  [The Library of Harvard College, the Boston Public Library, and the Charlemagne Tower Collection at Philadelphia are especially rich in Colonial Laws.] Alabama and Mississippi Territory. Acts of the Assembly of Alabama, 1822, etc.; J.J. Ormond, Code of Alabama, Montgomery, 1852; H. Toulmin, Digest of the Laws of Alabama, Cahawba, 1823; A. Hutchinson, Code of Mississippi, Jackson, 1848; Statutes of Mississippi etc., digested, Natchez, 1816 and 1823. Connecticut. Acts and Laws of Connecticut, New London, 1784 [-1794], and Hartford, 1796; Connecticut Colonial Records; The General Laws and Liberties of Connecticut Colonie, Cambridge, 1673, reprinted at Hartford in 1865; Statute Laws of Connecticut, Hartford, 1821. Delaware. Laws of Delaware, 1700–1797, 2 vols., New Castle, 1797. Georgia. George W.J. De Renne, editor, Colonial Acts of Georgia, Wormsloe, 1881; Constitution of Georgia; T.R.R. Cobb, Digest of the Laws, Athens, Ga., 1851; Horatio Marbury and W.H. Crawford, Digest of the Laws, Savannah, 1802; Oliver H. Prince, Digest of the Laws, 2d edition, Athens, Ga., 1837. Maryland. James Bisset, Abridgment of the Acts of Assembly, Philadelphia, 1759; Acts of Maryland, 1753–1768, Annapolis, 1754 [-1768]; Compleat Collection of the Laws of Maryland, Annapolis, 1727; Thomas Bacon, Laws of Maryland at Large, Annapolis, 1765; Laws of Maryland since 1763, Annapolis, 1787, year 1771; Clement Dorsey, General Public Statutory Law, etc., 1692–1837, 3 vols., Baltimore, 1840. Massachusetts. Acts and Laws of His Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts-Bay in New-England, Boston, 1726; Acts and Resolves ... of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, 1692–1780 [Massachusetts Province Laws]; Colonial Laws of Massachusetts, New Jersey. Samuel Allinson, Acts of Assembly, Burlington, 1776; William Paterson, Digest of the Laws, Newark, 1800; William A. Whitehead, editor, Documents relating to the Colonial History of New Jersey, Newark, 1880–93; Joseph Bloomfield, Laws of New Jersey, Trenton, 1811; New Jersey Archives. New York. Acts of Assembly, 1691–1718, London, 1719; E.B. O'Callaghan, Documentary History of New York, 4 vols., Albany, 1849–51; E.B. O'Callaghan, editor, Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 12 vols., Albany, 1856–77; Laws of New York, 1752–1762, New York, 1762; Laws of New York, 1777–1801, 5 vols., republished at Albany, 1886–7. North Carolina. F.X. Martin, Iredell's Public Acts of Assembly, Newbern, 1804; Laws, revision of 1819, 2 vols., Raleigh, 1821; North Carolina Colonial Records, edited by William L. Saunders, Raleigh, 1886–90. Pennsylvania. Acts of Assembly, Philadelphia, 1782; Charter and Laws of the Province of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, 1879; M. Carey and J. Bioren, Laws of Pennsylvania, 1700–1802, 6 vols., Philadelphia, 1803; A.J. Dallas, Laws of Pennsylvania, 1700–1781, Philadelphia, 1797; Ibid., 1781–1790, Philadelphia, 1793; Collection of all the Laws now in force, 1742; Pennsylvania Archives; Pennsylvania Colonial Records. Rhode Island. John Russell Bartlett, Index to the Printed Acts and Resolves, of ... the General Assembly, 1756–1850, Providence, 1856; Elisha R. Potter, Reports and Documents upon Public Schools, etc., Providence, 1855; Rhode Island Colonial Records. South Carolina. J.F. GrimkÉ, Public Laws, Philadelphia, 1790; Thomas Cooper and D.J. McCord, Statutes at Large, 10 vols., Columbia, 1836–41. Vermont. Statutes of Vermont, Windsor, 1787; Vermont State Papers, Middlebury, 1823. Virginia. John Mercer, Abridgement of the Acts of Assembly, Glasgow, 1759; Acts of Assembly, Williamsburg, 1769: Collection of Public Acts ... passed since 1768, Richmond, 1785; Collections of the Virginia Historical Society; W.W. Hening, Statutes at Large, 13 vols., Richmond, etc., 1819–23; Samuel Shepherd, Statutes at Large, New Series (continuation of Hening), 3 vols, Richmond, 1835–6. UNITED STATES DOCUMENTS.1789–1836. American State Papers—Class I., Foreign Relations, Vols. III. and IV. (Reprint of Foreign Relations, 1789–1828.) Class VI., Naval Affairs. (Well indexed.) 1794, Feb. 11. Report of Committee on the Slave Trade. Amer. State Papers, Miscellaneous, I. No. 44. 1806, Feb. 17. Report of the Committee appointed on the seventh instant, to inquire whether any, and if any, what Additional Provisions are necessary to Prevent the Importation of Slaves into the Territories of the United States. House Reports, 9 Cong. 1 sess. II. 1817, Feb. 11. Joint Resolution for abolishing the traffick in Slaves, and the Colinization [sic] of the Free People Of Colour of the United States. House Doc., 14 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 77. 1817, Dec. 15. Message from the President ... communicating Information of the Proceeding of certain Persons who took Possession of Amelia Island and of Galvezton, [sic] during the Summer of the Present Year, and made Establishments there. House Doc., 15 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 12. (Contains much evidence of illicit traffic.) 1818, Jan. 10. Report of the Committee to whom was referred so much of the President's Message as relates to the introduction of Slaves from Amelia Island. House Doc., 15 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 46 (cf. House Reports, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348). 1818, Jan. 13. Message from the President ... communicating information of the Troops of the United States having taken possession of Amelia Island, in East Florida. 1819, Jan. 12. Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting copies of the instructions which have been issued to Naval Commanders, upon the subject of the Importation of Slaves, etc. House Doc., 15 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 84. 1819, Jan. 19. Extracts from Documents in the Departments of State, of the Treasury, and of the Navy, in relation to the Illicit Introduction of Slaves into the United States. House Doc., 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No. 100. 1819, Jan. 21. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury ... in relation to Ships engaged in the Slave Trade, which have been Seized and Condemned, and the Disposition which has been made of the Negroes, by the several State Governments, under whose Jurisdiction they have fallen. House Doc., 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No. 107. 1820, Jan. 7. Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting information in relation to the Introduction of Slaves into the United States. House Doc., 16 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 36. 1820, Jan. 13. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting ... Information in relation to the Illicit Introduction of Slaves into the United States, etc., Ibid., No. 42. 1820, May 8. Report of the Committee to whom was referred ... so much of the President's Message as relates to the Slave Trade, etc. House Reports, 16 Cong. 1 sess. No. 97. 1821, Jan. 5. Message from the President ... transmitting ... Information on the Subject of the African Slave Trade. House Doc., 16 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 48. 1821, Feb. 7. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Reports, 17 Cong. 1 sess. No. 92, pp. 15–21. 1821, Feb. 9. Report of the Committee to which was referred so much of the President's message as relates to the Slave Trade. House Reports, 16 Cong. 2 sess. No. 59. 1822, April 12. Report of the Committee on the Suppression of the Slave Trade. Also Report of 1821, Feb. 9, reprinted. (Contains discussion of the Right of Search, 1823, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 18 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, p. 111, ff.; Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, I. No. 258. (Contains reports on the establishment at Cape Mesurado.) 1824, March 20. Message from the President ... in relation to the Suppression of the African Slave Trade. House Doc., 18 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 119. (Contains correspondence on the proposed treaty of 1824.) 1824, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, I. No. 249. 1824, Dec. 7. Documents accompanying the Message of the President ... to both Houses of Congress, at the commencement of the Second Session of the Eighteenth Congress: Documents from the Department of State. House Doc., 18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1. pp. 1–56. Reprinted in Senate Doc., 18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1. (Matter on the treaty of 1824.) 1825, Feb. 16. Report of the Committee to whom was referred so much of the President's Message, of the 7th of December last, as relates to the Suppression of the Slave Trade. House Reports, 18 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 70 (Report favoring the treaty of 1824.) 1825, Dec. 2. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 19 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 1. p. 98. 1825, Dec. 27. Slave Trade: Message from the President ... communicating Correspondence with Great Britain in relation to the Convention for Suppressing the Slave Trade. House Doc., 19 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 16. 1826, Feb. 6. Appropriation—Slave Trade: Report of the Committee of Ways and Means on the subject of the estimate of appropriations for the service of the year 1826. House Reports, 19 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 65. (Contains report of the Secretary of the Navy and account of expenditures for the African station.) 