Popular scientific lectures

INDEX.

Ernst Mach

Absolute, temperature, 162;
time, 204;
forecasts, have no signification in science, 206.
Abstract, meaning of the term, 240.
Abstraction, 180, 200, 208, 231.
Acceleration, organ for forward, 299 et seq.
Accelerations, 204, 216, footnote, 225-226, 253.
Accident, logical and historical, in science, 160, 168, 170, 213;
in inventions and discoveries, 262 et seq.
Accord, the pure triple, 46.
Accumulators, electrical, 125 et seq.;
132, footnote.
Acoustic color, 36.
Acoustics, Sauveur on, 375 et seq.
Action and reaction, importance of the principle of, 191.
Adaptation, in organic and inorganic matter, 216, 229;
in scientific thought, 214-235.
Æsthetics, computation as a principle of, 34;
researches in, 89, footnote;
repetition, a principle of, 91.
Africa, 186, 234, 237.
Agreeable effects, due to repetition of sensations, 92, 97 et seq.
Agriculture, transition to, 265.
Air-gun, 135.
Alcohol and water, mixture of oil and, in Plateau's experiments, 4.
Algebra, economy of, 196.
Alien thoughts in science, 196.
All, the, 88.
Amontons, 174, 346.
AmpÈre, the word, 314.
AmpÈre's swimmer, 207.
Analogies, mechanical, 157, 160;
generally, 236-258.
Analogy, defined, 250.
Analysis, 188.
Analytical geometry, not necessary to physicians, 370, footnote.
Anatomic structures, transparent stereoscopic views of, 74.
Anatomy, character of research in, 255.
Andrieu, Jules, 49, footnote.
Animals, the psychical activity of, 190, 231;
the language of, 238;
their capacity for experience, 266 et seq.
Animism, symbols, 192;
current, 118.
Chemistry, character of research in, 255;
the method of thermodynamics in, 257.
Child, a, modes of thought of, 223;
looking into a moat, 208.
Child of the forest, his interpretation of new events, 218-219.
Childish questions, 199-200.
Children, the drawings of, 201-202.
Chinese language, economy of, 192;
study of, 354.
Chinese philosopher, an old, 186.
Chinese, speak with unwillingness of politics, 374;
the art of, 79-80.
Chosen, many are called but few are, 65.
Christ, saying of, 65.
Christianity, Latin introduced with, 311.
Christians and Jews, monotheism of the, 187.
Church and State, 88.
Cicero, 318.
Circe, 372.
Circle, the figure of least area with given periphery, 12.
Circular polarisation, 242.
Civilisation and barbarism, 335 et seq.
Civilisation, some phenomena of, explained by binocular vision, 74.
Civilised man, his modes of conception and interpretation, 219.
Clapeyron, 162.
Class-characters of animals, 255.
Classical, culture, the good and bad effects of, 347;
scholars, not the only educated people, 345.
Classics, on instruction in, 338-374;
the scientific, 368.
Classification in science, 255.
Clausius, on thermodynamics, 165;
on reversible cycles, 176.
Claviatur, Mach's, 42-43.
Club-law, 335.
Cochlea, the, a species of piano-forte, 19.
Cockchafer, 86.
Coefficient of self-induction, 250, 252.
Colophonium, solution of, 7.
Color, acoustic, 36.
Color-sensation, 210.
Color-signs, their economy, 192.
Colors, origin of the names of, 239.
Column, body moving behind a, 202.
Communication, its functions, import and fruits, 197, 238 et seq.;
by language, 237;
high importance of, 191 et seq.
Comparative physics, 239.
Comparison in science, 66 et seq.;
their structure symmetrical not identical, 96.

