  CONJUNCTIONS AnalysesMaterial: This box has eight compartments for the title cards, which are tan (article), black (noun), brown (adjective), red (verb), violet (preposition), pink (adverb), green (pronoun), and yellow (conjunction). It also has the usual place for the sentences that are to be analyzed. These again are given in groups. GROUP A Coordinate Conjunctions (Copulative, Disjunctive, Illative, Adversative) —Put away the pen and the ink-stand. Put away the pen or the ink-stand. Put away neither the pen nor the ink-stand, but the paper. —The table, therefore, is bare and in order. For all your things are in their places. —Do not leave the objects you use here and there about the room, but put them all back in their places. —Speak to your nearest school-mate not aloud but in a whisper. —Move your table forward a little, but only a little and without making any noise. set of cards Grammar Boxes, showing respectively eight and nine parts of speech. GROUP B Subordinate Conjunctions (Time, condition, cause, purpose) —You can push down a key of the piano without making any sound if you push it down slowly. —You could write with your left hand if you "touched" the letters with that hand. —You will get silence from the children as soon as you write "silence" on the blackboard. —That child is happy: he always sings while he works. —Always shut the door when you go from one room to another. —Everybody must be orderly in order that the "Children's House" may look neat. GROUP C Subordinate conjunctions, continued (Cause, concession, alternative) —The "Children's House" is attractive because it is pretty and because it is so easy to keep busy all the time. —I shall give it to you since you have asked me for it very politely. —We shall go to walk in the park rather than in the crowded streets. —I shall give you that toy although I should have preferred to let you have a beautiful book. —You may promise to go and visit him to-morrow provided you keep your promise. children sitting at tables in class The children are permitted to work at their various occupations in complete freedom. (The Lenox School, Montessori Elementary Class, New York.) PermutationsThe removal of the conjunction destroys the relationship between the words, and this brings out its function in the sentence: Put away the pen and the ink-stand. Put away the pen the ink-stand. Put away the pen or the ink-stand. Put away the pen the ink-stand. You could write with your left hand if you touched the letters with that hand. You could write with your left hand you touched the letters with that hand. The conjunction must be placed between the words it connects: otherwise the meaning is changed or destroyed: Put away the pen and the ink-stand. Put and away the pen the ink-stand. The "Children's House" is attractive because it is pretty. The "Children's House" is attractive it is pretty. Lessons and Commands on the ConjunctionsSubject: Coordinate conjunctions: and, or, neither, nor (e, o, nÈ). Commands:— —Come to "silence" where you are and move only at my call. —Come to "silence" where you are or else move silently among the chairs. —Walk on tip-toe about the room, being careful neither to meet nor to follow one another. Subject: Declarative: that (che). Command:— —Tell two of your schoolmates that you know a conjunction. Subject: Adversatives: but, however, instead (ma, invece). Command:— —Form two lines; now one line face about turning from left to right; the other line, instead, turn in opposite direction. —Form in one long line and advance; when you reach the end of the room, do not stop, but turn to the left. Subject: Condition: if (se). Command:— —You will be able to hear this drop of water fall, if you remain for a moment in absolute silence. Subject: Time: while, when, as soon as (mentre, quando, appena). Command:— —A few of you walk about among the tables; then stop in the center of the room, while the others gather round you and try to cover your eyes with their hands. —One of you start to leave the room. When you are about to cross the threshold, the others will block the way compelling you to stop. —All of you ready! As soon as I say "Go!" run to the other end of the room. Subject: Purpose: so that, in order that (affinchÈ, perchÈ). Command:— —One of you stand in the middle of the room; the others try to pass near him quickly so that he cannot touch you. —I am going to whisper a command: listen in perfect silence in order that you may hear what I command. Subject: Alternative: rather than (piuttostochÈ, anzichÈ). Command:— —Those children who would rather work than go out of doors rise from their places. Subject: Cause: because, since (perchÈ, poichÈ). Command:— —Before beginning to work let us become entirely quiet, because then we can think about what we are going to do. Subject: Exception: except, save (fuorchÈ, salvochÈ). Command:— —Get the counters and place one on every table in the room except on this one. Gather up all the counters save the red ones. Return all the counters to their box. Comparison of AdjectivesSeries A —Of these two long rods, this one is the longer. Of these three rods, which is the longest? —This rod is longer than that. That rod in the longest of the three. Which is the longest of the series? —This cloth is smoother than that. This cloth is smoothest of all. —Of these two shades of red which is the darker? Of all these shades of red which is the darkest? —Of these two prisms which is the thicker? This prism is thicker than that. Of these three prisms, which is thickest? —Which of these two children is the taller? Which is the tallest child in the room? Series B —Which of these two pictures is the more beautiful? This picture is more beautiful than that. —Which of these three pictures is most beautiful? Which is the most beautiful picture in the room? —Which of these two games is the more amusing? This game is more amusing than that. This game is most amusing of all. —This drawing is good. That drawing is better. That drawing is best. —There are some beads on this table. There are more beads on that table. There are most beads on that table. —There is a little water in this glass. There is less water in that glass. There is least water in that glass. —Of these two children John is the elder. Of these three children Mary is the eldest. Mary is older than John. John is older than Laura. A set of exercises may be arranged to bring out the paradymns of comparison by means of suffixes (-er, -est) and of adverbs (more, most). Here the series of cards for the positive adjectival forms are, as usual, brown, the phonograms for -er and -est in lighter and darker shades of brown respectively. The cards for more and most as adverbs are colored pink. When properly arranged, the cards appear as follows:
A second exercise contains cards for each of the forms for these same words. There are three colors: brown, light brown and dark brown (superlative). There are in addition similar cards for the adjectives of irregular comparisons, and three title cards: Positive, Comparative, Superlative. The exercise results as follows:
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