CONTENTS
Page
Introduction 141
Age of aboriginal American records 141
Aboriginal American calendars 141
The Walam Olum of the Delawares 142
The Dakota calendars 142
Other tribal records 142
The Kiowa calendars 143
The Annual calendars of DohÁsÄn, PolÄÑ´yi-katÓn, Set-t'an, and Anko 143
The Anko monthly calendar 145
Comparative importance of events recorded 145
Method of fixing dates 146
Scope of the memoir 147
Acknowledgments 147
Sketch of the Kiowa tribe 148
Tribal synonymy 148
Tribal sign 150
Linguistic affinity 150
Tribal names 152
Genesis and migration 152
Early alliance with the Crows 155
The associated Kiowa Apache 156
The historical period 156
Possession of the Black Hills 156
The extinct K'Úato 157
Intercourse with the Arikara, Mandan, and Hidatsa 158
Recollections of other northern tribes 160
Acquirement of horses Enlistment of Indians as soldiers 223
Measles epidemic of 1892—Grass lands leased 223
Commission for allotment of lands—Protest against decision 224
Present condition—Agents in charge of confederate tribes 225
Summary of principal events 226
Sociology of the Kiowa 227
Absence of the clan system 227
Local divisions 227
Subtribes 227
The camp circle 228
Military organization—YÄ`´pÄhe warriors 229
Heraldic system 230
Name system 231
Marriage 231
Tribal government 233
Character 233
Population 235
Religion of the Kiowa 237
Scope of their belief 237
The sun 237
Objects of religious veneration 238
Tribal medicines of other Indians 242
The sun dance 242
The NadÍisha-dena or Kiowa Apache 245
Tribal synonymy 245
Tribal sign 246
Origin and history 246
311
1862. Sun dance after the smallpox 311
1862—63. Expedition against Texas—The echo in the tree tops—The Gua-dagya or travel song 312
1863. Sun dance on No-arm's river 313
1863—64. Death of Big-head and Kills-with-a-gun—Anko calendar begins 313
1864. Ragweed sun dance—Kiowa stampede horses from Fort Larned; general war upon the plains 313
1864—65. Muddy travel winter—Kiowa repel Kit Carson 314
1865. Peninsula sun dance 317
1865—66. Death of DohÁsÄn and TÄ´nkÓÑkya—Smith's trading party 318
1866. German-silver sun dance—Whitacre the trader—Trade in silver with Mexicans 318
1866—67. Attack on Texas emigrants; Ä´pÄmÂdalte killed—Andres Martinez captured 319
1867. Horses stolen by the Navaho—KÂitsÉÑko initiated 319
1867—68. Medicine Lodge treaty—Expedition against the Navaho 320
1868. Sun dance on Medicine-lodge creek—Disastrous expedition against the Ute—The taÍme captured 322
1868—69. TÄn-gÚ?dal killed; his medicine lance—Burial expedition 325
1869. War-bonnet sun dance—Expedition against the Ute 326
1869—70. Bugle stampede—The Cheyenne on the warpath 326
1870. Plant-growing sun dance 327
1870—71. Set-ÄÑ´gya brings home his son's bones—Drunken fight—Negroes killed in Texas—Death of AnsÓ`te 328
1871. KoÑpÄ´te killed—Arrest of Set-t'aiÑte and other chiefs—Tragic death of SetÄÑgya—The KÂitsÉÑko death song—Set-ÄÑgya and Set-t'aiÑte 328
1871—72 (1872—73). Peace with the Pawnee; removal to Indian Territory 333
1872. BÍako shot by whites in Kansas 335
1872—73. Visit of the Pueblos—DohÁsÄn's tipi burned—Kiowa heraldic system 336
1873. Sun dance on Sweetwater creek—GuibadÁi's wife stolen 336

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