Face, human, inverted, 95.
Facts and ideas, necessary to science, 231.
Facts, description of, 108;
agreement of, 180;
relations of, 180;
how represented, 206;
reflected in imagination, 220 et seq.;
the result of constructions, 253;
a continuum of, 256 et seq.;
equations for obtaining, 180.
Falling bodies, 204, 215;
Galileo on the law of, 143 et seq., 284.
Falling, cats, 303, footnote.
Falstaff, 309.
Familiar intermediate links of thought, 198.
Faraday, 191, 217, 237;
his conception of electricity, 114, 271.
Fechner, theory of Corti's fibres, 19 et seq.
Feeling, cannot be explained by motions of atoms, 208 et seq.
Fetishism, 186, 243, 254;
in our physical concepts, 187.
Fibres of Corti, 17 et seq.
Fick, his theory of diffusion, 249.
Figures, symmetry of, 92 et seq.
Figures of liquid equilibrium, 4 et seq.
Fire, use of, 264.
Fishes, 306.
Fixed note, determining of a, 377.
Fizeau, his determination of the velocity of light, 55 et seq.
Flats, reversed into sharps, 101.
Flouren's experiments, 272, 290.
Flower-girl, the baskets of a, 95.
Fluids, electrical, 112 et seq.
Force, electric, 110, 119, 168;
unit of 111;
living, 137, 149, 184;
generally 253.
See the related headings.
Forces, will compared to, 254.
Foreseeing events, 220 et seq.
Formal conceptions, rÔle of, 183.
Formal need of a clear view of facts, 183, 246;
how far it corresponds to nature, 184.
Formative forces of liquids, 4.
Forms of liquids, 3 et seq.
Forward movement, sensation of, 35, 99;
on the conservation of energy, 165, 247;
his method of thought, 247;
also 138, 305, 307, 375, 383.
Hensen, V., on the auditory function of the filaments of Crustacea, 29, 302.
Herbart, 386 et seq.
Herbartians, on motion, 158.
Herculaneum, art in, 80.
Heredity, in organic and inorganic matter, 216, footnote.
Hering, on development, 222;
on vision, 210.
Hermann, E., on the economy of the industrial arts, 192.
Hermann, L., 291.
Herodotus, 26, 234, 347, 350.
Hertz, his waves, 242;
his use of the phrase "prophesy," 253.
Herzen, 361, footnote.
Hindu mathematicians, their beautiful problems, 30.
Holtz's electric machine, 132.
Horse, 63.
Household, physics compared to a well-kept, 197.
Housekeeping in science and civil life, 198.
Hudson, the, 94.
Human beings, puzzle-locks, 27.
Human body, our knowledge of, 90.
Human mind, must proceed economically, 186.
Humanity, likened to a polyp-plant, 235.
Huygens, his mechanical view of physics, 155;
on the nature of light and heat, 155-156;
his principle of the heights of ascent, 149;
on the law of inertia and the motion of a compound pendulum, 147-149;
on the impossible perpetual motion, 147-148;
on work, 173;
selections from his works for use in instruction, 368;
his view of light, 227-228, 262.
Huygens, optical method for detecting imperfections in optical glasses 313.
Hydrogen balloon, 199.
Hydrostatics, Stevinus's principle of, 141.
Hypotheses, their rÔle in explanation, 228 et seq.