1826, March 8. Slave Ships in Alabama: Message from the President ... in relation to the Cargoes of certain Slave Ships, etc. House Doc., 19 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 121; cf. Ibid., VIII. No. 126, and IX. Nos. 152, 163; also House Reports, 19 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 231. (Cases of the Constitution, Louisa, and Merino.) 1826, Dec. 2. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. (Part IV. of Documents accompanying the President's Message.) House Doc., 19 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 9, 10, 74–103. 1827, etc. Colonization Society: Reports, etc. House Doc., 19 Cong. 2 sess. IV. Nos. 64, 69; 20 Cong. 1 sess. III. Nos. 99, 126, and V. No. 193; 20 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 114, 127–8; 21 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, p. 211–18; House Reports, 19 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 101; 21 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 277, and III. No. 348; 22 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 277. 1827, Jan. 30. Prohibition of the Slave Trade: Statement showing the Expenditure of the Appropriation for the Prohibition of the Slave Trade, during the year 1826, and an Estimate for 1827. House Doc., 19 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 69. 1827, Dec. 1 and Dec. 4. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, III. Nos. 339, 340. 1827, Dec. 6. Message from the President ... transmitting ... a Report from the Secretary of the Navy, showing the expense annually incurred in carrying into effect the Act of March 2, 1819, for Prohibiting the Slave Trade. Senate Doc., 20 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 3. 1828, March 12. Recaptured Africans: Letter from the Secretary of the Navy ... in relation to ... Recaptured Africans. House Doc., 20 Cong. 1 sess. V. No. 193; cf. Ibid., 20 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 114, 127–8; also Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, III. No. 357. 1828, April 30. Africans at Key West: Message from the President ... relative to the Disposition of the Africans Landed at Key West. House Doc., 20 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 262. 1828, Nov. 27. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, III. No. 370. 1829, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 21 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, p. 40. 1830, April 7. Slave Trade ... Report: "The committee to whom were referred the memorial of the American Society for colonizing the free people of color of the United States; also, sundry memorials from the inhabitants of the State of Kentucky, and a memorial from certain free people of color of the State of Ohio, report," etc., 3 pp. Appendix. Collected and arranged by Samuel Burch. 290 pp. House Reports, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348. (Contains a reprint of legislation and documents from 14 Cong. 2 sess. to 21 Cong. 1 sess. Very valuable.) 1830, Dec. 6. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 21 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 42–3; Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, III. No. 429 E. 1830, Dec. 6. Documents communicated to Congress by the President at the opening of the Second Session of the Twenty-first Congress, accompanying the Report of the Secretary of the Navy: Paper E. Statement of expenditures, etc., for the removal of Africans to Liberia. House Doc., 21 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 211–8. 1831, Jan. 18. Spanish Slave Ship Fenix: Message from the President ... transmitting Documents in relation to certain captives on board the Spanish slave vessel, called the Fenix. House Doc., 21 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 54; Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, III. No. 435. 1831–1835. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 22 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 45, 272–4; 22 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 48, 229; 23 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 1, pp. 238, 269; 23 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 315, 363; 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 336, 378. Also Amer. State Papers, Naval Affairs, IV. No. 457, R. Nos. 1, 2; No. 486, H. I.; No. 519, R.; No. 564, P.; No. 585, P. 1836, Jan. 26. Calvin Mickle, Ex'r of Nagle & De Frias. House Reports, 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 209. (Reports on claims connected with the captured slaver Constitution.) 1836, Jan. 27, etc. [Reports from the Committee of Claims on cases of captured Africans.] House Reports, 24 Cong. 1 sess. I. Nos. 223, 268, and III. No. 574. No. 268 is reprinted in House Reports, 25 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 4. 1836, Dec. 3. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 24 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 450, 506. 1837, Feb. 14. Message from the President ... with copies of Correspondence in relation to the Seizure of Slaves on board the brigs "Encomium" and "Enterprise." Senate Doc., 24 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 174; cf. Ibid., 25 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 216. 1837–1839. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 25 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 3, pp. 762, 771, 850; 25 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, p. 613; 26 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 534, 612. 1839. [L'Amistad Case.] House Doc., 26 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 185 (correspondence); 27 Cong. 3 sess. V. No. 191 (correspondence); 28 Cong. 1 sess. IV No. 83; House Exec. Doc., 32 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 20; House Reports, 26 Cong. 2 sess. No. 51 (case of altered Ms.); 28 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 426 (Report of Committee); 29 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 753 (Report of Committee); Senate Doc., 26 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 179 (correspondence); Senate Exec Doc., 31 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 29 (correspondence); 32 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 19; Senate Reports, 31 Cong. 2 sess. No. 301 (Report of Committee); 32 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 158 (Report of Committee); 35 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 36 (Report of Committee). 1840, May 18. Memorial of the Society of Friends, upon the subject of the foreign slave trade. House Doc., 26 Cong. 1 sess. VI. No. 211. (Results of certain investigations.) 1840, Dec. 5. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 26 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 405, 450. 1841, Jan. 20. Message from the President ... communicating ... copies of correspondence, imputing malpractices to the American consul at Havana, in regard to granting papers to vessels engaged in the slave-trade. Senate Doc., 26 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 125. (Contains much information.) 1841, March 3. Search or Seizure of American Vessels, etc.: Message from the President ... transmitting a report from the Secretary of State, in relation to seizures or search of American vessels on the coast of Africa, etc. House Doc., 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115 (elaborate correspondence). See also Ibid., 27 Cong. 1 sess. No. 34; House Reports, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283, pp. 478–755 (correspondence). 1841, Dec. 4. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 349, 351. 1842, Jan. 20. Message from the President ... communicating ... copies of correspondence in relation to the mutiny on board the brig Creole, and the liberation of the slaves who were passengers in the said vessel. Senate Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 51. See also Ibid., III. No. 137; House Doc., 27 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, p. 114. 1842, May 10. Resolutions of the Legislature of the State of Mississippi in reference to the right of search, and the case of the American brig Creole. House Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 215. (Suggestive.) 1842, etc. [Quintuple Treaty and Cass's Protest: Messages of the President, etc.] House Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 249; Senate Doc., 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 52, and IV. No. 223; 29 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 377. 1842, June 10. Indemnities for slaves on board the Comet and Encomium: Report of the Secretary of State. House Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 242. 1842, Aug. Suppression of the African Slave Trade—Extradition: Case of the Creole, etc. House Doc., 27 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 105–136. (Correspondence accompanying Message of President.) 1842, Dec. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 27 Cong. 3 sess. I. No. 2, p. 532. 1842, Dec. 30. Message from the President ... in relation to the strength and expense of the squadron to be employed on the coast of Africa. Senate Doc., 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 20. 