—Log-pavement and its surrounding wooden structures—Resumption of explorations after the winter—Structure of the Island—Gangway—Description of the Relics: (1) Objects made of Stone; (2) Objects of Bone; (3) Objects of Deer's Horn; (4) Objects of Wood; (5) Objects of Metal; (6) Miscellaneous Objects—Professor Rolleston's Report on the Osseous Remains—The Flora of the Crannog, by Dr. Bayley Balfour—Concluding Remarks,—On position of Relics—Character of Wood-work—Level of Lake and subsidence of the Island Pages 68-151
CHAPTER IV. SUBSEQUENT RESEARCHES AND DISCOVERIES AT FRIAR'S CARSE, LOCHSPOUTS, BARHAPPLE, AND BUSTON. I. Notes of a Crannog at Friar's Carse,—Relics found in the Loch and on the Island. II. Notice of the Excavation of a Crannog at Lochspouts,—Situation of Crannog—Mr. James M?Fadzean's letter to Sir James Fergusson—Investigations commenced—Log Pavement—Hearths—Gangway—Subsidence of Crannog—Description of Relics: (1) Objects of Stone; (2) Objects of Bone; (3) Objects of Horn; (4) Objects of Wood; (5) Objects of Metal; (6) Miscellaneous Objects. III. Notice of a Crannog at Barhapple Loch. IV. Notice of the Excavation of a Crannog at Buston,—Discovery of the Crannog—Method of excavating—Structure of the Island—Remains of Dwelling-house—Refuse-heap—Summary of observations—Discovery and description of Canoe—Description of Relics: (1) Objects of Stone; (2) Objects of Bone; (3) Objects of Horn; (4) Objects of Wood; (5) Objects of Metal—Gold Rings—Forged Coin of Saxon Origin, and Mr. Evan's report upon it; (6) Miscellaneous Objects—Professor Cleland's report on Osseous Remains Pages 152-239
CHAPTER V. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE CLASSIFICATION, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, STRUCTURE, AND AGE OF ANCIENT SCOTTISH LAKE-DWELLINGS. Manner of treating the subject—Division into Five Sections—Section I. Classification and Geographical Distribution of Ancient Scottish Lake-dwellings,—Table showing their distribution in Scotland—No permanent value attached to Table—Indication as to their prevalence in South-west of Scotland. Section II. Historical and Traditional Phenomena associated with the area of their distribution. Section III. Structure of Wooden Islands—Neglected by previous writers—Mechanical skill displayed by the Crannog-builders—Mode of Structure. Section IV. Topographical changes in the Lake-dwelling area during or subsequent to the period of their development,—Supposed change in climate and its effects—Increase of Lake Silt—Subsidence of the Crannogs. Section V. Chronological, Social, and other indications derived from the Relics,—Discoveries of Relics confined almost to the Counties of Ayr and Wigtown—Roman and Celtic elements exhibited by Relics—General facies of Relics similar to ordinary Celtic remains in Scotland and Ireland—Canoes not necessarily belonging to Prehistoric remains—Difficulty of drawing reliable conclusion from the Pottery of the Crannogs—Crannogs in South-west of Scotland were used as safes—Their occupiers lived on the produce of agriculture rather than that of the chase—Came to an end as a system of defence upon the conquest of the country by the Saxons—Relics from the Lake-dwellings similar to those from the Victoria Cave, Yorkshire, and the Borness Cave, Kirkcudbrightshire—No evidence as to the age of Crannogs beyond the limits of the ancient Kingdom of Strathclyde Pages 240-288
CHAPTER VI. REMAINS OF LAKE-DWELLINGS IN ENGLAND. Sir Charles J. F. Bunbury on remains at Wretham Mere, Norfolk—Pile Structures at London Wall—Crannog in Llangorse Lake, South Wales—Professor Boyd Dawkins on Pile Structures in the Bronze Age—Professor T. Rupert Jones on English Lake-Dwellings—Pile Structures at Holderness, York—Concluding Remarks—Hypothesis as to primary source of the ideas that led to the development of British Lake-Dwellings Pages 289-303
APPENDIX. Additional Discoveries on the Crannog in Lochspouts,—Lake basin of Lochspouts converted into a reservoir—In consequence of which further excavations made on the site of the Lake-dwelling—Upper Log-Pavement found to be a secondary one superimposed on the dÉbris of a former habitation—Description of Relics found Pages 305-313
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