Ichthyornis, 257.
Ichthyosaurus, 63.
Idea? what is a theoretical, 241.
Idealism, 209.
Ideas, a product of organic nature, 217 et seq.;
and facts, necessary to science, 231;
imagery, 253;
imitation, our schematic, 199;
processes, economical, 195;
reproduction, 198;
visualisation, 250.
Mephistopheles, 88.
Mercantile principle, a miserly, at the basis of science, 15.
Mersenne, 377.
Mesmerism, the mental state of ordinary minds, 228.
Metaphysical establishment of doctrine of energy, 183.
Metaphysical spooks, 222.
Metrical, concepts of electricity, 107 et seq.;
notions, energy and entropy are, 178;
units, the building-stones of the physicist, 253.
Metronomes, 41.
Meyer, Lothar, his periodical series, 256.
Middle Ages, 243, 349.
Midsummer Night's Dream, 309.
Mill, John Stuart, 230.
Millers, school for, 326.
Mill-wheel, doing work, 161.
Mimicking facts in thought, 189, 193.
Minor and major keys in music, 100 et seq.
Mirror, symmetrical reversion of objects in, 92 et seq.
Miserly mercantile principle at the basis of science, 15.
Moat, child looking into, 208.
Modern scientists, adherents of the mechanical philosophy, 188.
Molecular theories, 104.
Molecules, 203, 207.
MoliÈre, 234.
Momentum, 184.
Monocular vision, 98.
Monotheism of the Christians and Jews, 187.
Montagues and Capulets, 87.
Moon, eclipse of, 219;
lightness of bodies on, 4;
the study of the, 90, 284.
Moreau, 307.
Mosaic of thought, 192.
Motion, a perpetual, 181;
quantity of, 184;
the Eleatics on, 158;
Wundt on, 158;
the Herbartians on, 158.
Motions, natural and violent, 226;
their familiar character, 157.
Mountains of the earth, would crumble if very large, 3;
weight of bodies on, 112.
Mozart, 44, 279.
MÜller, Johann, 291.
Multiplication-table, 195.
Multiplier, 132.
Music, band class="c14">the principles of, descriptive, 199;
the methods of, 209;
its method characterised, 211;
comparison in, 239;
the facts of, qualitatively homogeneous, 255;
how it began, 37;
helped by psychology, 104;
study of its own character, 189;
the goal of, 207, 209.
Physiological psychology, its methods, 211 et seq.
Physiology, its scope, 212.
Piano, its mirrored counterpart, 100 et seq.;
used to illustrate the facts of sympathetic vibration, 25 et seq.
Piano-player, a speaker compared to, 192.
Picture, physical, a, 110.
Pike, learns by experience, 267.
Pillars of Corti, 19.
Places, heavy bodies seek their, 224 et seq.
Planetary system, origin of, illustrated, 5.
Plasticity of organic nature, 216.
Plateau, his law of free liquid equilibrium, 9;
his method of getting rid of the effects of gravity, 4.
Plates of oil, thin, 6.
Plato, 347, 371.
Plautus, 347.
Playfair, 138.
Pleasant effects, cause of, 94 et seq.
Pliny, 349.
Poetry and science, 30, 31, 351.
Poinsot, on the foundations of mechanics, 152 et seq.
Polarisation, 91;
abstractly described by Newton, 242.
Politics, Chinese speak with unwillingness of, 374.
Pollak, 299.
Polyp plant, humanity likened to a, 235.
Pompeii, 234;
art in, 80.
Popper J., 172, 216.
Potential, social, 15;
electrical, 121 et seq.;
measurement of, 126;
fall of, 177;
swarm of notions in the idea of, 197;
its wide scope, 250.
Pottery, invention of, 263.
Prediction, 221 et seq.
Prejudice, the function, power, and dangers of, 232-233.
Preparatory schools, the defects of the German, 346-347;
what they should teach, 364 et seq.
Pressure of a stone or of a magnet, will compared to, 14;
also 22 et seq., 379.

Tailor, nature like a covetous, 9-10.
Tangent, the word, 263.
Taste, doubtful cultivation of, by the classics, 352-353;
of the ancients, 353.
Taylor, on the vibration of strings, 249.
Teaching, its nature, 366 et seq.
Telegraph, the word, 263.
Telescope, 262.
Telestereoscope, the, 84.
Temperament, even, in tuning, 47.
Temperature, absolute, 162;
differences of, 205;
differences of, viewed as level surfaces, 161;
heights of, 174;
scale of, derived from tensions of gases, 174.
Terence, 347.
Terms, scientific, 342-343.
Thales, 259.
Theories, their scope, function, and power, 241-242;
must be replaced by direct description, 248.
Thermal, energy, 174, 177;
capacity, 123, footnote.
Thermodynamics, 160 et seq.
Thermoelectrometer, Riess's, 133, 169.
Thing-in-itself, the, 200.
Things, mental symbols for groups of sensations, 200-201.
Thomson, James, on the lowering of the freezing-point of water by pressure, 162.
Thomson, W., his absolute electrometer, 127, footnote;
on thermodynamics, 162;
on the conservation of energy, 165;
on the mechanical measures of temperature, 174, footnote;
on waste of mechanical energy, 175;
also 108, 173, footnote.
Thought, habitudes of, 199, 224, 227, 232;
relationship between language and, 329;
incongruence between experience and, 206;
luxuriance of a fully developed, 58;
transformation in scientific, 214-235.
Thoughts, their development and the struggle for existence among them, 63;
importance of erroneous, 65;
as reproductions of facts, 107.
Thread, the individual a, on which pearls are strung, 234-235.
Tides, 283.
Timbre, 37, [Pg 412]
[Pg 413]

Clyx.com