1843, Feb. 28. Construction of the Treaty of Washington, etc.: Message from the President ... transmitting a report from the Secretary of State, in answer to the resolution of the House of the 22d February, 1843. House Doc., 27 1843, Feb. 28. African Colonization.... Report: "The Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the memorial of the friends of African colonization, assembled in convention in the city of Washington in May last, beg leave to submit the following report," etc. (16 pp.). Appendix. (1071 pp.). House Reports, 27 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 283 [Contents of Appendix: pp. 17–408, identical nearly with the Appendix to House Reports, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348; pp. 408–478. Congressional history of the slave-trade, case of the Fenix, etc. (cf. House Doc., 21 Cong. 2 sess. III. No. 54); pp. 478–729, search and seizure of American vessels (same as House Doc., 26 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 115, pp. 1–252); pp. 730–755, correspondence on British search of American vessels, etc.; pp. 756–61, Quintuple Treaty; pp. 762–3, President's Message on Treaty of 1842; pp. 764–96, correspondence on African squadron, etc.; pp. 796–1088, newspaper extracts on the slave-trade and on colonization, report of Colonization Society, etc.] 1843, Nov. 25. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 28 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, pp. 484–5. 1844, March 14. Message from the President ... communicating ... information in relation to the abuse of the flag of the United States in ... the African slave trade, etc. Senate Doc., 28 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 217. 1844, March 15. Report: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the petition of ... John Hanes, ... praying an adjustment of his accounts for the maintenance of certain captured African slaves, ask leave to report," etc. Senate Doc., 28 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 194. 1844, May 4. African Slave Trade: Report: "The Committee on Foreign Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of the American Colonization Society and others, respectfully report," etc. House Reports, 28 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 469. 1844, May 22. Suppression of the Slave-Trade on the coast of Africa: Message from the President, etc. House Doc., 28 1844, Nov. 25. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 28 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 2, p. 514. 1845, Feb. 20. Slave-Trade, etc.: Message from the President ... transmitting copies of despatches from the American minister at the court of Brazil, relative to the slave-trade, etc. House Doc., 28 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 148. (Important evidence, statistics, etc.) 1845, Feb. 26. Message from the President ... communicating ... information relative to the operations of the United States squadron, etc. Senate Doc., 28 Cong. 2 sess. IX. No. 150. (Contains reports of Commodore Perry, and statistics of Liberia.) 1845, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 29 Cong. 1 sess. I. No. 2, p. 645. 1845, Dec. 22. African Slave-Trade: Message from the President ... transmitting a report from the Secretary of State, together with the correspondence of George W. Slacum, relative to the African slave trade. House Doc., 29 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 43. (Contains much information.) 1846, June 6. Message from the President ... communicating ... copies of the correspondence between the government of the United States and that of Great Britain, on the subject of the right of search; with copies of the protest of the American minister at Paris against the quintuple treaty, etc. Senate Doc., 29 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 377. Cf. Ibid., 27 Cong. 3 sess. II. No. 52, and IV. No. 223; House Doc., 27 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 249. 1846–1847, Dec. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Doc., 29 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 4, p. 377; 30 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 8, p. 946. 1848, March 3. Message from the President ... communicating a report from the Secretary of State, with the correspondence of Mr. Wise, late United States minister to Brazil, in relation to the slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 30 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 28. (Full of facts.) 1848, May 12. Report of the Secretary of State, in relation to ... the seizure of the brig Douglass by a British 1848, Dec. 4. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 30 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1, pp. 605, 607. 1849, March 2. Correspondence between the Consuls of the United States at Rio de Janeiro, etc., with the Secretary of State, on the subject of the African Slave Trade: Message of the President, etc. House Exec. Doc., 30 Cong. 2 sess. VII. No. 61. (Contains much evidence.) 1849, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 31 Cong. 1 sess. III. pt. 1, No. 5, pt. 1, pp. 427–8. 1850, March 18. Report of the Secretary of the Navy, showing the annual number of deaths in the United States squadron on the coast of Africa, and the annual cost of that squadron. Senate Exec. Doc., 31 Cong. 1 sess. X. No. 40. 1850, July 22. African Squadron: Message from the President ... transmitting Information in reference to the African squadron. House Exec. Doc., 31 Cong. 1 sess. IX. No. 73. (Gives total expenses of the squadron, slavers captured, etc.) 1850, Aug. 2. Message from the President ... relative to the searching of American vessels by British ships of war. Senate Exec. Doc., 31 Cong. 1 sess. XIV. No. 66. 1850, Dec. 17. Message of the President ... communicating ... a report of the Secretary of State, with documents relating to the African slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 31 Cong. 2 sess. II. No. 6. 1851–1853. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 32 Cong. 1 sess. II. pt. 2, No. 2, pt. 2, pp. 4–5; 32 Cong. 2 sess. I. pt. 2, No. 1, pt. 2, p. 293; 33 Cong. 1 sess. I. pt. 3, No. 1, pt. 3, pp. 298–9. 1854, March 13. Message from the President ... communicating ... the correspondence between Mr. Schenck, United States Minister to Brazil, and the Secretary of State, in relation to the African slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 33 Cong. 1 sess. VIII. No. 47. 1854, June 13. Report submitted by Mr. Slidell, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, on a resolution relative to the abrogation of the eighth article of the 1854–1855, Dec. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 33 Cong. 2 sess. I. pt. 2, No. 1, pt. 2, pp. 386–7; 34 Cong. 1 sess. I. pt. 3, No. 1, pt. 3, p. 5. 1856, May 19. Slave and Coolie Trade: Message from the President ... communicating information in regard to the Slave and Coolie trade. House Exec. Doc., 34 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 105. (Partly reprinted in Senate Exec. Doc., 34 Cong. 1 sess. XV No. 99.) 1856, Aug. 5. Report of the Secretary of State, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of April 24, calling for information relative to the coolie trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 34 Cong. 1 sess. XV. No. 99. (Partly reprinted in House Exec Doc., 34 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 105.) 1856, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 34 Cong. 3 sess. I. pt. 2, No. 1, pt. 2, p. 407. 1857, Feb. 11. Slave Trade: Letter from the Secretary of State, asking an appropriation for the suppression of the slave trade, etc. House Exec Doc., 34 Cong. 3 sess. IX. No. 70. 1857, Dec. 3. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec Doc., 35 Cong. 1 sess. II. pt. 3, No. 2, pt. 3, p. 576. 1858, April 23. Message of the President ... communicating ... reports of the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Navy, with accompanying papers, in relation to the African slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 35 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 49. (Valuable.) 1858, Dec. 6. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 35 Cong. 2 sess. II. pt. 4, No. 2, pt. 4, pp. 5, 13–4. 1859, Jan. 12. Message of the President ... relative to the landing of the barque Wanderer on the coast of Georgia, etc. Senate Exec. Doc., 35 Cong. 2 sess. VII. No. 8. See also House Exec. Doc., 35 Cong. 2 sess. IX. No. 89. 1859, March 1. Instructions to African squadron: Message from the President, etc. House Exec. Doc., 35 Cong. 2 sess. IX. No. 104. 1859, Dec. 2. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Senate Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 2, pt. 3, pp. 1138–9, 1149–50. 1860, Jan. 25. Memorial of the American Missionary Association, praying the rigorous enforcement of the laws for the suppression of the African slave-trade, etc. Senate Misc. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. No. 8. 1860, April 24. Message from the President ... in answer to a resolution of the House calling for the number of persons ... belonging to the African squadron, who have died, etc. House Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 73. 1860, May 19. Message of the President ... relative to the capture of the slaver Wildfire, etc. Senate Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. XI. No. 44. 1860, May 22. Capture of the slaver "William": Message from the President ... transmitting correspondence relative to the capture of the slaver "William," etc. House Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. XII. No. 83. 1860, May 31. The Slave Trade ... Report: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred Senate Bill No. 464, ... together with the messages of the President ... relative to the capture of the slavers 'Wildfire' and 'William,' ... respectfully report," etc. House Reports, 36 Cong. 1 sess. IV. No. 602. 1860, June 16. Recaptured Africans: Letter from the Secretary of the Interior, on the subject of the return to Africa of recaptured Africans, etc. House Misc. Doc., 36 Cong. 1 sess. VII. No. 96. Cf. Ibid., No. 97, p. 2. 