CLASSIFICATION OF AMPHIBIA ADOPTED IN THIS WORK, AND A LIST OF THE COAL MEASURES AMPHIBIA FROM NORTH AMERICA.

A few words of explanation will be necessary for an understanding of the following classification. The term Amphibia LinnÉ, 1758, is, according to Stejneger (550), the correct term for the entire group, and this term is adopted. The term Stegocephala, formerly used as a group name for the entire Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic Amphibia, regardless of structure, has been retained as a third subclass. The choice, so far as priority is concerned, between Labyrinthodontia and Stegocephala, is not easy. The terms, however, imply different structures. The labyrinthodonts proper have stereospondylous vertebrÆ, while the Stegocephala have either temnospondylous or stereospondylous vertebrÆ; so the latter term has been adopted.

The ordinal terms are those which have been used previously as subordinal, sectional, or family names, with the exception of the new ordinal term "Diplocaulia" (477). The term Branchiosauria is well-established, and it is here retained with the definitions previously given. The same may be said for the Microsauria, although Dawson first (208) regarded it as a family, though giving the term an ordinal form. The Aistopoda are not entitled to consideration as a group for reasons which are given subsequently. The Temnospondylia and the Stereospondylia, the Embolomeri and the Rachitomi may or may not be good group names, but they have priority, so far as our knowledge of structure goes. They have been retained in their original meanings. They have been variously regarded as sections, superfamilies, groups, and subfamilies.

The following list of species is arranged according to the proposed scheme of classification:

Class Amphibia LinnÉ, 1758. Devonian to Recent.
Subclass Euamphibia Moodie, 1909. Coal Measures to Recent.
Order Branchiosauria Lydekker, 1889. Coal Measures to Permian.
Family BranchiosauridÆ Fritsch, 1879.
Micrerpeton caudatum Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Eumicrerpeton parvum Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Mazonerpeton longicaudatum Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Mazonerpeton costatum Moodie, Mazon Creek.
(?) Sparodus sp. indet. Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Order Caudata DumÉril, 1806. Coal Measures to Recent.
Suborder Proteida Cope, 1868. Coal Measures, Eocene, and Recent.
Family CocytinidÆ Cope, 1875.
Cocytinus gyrinoides Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Erierpeton branchialis Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Hyphasma lÆvis Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Order Diplocaulia Moodie, 1912. Coal Measures to Permian.
Family DiplocaulidÆ Cope, 1881.
Diplocaulus salamandroides Cope, Salt Fork, Illinois.
(?) Order Salientia Laurenti, 1768. Coal Measures (?) to Recent.
Family PeliontidÆ Cope, 1875.
Pelion lyelli Wyman, Linton, Ohio.
Subclass Lepospondylia Zittel, 1887. Coal Measures.
Order Microsauria Dawson, 1863. Coal Measures.
Family HylonomidÆ Fritsch, 1883.
Hylonomus latidens Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Hylonomus lyelli Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Hylonomus multidens Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Hylonomus wymani Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Smilerpeton aciedentatum Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Hylerpeton dawsonii Owen, Nova Scotia.
Hylerpeton intermedium Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Hylerpeton longidentatum Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Fritschia curtidentata Dawson, Nova Scotia.
(?) Amblyodon problematicum Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Family TuditanidÆ Cope, 1875.
Tuditanus punctulatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Tuditanus brevirostris Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Tuditanus minimus Moodie, Cannelton, Pa.
Tuditanus longipes Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Tuditanus walcotti Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetosaurus acutirostris Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetosaurus minutus Moodie, Cannelton, Pa.
Erpetosaurus obtusus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetosaurus radiatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetosaurus sculptilis Moodie, Cannelton, Pa.
Erpetosaurus tabulatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetosaurus tuberculatus Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Odonterpeton triangularis Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Family StegopidÆ Moodie, 1909.
Stegops divaricata Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family UrocordylidÆ Lydekker, 1890.
Diceratosaurus punctolineatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Diceratosaurus lÆvis Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Diceratosaurus robustus Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Eoserpeton tenuicorne Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family AmphibamidÆ Moodie.
Amphibamus grandiceps Cope, Mazon Creek.
Amphibamus thoracatus Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Cephalerpeton ventriarmatum Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Family NyraniidÆ Lydekker, 1889.
Ichthyerpeton squamosum Moodie. Linton, Ohio.
Cercariomorphus parvisquamis Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family PtyoniidÆ Cope, 1875.
Ptyonius nummifer Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Ptyonius marshii Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Ptyonius vinchellianus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Ptyonius pectinatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Ptyonius serrula Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Œstocephalus remex Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Œstocephalus rectidens Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Thyrsidium fasciculare Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family IchthycanthidÆ Moodie.
Ichthycanthus ohiensis Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Ichthycanthus platypus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family MolgophidÆ Cope, 1875.
Molgophis macrurus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Molgophis brevicostatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Molgophis wheatleyi Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Erpetobrachium mazonensis Moodie, Mazon Creek.
Pleuroptyx clavatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Phlegethontia linearis Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Phlegethontia serpens Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Family SauropleuridÆ Hay, 1902.
Sauropleura digitata Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura newberryi Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura scutellata Newberry, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura pauciradiata Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura longidentata Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura foveata Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura (Anisodexis) enchodus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Sauropleura sp., Linton, Ohio.
Ctenerpeton alveolatum Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Saurerpeton latithorax Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Leptophractus obsoletus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Leptophractus dentatus Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Leptophractus lineolatus Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Order Temnospondylia Zittel, 1887. Coal Measures and Permian.
Family CricotidÆ Cope, 1884.
Spondylerpeton spinatum Moodie, Mazon Creek, Ill.
Family EryopidÆ Cope, 1882.
Eryops sp. indet., Pitcairn, Pa.
Family MacrerpetidÆ Moodie, 1909.
Macrerpeton huxleyi (Cope), Linton, Ohio.
Macrerpeton deani Moodie, Linton, Ohio.
Family AnthracosauridÆ Cope, 1875.
Eosaurus acadianus Marsh, Nova Scotia.
Eobaphetes kansensis Moodie, Kansas.
Baphetes planiceps Owen, Nova Scotia.
Baphetes minor Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Dendrerpeton acadianum Owen, Nova Scotia.
Dendrerpeton oweni Dawson, Nova Scotia.
(?)Platystegos loricatum Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Genera and species of uncertain position:
Amblyodon problematicum Dawson, Nova Scotia.
Proterpeton gurleyi Moodie, Illinois.
Brachydectes newberryi Cope, Linton, Ohio.
Order Stereospondylia Zittel, 1887. Coal Measures (?) and Triassic.
Family MastodonsauridÆ Huxley, 1863.
Mastodonsaurus sp. indet., Kansas.

The above list of species is interesting in that it shows the diversity of structure among the Coal Measures Amphibia. There are at present 88 species known, many of them incompletely, divided among 17 families and 5 orders. The majority of the species are from the Linton Coal Measures, there being 50 species described or indicated from these beds. The Mazon Creek shales have furnished 10 species; Nova Scotia 18 species; the remainder of the species are from various localities.