1860, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Senate Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 2 sess. III. pt. 1, No. 1, pt. 3, pp. 8–9. 1860, Dec. 6. African Slave Trade: Message from the President ... transmitting ... a report from the Secretary of State in reference to the African slave trade. House Exec. Doc., 36 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 7. (Voluminous document, containing chiefly correspondence, orders, etc., 1855–1860.) 1860, Dec. 17. Deficiencies of Appropriation, etc.: Letter from the Secretary of the Interior, communicating estimates for deficiencies in the appropriation for the 1861, July 4. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Senate Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 1 sess. No. 1, pp. 92, 97. 1861, Dec. 2. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Senate Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 2 sess. Vol. III. pt. 1, No. 1, pt. 3, pp. 11, 21. 1861, Dec. 18. In Relation to Captured Africans: Letter from the Secretary of the Interior ... as to contracts for returning and subsistence of captured Africans. House Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 12. 1862, April 1. Letter of the Secretary of the Interior ... in relation to the slave vessel the "Bark Augusta." Senate Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 40. 1862, May 30. Letter of the Secretary of the Interior ... in relation to persons who have been arrested in the southern district of New York, from the 1st day of May, 1852, to the 1st day of May, 1862, charged with being engaged in the slave trade, etc. Senate Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 53. 1862, June 10. Message of the President ... transmitting a copy of the treaty between the United States and her Britannic Majesty for the suppression of the African slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 2 sess. V. No. 57. (Also contains correspondence.) 1862, Dec. 1. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 3 sess. III. No. 1, pt. 3, p. 23. 1863, Jan. 7. Liberated Africans: Letter from the Acting Secretary of the Interior ... transmitting reports from Agent Seys in relation to care of liberated Africans. House Exec. Doc., 37 Cong. 3 sess. V. No. 28. 1864, July 2. Message of the President ... communicating ... information in regard to the African slave trade. Senate Exec. Doc., 38 Cong. 1 sess. No. 56. 1866–69. Reports of the Secretary of the Navy. House Exec. Doc., 39 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 1, pt. 6, pp. 12, 18–9; 40 Cong. 2 sess. IV. No. 1, p. 11; 40 Cong. 3 sess. IV. No. 1, p. ix; 41 Cong. 2 sess. I. No. 1, pp. 4, 5, 9, 10. 1870, March 2. [Resolution on the slave-trade submitted to the Senate by Mr. Wilson]. Senate Misc. Doc., 41 Cong. 2 sess. No. 66. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY.John Quincy Adams. Argument before the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of the United States, Appellants, vs. Cinque, and Others, Africans, captured in the schooner Amistad, by Lieut. Gedney, delivered on the 24th of Feb. and 1st of March, 1841. With a Review of the case of the Antelope. New York, 1841. An African Merchant (anon.). A Treatise upon the Trade from Great-Britain to Africa; Humbly recommended to the Attention of Government. London, 1772. The African Slave Trade: Its Nature, Consequences, and Extent. From the Leeds Mercury. [Birmingham, 183-.] The African Slave Trade: The Secret Purpose of the Insurgents to Revive it. No Treaty Stipulations against the Slave Trade to be entered into with the European Powers, etc. Philadelphia, 1863. George William Alexander. Letters on the Slave-Trade, Slavery, and Emancipation, etc. London, 1842. (Contains Bibliography.) American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society; Reports. American Anti-Slavery Society. Memorial for the Abolition of Slavery and the Slave Trade. London, 1841. ——. Reports and Proceedings. American Colonization Society. Annual Reports, 1818–1860. (Cf. above, United States Documents.) J.A. Andrew and A.G. Browne, proctors. Circuit Court of the United States, Massachusetts District, ss. In Admiralty. The United States, by Information, vs. the Schooner Wanderer and Cargo, G. Lamar, Claimant. Boston, 1860. Edward Armstrong, editor. The Record of the Court at Upland, in Pennsylvania. 1676–1681. Philadelphia, 1860. (In Memoirs of the Pennsylvania Historical Society, VII. 11.) Samuel Greene Arnold. History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. 2 vols. New York, 1859–60. (See Index to Vol. II., "Slave Trade.") Assiento, or, Contract for allowing to the Subjects of Great Britain the Liberty of Importing Negroes into the Spanish America. Sign'd by the Catholick King at Madrid, the Twenty sixth Day of March, 1713. By Her Majesties special Command. London, 1713. R.S. Baldwin. Argument before the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of the United States, Appellants, vs. Cinque, and Others, Africans of the Amistad. New York, 1841. James Bandinel. Some Account of the Trade in Slaves from Africa as connected with Europe and America; From the Introduction of the Trade into Modern Europe, down to the present Time; especially with reference to the efforts made by the British Government for its extinction. London, 1842. Anthony Benezet. Inquiry into the Rise and Progress of the Slave Trade, 1442–1771. (In his Historical Account of Guinea, etc., Philadelphia, 1771.) ——. Notes on the Slave Trade, etc. [1780?]. Thomas Hart Benton. Abridgment of the Debates of Congress, from 1789 to 1856. 16 vols. Washington, 1857–61. Edward Bettle. Notices of Negro Slavery, as connected with Pennsylvania. (Read before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Aug. 7, 1826. Printed in Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Vol. I. Philadelphia, 1864.) W.O. Blake. History of Slavery and the Slave Trade, Ancient and Modern. Columbus, 1859. Jeffrey R. Brackett. The Status of the Slave, 1775–1789. (Essay V. in Jameson's Essays in the Constitutional History of the United States, 1775–89. Boston, 1889.) Thomas Branagan. Serious Remonstrances, addressed to the Citizens of the Northern States and their Representatives, on the recent Revival of the Slave Trade in this Republic. Philadelphia, 1805. British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. Annual and Special Reports. ——. Proceedings of the general Anti-Slavery Convention, called by the committee of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, and held in London, ... June, 1840. London, 1841. [A British Merchant.] The African Trade, the Great Pillar and Support of the British Plantation Trade in America: [British Parliament, House of Lords.] Report of the Lords of the Committee of the Council appointed for the Confederation of all Matters relating to Trade and Foreign Plantations, etc. 2 vols. [London,] 1789. William Brodie. Modern Slavery and the Slave Trade: a Lecture, etc. London, 1860. Thomas Fowell Buxton. The African Slave Trade and its Remedy. London, 1840. John Elliot Cairnes. The Slave Power: its Character, Career, and Probable Designs. London, 1862. Henry C. Carey. The Slave Trade, Domestic and Foreign: why it Exists and how it may be Extinguished. Philadelphia, 1853. [Lewis Cass]. An Examination of the Question, now in Discussion, ... concerning the Right of Search. By an American. [Philadelphia, 1842.] William Ellery Channing. The Duty of the Free States, or Remarks suggested by the case of the Creole. Boston, 1842. David Christy. Ethiopia, her Gloom and Glory, as illustrated in the History of the Slave Trade, etc. (1442–1857.) Cincinnati, 1857. Rufus W. Clark. The African Slave Trade. Boston, [1860.] Thomas Clarkson. An Essay on the Comparative Efficiency of Regulation or Abolition, as applied to the Slave Trade. Shewing that the latter only can remove the evils to be found in that commerce. London, 1789. ——. An Essay on the Impolicy of the African Slave Trade. In two parts. Second edition. London, 1788. ——. An Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species, particularly the African. London and Dublin, 1786. ——. The History of the Rise, Progress, and Accomplishment of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade, by the British Parliament. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1808. Michael W. Cluskey. The Political Text-Book, or Encyclopedia ... for the Reference of Politicians and Statesmen. Fourteenth edition. Philadelphia, 1860. T.R.R. Cobb. An Historical Sketch of Slavery, from the Earliest Periods. Philadelphia and Savannah. 1858. T.R.R. Cobb. Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery in the United States of America. Vol. I. Philadelphia and Savannah, 1858. Company of Royal Adventurers. The Several Declarations of the Company of Royal Adventurers of England trading into Africa, inviting all His Majesties Native Subjects in general to Subscribe, and become Sharers in their Joynt-stock, etc. [London,] 1667. Confederate States of America. By Authority of Congress: The Statutes at Large of the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America, from the Institution of the Government, Feb. 8, 1861, to its Termination, Feb. 18, 1862, Inclusive, etc. (Contains provisional and permanent constitutions.) Edited by James M. Matthews. Richmond, 1864. Constitution of a Society for Abolishing the Slave-Trade. With Several Acts of the Legislatures of the States of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode-Island, for that Purpose. Printed by John Carter. Providence, 1789. Continental Congress. Journals and Secret Journals. Moncure D. Conway. Omitted Chapters of History disclosed in the Life and Papers of Edmund Randolph, etc. New York and London, 1888. Thomas Cooper. Letters on the Slave Trade. Manchester, Eng., 1787. Correspondence with British Ministers and Agents in Foreign Countries, and with Foreign Ministers in England, relative to the Slave Trade, 1859–60. London, 1860. The Creole Case, and Mr. Webster's Despatch; with the comments of the New York "American." New York, 1842. B.R. Curtis. Reports of Decisions in the Supreme Court of the United States. With Notes, and a Digest. Fifth edition. 22 vols. Boston, 1870. James Dana. The African Slave Trade. A Discourse delivered ... September, 9, 1790, before the Connecticut Society for the Promotion of Freedom. New Haven, 1791. Henry B. Dawson, editor. The Foederalist: A Collection of Essays, written in favor of the New Constitution, as agreed upon by the Foederal Convention, September 17, 1787. Reprinted from the Original Text. With an Historical Introduction and Notes. Vol. I. New York, 1863. Paul Dean. A Discourse delivered before the African Society ... in Boston, Mass., on the Abolition of the Slave Trade ... July 14, 1819. Boston, 1819. Charles Deane. The Connection of Massachusetts with Slavery and the Slave-Trade, etc. Worcester, 1886. (Also in Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, October, 1886.) ——. Charles Deane. Letters and Documents relating to Slavery in Massachusetts. (In Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 5th Series, III. 373.) Debate on a Motion for the Abolition of the Slave-Trade, in the House of Commons, on Monday and Tuesday, April 18 and 19, 1791. Reported in detail. London, 1791. J.D.B. De Bow. The Commercial Review of the South and West. (Also De Bow's Review of the Southern and Western States.) 38 vols. New Orleans, 1846–69. Franklin B. Dexter. Estimates of Population in the American Colonies. Worcester, 1887. Captain Richard Drake. Revelations of a Slave Smuggler: being the Autobiography of Capt. Richard Drake, an African Trader for fifty years—from 1807 to 1857, etc. New York, [1860.] Daniel Drayton. Personal Memoir, etc. Including a Narrative of the Voyage and Capture of the Schooner Pearl. Published by the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, Boston and New York, 1855. John Drayton. Memoirs of the American Revolution. 2 vols. Charleston, 1821. Paul Dudley. An Essay on the Merchandize of Slaves and Souls of Men. Boston, 1731. Edward E. Dunbar. The Mexican Papers, containing the History of the Rise and Decline of Commercial Slavery in America, with reference to the Future of Mexico. First Series, No. 5. New York, 1861. Jonathan Edwards. The Injustice and Impolicy of the Slave Trade, and of the Slavery of the Africans, etc. [New Haven,] 1791. Jonathan Elliot. The Debates ... on the adoption of the Federal Constitution, etc. 4 vols. Washington, 1827–30. Emerson Etheridge. Speech ... on the Revival of the African Slave Trade, etc. Washington, 1857. Alexander Falconbridge. An Account of the Slave Trade on the Coast of Africa. London, 1788. Andrew H. Foote. Africa and the American Flag. New York, 1854. ——. The African Squadron: Ashburton Treaty; Consular Sea Letters. Philadelphia, 1855. Peter Force. American Archives, etc. In Six Series. Prepared and Published under Authority of an act of Congress. Fourth and Fifth Series. 9 vols. Washington, 1837–53. Paul Leicester Ford. The Association of the First Congress, (In Political Science Quarterly, VI. 613.) ——. Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States, published during its Discussion by the People, 1787–8. (With Bibliography, etc.) Brooklyn, 1888. William Chauncey Fowler. Local Law in Massachusetts and Connecticut, Historically considered; and The Historical Status of the Negro, in Connecticut, etc. Albany, 1872, and New Haven, 1875. [Benjamin Franklin.] An Essay on the African Slave Trade. Philadelphia, 1790. [Friends.] Address to the Citizens of the United States of America on the subject of Slavery, etc. (At New York Yearly Meeting.) New York, 1837. ——. An Appeal on the Iniquity of Slavery and the Slave Trade. (At London Yearly Meeting.) London and Cincinnati, 1844. ——. The Appeal of the Religious Society of Friends in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, etc., [Yearly Meeting] to their Fellow-Citizens of the United States on behalf of the Coloured Races. Philadelphia, 1858. ——. A Brief Statement of the Rise and Progress of the Testimony of the Religious Society of Friends against Slavery and the Slave Trade. 1671–1787. (At Yearly Meeting in Philadelphia.) Philadelphia, 1843. ——. The Case of our Fellow-Creatures, the Oppressed Africans, respectfully recommended to the Serious Consideration of the Legislature of Great-Britain, by the People called Quakers. (At London Meeting.) London, 1783 and 1784. (This volume contains many tracts on the African slave-trade, especially in the West Indies; also descriptions of trade, [Friends.] An Exposition of the African Slave Trade, from the year 1840, to 1850, inclusive. Prepared from official documents. Philadelphia, 1857. ——. Extracts and Observations on the Foreign Slave Trade. Philadelphia, 1839. ——. Facts and Observations relative to the Participation of American Citizens in the African Slave Trade. Philadelphia, 1841. ——. Faits relatifs À la Traite des Noirs, et DÉtails sur Sierra Leone; par la SociÉtÉ des Ames. Paris, 1824. ——. Germantown Friends' Protest against Slavery, 1688. Fac-simile Copy. Philadelphia, 1880. ——. Observations on the Inslaving, importing and purchasing of Negroes; with some Advice thereon, extracted from the Epistle of the Yearly-Meeting of the People called Quakers, held at London in the Year 1748. Second edition. Germantown, 1760. ——. Proceedings in relation to the Presentation of the Address of the [Great Britain and Ireland] Yearly Meeting on the Slave-Trade and Slavery, to Sovereigns and those in Authority in the nations of Europe, and in other parts of the world, where the Christian religion is professed. Cincinnati, 1855. ——. Slavery and the Domestic Slave Trade in the United States. By the committee appointed by the late Yearly Meeting of Friends held in Philadelphia, in 1839. Philadelphia, 1841. ——. A View of the Present State of the African Slave Trade. Philadelphia, 1824. Carl Garcis. Das Heutige VÖlkerrecht und der Menschenhandel. Eine vÖlkerrechtliche Abhandlung, zugleich Ausgabe des deutschen Textes der VertrÄge von 20. Dezember 1841 und 29. MÄrz 1879. Berlin, 1879. ——. Der Sklavenhandel, das VÖlkerrecht, und das deutsche Recht. (In Deutsche Zeit- und Streit-Fragen, No. 13.) Berlin, 1885. AgÉnor Étienne de Gasparin. Esclavage et Traite. Paris, 1838. Joshua R. Giddings. Speech ... on his motion to reconsider the vote taken upon the final passage of the "Bill Benjamin Godwin. The Substance of a Course of Lectures on British Colonial Slavery, delivered at Bradford, York, and Scarborough. London, 1830. ——. Lectures on Slavery. From the London edition, with additions. Edited by W.S. Andrews. Boston, 1836. William Goodell. The American Slave Code in Theory and Practice: its Distinctive Features shown by its Statutes, Judicial Decisions, and Illustrative Facts. New York, 1853. ——. Slavery and Anti-Slavery; A History of the great Struggle in both Hemispheres; with a view of the Slavery Question in the United States. New York, 1852. Daniel R. Goodloe. The Birth of the Republic. Chicago, [1889.] [Great Britain.] British and Foreign State Papers. ——. Sessional Papers. (For notices of slave-trade in British Sessional Papers, see Bates Hall Catalogue, Boston Public Library, pp. 347 et seq.) [Great Britain: Parliament.] Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes, Eleventh Edition, to the end of the Session 52 and 53 Victoria, (1889.) By Authority. London, 1890. [Great Britain: Record Commission.] The Statutes of the Realm. Printed by command of His Majesty King George the Third ... From Original Records and Authentic Manuscripts. 9 vols. London, 1810–22. George Gregory. Essays, Historical and Moral. Second edition. London, 1788. (Essays 7 and 8: Of Slavery and the Slave Trade; A Short Review, etc.) Pope Gregory XVI. To Catholic Citizens! The Pope's Bull [for the Abolition of the Slave Trade], and the words of Daniel O'Connell [on American Slavery.] New York, [1856.] H. Hall. Slavery in New Hampshire. (In New England Register, XXIX. 247.) Isaac W. Hammond. Slavery in New Hampshire in the Olden Time. (In Granite Monthly, IV. 108.) James H. Hammond. Letters on Southern Slavery: addressed to Thomas Clarkson. [Charleston, (?)]. Robert G. Harper. Argument against the Policy of Reopening the African Slave Trade. Atlanta, Ga., 1858. Samuel Hazard, editor. The Register of Pennsylvania. 16 vols. Philadelphia, 1828–36. Hinton R. Helper. The Impending Crisis of the South: How to Meet it. Enlarged edition. New York, 1860. Lewis and Sir Edward Hertslet, compilers. A Complete Collection of the Treaties and Conventions, and Reciprocal Regulations, at present subsisting between Great Britain and Foreign Powers, and of the Laws, Decrees, and Orders in Council, concerning the same; so far as they relate to Commerce and Navigation, ... the Slave Trade, etc. 17 vols., (Vol. XVI., Index.) London, 1840–90. William B. Hodgson. The Foulahs of Central Africa, and the African Slave Trade. [New York, (?)] 1843. John Codman Hurd. The Law of Freedom and Bondage in the United States. 2 vols. Boston and New York, 1858, 1862. ——. The International Law of the Slave Trade, and the Maritime Right of Search. (In the American Jurist, XXVI. 330.) ——. The Jamaica Movement, for promoting the Enforcement of the Slave-Trade Treaties, and the Suppression of the Slave-Trade; with statements of Fact, Convention, and Law: prepared at the request of the Kingston Committee. London, 1850. William Jay. Miscellaneous Writings on Slavery. Boston, 1853. ——. A View of the Action of the Federal Government, in Behalf of Slavery. New York, 1839. T. and J.W. Johnson. Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery in the United States. Alexandre Moreau de JonnÈs. Recherches Statistiques sur l'Esclavage Colonial et sur les Moyens de le supprimer. Paris, 1842. M.A. Juge. The American Planter: or The Bound Labor Interest in the United States. New York, 1854. Friedrich Kapp. Die Sklavenfrage in den Vereinigten Staaten. GÖttingen and New York, 1854. ——. Geschichte der Sklaverei in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Hamburg, 1861. Frederic Kidder. The Slave Trade in Massachusetts. (In New-England Historical and Genealogical Register, XXXI. 75.) George Lawrence. An Oration on the Abolition of the Slave Trade ... Jan. 1, 1813. New York, 1813. William B. Lawrence. Visitation and Search; or, An Historical Sketch of the British Claim to exercise a Maritime Police over the Vessels of all Nations, in Peace as well as in War. Boston, 1858. Letter from ... in London, to his Friend in America, on the ... Slave Trade, etc. New York, 1784. Thomas Lloyd. Debates of the Convention of the State of Pennsylvania on the Constitution, proposed for the Government of the United States. In two volumes. Vol. I. Philadelphia, 1788. London Anti-Slavery Society. The Foreign Slave Trade, A Brief Account of its State, of the Treaties which have been entered into, and of the Laws enacted for its Suppression, from the date of the English Abolition Act to the present time. London, 1837. ——. The Foreign Slave Trade, etc., No. 2. London, 1838. London Society for the Extinction of the Slave Trade, and for the Civilization of Africa. Proceedings at the first Public Meeting, held at Exeter Hall, on Monday, 1st June, 1840. London, 1840. Theodore Lyman, Jr. The Diplomacy of the United States, etc. Second edition. 2 vols. Boston, 1828. Hugh M'Call. The History of Georgia, containing Brief Sketches of the most Remarkable Events, up to the Present Day. 2 vols. Savannah, 1811–16. Marion J. McDougall. Fugitive Slaves. Boston, 1891. John Fraser Macqueen. Chief Points in the Laws of War and Neutrality, Search and Blockade, etc. London and Edinburgh, 1862. R.R. Madden. A Letter to W.E. Channing, D.D., on the subject of the Abuse of the Flag of the United States in the Island of Cuba, and the Advantage taken of its Protection in promoting the Slave Trade. Boston, 1839. James Madison. Letters and Other Writings of James Madison, Fourth President of the United States. In four volumes James Madison. The Papers of James Madison, purchased by order of Congress; being his Correspondence and Reports of Debates during the Congress of the Confederation and his Reports of Debates in the Federal Convention. 3 vols. Washington, 1840. Marana (pseudonym). The Future of America. Considered ... in View of ... Re-opening the Slave Trade. Boston, 1858. E. Marining. Six Months on a Slaver. New York, 1879. George C. Mason. The African Slave Trade in Colonial Times. (In American Historical Record, I. 311, 338.) Frederic G. Mather. Slavery in the Colony and State of New York. (In Magazine of American History, XI. 408.) Samuel May, Jr. Catalogue of Anti-Slavery Publications in America, 1750–1863. (Contains bibliography of periodical literature.) Memorials presented to the Congress of the United States of America, by the Different Societies instituted for promoting the Abolition of Slavery, etc., etc., in the States of Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. Philadelphia, 1792. Charles F. Mercer. MÉmoires relatifs À l'Abolition de la Traite Africaine, etc. Paris, 1855. C.W. Miller. Address on Re-opening the Slave Trade ... August 29, 1857. Columbia, S.C., 1857. George H. Moore. Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts. New York, 1866. ——. Slavery in Massachusetts. (In Historical Magazine, XV. 329.) Jedidiah Morse. A Discourse ... July 14, 1808, in Grateful Celebration of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade by the Governments of the United States, Great Britain and Denmark. Boston, 1808. John Pennington, Lord Muncaster. Historical Sketches of the Slave Trade and its effect on Africa, addressed to the People of Great Britain. London, 1792. Edward Needles. An Historical Memoir of the Pennsylvania Society, for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery. New England Anti-Slavery Convention. Proceedings at Boston, May 27, 1834. Boston, 1834. Hezekiah Niles (et al.), editors. The Weekly Register, etc. 71 vols. Baltimore, 1811–1847. (For Slave-Trade, see I. 224; III. 189; V. 30, 46; VI. 152; VII. 54, 96, 286, 350; VIII. 136, 190, 262, 302, Supplement, p. 155; IX. 60, 78, 133, 172, 335; X. 296, 400, 412, 427; XI. 15, 108, 156, 222, 336, 399; XII. 58, 60, 103, 122, 159, 219, 237, 299, 347, 397, 411.) Robert Norris. A Short Account of the African Slave-Trade. A new edition corrected. London, 1789. E.B. O'Callaghan, translator. Voyages of the Slavers St. John and Arms of Amsterdam, 1659, 1663; with additional papers illustrative of the Slave Trade under the Dutch. Albany, 1867. (New York Colonial Tracts, No. 3.) Frederick Law Olmsted. A Journey in the Back Country. New York, 1860. ——. A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States, etc. New York, 1856. ——. A Journey through Texas, etc. New York, 1857. ——. The Cotton Kingdom, etc. 2 vols. New York, 1861. Sir W.G. Ouseley. Notes on the Slave Trade; with Remarks on the Measures adopted for its Suppression. London, 1850. Pennsylvania Historical Society. The Charlemagne Tower Collection of American Colonial Laws. (Bibliography.) Philadelphia, 1890. Edward A. Pollard. Black Diamonds gathered in the Darkey Homes of the South. New York, 1859. William F. Poole. Anti-Slavery Opinions before the Year 1800. To which is appended a fac-simile reprint of Dr. George Buchanan's Oration on the Moral and Political Evil of Slavery, etc. Cincinnati, 1873. Robert Proud. History of Pennsylvania. 2 vols. Philadelphia. 1797–8. [James Ramsay.] An Inquiry into the Effects of putting a Stop to the African Slave Trade, and of granting Liberty to the Slaves in the British Sugar Colonies. London, 1784. [James Ramsey.] Objections to the Abolition of the Slave Trade, with Answers, etc. Second edition. London, 1788. [John Ranby.] Observations on the Evidence given before the Committees of the Privy Council and House of Commons in Support of the Bill for Abolishing the Slave Trade. London, 1791. Remarks on the Colonization of the Western Coast of Africa, by the Free Negroes of the United States, etc. New York, 1850. Right of Search. Reply to an "American's Examination" of the "Right of Search, etc." By an Englishman. London, 1842. William Noel Sainsbury, editor. Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, America and the West Indies, 1574–1676. 4 vols. London, 1860–93. George Sauer. La Traite et l'Esclavage des Noirs. London, 1863. George S. Sawyer. Southern Institutes; or, An Inquiry into the Origin and Early Prevalence of Slavery and the Slave-Trade. Philadelphia, 1858. Selections from the Revised Statutes: Containing all the Laws relating to Slaves, etc. New York, 1830. Johann J. Sell. Versuch einer Geschichte des Negersclavenhandels. Halle, 1791. [Granville Sharp.] Extract of a Letter to a Gentleman in Maryland; Wherein is demonstrated the extreme wickedness of tolerating the Slave Trade. Fourth edition. London, 1806. A Short Account of that part of Africa Inhabited by the Negroes, ... and the Manner by which the Slave Trade is carried on. Third edition. London, 1768. A Short Sketch of the Evidence for the Abolition of the Slave-Trade. Philadelphia, 1792. Joseph Sidney. An Oration commemorative of the Abolition of the Slave Trade in the United States.... Jan. 2. 1809. New York, 1809. [A Slave Holder.] Remarks upon Slavery and the Slave-Trade, addressed to the Hon. Henry Clay. 1839. The Slave Trade in New York. (In the Continental Monthly, January, 1862, p. 86.) Joseph Smith. A Descriptive Catalogue of Friends' Books. (Bibliography.) 2 vols. London, 1867. Capt. William Snelgrave. A New Account of some Parts of Guinea, and the Slave-Trade. London, 1734. South Carolina. General Assembly (House), 1857. Report of the Special Committee of the House of Representatives ... on so much of the Message of His Excellency Gov. Jas. H. Adams, as relates to Slavery and the Slave Trade. Columbia, S.C., 1857. L.W. Spratt. A Protest from South Carolina against a Decision of the Southern Congress: Slave Trade in the Southern Congress. (In Littell's Living Age, Third Series, LXVIII. 801.) ——. Speech upon the Foreign Slave Trade, before the Legislature of South Carolina. Columbia, S.C., 1858. ——. The Foreign Slave Trade the Source of Political Power, etc. Charleston, 1858. William Stith. The History of the First Discovery and Settlement of Virginia. Virginia and London, 1753. George M. Stroud. A Sketch of the Laws relating to Slavery in the Several States of the United States of America. Philadelphia, 1827. James Swan. A Dissuasion to Great-Britain and the Colonies: from the Slave-Trade to Africa. Shewing the Injustice thereof, etc. Revised and Abridged. Boston, 1773. F.T. Texugo. A Letter on the Slave Trade still carried on along the Eastern Coast of Africa, etc. London, 1839. R. Thorpe. A View of the Present Increase of the Slave Trade, the Cause of that Increase, and a mode for effecting its total Annihilation. London, 1818. Jesse Torrey. A Portraiture of Domestic Slavery ... and a Project of Colonial Asylum for Free Persons of Colour. Philadelphia, 1817. Drs. Tucker and Belknap. Queries respecting the Slavery and Emancipation of Negroes in Massachusetts, proposed by the Hon. Judge Tucker of Virginia, and answered by the Rev. Dr. Belknap. (In Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, First Series, IV. 191.) David Turnbull. Travels in the West. Cuba; with Notices of Porto Rico, and the Slave Trade. London, 1840. United States Congress. Annals of Congress, 1789–1824; Congressional Debates, 1824–37; Congressional Globe, 1833–73; Congressional Record, 1873-; Documents (House and Senate); Executive Documents (House and Senate); United States Supreme Court. Reports of Decisions. Charles W. Upham. Speech in the House of Representatives, Massachusetts, on the Compromises of the Constitution, with an Appendix containing the Ordinance of 1787. Salem, 1849. Virginia State Convention. Proceedings and Debates, 1829–30. Richmond, 1830. G. Wadleigh. Slavery in New Hampshire. (In Granite Monthly, VI. 377.) Emory Washburn. Extinction of Slavery in Massachusetts. (In Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, May, 1857. Boston, 1859.) William B. Weeden. Economic and Social History of New England, 1620–1789. 2 vols. Boston, 1890. Henry Wheaton. Enquiry into the Validity of the British Claim to a Right of Visitation and Search of American Vessels suspected to be engaged in the African Slave-Trade. Philadelphia, 1842. William H. Whitmore. The Colonial Laws of Massachusetts. Reprinted from the Edition of 1660, with the Supplements to 1772. Containing also the Body of Liberties of 1641. Boston, 1889. George W. Williams. History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1880. 2 vols. New York, 1883. Henry Wilson. History of the Antislavery Measures of the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth United-States Congresses, 1861–64. Boston, 1864. ——. History of the Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America. 3 vols. Boston, 1872–7. FootnotesThe journal kept by Louise of Savoy does not impart much information as to the style of life which she and her children led in their new abode, the palatial ChÂteau of Amboise, originally built by the Counts of Anjou, and fortified by Charles VII. with the most formidable towers in France. (1) 1 The ChÂteau of Amboise, now the private property of the Count de Paris, is said to occupy the site of a Roman fortress destroyed by the Normans and rebuilt by Foulques the Red of Anjou. When Francis I. ascended the French throne he presented the barony of Amboise with its hundred and forty-six fiefs to his mother, Louise of Savoy. Numerous authorities state, however, that Margaret spent most of her time in study with her preceptors and in the devotional exercises which then had so large a place in the training of princesses. Still she was by no means indifferent to the pastimes in which her brother and his companions engaged. Gaston de Foix, the nephew of the King, William Gouffier, who became Admiral de Bonnivet, Philip Brion, Sieur de Chabot, Fleurange, “the young adventurer,” Charles de Bourbon, Count of Montpensier, and Anne de Montmorency—two future Constables of France—surrounded the heir to the throne, with whom they practised tennis, archery, and jousting, or played at soldiers pending the time when they were to wage war in earnest. (1) Margaret was a frequent spectator of these pastimes, and took a keen interest in her brother’s efforts whenever he was assailing or defending some miniature fortress or tilting at the ring. It would appear also that she was wont to play at chess with him; for we have it on high authority that it is she and her brother who are represented, thus engaged, in a curious miniature preserved at the BibliothÈque Nationale in Paris. (2) In this design—executed by an unknown artist—only the back of Francis is to be seen, but a full view of Margaret is supplied; the personage standing behind her being Artus Gouffier, her own and her brother’s governor. 1 Fleurange’s Histoire des Choses mÉmorables advenues du Reigne de Louis XII. et FranÇois I. 2 Paulin Paris’s Manuscrits franÇois de la BibliothÈque du Roi, &c., Paris, 1836, vol. i. pp. 279-281. The miniature in question is contained in MS. No. 6808: Commentaire sur le Livre des Échecs amoureux et Archiloge Sophie. Whatever time Margaret may have devoted to diversion, she was certainly a very studious child, for at fifteen years of age she already had the reputation of being highly accomplished. Shortly after her sixteenth birthday a great change took place in her life. On August 3rd, 1508, Louise of Savoy records in her journal that Francis “this day quitted Amboise to become a courtier, and left me all alone.” Margaret accompanied her brother upon his entry into the world, the young couple repairing to Blois, where Louis XII. had fixed his residence. There had previously been some unsuccessful negotiations in view of marrying Margaret to Prince Henry of England (Henry VIII.), and at this period another husband was suggested in the person of Charles of Austria, Count of Flanders, and subsequently Emperor Charles V. Louis XII., however, had other views as regards the daughter of the Count of AngoulÊme, for he knew that if he himself died without male issue the throne would pass to Margaret’s brother. Hence he decided to marry her to a prince of the royal house, Charles, Duke of AlenÇon. This prince, born at AlenÇon on September 2nd, 1489, had been brought up at the ChÂteau of Mauves, in Le Perche, by his mother, the pious and charitable Margaret of Lorraine, who on losing her husband had resolved, like Louise of Savoy, to devote herself to the education of her children. (1) 1 Hilarion de Coste’s Vies et Éloges des Dames illustres, vol. ii. p. 260. It had originally been intended that her son Charles should marry Susan, daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Bourbon—the celebrated Peter and Anne de Beaujeu—but this match fell through owing to the death of Peter and the opposition of Anne, who preferred the young Count of Montpensier (afterwards Constable de Bourbon) as a son-in-law. A yet higher alliance then presented itself for Charles: it was proposed that he should marry Anne of Brittany, the widow of King Charles VIII., but she was many years his senior, and, moreover, to prevent the separation of Brittany from France, it had been stipulated that she should marry either her first husband’s successor (Louis XII.) or the heir-presumptive to the throne. Either course seemed impracticable, as the heir, Francis of AngoulÊme, was but a child, while the new King was already married to Jane, a daughter of Louis XI. Brittany seemed lost to France, when Louis XII., by promising the duchy of Valentinois to CÆsar Borgia, prevailed upon Pope Alexander VI. to divorce him from his wife. He then married Anne of Brittany, while Charles of AlenÇon proceeded to perfect his knightly education, pending other matrimonial arrangements. In 1507, when in his eighteenth year, he accompanied the army which the King led against the Genoese, and conducted himself bravely; displaying such courage, indeed, at the battle of Agnadel, gained over the Venetians—who were assailed after the submission of Genoa—that Louis XII. bestowed upon him the Order of St. Michael. It was during this Italian expedition that his mother negotiated his marriage with Margaret of AngoulÊme. The alliance was openly countenanced by Louis XII., and the young Duke of Valois—as Francis of AngoulÊme was now called—readily acceded to it. Margaret brought with her a dowry of sixty thousand livres, payable in four instalments, and Charles, who was on the point of attaining his twenty-first year, was declared a major and placed in possession of his estates. (1) The marriage was solemnised at Blois in October 1509. 1 Odolant Desnos’s MÉmoires historiques sur AlenÇon, vol. ii. p. 231 Margaret did not find in her husband a mind comparable to her own. Differences of taste and temper brought about a certain amount of coolness, which did not, however, hinder the Duchess from fulfilling the duties of a faithful, submissive wife. In fact, although but little sympathy would appear to have existed between the Duke and Duchess of AlenÇon, their domestic differences have at least been singularly exaggerated. During the first five years of her married life Margaret lived in somewhat retired style in her duchy of AlenÇon, while her husband took part in various expeditions, and was invested with important functions. In 1513 he fought in Picardy against the English and Imperialists, commanded by Henry VIII., being present at the famous “Battle of Spurs;” and early in 1514 he was appointed Lieutenant-General and Governor of Brittany. Margaret at this period was not only often separated from her husband, but she also saw little of her mother, who had retired to her duchy of AngoulÊme. Louise of Savoy, as mother of the heir-presumptive, was the object of the homage of all adroit and politic courtiers, but she had to behave with circumspection on account of the jealousy of the Queen, Anne of Brittany, whose daughters, Claude and RenÉe, were debarred by the Salic Law from inheriting the crown. Louis XII. wished to marry Claude to Francis of AngoulÊme, but Anne refusing her consent, it was only after her death, in 1514, that the marriage was solemnised. It now seemed certain that Francis would in due course ascend the throne; but Louis XII. abruptly contracted a third alliance, marrying Mary of England, the sister of Henry VIII. Louise of Savoy soon deemed it prudent to keep a watch on the conduct of this gay young Queen, and took up her residence at the Court in November 1514. Shortly afterwards Louis XII. died of exhaustion, as many had foreseen, and the hopes of the Duchess of AngoulÊme were realised. She knew the full extent of her empire over her son, now Francis I., and felt both able and ready to exercise a like authority over the affairs of his kingdom. The accession of Francis gave a more important position to Margaret and her husband. The latter was already one of the leading personages of the state, and new favours increased his power. He did not address the King as “Your Majesty,” says Odolant Desnos, but styled him “Monseigneur” or “My Lord,” and all the acts which he issued respecting his duchy of AlenÇon began with the preamble, “Charles, by the grace of God.” Francis had scarcely become King than he turned his eyes upon Italy, and appointing his mother as Regent, he set out with a large army, a portion of which was commanded by the Duke of AlenÇon. At the battle of Marignano the troops of the latter formed the rearguard, and, on perceiving that the Swiss were preparing to surround the bulk of the French army, Charles marched against them, overthrew them, and by his skilful manouvres decided the issue of the second day’s fight. (1) The conquest of the duchy of Milan was the result of this victory, and peace supervening, the Duke of AlenÇon returned to France. 1 Odolant Desnos’s MÉmoires historiques sur AlenÇon, vol. ii. p. 238. It was at this period that Margaret began to keep a Court, which, according to Odolant Desnos, rivalled that of her brother. We know that in 1517 she and her husband entertained the King with a series of magnificent fÊtes at their ChÂteau of AlenÇon, which then combined both a palace and a fortress. But little of the chÂteau now remains, as, after the damage done to it during the religious wars between 1561 and 1572, it was partially demolished by Henry IV. when he and Biron captured it in 1590. Still the lofty keep built by Henry I. of England subsisted intact till in 1715 it was damaged by fire, and finally in 1787 razed to the ground. The old pile was yet in all its splendour in 1517, when Francis I. was entertained there with jousts and tournaments. At these gay gatherings Margaret appeared apparelled in keeping with her brother’s love of display; for, like all princesses, she clothed herself on important occasions in sumptuous garments. But in every-day life she was very simple, despising the vulgar plan of impressing the crowd by magnificence and splendour. In a portrait executed about this period, her dark-coloured dress is surmounted by a wimple with a double collar and her head covered with a cap in the Bearnese style. This portrait (1) tends, like those of a later date, to the belief that Margaret’s beauty, so celebrated by the poets of her time, consisted mainly in the nobility of her bearing and the sweetness and liveliness spread over her features. Her eyes, nose, and mouth were very large, but although she had been violently attacked with small-pox while still young, she had been spared the traces which this cruel illness so often left in those days, and she even preserved the freshness of her complexion until late in life. (2) 1 It is preserved at the BibliothÈque Nationale in Paris, where it will be found in the Recueil de Portraits au crayon par Clouett Dumonstier, &c, fol. xi. 2 Referring to this subject, she says in one of her letters: “You can tell it to the Count and Countess of Vertus, whom you will go and visit on my behalf; and say to the Countess that I am sorely vexed that she has this loathsome illness. However, I had it as severely as ever was known. And if it be that she has caught it as I have been told, I should like to be near her to preserve her complexion, and do for her what Ï did for myself.”—GÉnin’s lettres de Marguerite d’AngoulÊme, Paris, 1841, p. 374. Like her brother, whom she greatly resembled, she was very tall. Her gait was solemn, but the dignified air of her person was tempered by extreme affability and a lively humour, which never left her. (1) 1 Sainte-Marthe says on this subject: “For in her face, in her gestures, in her walk, in her words, in all that she did and said, a royal gravity made itself so manifest and apparent, that one saw I know not what of majesty which compelled every one to revere and dread her. In seeing her kindly receive every one, refuse no one, and patiently listen to all, you would have promised yourself easy and facile access to her; but if she cast eyes upon you, there was in her face I know not what of gravity, which made you so astounded that you no longer had power, I do not say to walk a step, but even to stir a foot to approach her.”— Oraison-funÈbre, &c, p. 53. Francis I. did not allow the magnificent reception accorded to him at AlenÇon to pass unrewarded. He presented his sister with the duchy of Berry, where she henceforward exercised temporal control, though she does not appear to have ever resided there for any length of time. In 1521, when her husband started to the relief of Chevalier Bayard, attacked in MÉziÈres by the Imperial troops, she repaired to Meaux with her mother so as to be near to the Duke. Whilst sojourning there she improved her acquaintance with the Bishop, William BriÇonnet, who had gathered around him Gerard Roussel, Michael d’Arande, LefÈvre d’Etaples, and other celebrated disciples of the Reformation. The effect of Luther’s preaching had scarcely reached France before Margaret had begun to manifest great interest in the movement, and had engaged in a long correspondence with BriÇonnet, which is still extant. Historians are at variance as to whether Margaret ever really contemplated a change of religion, or whether the protection she extended to the Reformers was simply dictated by a natural feeling of compassion and a horror of persecution. It has been contended that she really meditated a change of faith, and even attempted to convert her mother and brother; and this view is borne out by some passages in the letters which she wrote to Bishop BriÇonnet after spending the winter of 1521 at Meaux. Whilst she was sojourning there, her husband, having contributed to the relief of MÉziÈres, joined the King, who was then encamped at Fervacques on the Somme, and preparing to invade Hainault. It was at this juncture that Clement Marot, the poet, who, after being attached to the person of Anne of Brittany, had become a hanger-on at the Court of Francis I., applied to Margaret to take him into her service. (1) 1 Epistle ii.: Le Despourveu À Madame la Duchesse d’AlenÇon, in the OEuvres de ClÉment Marot, 1700, vol. i. p. 99. Shortly afterwards we find him furnishing her with information respecting the royal army, which had entered Hainault and was fighting there. (1) 1 Epistle iii.: Du Camp d’ Attigny À ma dite Dame d’ AlenÇon, ibid., vol. i. p. 104. Lenglet-Dufresnoy, in his edition of Marot’s works, originated the theory that the numerous poems composed by Marot in honour of Margaret supply proofs of an amorous intrigue between the pair. Other authorities have endorsed this view; but M. Le Roux de Lincy asserts that in the pieces referred to, and others in which Marot incidentally speaks of Margaret, he can find no trace either of the fancy ascribed to her for the poet or of the passion which the latter may have felt for her. Like all those who surrounded the Duchess of AlenÇon, Marot, he remarks, exalted her beauty, art, and talent to the clouds; but whenever it is to her that his verses are directly addressed, he does not depart from the respect he owes to her. To give some likelihood to his conjectures, Lenglet-Dufresnoy had to suppose that Marot addressed Margaret in certain verses which were not intended for her. In the epistles previously mentioned, and in several short pieces, rondeaux, epigrams, new years’ addresses, and epitaphs really written to or for the sister of Francis I., one only finds respectful praise, such as the humble courtier may fittingly offer to his patroness. There is nothing whatever, adds M. Le Roux de Lincy, to promote the suspicion that a passion, either unfortunate or favoured, inspired a single one of these compositions. The campaign in which Francis I. was engaged at the time when Marot’s connection with Margaret began, and concerning which the poet supplied her with information, was destined to influence the whole reign, since it furnished the occasion of the first open quarrel between Francis I. and the companion of his childhood, Charles de Bourbon, Count of Montpensier, and Constable of France. Yielding too readily on this occasion to the persuasions of his mother, Francis intrusted to Margaret’s husband the command of the vanguard, a post which the Constable considered his own by virtue of his office. He felt mortally offended at the preference given to the Duke of AlenÇon, and from that day forward he and Francis were enemies for ever. Whilst the King was secretly jealous of Bourbon, who was one of the handsomest, richest, and bravest men in the kingdom, Louise of Savoy, although forty-four years of age, was in love with him. The Constable, then thirty-two, had lost his wife, Susan de Bourbon, from whom he had inherited vast possessions. To these Louise of Savoy, finding her passion disregarded, laid claim, as being a nearer relative of the deceased. A marriage, as Chancellor Duprat suggested, would have served to reconcile the parties, but the Constable having rejected the proposed alliance—with disdain, so it is said—the suit was brought before the Parliament and decided in favour of Louise. Such satisfaction as she may have felt was not, however, of long duration, for Charles de Bourbon left France, entered the service of Charles V., and in the following year (1524) helped to drive the French under Bonnivet out of Italy. |
|
